the-politics-of-pure-science

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The Politics of Pure Science

Author : Daniel S. Greenberg
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 9780226306322
Total Pages : 362 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (63 download)

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Book Synopsis The Politics of Pure Science by : Daniel S. Greenberg

Download or read book The Politics of Pure Science written by Daniel S. Greenberg and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1999-08 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Politics of Pure Science, a pioneering and controversial work, set a new standard for the realistic examination of the place of science in American politics and society. Dispelling the myth of scientific purity and detachment, Daniel S. Greenberg documents in revealing detail the political processes that underpinned government funding of science from the 1940s to the 1970s. While the book's hard-hitting approach earned praise from a broad audience, it drew harsh fire from many scientists, who did not relish their turn under the microscope. The fact that this dispute is so reminiscent of today's acrimonious "Science Wars" demonstrates that although science has changed a great deal since The Politics of Pure Science first appeared, the politics of science has not—which is why this book retains its importance. For this new edition, John Maddox (Nature editor emeritus) and Steven Shapin have provided introductory essays that situate the book in broad social and historical context, and Greenberg has written a new afterword taking account of recent developments in the politics of science. "[A] book of consequence about science as one of the more consequential social institutions in the modern world. It is one that could be understood and should be read by the President, legislators, scientists and the rest of us ordinary folk. . . . Informative and perceptive."—Robert K. Merton, New York Times Book Review

The Politics of Pure Science

Author : Daniel S. Greenberg
Publisher : Dutton Adult
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis The Politics of Pure Science by : Daniel S. Greenberg

Download or read book The Politics of Pure Science written by Daniel S. Greenberg and published by Dutton Adult. This book was released on 1968 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An inquiry into the developing relationship between science and government in the U.S., including analyses of such specific projects as MOHOLE and the high energy accelerator for MURA.

Science, Money, and Politics

Author : Daniel S. Greenberg
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 9780226306353
Total Pages : 544 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (63 download)

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Book Synopsis Science, Money, and Politics by : Daniel S. Greenberg

Download or read book Science, Money, and Politics written by Daniel S. Greenberg and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2003-04-15 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Greenberg explores how scientific research is funded in the United States, including why the political process distributes the funds the way it does and how it can be corrupted by special interests in academia, business, and political machines.

Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists by :

Download or read book Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists written by and published by . This book was released on 1968-05 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is the premier public resource on scientific and technological developments that impact global security. Founded by Manhattan Project Scientists, the Bulletin's iconic "Doomsday Clock" stimulates solutions for a safer world.

The New Politics of Science

Author : David Dickson
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 9780226147635
Total Pages : 420 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (476 download)

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Book Synopsis The New Politics of Science by : David Dickson

Download or read book The New Politics of Science written by David Dickson and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1988 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How science "gets done" in today's world has profound political repercussions, since scientific knowledge, through its technical applications, has become an important source of both economic and military power. The increasing dependence of scientific research on funding from business and the military has made questions about the access to and control of scientific knowledge a central issue in today's politics of science. In The New Politics of Science, David Dickson points out that "the scientific community has its own internal power structures, its elites, its hierarchies, its ideologies, its sanctioned norms of social behavior, and its dissenting groups. And the more that science, as a social practice, forms an integral part of the economic structures of the society in which it is imbedded, the more the boundaries and differences between the two dissolve. Groups inside the scientific community, for example, will use groups outside the community—and vice versa—to achieve their own political ends." In this edition, Dickson has included a new preface commenting on the continuing and increasing influence of industrial and defense interests on American scientific research in the 1980s.

Research and Relevant Knowledge

Author : Roger L. Geiger
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351493442
Total Pages : 548 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (514 download)

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Book Synopsis Research and Relevant Knowledge by : Roger L. Geiger

Download or read book Research and Relevant Knowledge written by Roger L. Geiger and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-29 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rise of American research universities to international preeminence constitutes one of the most important episodes in the history of higher education. Research and Relevant Knowledge follows Geiger's earlier volume on American research universities from 1900 to 1940. This second work is the first study to trace this momentous development in the post-World War II period. It describes how the federal government first relied on university scientists during the war, and how the resulting relationship set the pattern for the postwar mushrooming of academic research.The first half of the book analyzes the development of the postwar system of academic research, exploring the contributions of foundations, defense agencies, and universities. The second half depicts the rise of the ""golden age"" of academic research in the years after Sputnik (1957) and its eventual dissolution at the end of the 1960s graduate education. When the federal patron soon reduced its largesse, university students took the lead in challenging the putative hegemony of academic research. The loss of consensus quickly brought the malaise of the 1970s--stagnation, frustration, and equivocation about the research role. The final chapter appraises the renaissance of the 1980s, based largely on a rapprochement with the private sector, and ends by evaluating the embattled status of research universities at the beginning of the 1990s.Research and Relevant Knowledge provides the first authoritative analytical account of American research universities during their most fateful half-century. It will be of critical importance to all those concerned with the future of higher education in the United States.

Science and Political Controversy

Author : David E. Newton
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 235 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (161 download)

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Book Synopsis Science and Political Controversy by : David E. Newton

Download or read book Science and Political Controversy written by David E. Newton and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2014-04-21 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A shrewd and compelling examination of how political figures throughout history have used scientific findings to achieve their objectives—just as scientists have often put political forces to work to achieve their own goals. The U.S. government has historically been the engine of American scientific achievement, from the birth of nuclear technology to the "space race." However, at times, our government has also misrepresented scientific evidence to advance a political agenda. Science and Political Controversy: A Reference Handbook examines how the government has facilitated research for the public good and the ways in which politicians have manipulated data to serve political ends around a broad array of controversies, from stem cell research to energy development, chemical health risks, and climate change. Written specifically for high school students and general readers without specialized background knowledge on the subject, the work presents perspective essays authored by representatives from governmental agencies, politicians, political scientists, experts in the physical and life sciences, and other stakeholders concerned with the intersection of politics and science. The first section of the book provides background information on the topic that overviews the current problems and issues related to the interaction of science and politics. The second section supplies resources that readers can use for their own research, such as an annotated bibliography, profiles of important individuals and organizations, a chronology of important events, and a glossary of key terms.

Pure Politics and Impure Science

Author : Arthur M. Silverstein
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Pure Politics and Impure Science by : Arthur M. Silverstein

Download or read book Pure Politics and Impure Science written by Arthur M. Silverstein and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grippe / Impfung / Politik.

Scientific Knowledge and Its Social Problems

Author : Jerome R. Ravetz
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000159841
Total Pages : 417 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Scientific Knowledge and Its Social Problems by : Jerome R. Ravetz

Download or read book Scientific Knowledge and Its Social Problems written by Jerome R. Ravetz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-09-10 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science is continually confronted by new and difficult social and ethical problems. Some of these problems have arisen from the transformation of the academic science of the prewar period into the industrialized science of the present. Traditional theories of science are now widely recognized as obsolete. In Scientific Knowledge and Its Social Problems (originally published in 1971), Jerome R. Ravetz analyzes the work of science as the creation and investigation of problems. He demonstrates the role of choice and value judgment, and the inevitability of error, in scientific research. Ravetz's new introductory essay is a masterful statement of how our understanding of science has evolved over the last two decades.

The Routledge Handbook of the Political Economy of Science

Author : David Tyfield
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1317412036
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)

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Book Synopsis The Routledge Handbook of the Political Economy of Science by : David Tyfield

Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of the Political Economy of Science written by David Tyfield and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-04-28 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The political economy of research and innovation (R&I) is one of the central issues of the early twenty-first century. ‘Science’ and ‘innovation’ are increasingly tasked with driving and reshaping a troubled global economy while also tackling multiple, overlapping global challenges, such as climate change or food security, global pandemics or energy security. But responding to these demands is made more complicated because R&I themselves are changing. Today, new global patterns of R&I are transforming the very structures, institutions and processes of science and innovation, and with it their claims about desirable futures. Our understanding of R&I needs to change accordingly. Responding to this new urgency and uncertainty, this handbook presents a pioneering selection of the growing body of literature that has emerged in recent years at the intersection of science and technology studies and political economy. The central task for this research has been to expose important but consequential misconceptions about the political economy of R&I and to build more insightful approaches. This volume therefore explores the complex interrelations between R&I (both in general and in specific fields) and political economies across a number of key dimensions from health to environment, and universities to the military. The Routledge Handbook of the Political Economy of Science offers a unique collection of texts across a range of issues in this burgeoning and important field from a global selection of top scholars. The handbook is essential reading for students interested in the political economy of science, technology and innovation. It also presents succinct and insightful summaries of the state of the art for more advanced scholars.

The Politics of Knowledge

Author : Ellen Condliffe Lagemann
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 9780226467801
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (678 download)

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Book Synopsis The Politics of Knowledge by : Ellen Condliffe Lagemann

Download or read book The Politics of Knowledge written by Ellen Condliffe Lagemann and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1992-05 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Carnegie Corporation, among this country's oldest and most important foundations, has underwritten projects ranging from the writings of David Riesman to Sesame Street. Lagemann's lively history focuses on how foundations quietly but effectively use power and private money to influence public policies.

Forces of Production

Author : David Noble
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351519603
Total Pages : 427 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (515 download)

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Book Synopsis Forces of Production by : David Noble

Download or read book Forces of Production written by David Noble and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-12 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on the design and implementation of computer-based automatic machine tools, David F. Noble challenges the idea that technology has a life of its own. Technology has been both a convenient scapegoat and a universal solution, serving to disarm critics, divert attention, depoliticize debate, and dismiss discussion of the fundamental antagonisms and inequalities that continue to beset America. This provocative study of the postwar automation of the American metal-working industry—the heart of a modern industrial economy—explains how dominant institutions like the great corporations, the universities, and the military, along with the ideology of modern engineering shape, the development of technology. Noble shows how the system of "numerical control," perfected at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and put into general industrial use, was chosen over competing systems for reasons other than the technical and economic superiority typically advanced by its promoters. Numerical control took shape at an MIT laboratory rather than in a manufacturing setting, and a market for the new technology was created, not by cost-minded producers, but instead by the U. S. Air Force. Competing methods, equally promising, were rejected because they left control of production in the hands of skilled workers, rather than in those of management or programmers. Noble demonstrates that engineering design is influenced by political, economic, managerial, and sociological considerations, while the deployment of equipment—illustrated by a detailed case history of a large General Electric plant in Massachusetts—can become entangled with such matters as labor classification, shop organization, managerial responsibility, and patterns of authority. In its examination of technology as a human, social process, Forces of Production is a path-breaking contribution to the understanding of this phenomenon in American society.

Survey Research in the United States

Author : Jean M. Converse
Publisher : Transaction Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1412815797
Total Pages : 599 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (128 download)

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Book Synopsis Survey Research in the United States by : Jean M. Converse

Download or read book Survey Research in the United States written by Jean M. Converse and published by Transaction Publishers. This book was released on 2011-12-31 with total page 599 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hardly an American today escapes being polled or surveyed or sampled. In this illuminating history, Jean Converse shows how survey research came to be perhaps the single most important development in twentieth-century social science. Everyone interested in survey methods and public opinion, including social scientists in many fi elds, will find this volume a major resource. Converse traces the beginnings of survey research in the practical worlds of politics and business, where elite groups sought information so as to infl uence mass democratic publics and markets. During the Depression and World War II, the federal government played a major role in developing surveys on a national scale. In the 1940s certain key individuals with academic connections and experience in polling, business, or government research brought surveys into academic life. By the 1960s, what was initially viewed with suspicion had achieved a measure of scientific acceptance of survey research. The author draws upon a wealth of material in archives, interviews, and published work to trace the origins of the early organizations (the Bureau of Applied Social Research, the National Opinion Research Center, and the Survey Research Center of Michigan), and to capture the perspectives of front-line fi gures such as Paul Lazarsfeld, George Gallup, Elmo Roper, and Rensis Likert. She writes with sensitivity and style, revealing how academic survey research, along with its commercial and political cousins, came of age in the United States.

The Global Politics of Science and Technology - Vol. 2

Author : Maximilian Mayer
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 364255010X
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (425 download)

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Book Synopsis The Global Politics of Science and Technology - Vol. 2 by : Maximilian Mayer

Download or read book The Global Politics of Science and Technology - Vol. 2 written by Maximilian Mayer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-20 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An increasing number of scholars have begun to see science and technology as relevant issues in International Relations (IR), acknowledging the impact of material elements, technical instruments, and scientific practices on international security, statehood, and global governance. This two-volume collection brings the debate about science and technology to the center of International Relations. It shows how integrating science and technology translates into novel analytical frameworks, conceptual approaches and empirical puzzles, and thereby offers a state-of-the-art review of various methodological and theoretical ways in which sciences and technologies matter for the study of international affairs and world politics. The authors not only offer a set of practical examples of research frameworks for experts and students alike, but also propose a conceptual space for interdisciplinary learning in order to improve our understanding of the global politics of science and technology. The second volume raises a plethora of issue areas, actors, and cases under the umbrella notion techno-politics. Distinguishing between interactional and co-productive perspectives, it outlines a toolbox of analytical frameworks that transcend technological determinism and social constructivism.

Science and Politics

Author : Jean Jacques Salomon
Publisher : MIT Press (MA)
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Science and Politics by : Jean Jacques Salomon

Download or read book Science and Politics written by Jean Jacques Salomon and published by MIT Press (MA). This book was released on 1973 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the beginning, science has nourished the political ideal that its knowledge and applications should liberate men from magic, fear, and oppression. Salomon traces this ideal from its origin through the early nineteenth-century French laissez-faire attitude, which tolerated but did not yet underwrite scientific research, to the time when American scientists put the atom at the disposition of the military, Roosevelt asked American researchers to help effect the New Deal, and Leon Blum made Irene Joliot-Curie and Jean Perrin undersecretaries for scientific research."This book is about politics--about political decision and action on issues which affect science," writes Salomon. He deals with basic rather than social science and focuses on research subsidized by governments for military and defense purposes. He is concerned equally with an empirical investigation of the scientist's condition in modern society and with a philosophical examination of the moral questions involved in the scientist's relations with political authority and in the changed nature of science itself."Science and Politics" poses precisely those questions about values, science, and politics that lie at the heart of the contemporary American debate about the moral and political implications of technology. The book presents its issues in a comparative perspective. Most of the cases are drawn from American experiences "because this relation [of science to power] assumed the institutionalized form which it now has in all industrialized countries earlier and on a larger scale in the United States, with more acute problems, greater awareness and a richer effort of reflection than elsewhere..."The speculative conclusion of the book is that against the idea of "pure" science and the idea of "applied" science will rise up the notion of the realm of "science, period," where scientific man will not only engage in pure and applied research but will also consider science more carefully in its problematic relation to humanity.

Science-Based Innovation

Author : A. Styhre
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 0230582516
Total Pages : 275 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Science-Based Innovation by : A. Styhre

Download or read book Science-Based Innovation written by A. Styhre and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-02-27 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knowledge management has become a well-known term, but science-based innovation remains relatively unexploited. Bridging the gap between knowledge management theory and studies of science of technology, such as in the pharmaceutical industry and biotechnology firms, this book provides a timely insight into the innovation of the knowledge economy.

Basic and Applied Research

Author : David Kaldewey
Publisher : Berghahn Books
ISBN 13 : 178533901X
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (853 download)

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Book Synopsis Basic and Applied Research by : David Kaldewey

Download or read book Basic and Applied Research written by David Kaldewey and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2018-04-25 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The distinction between basic and applied research was central to twentieth-century science and policymaking, and if this framework has been contested in recent years, it nonetheless remains ubiquitous in both scientific and public discourse. Employing a transnational, diachronic perspective informed by historical semantics, this volume traces the conceptual history of the basic–applied distinction from the nineteenth century to today, taking stock of European developments alongside comparative case studies from the United States and China. It shows how an older dichotomy of pure and applied science was reconceived in response to rapid scientific progress and then further transformed by the geopolitical circumstances of the postwar era.