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The Numi Proton Beam At Fermilab Successes And Challenges
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Book Synopsis The NuMI Proton Beam at Fermilab Successes and Challenges by :
Download or read book The NuMI Proton Beam at Fermilab Successes and Challenges written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NuMI beam at Fermilab has delivered over 5 x 102° 120 GeV protons to the neutrino production target since the start for MINOS [1] neutrino oscillation experiment operation in 2005. We report on proton beam commissioning and operation status, including successes and challenges with this beam.
Book Synopsis Modeling of the Primary Proton Beamline of the Fermilab NuMI Project by :
Download or read book Modeling of the Primary Proton Beamline of the Fermilab NuMI Project written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 120 GeV primary proton beamline for the NuMI-MINOS [1] experiment at Fermilab will transport one of the most intense high-energy beams ever constructed. in parallel operation with the Collider program, 80% of the intensity capability of the Fermilab Main Injector can be sent to NuMI. Radiation safety pertaining to residual activity, damage of equipment and irradiation of groundwater is a primary concern. A particular challenge is that this beam will be transported to and targeted in a cavern excavated in rock in an aquifer region. A model of the beamline, including transport elements and excavated enclosures, has been built in the radiation simulation program MARS. This model has been used to determine limits for allowable beam loss, and to study effects of instabilities and of various failure types. Some results obtained with this model are presented.
Book Synopsis The NuMI Neutrino Beam at Fermilab by : Sacha E. Kopp
Download or read book The NuMI Neutrino Beam at Fermilab written by Sacha E. Kopp and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fermilab Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Plans for a Proton Driver at Fermilab by :
Download or read book Plans for a Proton Driver at Fermilab written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last several years, stunning experimental results have established that neutrinos have nonzero masses and substantial mixing. The Standard Model must be extended to accommodate neutrino mass terms. The observation that neutrino masses and mass splittings are all many orders of magnitude smaller than those of any of the other fundamental fermions suggests radically new physics, perhaps originating at the GUT or Planck Scale, or perhaps the existence of new spatial dimensions. In some sense we know that the Standard Model is broken, but we don't know how it is broken. Whatever the origin of the observed neutrino masses and mixing, it is likely to require a profound extension to our picture of the physical world. The first steps in understanding this revolutionary new physics are to pin down the measurable parameters and to address the next round of basic questions: (1) Are there only three neutrino flavors, or do light, sterile neutrinos exist? (2) If there are only three generations, there is one angle (?13) in the mixing matrix that is unmeasured. How large is it? (3) Which of the two possible orderings of the neutrino mass eigenstates applies? (4) If?13 is large enough one it may be possible to measure the quantum-mechanical phase?. If?13 and? are non-zero there will be CP violation in the lepton sector. These questions can be addressed by accelerator based neutrino oscillation experiments. The answers will guide our understanding of what lies beyond the Standard Model, and whether the new physics provides an explanation for the baryon asymmetry of the Universe (via leptogenesis), or provides deep insight into the connection between quark and lepton properties (via Grand Unified Theories), or perhaps leads to an understanding of one of the most profound questions in physics: Why are there three generations of quarks and leptons? The answers may well further challenge our picture of the physical world, and will certainly have important implications for our understanding of cosmology and the evolution of the early Universe. The current Fermilab Program is an important part of the world-wide accelerator based effort to explore and understand the physics of neutrino oscillations. By early 2005, with both MINOS and MiniBooNE taking data, Fermilab will be able to answer some of the most pressing first-round questions raised by the discovery that neutrinos have mass. Fermilab's high-intensity neutrino beams are derived from 8- and 120-GeV proton beams. MiniBooNE is currently taking data using 8 GeV Protons from the Booster. The 120 GeV NuMI beam will start to operate in early 2005 using a 0.25 MW proton beam power from the Main Injector. Future neutrino programs will build on these existing facilities. New short and long baseline experiments have been proposed. There are proposals to increase the available number of protons at 8 and 120 GeV with the goal of addressing the full range of questions presented by neutrino oscillations. Key to that vision is a new intense proton source that usually is referred to as the Proton Driver.
Book Synopsis Challenges to the Fermilab Linac and Booster Accelerators by :
Download or read book Challenges to the Fermilab Linac and Booster Accelerators written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A report on the challenges confronting the Fermilab Linac and Booster accelerators is presented. Plans to face those challenges are discussed. Historically, the Linac/Booster system has served only as an injector for the relatively low repetition rate Main Ring synchrotron. With construction of an 8 GeV target station for the 5 Hz MiniBooNE neutrino beam and requirements for rapid multi-batch injection into the Main Injector for the NUMI/MINOS experiment, the demand for 8 GeV protons will increase more than an order of magnitude above recent high levels. To meet this challenge, enhanced ion source performance, better Booster orbit control, a beam loss collimation/localization system, and improved diagnostics are among the items being pursued. Booster beam loss reduction and control are key to the entire near future Fermilab high energy physics program.
Book Synopsis Improvement Plans of Fermilab's Proton Accelerator Complex by :
Download or read book Improvement Plans of Fermilab's Proton Accelerator Complex written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The flagship of Fermilab's long term research program is the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), located Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, South Dakota, which will study neutrino oscillations with a baseline of 1300 km. The neutrinos will be produced in the Long Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF), a proposed new beam line from Fermilab's Main Injector. The physics goals of the DUNE require a proton beam with a power of some 2.4 MW at 120 GeV, which is roughly four times the current maximum power. Here I discuss current performance of the Fermilab proton accelerator complex, our plans for construction of the SRF proton linac as key part of the Proton Improvement Plan-II (PIP-II), outline the main challenges toward multi-MW beam power operation of the Fermilab accelerator complex and the staged plan to achieve the required performance over the next 15 years.
Book Synopsis NuMI Proton Beam Diagnostics and Control by :
Download or read book NuMI Proton Beam Diagnostics and Control written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NuMI proton beam at Fermilab currently delivers 120 GeV protons to the neutrino production target with design beam power capability to 400 kW. Upgrade capability to 700 kW is being prepared, with planning toward delivering 2.3 MW beam provided by the Project X accelerator upgrade plan. We report on the system of beam diagnostics and control used in operation of the NuMI beam. Also considered are the steps to provide a robust system for transport and targeting beam of 2 MW and beyond.
Download or read book Fermilab written by Lillian Hoddeson and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-08-01 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, located in the western suburbs of Chicago, has stood at the frontier of high-energy physics for forty years. Fermilab is the first history of this laboratory and of its powerful accelerators told from the point of view of the people who built and used them for scientific discovery. Focusing on the first two decades of research at Fermilab, during the tenure of the laboratory’s charismatic first two directors, Robert R. Wilson and Leon M. Lederman, the book traces the rise of what they call “megascience,” the collaborative struggle to conduct large-scale international experiments in a climate of limited federal funding. In the midst of this new climate, Fermilab illuminates the growth of the modern research laboratory during the Cold War and captures the drama of human exploration at the cutting edge of science.
Book Synopsis Fermilab At 50 by : Swapan Chattopadhyay
Download or read book Fermilab At 50 written by Swapan Chattopadhyay and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2017-10-13 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'A light read, this book will appeal to all the scientists who at some point in their career stepped on the floor of Fermilab. It will also appeal to those readers who are interested in discovering more about the history of the laboratory through the records of the people who participated in it, whether it was directly or indirectly.'CERN CourierFermilab — originally called the National Accelerator Laboratory — began operations in Illinois on June 15, 1967. Operated and managed by The University of Chicago and Universities Research Association, LLC for the US Department of Energy, it has the distinction of being the only US national laboratory solely dedicated to the advancement of high-energy particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology. It has been the site of major discoveries and observations: the top and bottom quarks; the tau neutrino; direct CP violation in kaon decays; a quasar 27 billion light years away from us; origin of high-energy cosmic rays; and confirmation of the evidence of dark energy, among others. For 25 years it operated the world's highest energy particle collider, the Tevatron. Fermilab contributed collaboratively to the Tevatron's successor, the Large Hadron Collider, which discovered the Higgs boson in 2012. Fermilab's core competencies in accelerators, superconducting technologies, detectors and computing have positioned the laboratory for a bright future at the frontiers of science. Today Fermilab scientists, engineers, technicians together with partners from 50 countries are working to explore the nature of the elusive neutrino, enable future x-ray photon science facilities, and construct and exploit higher-energy and higher-intensity particle accelerators. Fermilab is a designated 'American Physical Society Historic Site'.In this commemorative volume, scientific leaders from around the world celebrate Fermilab's 50th anniversary with thoughts on the laboratory's past, present and future.
Book Synopsis Fermilab Research Program Workbook by :
Download or read book Fermilab Research Program Workbook written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Executive Summary of Major NuMI Lessons Learned by :
Download or read book Executive Summary of Major NuMI Lessons Learned written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have gained tremendous experience with the NuMI Project on what was a new level of neutrino beams from a high power proton source. We expect to build on that experience for any new long baseline neutrino beam. In particular, we have learned about some things which have worked well and/or where the experience is fairly directly applicable to the next project (e.g., similar civil construction issues including: tunneling, service buildings, outfitting, and potential claims/legal issues). Some things might be done very differently (e.g., decay pipe, windows, target, beam dump, and precision of power supply control/monitoring). The NuMI experience does lead to identification of critical items for any future such project, and what issues it will be important to address. The DUSEL Beamline Working Group established at Fermilab has been meeting weekly to collect and discuss information from that NuMI experience. This document attempts to assemble much of that information in one place. In this Executive Summary, we group relevant discussion of some of the major issues and lessons learned under seven categories: (1) Differences Between the NuMI Project and Any Next Project; (2) The Process of Starting Up the Project; (3) Decision and Review Processes; (4) ES & H: Environment, Safety, and Health; (5) Local Community Buy-In; (6) Transition from Project Status to Operation; and (7) Some Lessons on Technical Elements. We concentrate here on internal project management issues, including technical areas that require special attention. We cannot ignore, however, two major external management problems that plagued the NuMI project. The first problem was the top-down imposition of an unrealistic combination of scope, cost, and schedule. This situation was partially corrected by a rebaselining. However, the full, desirable scope was never achievable. The second problem was a crippling shortage of resources. Critical early design work could not be done in a timely fashion, leading to schedule delays, inefficiencies, and corrective actions. The Working Group discussions emphasized that early planning and up-front appreciation of the problems ahead are very important for minimizing the cost and for the greatest success of any such project. Perhaps part of the project approval process should re-enforce this need. The cost of all this up-front work is now reflected in the DOE cost of any project we do. If we are being held to an upper limit on the project cost, the only thing available for compromise is the eventual project scope.
Book Synopsis Targetry Issues for the Fermilab 2-MW Neutrino Superbeam by :
Download or read book Targetry Issues for the Fermilab 2-MW Neutrino Superbeam written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The possibility to use various target materials are studied for a 2 MW neutrino superbeam facility that can be built at Fermilab utilizing the Main Injector and a Proton Driver. A simple target solution found is a thick graphite rod taking a broad proton beam.
Book Synopsis The NuMI Neutrino Beam at Fermilab by :
Download or read book The NuMI Neutrino Beam at Fermilab written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Neutrinos at the Main Injector (NuMI) facility at Fermilab began operations in late 2004. NuMI will deliver an intense [nu]{sub {mu}} beam of variable energy (2-20 GeV) directed into the Earth at 58 mrad for short (≈1km) and long (≈700-900 km) baseline experiments. Several aspects of the design and results from early commissioning runs are reviewed.
Download or read book Design of the LBNF Beamline written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract is not provided.
Book Synopsis Particle Physics Reference Library by : Christian W. Fabjan
Download or read book Particle Physics Reference Library written by Christian W. Fabjan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020 with total page 1083 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second open access volume of the handbook series deals with detectors, large experimental facilities and data handling, both for accelerator and non-accelerator based experiments. It also covers applications in medicine and life sciences. A joint CERN-Springer initiative, the "Particle Physics Reference Library" provides revised and updated contributions based on previously published material in the well-known Landolt-Boernstein series on particle physics, accelerators and detectors (volumes 21A, B1,B2,C), which took stock of the field approximately one decade ago. Central to this new initiative is publication under full open access
Book Synopsis Beam Intensity Upgrade at Fermilab by : A. Marchionni
Download or read book Beam Intensity Upgrade at Fermilab written by A. Marchionni and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The performance of the Fermilab proton accelerator complex is reviewed. The coming into operation of the NuMI neutrino line and the implementation of slip-stacking to increase the anti-proton production rate has pushed the total beam intensity in the Main Injector up to {approx} 3 x 10{sup 13} protons/pulse. A maximum beam power of 270 kW has been delivered on the NuMI target during the first year of operation. A plan is in place to increase it to 350 kW, in parallel with the operation of the Collider program. As more machines of the Fermilab complex become available with the termination of the Collider operation, a set of upgrades are being planned to reach first 700 kW and then 1.2 MW by reducing the Main Injector cycle time and by implementing proton stacking.
