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The Presence Of The Hedgehog Pathway In The Granulosa Cell Layer Of Ovarian Follicles In The Mouse
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Book Synopsis The Presence of the Hedgehog Pathway in the Granulosa Cell Layer of Ovarian Follicles in the Mouse by : Ashleigh Lynn Walker
Download or read book The Presence of the Hedgehog Pathway in the Granulosa Cell Layer of Ovarian Follicles in the Mouse written by Ashleigh Lynn Walker and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Presence of the Hedgehog Signaling Pathway in Mouse Ovarian Surface Epithelial Cells by : Jack Muth
Download or read book The Presence of the Hedgehog Signaling Pathway in Mouse Ovarian Surface Epithelial Cells written by Jack Muth and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Hedgehog Signaling Pathway in the Mouse Ovary by : Yi Ren
Download or read book The Hedgehog Signaling Pathway in the Mouse Ovary written by Yi Ren and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway plays critical roles in the Drosophila ovary. Previous studies have provided basic information on the pattern of expression of genes within the HH signaling pathway in the mouse ovary and on potential effects of HH signaling on cultured ovarian cells. An in vivo approach with transgenic mice is necessary to determine the function of HH signaling. The studies in this dissertation used the Amhr2cre/+SmoM2 transgenic mouse line to investigate phenotypes associated with over-activation of hedgehog signaling in the ovary. Results of these studies determined that HH signaling can influence ovarian follicle development. Female Amhr2cre/+SmoM2 mice are infertile. Although mutant mice had developmental defects in the Mullerian duct, the primary cause of infertility was the failure of ovulation based on the fact that oocytes were trapped in the follicles of superovulated mice. No difference in HH signaling activity was detected between controls and mutants around the time of ovulation. Cumulus expansion was suboptimal but could not explain the complete loss of fertility in the mutants. Luteinization occurred and generated normal levels of progesterone in plasma, although there was a delay in corpus luteum (CL) formation. The major phenotype in the ovaries of mutant mice was reduced mRNA levels of genes typical of smooth muscle in the thecal-interstitial compartment and reduced expression of smooth muscle actin (SMA) associated with blood vessels in the theca, indicating that the thecal vasculature failed to mature. Failure of vascular maturation was most likely the leading cause of anovulation in Amhr2cre/+SmoM2 mutant mice. Vascular maturation failed to occur in the ovaries of mutant mice beginning at the primary stage of follicle development. The SmoM2-yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) fusion gene was expressed in the neonatal ovaries of mutant mice and HH signaling activity was elevated in mutants compared to controls around the time of birth. The vascular network in the cortex of ovaries on days 2 and 4 was of higher density in mutant mice compared to controls. Microarray analyses identified elevated mRNA levels of genes involved in vascular development, particularly genes involved in the formation of vascular networks and in the interaction between endothelial and vascular mesenchymal cells. HH signaling was over-active around the time of birth and may have altered development of the thecal vasculature, possibly leading to the lack of vascular maturation in follicles throughout life. Around the time of birth, levels of mRNA for genes involved in steroid production were elevated in the ovaries of mutant mice compared to controls. Some of these genes are normally expressed in the fetal adrenal gland, such as Cyp17a, Cyp21a, Cyp11b and Shh. Immunohistochemistry of CYP17A, CYP21A and SHH confirmed the expression of these genes in the ovaries of mutant mice but not controls, indicating the presence of adrenal-like cells in the ovaries of mutant mice around the time of birth. This is possibly a result of interrupted cell migration/sorting in the adrenogonadal primordium or differentiation of ovarian cells into adrenal-type cells. A higher rate of oocyte degeneration and abnormal development of the first wave of follicles occurred in mutant mice. Fewer primordial follicles were present in the ovaries of mutants compared to controls by 24 days of age. Virgin female Amhr2cre/+SmoM2 mutant mice developed ovarian pathology with high frequency. The pathological changes started between 60 to 120 days of age and progressed over time. Clusters of steroidogenic-like cells persisted from 120 days to 1.5 years of age and may contribute to the pathological changes in the ovaries of mutant mice. In summary, this dissertation provides strong evidence that HH signaling regulates development of the thecal vasculature and its maturation. Over-activation of HH signaling in the embryonic and neonatal ovary led to failure of the thecal vasculature to mature properly, and this was associated with anovulation throughout life. Furthermore, HH may be involved in cell migration/sorting or differentiation of steroidogenic cells in the embryonic and neonatal ovary. Over-activation of HH signaling activity early in life leads to development of ovarian pathology in aged mice.
Book Synopsis Follicular Growth and Atresia in the Mouse by :
Download or read book Follicular Growth and Atresia in the Mouse written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Follicles were classified on the basis of number of layers of follicle cells, presence and degree of development of the zona pellucida, and presence of an antrum. Formation of an antrum in follicles with less than 7-8 cell layers and/or presence of necrotic cells was considered indicative of degeneration. When classified in this manner, the data suggest that follicles and their contained oocytes are committed to either normal development or atresia by the time a third layer of granulosa cells is formed.
Book Synopsis Endocrinology of the Testis and Male Reproduction by : Manuela Simoni
Download or read book Endocrinology of the Testis and Male Reproduction written by Manuela Simoni and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-18 with total page 1364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of endocrinology of the male reproductive system, explaining how it works and how, sometimes, it fails to work. World-class specialists present state of the art knowledge on all aspects, including anatomy, physiology, molecular biology, genetics, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations of testicular diseases, endocrine aspects of andrological and sexual diseases, and therapy. Extensive consideration is given to sexual development, testicular function, the clinical approach to disorders of male reproduction, male hypogonadism, sexual dysfunction, and male infertility. In addition, sociodemographic, psychological, and ethical aspects of male reproductive disorders are discussed. The book is intended as a major reference for endocrinologists, andrologists, and sexologists, as well as basic and clinical scientists. It is published as part of the SpringerReference program, which delivers access to living editions constantly updated through a dynamic peer-review publishing process.
Book Synopsis Handbook of hair in health and disease by : Victor R. Preedy
Download or read book Handbook of hair in health and disease written by Victor R. Preedy and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-05-23 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hair is a major component of the body's tissue system that contributes to the individual's make up and confers a large degree of personal identity. Apart from its visible façade, hair also has a functional role. It has an unique structure and complex molecular development. The very nature of hair makes it a suitable marker for the prognosis of disease. Hair can also be used to screen for toxins and changes in the diet. However, there are currently no suitable publications available that describe hair in a rational scientific context. This handbook provides an academic approach to hair in health and disease. Divided into five sections the Handbook of Hair in Health and Disease provides an insight into hair growth and loss, molecular and cellular biology of hair, dietary toxicity and pathological history, diseases and treatments of hair, as well as shampoos and conditioners. Unique features of each chapter in this volume include relevant and useful 'Key facts' which highlight interesting or important findings of the specific subjects and 'Summary points' that will give a clear overview of the subjects treated in each chapter. The Handbook of Hair in Health and Disease will be essential to a variety of users, such as trichologists, doctors and nurses and all those interested or working within the area of hair health. This includes nutritionists and dieticians, scientific beauticians, health workers and practitioners, college and university lecturers and undergraduate and graduate students.
Book Synopsis Regulators of Ovarian Functions by : Alexander V. Sirotkin
Download or read book Regulators of Ovarian Functions written by Alexander V. Sirotkin and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2014-03 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents an attempt to review the most recent knowledge concerning basic processes occurring in the most important female reproductive organ -- the ovaries and their regulators. The most important processes (ovarian cyclic changes and oogenesis), as well as their extracellular (hormones and growth factors) and intracellular (protein kinases, transcription factors, small RNAs) regulators are described. Data concerning processes or substances well described in previous reviews are summarised here in a short form with references to corresponding reviews.
Book Synopsis Textbook of Clinical Embryology by : Kevin Coward
Download or read book Textbook of Clinical Embryology written by Kevin Coward and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-10-31 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The success of Assisted Reproductive Technology is critically dependent upon the use of well optimized protocols, based upon sound scientific reasoning, empirical observations and evidence of clinical efficacy. Recently, the treatment of infertility has experienced a revolution, with the routine adoption of increasingly specialized molecular biological techniques and advanced methods for the manipulation of gametes and embryos. This textbook – inspired by the postgraduate degree program at the University of Oxford – guides students through the multidisciplinary syllabus essential to ART laboratory practice, from basic culture techniques and micromanipulation to laboratory management and quality assurance, and from endocrinology to molecular biology and research methods. Written for all levels of IVF practitioners, reproductive biologists and technologists involved in human reproductive science, it can be used as a reference manual for all IVF labs and as a textbook by undergraduates, advanced students, scientists and professionals involved in gamete, embryo or stem cell biology.
Book Synopsis The Cell Biology of Stem Cells by : Eran Meshorer
Download or read book The Cell Biology of Stem Cells written by Eran Meshorer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-01-11 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stem cells have been gaining a lot of attention in recent years. Their unique potential to self-renew and differentiate has turned them into an attractive model for the study of basic biological questions such as cell division, replication, transcription, cell fate decisions, and more. With embryonic stem (ES) cells that can generate each cell type in the mammalian body and adult stem cells that are able to give rise to the cells within a given lineage, basic questions at different developmental stages can be addressed. Importantly, both adult and embryonic stem cells provide an excellent tool for cell therapy, making stem cell research ever more pertinent to regenerative medicine. As the title The Cell Biology of Stem Cells suggests, our book deals with multiple aspects of stem cell biology, ranging from their basic molecular characteristics to the in vivo stem cell trafficking of adult stem cells and the adult stem-cell niche, and ends with a visit to regeneration and cell fate reprogramming. In the first chapter, “Early embryonic cell fate decisions in the mouse”, Amy Ralson and Yojiro Yamanaka describe the mechanisms that support early developmental decisions in the mouse pre-implantation embryo and the current understanding of the source of the most immature stem cell types, which includes ES cells, trophoblast stem (TS) cells and extraembryonic endoderm stem (XEN) cells.
Book Synopsis Disorders of Sex Development by : John M. Hutson
Download or read book Disorders of Sex Development written by John M. Hutson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-14 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid advances in medicine over the last 50 years have totally changed the outlook for children with disorders of sex development (DSD), but there is still much to learn. This book crystallizes the combined experience of a leading dedicated unit over 25 years in delivering expert medical and surgical care to children with DSD in a holistic environment. It documents the most recent advances in the molecular biology and embryology of sex development, and describes each disorder in detail. The clinical presentation and approach to diagnosis are described both for babies and for children presenting later in childhood or at adolescence. The chapters on management highlight all the latest knowledge and include the shared wisdom of the authors on current controversies, such as the timing of surgical treatment. Finally, the authors describe their short-, medium-, and long-term outcomes, which demonstrate the strengths of holistic team management.
Book Synopsis Program for the Annual Meeting of the Society for the Study of Reproduction by : Society for the Study of Reproduction
Download or read book Program for the Annual Meeting of the Society for the Study of Reproduction written by Society for the Study of Reproduction and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 1050 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes "Abstracts of papers presented at the annual meeting."
Book Synopsis Human Stem Cell Manual by : Suzanne Peterson
Download or read book Human Stem Cell Manual written by Suzanne Peterson and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-10-22 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual is a comprehensive compilation of "methods that work" for deriving, characterizing, and differentiating hPSCs, written by the researchers who developed and tested the methods and use them every day in their laboratories. The manual is much more than a collection of recipes; it is intended to spark the interest of scientists in areas of stem cell biology that they may not have considered to be important to their work. The second edition of the Human Stem Cell Manual is an extraordinary laboratory guide for both experienced stem cell researchers and those just beginning to use stem cells in their work. - Offers a comprehensive guide for medical and biology researchers who want to use stem cells for basic research, disease modeling, drug development, and cell therapy applications - Provides a cohesive global view of the current state of stem cell research, with chapters written by pioneering stem cell researchers in Asia, Europe, and North America - Includes new chapters devoted to recently developed methods, such as iPSC technology, written by the scientists who made these breakthroughs
Download or read book Stem Cells written by Ariff Bongso and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2011 with total page 721 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stem cell biology has drawn tremendous interest in recent years as it promises cures for a variety of incurable diseases. This book deals with the basic and clinical aspects of stem cell research and involves work on the full spectrum of stem cells isolated today. It also covers the conversion of stem cell types into a variety of useful tissues which may be used in the future for transplantation therapy. It is thus aimed at undergraduates, postgraduates, scientists, embryologists, doctors, tissue engineers and anyone who wishes to gain some insight into stem cell biology. This book is important as it is comprehensive and covers all aspects of stem cell biology, from basic research to clinical applications. It will have 33 chapters written by renowned stem cell scientists worldwide. It will be up-to-date and all the chapters include self-explanatory figures, color photographs, graphics and tables. It will be easy to read and give the reader a complete understanding and state of the art of the exciting science and its applications.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Gynecology by : Donna Shoupe
Download or read book Handbook of Gynecology written by Donna Shoupe and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024-01-07 with total page 1295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive, up-to-date reference on general and subspecialty gynecology. Covering all aspects of gynecology commonly encountered in day-to-day practice, this exhaustive and fully updated new edition provides a practical, one-stop reference work for clinicians working in the field. This carefully-designed volume includes ten sections, beginning with comprehensive coverage of office-based gynecology, and continuing on to present disease processes and management information by patient age group. Each chapter includes background information, current recommendations for screening, diagnostic criteria, common and uncommon associated problems, approach to diagnosis, summary of treatment options, and an overview of ICD-10 codes for specific diagnoses. Importantly, many areas that are covered in the handbook as subspecialty problems are pertinent and important information to many of the general practitioners who handle and develop some expertise in these areas. These include ovulation induction, medical management of incontinence, management of abnormal Pap smears, and work-up of abnormal bleeding. The handbook concludes with an easy-to-navigate presentation of minimally-invasive operations, surgical procedures, neoplasms, and pathology. Advantages and risks associated with management of particular diseases are covered, along with multiple tips for avoiding complications. This second edition is fully updated. With extensive updates on cervical cancer screening, pelvic organ prolapse, and more, many chapters will be completely rewritten to reflect the latest guidelines, procedures, and methods of care in women’s health. The text additionally includes two new chapters, covering the impact of COVID on gynecology care, and the work-up and surgical management of chronic pelvic pain. This is an ideal guide for practicing gynecologists, family and internal medicine physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, fellows, residents, medical students, and all women’s health care providers.
Download or read book The Ovary written by Peter C.K. Leung and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-09-10 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Ovary, Third Edition, includes more than 60% new material that highlights the clinical aspects of human ovarian functions. It covers advances in the areas of genomics, assisted reproductive technology, and cancer diagnosis and treatment. This updated edition synthesizes new information at the molecular, cellular and organismal levels, while also presenting modern ovarian physiology in a more understandable and comparative context. The book looks at ovarian function from a detailed molecular and cellular level that examines all phases of the ovarian lifecycle that places special emphasis on the pathophysiology of the human ovary, including ovarian carcinogenesis. Represents an unparalleled compilation of chapters that are relevant to contemporary ovarian physiology Provides basic and clinical research on ovarian function, abnormalities, assisted reproductive technology, and cancer Highlights contemporary strategies and treatment paradigms in female factor infertility
Book Synopsis Essentials of Medical Biochemistry by : Chung Eun Ha
Download or read book Essentials of Medical Biochemistry written by Chung Eun Ha and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-01-28 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expert biochemist N.V. Bhagavan's new work condenses his successful Medical Biochemistry texts along with numerous case studies, to act as an extensive review and reference guide for both students and experts alike. The research-driven content includes four-color illustrations throughout to develop an understanding of the events and processes that are occurring at both the molecular and macrolecular levels of physiologic regulation, clinical effects, and interactions. Using thorough introductions, end of chapter reviews, fact-filled tables, and related multiple-choice questions, Bhagavan provides the reader with the most condensed yet detailed biochemistry overview available. More than a quick survey, this comprehensive text includes USMLE sample exams from Bhagavan himself, a previous coauthor. - Clinical focus emphasizing relevant physiologic and pathophysiologic biochemical concepts - Interactive multiple-choice questions to prep for USMLE exams - Clinical case studies for understanding basic science, diagnosis, and treatment of human diseases - Instructional overview figures, flowcharts, and tables to enhance understanding
Book Synopsis The Theory of Endobiogeny by : Kamyar M. Hedayat
Download or read book The Theory of Endobiogeny written by Kamyar M. Hedayat and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-06-18 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Theory of Endobiogeny Volume 1: Global Systems Thinking and Biological Modeling for Clinical Medicine offers researchers and clinicians a detailed introduction to the theory of Endobiogeny. The book presents a new approach to medicine that is at once scientific and humanistic, quantitative, and qualitative. The philosophical and experimental basis of a global complex systems approach to physiology is presented along with a mathematical approach to modeling the dynamism of the terrain. The importance of the history and physical examination are renewed as a source of “big data readily available to clinicians for greater insight into the patient’s state. Expansion of the therapeutic compendium is proposed based on a rational, clinical approach correlated to mathematical indicators of the physiologic state. What is proposed in this work is a fundamental shift in scientific thinking with a resulting expansion of the boundaries of clinical medicine for the 21st century and beyond. Extends systems biology from the cellular to the integrative physiologic level Moves the functional medicine approach to a higher level of integration and true global systems thinking Presents mathematical tools and proofs of formulas related to the biology of functions: a biological modeling system based on the theory of endobiogeny. The biology of functions has assisted clinicians in conceptualizing, treating, and objectively monitoring the longitudinal effects of treatment through the evolution of the patient’s unique phenotypic expression of terrain
