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The Pathogenesis Of Essential Hypertension
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Book Synopsis Essential Hypertension and Its Causes by : Paul I. Korner
Download or read book Essential Hypertension and Its Causes written by Paul I. Korner and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-05-11 with total page 717 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new account of the pathogenesis of essential hypertension (EH) represents a detailed analysis of the main components of the circulatory control system. The latter's properties resemble those of man-made adaptive control systems in which regulatory parameters are altered when operating conditions exceed certain limits, often through neural mechanisms. Inheritance of EH depends on both genes and environment. The high blood pressure (BP) genes have not yet been definitively identified, whilst the main environmental causes are mental stress, high dietary salt intake and obesity. EH occurs as two major syndromes, each initiated by chronic stress: 1) Stress-and-salt related EH, and 2) Hypertensive obesity. Stress is perceived by the cortex, from which increased dopaminergic (DA) neuron activity stimulates the hypothalamic defense area, raising sympathetic neural activity (SNA) and BP. Normally these subside quickly when the stress is over, but in those susceptible to EH the DA synapses become sensitized so that the defense response is evoked by ever lower levels of stress. Sensitization is common in memory circuits, but not in autonomic neurons, so that this property in EH may be genetically determined. Stress-related hypertension increases hypothalamic responsiveness to high salt, resulting in further rises in SNA and BP. Later, non-neural functional changes (e.g. reduction in nitric oxide) and the structural remodeling of resistance vessels further enhance the vasoconstriction. In contrast, in those developing hypertensive obesity food consumption is excessive, which transiently alleviates stress-related anxiety. The brain ignores the leptin-mediated signals that normally curb appetite, contrasting with normal energy regulation in SSR-EH. In hypertensive obesity, the SNA pattern is similar to that in SSR-EH, but vasoconstriction is masked by vasodilatation and fluid retention due to hyperinsulinemia. This syndrome is a volume overload hypertension, where high cardiac output, renal impairment and other non-neural factors contribute to the elevation of BP. Other topics include the role of various transmitters in autonomic regulation; the place of baroreflexes in the intact organism; why exercise training lowers resting BP; obstructive sleep apnea; non-pharmacological and drug treatment of EH; the role of the kidney in EH and in different types of renal hypertension and the pathogenesis of the Japanese spontaneously hypertensive rat, which provides a valuable animal model for EH. The work suggests that physiological systems analysis in a complex disorder like EH is a valuable tool for using the great advances in molecular biology to best advantage.
Download or read book Hypertension written by Sunil Nadar and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The management of hypertension varies considerably from clinician to clinician. This pocketbook is a concise and evidence-based summary of current understanding and practice, including the most up-to-date guidance from national bodies and their recommendations for hypertension care. An essential tool for everyday use in managing hypertension, this book covers the different phases of investigation and definitive management, and aids clinical decision-making by collating all the relevant information and guidance in one easily accessible place.
Book Synopsis Home Blood Pressure Monitoring by : George S. Stergiou
Download or read book Home Blood Pressure Monitoring written by George S. Stergiou and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-31 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hypertension remains a leading cause of disability and death worldwide. Self-monitoring of blood pressure by patients at home is currently recommended as a valuable tool for the diagnosis and management of hypertension. Unfortunately, in clinical practice, home blood pressure monitoring is often inadequately implemented, mostly due to the use of inaccurate devices and inappropriate methodologies. Thus, the potential of the method to improve the management of hypertension and cardiovascular disease prevention has not yet been exhausted. This volume presents the available evidence on home blood pressure monitoring, discusses its strengths and limitations, and presents strategies for its optimal implementation in clinical practice. Written by distinguished international experts, it offers a complete source of information and guide for practitioners and researchers dealing with the management of hypertension.
Book Synopsis The ESC Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine by : A. John Camm
Download or read book The ESC Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine written by A. John Camm and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 3198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Genetics and Pathophysiology of Essential Hypertension by : Madhu Khullar
Download or read book Genetics and Pathophysiology of Essential Hypertension written by Madhu Khullar and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-03-09 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, authored by renowned researchers in the field of Hypertension Research, details the state of the art knowledge in genetics, genomics and pathophysiology of Essential hypertension, specifically the genetic determinants of hypertension and role of gene variants in response to anti-hypertensive therapy. Two chapters describe mitochondrial mutations in Essential hypertension and in hypertension associated Left ventricular hypertrophy, one chapter reviews in detail the global gene expression in hypertension, and an up to date treatise on pathophysiology of resistant hypertension is detailed in another chapter. Other topics included in the book are end organ damage, baroreceptor sensitivity and role of music therapy in essential hypertension.
Book Synopsis The Pathogenesis of Essential Hypertension by :
Download or read book The Pathogenesis of Essential Hypertension written by and published by . This book was released on 1943 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The ESC Textbook of Vascular Biology by : Rob Krams
Download or read book The ESC Textbook of Vascular Biology written by Rob Krams and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ESC Textbook of Vascular Biology is a rich and clearly laid-out guide by leading European scientists providing comprehensive information on vascular physiology, disease, and research.
Book Synopsis The Nature of Essential Hypertension by : Sir George White Pickering
Download or read book The Nature of Essential Hypertension written by Sir George White Pickering and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Pathogenesis of Essential Hypertension by : Joseph Henry Cort
Download or read book The Pathogenesis of Essential Hypertension written by Joseph Henry Cort and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Essential Hypertension and Its Causes by : Paul I. Korner
Download or read book Essential Hypertension and Its Causes written by Paul I. Korner and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-05-11 with total page 717 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essential hypertension (EH) is the most common type of high blood pressure and is responsible for much death and serious illness, which has been the reason for the huge research effort to determine its causes. However, countless scientific articles still keep proclaiming that "the causese of essential hypertension remain unknown." In view of the number of publications that descend on the hypertension specialist like a waterfall, such proclamations seem to overlook the considerable amount of knowledge that we already have about the etiology of EH. The problem may be a lack of synthesis rather than a lack of information. This book brings together some of this knowledge into a coherent and clinically relevant account about the pathogenesis of EH. With an extremely broad reach, this book aims to give a balanced view of the causes of EH, its neural, genetic, and environmental causes.
Book Synopsis Essentials of Hypertension by : Flávio Danni Fuchs
Download or read book Essentials of Hypertension written by Flávio Danni Fuchs and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-20 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main purpose of this book is to select and present the most essential information about hypertension. It aims to select all the more relevant data to guide the attitudes to prevent, diagnose, and treat hypertension. Hypertension accounts for more than 50% of deaths from stroke and ischemic heart disease worldwide. New blood pressure (BP) diagnostic thresholds for hypertension were released, which were set at 130/80 mmHg. As a consequence, millions of individuals in the world will be diagnosed as hypertensive, recognizing that they are at greater risk of presenting a CV event. Prevention and control of high BP will become the main focus for reducing the burden of CV disease, requiring a changing of cultural beliefs in some way similar to what happened in the last century with smoking. Strategies for prevention of the rising of BP with age, and the BP reduction in individuals already with high levels, are more complex than those related to smoking control. These strategies involve solid evidence to be implemented in populations. The extensive scientific literature dealing with hypertension and BP regulation is among the top dedicated to a single disease. The chapters and contents follow the clinical reasoning pathways. The characterization of the risks of high blood pressure is presented in the first chapter, discussing the evidence that led to changes in diagnostic thresholds and to the recommendations for maintaining BP within these limits in populations. Reasons for BP rising with age will follow, identifying the causes that must be fought to preventing the incidence of hypertension. Diagnosis of hypertension deserves a special chapter. The final chapter presents the fundamentals to select drug and non-drug therapies indicated in the prevention and controlling of high blood pressure.
Book Synopsis Psychobiology of Essential Hypertension by : Herbert Weiner
Download or read book Psychobiology of Essential Hypertension written by Herbert Weiner and published by Elsevier Publishing Company. This book was released on 1979 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Primary Hypertension by : Werner Kaufmann
Download or read book Primary Hypertension written by Werner Kaufmann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some of the leading scientists in the field of hypertension accepted an invi tation to actively participate in an international symposium on primary hypertension. Scientists from 13 countries - from western, southern, and eastern Europe, Australia, and the United States - were present. The meeting was held in Cologne in March 1985. After previous meetings and workshops at Titisee in the Black Forest and several symposia on the renin angiotensin-aldosterone system here in Cologne, this symposium on prima ry hypertension was organized in order to induce and to stimulate critical discussion on the basic pathogenetic mechanisms involved and the recently established therapeutic implications. Numerous studies have been based on the concept that the elevation in blood pressure is mediated by several vasopressor substances. For this reason the renin-angiotensin system has been considered to be the essential endocrine mechanism involved in developing and sustaining arterial hyper tension. Other vasopressor factors, such as catecholamines, vasopressin, and serotonin, have been studied extensively and were assumed to play additional parts in blood pressure regulation. However, several other ap proaches have been initiated in recent years.
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the Joint W. H. O.-Czechoslovak Cardiological Society Symposium on the Pathogenesis of Essential Hypertension by : World Health Organization
Download or read book Proceedings of the Joint W. H. O.-Czechoslovak Cardiological Society Symposium on the Pathogenesis of Essential Hypertension written by World Health Organization and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Pediatric Hypertension by : Joseph Flynn
Download or read book Pediatric Hypertension written by Joseph Flynn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-26 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of pediatric hypertension has undergone important changes in the time since the second edition of Pediatric Hypertension published. Much new information on hypertension in the young has become available. Previous chapters have been fully revised and new chapters have been added to cover important topics of recent interest such as consensus recommendations, the prevalence of hypertension in the young due to the obesity epidemic, studies of antihypertensive agents, and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Pediatric Hypertension, Third Edition is a comprehensive volume featuring 38 chapters covering the breadth of the current knowledge. It is divided into four sections: Regulation of Blood Pressure in Children; Assessment of Blood Pressure in Children: Measurement, Normative Data, Epidemiology; and Hypertension in Children: Predictors, Risk Factors, and Special Populations; Evaluation and Management of Pediatric Hypertension. Filled with the most up-to-date information, Pediatric Hypertension, Third Edition is an invaluable resource for clinicians and researchers interested in childhood hypertension.
Book Synopsis Diabetes and Hypertension by : Samy I. McFarlane
Download or read book Diabetes and Hypertension written by Samy I. McFarlane and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-19 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diabetes and hypertension have evolved as two of the modern day epidemics affecting millions of people around the world. These two common co-morbidities lead to substantial increase in cardiovascular disease, the major cause of morbidity and mortality of adults around the world. In Diabetes and Hypertension: Evaluation and Management, a panel of renowned experts address a range of critical topics -- from basic concepts in evaluation and management of diabetes and hypertension, such as dietary interventions, to evaluation and management of secondary hypertension in clinical practice. Other chapters focus on high cardiovascular risk populations such as those with coronary heart disease, chronic kidney disease and minority patients. In addition, evolving concepts and new developments in the field are presented in other chapters, such as prevention of type 2 diabetes and the epidemic of sleep apnea and its implication for diabetes and hypertension evaluation and management. An important title covering two of the most troubling disorders of our time, Diabetes and Hypertension: Evaluation and Management will provide the busy practitioner with cutting edge knowledge in the field as well as practical information that can translate into better care provided to the high-risk population of diabetics and hypertensive patients.
Book Synopsis From Hypertension to Heart Failure by : Michael Böhm
Download or read book From Hypertension to Heart Failure written by Michael Böhm and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease and heart fail ure are the commonest cardiovascular conditions to present in clinical practice. Over the past few years it has become in creasingly clear that they are closely and causally interrelated and that their relationship can have a significant bearing on prognosis. Epidemiological studies have shown that arterial hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for de veloping heart failure. Only one in four patients with hyper tension is adequately managed, and in 50% of cases, the hypertension has not been recognised or treated. Patients with pre-existing hypertension who go on to suffer an acute myocardial infarction have usually not previously had typi cal angina symptoms, the infarct territory is larger, life threatening arrhythmias are commoner and hence in-hospi tal mortality and long-term prognosis are markedly worse. The presence of raised blood pressure in the post-infarct phase doubles the risk of manifest heart failure. The close relationship between hypertension, coronary heart disease and heart failure makes the choice of therapeu tic strategy particularly important. Agents and classes of agents that have prognostic value in all three conditions should be considered first, as synergy might result in addi tional benefits. In such patients, this sort of therapeutic deci sion-making might have further advantages. The use of these agents may prevent complications which are not yet clinically obvious (such as heart failure).
