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The Palmer Raids
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Book Synopsis The Palmer Raids, 1919-1920 by : Edwin Palmer Hoyt
Download or read book The Palmer Raids, 1919-1920 written by Edwin Palmer Hoyt and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recounts the events and results of the 1919-1920 raids, led by Attorney General Palmer, to rid the country of aliens, Communists, and anarchists.
Book Synopsis The Palmer Raids by : Charles River Editors
Download or read book The Palmer Raids written by Charles River Editors and published by . This book was released on 2019-12-09 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *Includes pictures *Includes excerpts of contemporary accounts *Includes a bibliography for further reading "The war power is of necessity an inherent power in every sovereign nation. It is the power of self-reservation and that power has no limits other than the extent of the emergency." - Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer, December 1918 While the period from 1945-1955 was the longest and most extensive period of time in American history when a fear of communism gripped the country, it was not the first. World War I was the first major foreign conflict the U.S. was involved in, after being safe behind the Atlantic Ocean, and Americans were now afraid of espionage and sabotage. As a result, people of German descent came under suspicion, and this subjected innocent German-Americans to mob violence, much of it perpetrated by a vigilante group called the American Protective League (APL), which had a quarter of a million members dedicated to rooting out German spies. When they did not find enough, they turned their sights on homegrown subversives, namely the International Workers of the World, the "Wobblies." With the end of the war, concern over German subversives was replaced with concerns over communist subversives. By 1919, the Bolshevik Revolution had spread throughout Central Europe and seemed to threaten the rest of the world. In America, newspaper stories openly worried about a similar revolution in the country. A rash of strikes fed fears that class warfare, fomented by foreign communist forces, would break out at any moment. In this powder keg, all that was needed was a spark to create full-blown hysteria, and the spark came on June 2, 1919, when the home of Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer was bombed, injuring Palmer and killing the bomber. The anarchist leaflets he was carrying were scattered in the bomb debris, and this attack on his home prompted Palmer, who had been a reformist Quaker, to launch an all-out war against left-wing radicals. In the process, the Attorney General, who had already been impressed with a self-confident and energetic young man named J. Edgar Hoover, put him in charge of the battle against radicalism. The Red Scare had begun in earnest. Palmer decided that the way to eliminate the radical threat in America was to get rid of the radicals by deporting them en masse out of the country. There were just two problems with Palmer's solution: most "radicals" were American citizens and not aliens, and the Justice Department had no authority to deport aliens for radical activities. Undeterred, Palmer set up the General Intelligence Division (GID) under Hoover, who set about collecting and organizing information (both factual and unsubstantiated rumors) about radical organizations and individuals that came in from state, local, and federal agencies. One of the first things Hoover did, drawing on his library experience, was to set up a card index listing every radical individual and organization in the country. In short order, the number of cards had grown to 450,000. The raids succeeded in rounding up 10,000 people, many at meetings open to the general public. The problems inherent in this approach were apparent several days later when almost 5,000 had to be released because they were either not Communist Party members or because they were otherwise law-abiding citizens. Those who remained in custody were questioned using "third degree" tactics of intimidation and forced to sign statements regardless of their accuracy. While the investigators were obtaining the evidence necessary to deport dangerous radicals, Hoover initiated a carefully orchestrated publicity campaign designed to inflame fears of the radicals among the American public. This was the first time Hoover engaged in such activities, and from it he learned the value of public opinion in law enforcement. It was a lesson he would carry with him when he became Director of the FBI.
Download or read book Red Scare written by Robert K. Murray and published by U of Minnesota Press. This book was released on 1955-01-01 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Red Scare was first published in 1955. Minnesota Archive Editions uses digital technology to make long-unavailable books once again accessible, and are published unaltered from the original University of Minnesota Press editions. Few periods in American history have been so dramatic, so fraught with mystery, or so bristling with fear and hysteria as were the days of the great Red Scare that followed World War I. For sheer excitement, it would be difficult to find a more absorbing tale than the one told here. The famous Palmer raids of that era are still remembered as one of the most fantastic miscarriages of justice ever perpetrated upon the nation. The violent labor strife still makes those who lived through it shudder as they recall the Seattle general strike and Boston police strike, the great coal and steel strikes, and the bomb plots, shootings, and riots that accompanied these conflicts. But, exciting as the story may be, it has far greater significance than merely that of a lively tale. For, just as American was swept by a wave of unreasoning fear and was swayed by sensational propaganda in those days, so are we being tormented by similar tensions in the present climate of the cold war. The objective analysis of the great Red Scare which Mr. Murray provides should go a long way toward helping us to avert some of the tragic consequences that the nation suffered a generation ago before hysteria and fear had finally run their course. The author traces the roots of the phenomenon, relates the outstanding events of the Scare, and evaluates the significant effects of the hysteria upon subsequent American life.
Download or read book The New Majority written by and published by . This book was released on 1922 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Palmer Raids and the Red Scare: 1918-1920 by : Nick Shepley
Download or read book The Palmer Raids and the Red Scare: 1918-1920 written by Nick Shepley and published by Andrews UK Limited. This book was released on 2015-12-07 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume of the Explaining Modern History Series, Nick Shepley explores the roots of American anti Communism and how a strong and independent left wing movement in the USA was broken during and immediately after World War One. Essential reading for anyone trying to make sense of America in the 1920s and beyond.
Book Synopsis The Palmer Raids of 1919-1920 by : Robert Douglas Warth
Download or read book The Palmer Raids of 1919-1920 written by Robert Douglas Warth and published by . This book was released on 1945 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Seeing Reds by : Charles H. McCormick
Download or read book Seeing Reds written by Charles H. McCormick and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 2010-06-15 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During World War I, fear that a network of German spies was operating on American soil justified the rapid growth of federal intelligence agencies. When that threat proved illusory, these agencies, staffed heavily by corporate managers and anti-union private detectives, targeted antiwar and radical labor groups, particularly the Socialist party and the Industrial Workers of the World.Seeing Reds, based largely on case files from the Bureau of Investigation, Military Intelligence Division, and Office of Naval Intelligence, describes this formative period of federal domestic spying in the Pittsburgh region. McCormick traces the activities of L. M. Wendell, a Bureau of Investigation "special employee" who infiltrated the IWW's Pittsburgh recruiting branch and the inner circle of anarchist agitator and lawyer Jacob Margolis. Wendell and other Pittsbugh based agents spied on radical organizations from Erie, Pennsylvania, to Camp Lee, Virginia, intervened in the steel and coal strikes of 1919, and carried out the Palmer raids aimed at mass deportation of members of the Union of Russian Workers and the New Communist Party.McCormick's detailed history uses extensive research to add to our understanding of the security state, cold war ideology, labor and immigration history, and the rise of the authoritarian American Left, as well as the career paths of figures as diverse as J. Edgar Hoover and William Z. Foster.
Author :Labor Research Association (U.S.) Publisher :New York : International Publishers ISBN 13 : Total Pages :92 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (44 download)
Book Synopsis The Palmer Raids by : Labor Research Association (U.S.)
Download or read book The Palmer Raids written by Labor Research Association (U.S.) and published by New York : International Publishers. This book was released on 1948 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Deportation Nation by : Daniel Kanstroom
Download or read book Deportation Nation written by Daniel Kanstroom and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2010-03-15 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The danger of deportation hangs over the head of virtually every noncitizen in the United States. In the complexities and inconsistencies of immigration law, one can find a reason to deport almost any noncitizen at almost any time. In recent years, the system has been used with unprecedented vigor against millions of deportees. We are a nation of immigrants--but which ones do we want, and what do we do with those that we don't? These questions have troubled American law and politics since colonial times. Deportation Nation is a chilling history of communal self-idealization and self-protection. The post-Revolutionary Alien and Sedition Laws, the Fugitive Slave laws, the Indian "removals," the Chinese Exclusion Act, the Palmer Raids, the internment of the Japanese Americans--all sought to remove those whose origins suggested they could never become "true" Americans. And for more than a century, millions of Mexicans have conveniently served as cheap labor, crossing a border that was not official until the early twentieth century and being sent back across it when they became a burden. By illuminating the shadowy corners of American history, Daniel Kanstroom shows that deportation has long been a legal tool to control immigrants' lives and is used with increasing crudeness in a globalized but xenophobic world.
Book Synopsis Little 'Red Scares' by : Professor Robert Justin Goldstein
Download or read book Little 'Red Scares' written by Professor Robert Justin Goldstein and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anti-communism has long been a potent force in American politics, capable of gripping both government and popular attention. Nowhere is this more evident that the two great 'red scares' of 1919-20 and 1946-54; the latter generally - if somewhat inaccurately - termed McCarthyism. The interlude between these two major scares has tended to garner less attention, but as this volume makes clear, the lingering effects of 1919-20 and the gathering storm-clouds of 'McCarthyism' were clearly visible throughout the 20s and 30s, even if in a more low-key way. Indeed, the period between the two great red scares was marked by frequent instances of political repression, often justified on anti-communist grounds, at local, state and federal levels. Yet these events have been curiously neglected in the history of American political repression and anti-communism, perhaps because much of the material deals with events scattered in time and space which never reached the intensity of the two great scares. By focusing on this twenty-five year 'interim' period, the essays in this collection bridge the gap between the two high-profile 'red scares' thus offering a much more contextualised and fluid narrative for American anti-communism. In so doing the rationale and motivations for the 'red scares' can be seen as part of an evolving political landscape, rather than as isolated bouts of hysteria exploding onto - and then vanishing from - the political scene. Instead, a much more nuanced appreciation of the conflicting interests and fears of government, politicians, organised labour, free-speech advocates, employers, and the press is offered, which will be of interest to anyone wishing to better understand the political history of modern America.
Book Synopsis Threat of Dissent by : Julia Rose Kraut
Download or read book Threat of Dissent written by Julia Rose Kraut and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2020-07-21 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this first comprehensive overview of the intersection of immigration law and the First Amendment, a lawyer and historian traces ideological exclusion and deportation in the United States from the Alien Friends Act of 1798 to the evolving policies of the Trump administration. Beginning with the Alien Friends Act of 1798, the United States passed laws in the name of national security to bar or expel foreigners based on their beliefs and associations—although these laws sometimes conflict with First Amendment protections of freedom of speech and association or contradict America’s self-image as a nation of immigrants. The government has continually used ideological exclusions and deportations of noncitizens to suppress dissent and radicalism throughout the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, from the War on Anarchy to the Cold War to the War on Terror. In Threat of Dissent—the first social, political, and legal history of ideological exclusion and deportation in the United States—Julia Rose Kraut delves into the intricacies of major court decisions and legislation without losing sight of the people involved. We follow the cases of immigrants and foreign-born visitors, including activists, scholars, and artists such as Emma Goldman, Ernest Mandel, Carlos Fuentes, Charlie Chaplin, and John Lennon. Kraut also highlights lawyers, including Clarence Darrow and Carol Weiss King, as well as organizations, like the ACLU and PEN America, who challenged the constitutionality of ideological exclusions and deportations under the First Amendment. The Supreme Court, however, frequently interpreted restrictions under immigration law and upheld the government’s authority. By reminding us of the legal vulnerability foreigners face on the basis of their beliefs, expressions, and associations, Kraut calls our attention to the ways that ideological exclusion and deportation reflect fears of subversion and serve as tools of political repression in the United States.
Book Synopsis The Case of Sacco and Vanzetti by : Felix Frankfurter
Download or read book The Case of Sacco and Vanzetti written by Felix Frankfurter and published by . This book was released on 1927 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On April 15, 1920, Parmenter, a paymaster, and Berardelli, his guard, were fired upon and killed. Sacco and Vanzetti were charged on May 5, 1920, with the crime of the murders, were indicted on September 14, 1920, and put to trial May 31, 1921, at Dedham, Norfolk County, Massachusetts. compare pages [3]-8.
Download or read book Storming Zion written by Stuart A. Wright and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Wright and Palmer explore the implications of heightened state repression and control of minority religions in an increasingly multicultural, globalized world."--Back cover.
Book Synopsis Young J. Edgar by : Kenneth Ackerman
Download or read book Young J. Edgar written by Kenneth Ackerman and published by Kenneth Ackerman. This book was released on 2011-09-27 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On June 2, 1919, bombs exploded simultaneously in nine American cities. One destroyed the home of the Attorney General of the United States, A. Mitchell Palmer. In the aftermath of World War I, America faced a new enemy-radical communism. Palmer vowed a crackdown, and, to lead it, he chose his youngest assistant, twenty-four year-old J. Edgar Hoover. Under Palmer's wing, Hoover helped execute a series of brutal nationwide raids, bursting into homes without warning, arresting over 10,000 Americans and assembling secret files on hundreds of thousands of suspects and political enemies. A handful of lawyers like Clarence Darrow and future Supreme Court Justices Felix Frankfurter and Harlan Fisk Stone dared to defend accused radicals in the name of free speech and civil liberties. YOUNG J. EDGAR brings to life Palmer's raids and Hoover 's coming of age, a metaphor on post-9/11 America. It reaches the heart of our current debate on personal freedoms in a time of war and fear. Editorial Reviews "[F]eatures demagogues; terrorists; a gullible, xenophobic public; rogue law enforcement officials; and good guys, both in and out of government, who discredit the raids. Ackerman captures well the pathological character of the young Hoover.... " -Publishers Weekly "[A] history to savor." -- Richmond Times-Dispatch Ackerman ("Boss Tweed") does an outstanding job portraying the Teflon quality of Hoover.... 'Young J. Edgar' is a book that demonstrates forcefully the corrupting nature of power in the hands of flawed government officials. It's panoramic, detailed and extremely timely. -- Huntington News As hard as Mr. Ackerman is on Hoover, he does not demonize him.... [A] chilling account of how the rule of law in a war on terror can be subverted into a war of terror. --New York Sun "Ackerman's extremely well-written and thoroughly researched history ... convincingly refuted Hoover's dishonest effort to minimize his own central role in promoting the first Red Scare of the World War I and early 1920s era." -- Athan Theoharis, Emeritus Professor at Marquette University and author of The FBI and American Democracy, and The Quest for Absolute Security.
Book Synopsis A. Mitchell Palmer by : Stanley Coben
Download or read book A. Mitchell Palmer written by Stanley Coben and published by Da Capo Press, Incorporated. This book was released on 1972-02-21 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis From the Palmer Raids to the Patriot Act by : Christopher M. Finan
Download or read book From the Palmer Raids to the Patriot Act written by Christopher M. Finan and published by Beacon Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After Upton Sinclair, famed author of The Jungle, was arrested for reading the First Amendment on Liberty Hill in 1923, The Nation commented: "When we contemplate the antics of the chief of police of Los Angeles, we are deterred from characterizing him as an ass only through fear that such a comparison would lay us open to damages from every self-respecting donkey." In this lively history of our most fundamental and perhaps most vulnerable right, Chris Finan traces the lifeline of free speech from the War on Terror back to the turn of the last century. During the YMCA's 1892 Suppression of Vice campaign, muttonchopped moralist Anthony Comstock railed against writings by that "Irish smut dealer" George Bernard Shaw. In the midst of the country's first Red Scare, the government rounded up thousands of Russian Americans for deportation during the Palmer raids. Decades later, a second Red Scare gripped the country as Senator Joseph McCarthy spearheaded a witch-hunt for "egg-sucking liberals" who defended "Communists and queers." Finan's dramatic review of such touchstones as the Scopes trial and Edward R. Murrow's challenge to Joseph McCarthy are revelatory; many of his narratives are entirely fresh and have as much relevance to our postndash;PATRIOT Act world as his final chapter on the twenty-first century. The story of the fight for free speech, in times of war and peace-when writers, publishers, booksellers, and librarians are often on the front lines-is essential reading. "Christopher Finan has given us a marvelously readable account of the struggle for free speech in the United States. Beginning with the birth of the American civil liberties movement during World War I, Finan traces the often grueling battles over free speech in wartime, book censorhip, McCarthyism, and freedom of the press that have marked the gradual evolution of American freedom. It is a story every American should know, for it is our nation's greatest achievement." -Geoffrey R. Stone, author of Perilous Times: Free Speech in Wartime from The Sedition Act of 1798 to The War on Terrorism "The Founding Fathers gave us the First Amendment, but we have had to fight for free speech. Radicals, reactionaries, feminists, religious zealots, African Americans, Klansmen, college students, even schoolchildren, have played a role in expanding free speech. They are all present in Chris Finan's colorful narrative, which shows how much progress we have made-and how far we have to go." -Nadine Strossen, President of the American Civil Liberties Union and Professor of Law, New York Law School "In this masterful work, Chris Finan deftly chronicles the challenges to free speech in the twentieth century; an accessible, thought provoking history that not only informs, but also engages the reader." -Joyce Meskis, Owner, Tattered Cover Book Store, Denver "Concisely detailed and researched, From the Palmer Raids to the Patriot Act reads like high powered fiction. Characters as diverse as Roger Baldwin, Bernie Sanders, Allen Ginsberg, Fatty Arbuckle, Jane Russell, Anthony Comstock, John Ashcroft and Dwight Eisenhower share the stage to tell the tale of a nation at odds with its Puritan heritage. A timely addition to bookshelves as the United States wrestles with issues of privacy and personal freedoms in an age of terrorism tied to an unpopular war." -Kenton Oliver, Intellectual Freedom Committee Chair, the American Library Association "American history is marred by recurrent episodes of hate-Red scares, super-patriotism, fear of sexual expression. Christopher Finan brilliantly paints that record, and shows how courageous Americans have fought for freedom." -Anthony Lewis, author of Gideon's Trumpet and Make No Law Chris Finan is the president of the American Booksell
Book Synopsis The Palmer Raids. Edited by Robert W. Dunn by : Labor Research Association (UNITED STATES OF AMERICA)
Download or read book The Palmer Raids. Edited by Robert W. Dunn written by Labor Research Association (UNITED STATES OF AMERICA) and published by . This book was released on 1948 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
