The Physiological Mechanisms of Motivation

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461256925
Total Pages : 481 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (612 download)

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Book Synopsis The Physiological Mechanisms of Motivation by : D.W. Pfaff

Download or read book The Physiological Mechanisms of Motivation written by D.W. Pfaff and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To scientists engaged in research on the cellular mechanisms in the mammalian brain, concepts of "motivation" seem to be a logical neces sity, even if they are not fashionable. Immersed in the detailed, time consuming research required to deal with mammalian nerve cells, we usually pay scant attention to the more global brain -behavior questions that have arisen from decades of biological and psychological studies. We felt it was time to confront these issues-namely, how far has neuro biological investigation come in uncovering mechanisms by which moti vational signals influence behavior? At Rockefeller University, we have recently held a course on this subject. We restricted our treatment to those motivational systems most tractable to physiological approaches, and invited scientists skilled in both behavioral issues and physiological techniques to participate. This volume results from that course. The deans and administration at Rockefeller University provided much help in planning the course, and the staff of Springer-Verlag assisted in planning the book. Gabriele Zummer helped organize both the course and the processing of book chapters. They all deserve our thanks. December 1981 Donald W. Pfaff Professor of Neurobiology and Behavior Rockefeller University Contents Part One: Concepts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Chapter 1 Donald W. Pfaff Motivational Concepts: Definitions and Distinctions . . . . . . . . . . 3 Motivation: A Brief Review of Concepts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Reinforcement, Reward . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Incentive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Arousal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Emotion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Motivation Is a Unitary Behavioral Concept with Multiple Neurophysiological Mechanisms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Chapter 2 Alan N.

The Physiological Mechanisms of Motivation

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781461256939
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (569 download)

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Book Synopsis The Physiological Mechanisms of Motivation by : D. W. Pfaff

Download or read book The Physiological Mechanisms of Motivation written by D. W. Pfaff and published by . This book was released on 1982-05-05 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Learning, Motivation, and Their Physiological Mechanisms

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351509225
Total Pages : 502 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (515 download)

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Book Synopsis Learning, Motivation, and Their Physiological Mechanisms by : Neal E. Miller

Download or read book Learning, Motivation, and Their Physiological Mechanisms written by Neal E. Miller and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-28 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neal E. Miller's pioneering work in experimental psychology has earned him worldwide respect. This second in a two-volume collection of his work brings together forty-three of Miller's most important and representative essays on learning, motivation, and their physiological mechanisms. They were selected on the basis of their current relevance and their historical significance at the time they were published. In order to emphasize the main themes, essays on a given topic have been grouped together.Learning, Motivation, and Their Physiological Mechanisms begins when the author first discovered the thrill of designing and executing experiments to get clear-cut answers concerning the behavior of children and of rats. The first study was one of the earliest ones on the behavioral effects of the recently synthesized male hormone, testosterone. The second was one of the earliest studies demonstrating the value of using a variety of behavioral techniques to investigate the motivational effects of a physiological intervention. The next studies investigated the satisfying and rewarding effects of food or water in the stomach versus in the mouth and the thirst-inducing and reducing effects of hyper- and hypotonic solutions, respectively, injected into the brain. The last study describes a technique devised for extending the analysis of the mechanism of hunger to the effects of humoral factors in the blood.The study is completed with an examination of trial-and-error learning that was motivated by direct electrical stimulation of the brain and rewarded by the termination of such stimulation. Other studies show that the stimulation via such electrodes not only elicits eating, but also has the principal motivational characteristics of normal hunger. The conclusion deals with a series of experiments that overthrows strong traditional beliefs by proving that glandular and visceral responses mediated by the autonomic nervous system are subject to instrumental learning, which can be

Behavioral Neuroscience of Motivation

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319269356
Total Pages : 587 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Behavioral Neuroscience of Motivation by : Eleanor H. Simpson

Download or read book Behavioral Neuroscience of Motivation written by Eleanor H. Simpson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-11 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume covers the current status of research in the neurobiology of motivated behaviors in humans and other animals in healthy condition. This includes consideration of the psychological processes that drive motivated behavior and the anatomical, electrophysiological and neurochemical mechanisms which drive these processes and regulate behavioural output. The volume also includes chapters on pathological disturbances in motivation including apathy, or motivational deficit as well as addictions, the pathological misdirection of motivated behavior. As with the chapters on healthy motivational processes, the chapters on disease provide a comprehensive up to date review of the neurobiological abnormalities that underlie motivation, as determined by studies of patient populations as well as animal models of disease. The book closes with a section on recent developments in treatments for motivational disorders.

The Physiological Bases of Motivation

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Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Physiological Bases of Motivation by : Jack E. Hokanson

Download or read book The Physiological Bases of Motivation written by Jack E. Hokanson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1969 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Psychobiology of Human Motivation

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000340104
Total Pages : 221 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis The Psychobiology of Human Motivation by : Hugh Wagner

Download or read book The Psychobiology of Human Motivation written by Hugh Wagner and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-02-03 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a classic edition of Hugh Wagner’s influential overview of the biopsychological underpinnings of human motivation. It includes a new foreword written by Michael Richter who reflects on Wagner’s 20 years of teaching, writing and research in the field of biopsychology and promises an engaging, succinct and accessible introductory text that remains relevant and useful to students today. The Psychobiology of Human Motivation explores what directs our behaviour, from basic physiological needs like hunger and thirst to more complex aspects of social behaviour like altruism. Wagner explores the limits of biological explanations and shows how humans can influence ‘basic’ physiological drives in order to adapt to a complex social environment. An accessible, engaging resource strengthened by many applied examples, Wagner’s text continues to be integral reading for undergraduate students seeking a solid introduction to the psychology of human motivation across the social and behavioural sciences.

Motivation and Emotion

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Publisher : Pearson
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Motivation and Emotion by : Denys DeCatanzaro

Download or read book Motivation and Emotion written by Denys DeCatanzaro and published by Pearson. This book was released on 1998 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique book provides a comprehensive study of emotion within a modern evolutionary perspective. Motivation and emotion are presented within an integrated approach that assumes biological and psychological causes, including evolution, neuroscience, endocrinology, human development, and culture. Motivation and Emotion Presents a wealth of modern evidence integrating neuroscience and endocrinology into the study of motivation and emotion. The book provides a variety of photographs of facial expressions showing emotions from people of diverse cultures as well as nonhuman primates. It also discusses modern interactive explanations for specific behaviors, rather than dull, historical perspectives. For example, human affect is explained as a response to social events and stress, resulting in psychophysiological consequences. An essential reference for any professional in sociology or psychology.

Motivation

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468442864
Total Pages : 593 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)

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Book Synopsis Motivation by : Evelyn Satinoff

Download or read book Motivation written by Evelyn Satinoff and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Motivation addresses a central problem in psychology: Why does an animal's behavior fluctuate in the face of an unaltered environment? In a sense this is the opposite of the question from which work on motivation began, and for which Claude Bernard invented the concept of the fixity of the internal milieu: How does an animal maintain constancy in the face of a fluctuating environment? Dealing with motivation has become extremely complex as new experiments, phenomena, and theories have extended the concept. This book embodies some of the ways in which work on motivation is currently proceeding. One of the major changes has been the recognition that motivation cannot be explained without an understanding of the biological rhythms and activational systems that underlie behavior. Another is that ecological and evolutionary perspectives add enormously to answering the central problem of why an animal does what it does when it does. The book suffers from several omissions. There is no chapter on the devel opment of motivated behavior. There is none on reward systems in the brain, owing to the untimely death of James Olds, whose contribution would have enriched this book appreciably, and to whom we dedicate it. EVELYN SATINOFF PHILIP TEITELBAUM Vll Contents PART I UNDERLYING ACTIVATIONAL SYSTEMS CHAPTER 1 Motivation, Biological Clocks, and Temporal Organization of Behavior 3 Irving Zucker Reactivity to External Stimuli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Reactivity to Interoceptive Stimuli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Sources of Biological Rhythmicity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Rhythm Generation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 . . . . . . . . . . Rhythm Synchronization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 . . . . . . . . . . Consequences of Rhythm Desynchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 . . . . .

Animal Motivation

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400908318
Total Pages : 163 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Animal Motivation by : Patrick Colgan

Download or read book Animal Motivation written by Patrick Colgan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-13 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The topic of animal motivation deals with how and why animals engage in particular activities: what mechanisms inside the animal generate behaviour, how stimuli from the external environment in fluence these mechanisms, and how this behaviour is beneficial to the animal. The topic is thus central both to academic studies in psychology and zoology and to applied matters in domestic species. Motivation has not been an area of great emphasis in the past 10-15 years but there is now a growing realization that it should receive greater attention. Drawing on concepts and observations from a number of areas, this book provides an overview of the motiva tional processes which determine the choices, timing, and sequencing which are characteristic of animal behaviour. Data and theory from ethology, psychology, and evolutionary biology are synthesized into a contemporary framework for analysing such central features of behaviour as persistence in activities and goal orientation. Principles of motivational analysis are discussed and illustrated with specific case studies. The successive chapters deal with ethological, phy siological, and ecological approaches involving experimental work on a diversity of vertebrate and invertebrate species. Ethological topics include the interaction of external stimuli and internal states, mechanisms of choice, quantitative models of motivation, conflict between tendencies for different activities, and behavioural homeos tasis. The review of physiological research focuses on hunger, the activating roles of nerves and hormones, and the examination of animals with small nervous systems.

Motivation and Emotion

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Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 0761908323
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (619 download)

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Book Synopsis Motivation and Emotion by : David C. Edwards

Download or read book Motivation and Emotion written by David C. Edwards and published by SAGE. This book was released on 1999 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do culture and other people affect our eating habits? Is love "natural" to humans? Is anger always at the root of aggressive behaviors? Aimed at unraveling the mysteries of human motivation and emotion, author David C. Edwards explores the evolutionary, physiological, social, and cognitive factors that shape each motivational behavior from anger to sex to work and play. Topically organized, this volume provides readers with the best or contemporary findings in each motivational behavior and summarizes how past research in the field contributed to current thought.

Motivation and Emotion

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134587406
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (345 download)

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Book Synopsis Motivation and Emotion by : Philip Gorman

Download or read book Motivation and Emotion written by Philip Gorman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-08-02 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Motivation and Emotion provides an explanation of emotional experience and aspects of human behaviour using psychological, physiological and alternative approaches. The brain mechanisms that govern motivations are discussed and questions such as 'Why don't we eat ourselves to death?' and 'How do we know we are thirsty?' are answered. Phil Gorman is an A-Level teacher at Stafford College, UK, and a chief examiner for the Edexcel A Level Examination Board. The Routledge Modular Psychology series is a completely new approach to introductory level psychology, tailor-made for the new modular style of teaching. Each book covers a topic in more detail than any large textbook can, allowing teacher and student to select material exactly to suit any particular course or project. Especially written for those students new to higher-level study, whether at school, college or university, the books include the following designed features to help with technique: practise essays with specialist commentary to show how to achieve a higher grade chapter summaries and summaries of key research glossary and further reading progress and review exercises. Series editors: Cara Flanagan is a Reviser for AS and A2 level Psychology and an experienced teacher and examiner. Philip Banyard is Associate Senior Lecturer in Psychology at Nottingham Trent University and a Chief Examiner for AS and A2 level Psychology.

Human Motivation

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Publisher : Allyn & Bacon
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 536 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Human Motivation by : Russell G. Geen

Download or read book Human Motivation written by Russell G. Geen and published by Allyn & Bacon. This book was released on 1984 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Changing Concepts of the Nervous System

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323142249
Total Pages : 847 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (231 download)

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Book Synopsis Changing Concepts of the Nervous System by : Adrian Morrison

Download or read book Changing Concepts of the Nervous System written by Adrian Morrison and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 847 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Changing Concepts of the Nervous System, presents the proceedings of the First Institute of Neurological Sciences Symposium in Neurobiology, held at the University of Pennsylvania in October 1980. The book is divided into four parts consisting of mini symposia on different aspects of the neurosciences. The first mini symposia discuss the anatomical, physiological, developmental, and behavioral plasticity of the nervous system. The second mini symposia cover the changing concepts of the central visual system. The idea of the biological basis of the concept of motivation and its behavioral manifestations from both theoretical and experimental aspects is examined in the third mini symposia. The final mini symposia tackle the four aspects of studies on memory: amnesia (consolidation and retrieval), the role of catecholamines, the role of proteins, and the role of peptides. Anatomists, neurobiologists, neuroscientists, and students and researchers in the field of neuroscience will find the book invaluable.

Mechanisms of Learning and Motivation

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Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317768523
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis Mechanisms of Learning and Motivation by : A. Dickinson

Download or read book Mechanisms of Learning and Motivation written by A. Dickinson and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-01-14 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume consists of a series of chapters honoring a Polish psychologist and neurophysiologist who died in 1973. Although his name was familiar to all of the contributors, many had had no personal contact with him and had gained acquaintance with his ideas only through his publications.

The Cambridge Handbook of Psychology and Economic Behaviour

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108548784
Total Pages : 808 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Psychology and Economic Behaviour by : Alan Lewis

Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Psychology and Economic Behaviour written by Alan Lewis and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-02-15 with total page 808 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has recently been an escalated interest in the interface between psychology and economics. The Cambridge Handbook of Psychology and Economic Behaviour is a valuable reference dedicated to improving our understanding of the economic mind and economic behaviour. Employing empirical methods - including laboratory and field experiments, observations, questionnaires and interviews - the Handbook provides comprehensive coverage of theory and method, financial and consumer behaviour, the environment and biological perspectives. This second edition also includes new chapters on topics such as neuroeconomics, unemployment, debt, behavioural public finance, and cutting-edge work on fuzzy trace theory and robots, cyborgs and consumption. With distinguished contributors from a variety of countries and theoretical backgrounds, the Handbook is an important step forward in the improvement of communications between the disciplines of psychology and economics that will appeal to academic researchers and graduates in economic psychology and behavioral economics.

Knobil and Neill's Physiology of Reproduction

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Publisher : Gulf Professional Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9780125154024
Total Pages : 1550 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (54 download)

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Book Synopsis Knobil and Neill's Physiology of Reproduction by : Ernst Knobil

Download or read book Knobil and Neill's Physiology of Reproduction written by Ernst Knobil and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2006 with total page 1550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 3rd edition, the first new one in ten years, includes coverage of molecular levels of detail arising from the last decade's explosion of information at this level of organismic organization. There are 5 new Associate Editors and about 2/3 of the chapters have new authors. Chapters prepared by return authors are extensively revised. Several new chapters have been added on the topic of pregnancy, reflecting the vigorous investigation of this topic during the last decade.The information covered includes both human and experimental animals; basic principels are sought, and information at the organismic and molecular levels are presented. *The leading comprehensive work on the physiology of reproduction*Edited and authored by the world's leading scientists in the field*Is a synthesis of the molecular, cellular, and organismic levels of organization*Bibliogrpahics of chapters are extensive and cover all the relevant literature

How Motivation Affects Cardiovascular Response

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Publisher : American Psychological Association (APA)
ISBN 13 : 9781433810268
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis How Motivation Affects Cardiovascular Response by : Rex A. Wright

Download or read book How Motivation Affects Cardiovascular Response written by Rex A. Wright and published by American Psychological Association (APA). This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cardiovascular (CV) response consists of changes in CV parameters such as heart rate, blood pressure, and heart contraction force in reaction to an event or set of events. It is significant for multiple reasons, perhaps most notably because research suggests that it affects the development and progression of heart disease. Disease models vary, but most assume that characteristically strong and prolonged CV responses confer health risk. Psychologists have long suspected linkages between motivational variables and CV response. However, formal study of the linkages was limited for many years. Motivationally based CV response research now flourishes, with researchers in various disciplines considering the role of relevant variables such as effort, incentives, and goals. This book conveys the amount and diversity of motivationally based CV response research that currently is being conducted. Chapters discuss mechanisms of motivational influence on CV response and apply motivational approaches to studying CV response in different life circumstances. Health implications are considered throughout. The volume will appeal to scholars and practitioners in numerous specialty areas, including motivation, emotion, psychophysiology, medical/health psychology, social/personality psychology and human factors/ergonomics. It will be a vital research source and could serve as a text or supplement in classes that address motivational, psychophysiological and health issues.