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The Not Very Patrilocal European Neolithic
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Book Synopsis The Not Very Patrilocal European Neolithic by : Bradley E. Ensor
Download or read book The Not Very Patrilocal European Neolithic written by Bradley E. Ensor and published by Archaeopress Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2021-09-30 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two decades of strontium isotope research on Neolithic European burials – reinforced by high-profile ancient DNA studies – has led to widespread interpretations that these were patrilocal societies, implying significant residential mobility for women. This volume questions that narrative from a social anthropological perspective on kinship.
Download or read book Going West? written by Agathe Reingruber and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-04-21 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Going West? uses the latest data to question how the Neolithic way of life was diffused from the Near East to Europe via Anatolia. The transformations of the 7th millennium BC in western Anatolia undoubtedly had a significant impact on the neighboring regions of southeast Europe. Yet the nature, pace and trajectory of this impact needs still to be clarified. Archaeologists searched previously for similarities in prehistoric, especially Early Neolithic, material cultures on both sides of the Sea of Marmara. Recent research shows that although the isthmi of the Dardanelles and the Bosporus connect Asia Minor and the eastern Balkans, they apparently did not serve as passageways for the dissemination of Neolithic innovations. Instead, the first permanent settlements are situated near the Aegean coast of Thrace and Macedonia, often occurring close to the mouths of big rivers in secluded bays. The courses and the valleys of rivers such as the Maritsa, Strymon and Axios, were perfect corridors for contact and exchange.Using previous studies as a basis for fresh research, this volume presents exciting new viewpoints by analyzing recently discovered materials and utilising interdisciplinary investigations with the application of modern research methods. The seventeen authors of this book have dedicated their research to a renewed evaluation of an old problem: namely, the question of how the complex transformations at the transition from the Mesolithic to the Neolithic can be explained. They have focused their studies on the vast area of the eastern Balkans and the Pontic region between the Bosporus and the rivers Strymon, Danube and Dniestr. Going West? thus offers an overview of the current state of research concerning the Neolithisation of these areas, considering varied viewpoints and also providing useful starting points for future investigations.
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture by : J. P. Mallory
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture written by J. P. Mallory and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1997 with total page 890 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture is a major new reference work that provides full, inclusive coverage of the major Indo-European language stocks, their origins, and the range of the reconstructed Proto-Indo-European language. The Encyclopedia also includes numerous entries on archaeological cultures having some relationship to the origin and dispersal of Indo-European groups -- as well as entries on some of the major issues in Indo-European cultural studies.There are two kinds of entries in the Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture: a) those that are devoted to archaeology, culture, or the various Indo -European languages; and b) those that are devoted to the reconstruction of Proto-Indo-European words.Entries may be accessed either via the General Index or the List of Topics: Entries by Category where all individual reconstructed head-forms can also be found. Reference may also be made to the Language Indices.In order to make the book as accessible as possible to the non-specialist, the Editors have provided a list of Abbreviations and Definitions, which includes a number of definitions of specialist terms (primarily linguistic) with which readers may not be acquainted. As the writing systems of many Indo-European groups vary considerably in terms of phonological representation, there is also included a list of Phonetic Definitions.With more than 700 entries, written by specialists from around the world, the Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture has become an essential reference text in this field.
Book Synopsis Ancient DNA and the European Neolithic by : Alasdair Whittle
Download or read book Ancient DNA and the European Neolithic written by Alasdair Whittle and published by Oxbow Books. This book was released on 2023-02-28 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current paradigm-changing ancient DNA revolution is offering unparalleled insights into central problems within archaeology relating to the movement of populations and individuals, patterns of descent, relationships and aspects of identity – at many scales and of many different kinds. The impact of recent ancient DNA results can be seen particularly clearly in studies of the European Neolithic, the subject of contributions presented in this volume. We now have new evidence for the movement and mixture of people at the start of the Neolithic, as farming spread from the east, and at its end, when the first metals as well as novel styles of pottery and burial practices arrived in the Chalcolithic. In addition, there has been a wealth of new data to inform complex questions of identities and relationships. The terms of archaeological debate for this period have been permanently altered, leaving us with many issues. This volume stems from the online day conference of the Neolithic Studies Group held in November 2021, which aimed to bring geneticists and archaeologists together in the same forum, and to enable critical but constructive inter-disciplinary debate about key themes arising from the application of advanced ancient DNA analysis to the study of the European Neolithic. The resulting papers gathered here are by both geneticists and archaeologists. Individually, they form a series of significant, up-to-date, period and regional syntheses of various manifestations of the Neolithic across the Near East and Europe, including particularly Britain and Ireland. Together, they offer wide-ranging reflections on the progress of ancient DNA studies, and on their future reach and character.
Book Synopsis Ancestral Journeys: The Peopling of Europe from the First Venturers to the Vikings by : Jean Manco
Download or read book Ancestral Journeys: The Peopling of Europe from the First Venturers to the Vikings written by Jean Manco and published by Thames & Hudson. This book was released on 2013-10-07 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Incorporates the latest discoveries and theories from archaeology, genetics, history, and linguistics to paint a spirited history of European settlement Who are the Europeans and where did they come from? In recent years scientific advances have released a mass of data, turning cherished ideas upside down. The idea of migration in prehistory, so long out of favor, is back on the agenda. New advances allow us to track human movement and the spread of crops, animals, and disease, and we can see the evidence of population crashes and rises, both continent-wide and locally. Visions of continuity have been replaced with a more dynamic view of Europe’s past, with one wave of migration followed by another, from the first human arrivals in Europe to the Vikings. Ancient DNA links Europe to its nearest neighbors. It is not a new idea that farming was brought from the Near East, but genetics now reveal an unexpectedly complex process in which farmers arrived not in one wave, but several. Even more unexpected is the evidence that the European gene pool was stirred vigorously many times after farming had reached most of Europe. Climate change played a part in this upheaval, but so did new inventions such as the c and wheeled vehicles. Genetic and linguistic clues also enhance our understanding of the upheavals of the Migration Period, the wanderings of steppe nomads, and the adventures of the Vikings.
Book Synopsis Big Men Or Chiefs? by : Jaroslav Řídký
Download or read book Big Men Or Chiefs? written by Jaroslav Řídký and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If there is a feature of the Central European Neolithic period that deserves increased attention of researchers and all those with interest in prehistory, it is circular architecture of the dimensions of many tens of metres, from which only negative imprints of the ditches and imprints of posts in the form of postholes or narrow trenches are preserved to this day. The reason is that it offers quite a different insight into the skills and interpersonal relationships of ancient societies that lived in Europe in the first half of the fifth millennium BC. The authors ask whether these structures, most often termed rondels, can be regarded as 'architecture of power' - the first clear evidence of thought-out power strategies of some individuals or their groups. Using anthropological terms - were they skilful and exceptional entrepreneurs with an ad hoc status (such as Big Men) living in egalitarian/segmented communities, or rather powerful Chiefs living in rank and hereditary based societies/chiefdoms?0.
Book Synopsis The Indo-European Puzzle Revisited by : Kristian Kristiansen
Download or read book The Indo-European Puzzle Revisited written by Kristian Kristiansen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-04-30 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the impact of ancient DNA research and scientific evidence on our understanding of the emergence of Indo-European languages in prehistory. Offering cutting-edge contributions from an international team of scholars, it considers the driving forces behind the Indo-European migrations during the 3rd and 2nd millenia BC. The volume explores the rise of the world's first pastoral nomads the Yamnaya Culture in the Russian Pontic steppe including their social organization, expansions, and the transition from nomadism to semi-sedentism when entering Europe. It also traces the chariot conquest in the late Bronze Age and its impact on the expansion of the Indo-Iranian languages into Central Asia. In the final section, the volumes consider the development of hierarchical societies and the origins of slavery. A landmark synthesis of recent, exciting discoveries, the book also includes an extensive theoretical discussion regarding the integration of linguistics, genetics, and archaeology, and the importance of interdisciplinary research in the study of ancient migration.
Book Synopsis The First Farmers of Central Europe by : Penny Bickle
Download or read book The First Farmers of Central Europe written by Penny Bickle and published by Oxbow Books. This book was released on 2013-07-09 with total page 561 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From about 5500 cal BC to soon after 5000 cal BC, the lifeways of the first farmers of central Europe, the LBK culture (Linearbandkeramik), are seen in distinctive practices of longhouse use, settlement forms, landscape choice, subsistence, material culture and mortuary rites. Within the five or more centuries of LBK existence a dynamic sequence of changes can be seen in, for instance, the expansion and increasing density of settlement, progressive regionalisation in pottery decoration, and at the end some signs of stress or even localised crisis. Although showing many features in common across its very broad distribution, however, the LBK phenomenon was not everywhere the same, and there is a complicated mixture of uniformity and diversity. This major study takes a strikingly large regional sample, from northern Hungary westwards along the Danube to Alsace in the upper Rhine valley, and addresses the question of the extent of diversity in the lifeways of developed and late LBK communities, through a wide-ranging study of diet, lifetime mobility, health and physical condition, the presentation of the bodies of the deceased in mortuary ritual. It uses an innovative combination of isotopic (principally carbon, nitrogen and strontium, with some oxygen), osteological and archaeological analysis to address difference and change across the LBK, and to reflect on cultural change in general.
Book Synopsis The Most Undeserving Case by : Richard George
Download or read book The Most Undeserving Case written by Richard George and published by Austin Macauley Publishers. This book was released on 2023-04-28 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author asks you: Is this a story of the longest standing oppression in the history of humanity? ...thy desire shall be to thy husband, and he shall rule over thee. – Genesis 3:16 – c. 1600 BCE. ...the male is by nature superior, and the female inferior... – Aristotle – c. 340 BCE. ...even the most undeserving case will win if there is no one to testify against it. – Christine de Pizan. 1405 CE. ...have they not all violated the principle of equality of rights by quietly depriving half of mankind of the right to participate in the formation of the laws...? – Nicolas de Condorcet – 1790 CE. ...the adoption of this system of inequality never was the result of deliberation, or forethought, or any social ideas, or any notion whatever of what conduced to the benefit of humanity or the good order of society. – J.S. Mill – 1869 CE. ...All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. – Declaration of Human Rights – 1948 CE. The format of the book is encyclopaedic. Each chapter follows on from the previous one but also is an episode in its own right. ... that our descendants, by becoming more learned, may become more virtuous and happier, and that we do not die without having merited being part of the human race. – Denis Diderot – 1750 CE.
Book Synopsis An Introduction to Molecular Anthropology by : Mark Stoneking
Download or read book An Introduction to Molecular Anthropology written by Mark Stoneking and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-10-20 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular anthropology uses molecular genetic methods to address questions and issues of anthropological interest. More specifically, molecular anthropology is concerned with genetic evidence concerning human origins, migrations, and population relationships, including related topics such as the role of recent natural selection in human population differentiation, or the impact of particular social systems on patterns of human genetic variation. Organized into three major sections, An Introduction to Molecular Anthropology first covers the basics of genetics – what genes are, what they do, and how they do it – as well as how genes behave in populations and how evolution influences them. The following section provides an overview of the different kinds of genetic variation in humans, and how this variation is analyzed and used to make evolutionary inferences. The third section concludes with a presentation of the current state of genetic evidence for human origins, the spread of humans around the world, the role of selection and adaptation in human evolution, and the impact of culture on human genetic variation. A final, concluding chapter discusses various aspects of molecular anthropology in the genomics era, including personal ancestry testing and personal genomics. An Introduction to Molecular Anthropology is an invaluable resource for students studying human evolution, biological anthropology, or molecular anthropology, as well as a reference for anthropologists and anyone else interested in the genetic history of humans.
Download or read book Past Mobilities written by Jim Leary and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-13 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new mobilities paradigm has yet to have the same impact on archaeology as it has in other disciplines in the social sciences - on geography, sociology and anthropology in particular - yet mobility is fundamental to archaeology: all people move. Moving away from archaeology’s traditional focus upon place or location, this volume treats mobility as a central theme in archaeology. The chapters are wide-ranging and methodological as well as theoretical, focusing on the flows of people, ideas, objects and information in the past; they also focus on archaeology’s distinctiveness. Drawing on a wealth of archaeological evidence for movement, from paths, monuments, rock art and boats, to skeletal and DNA evidence, Past Mobilities presents research from a range of examples from around the world to explore the relationship between archaeology and movement, thus adding an archaeological voice to the broader mobilities discussion. As such, it will be of interest not only to archaeologists and historians, but also to sociologists, geographers and anthropologists.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Archaeological Sciences by : A. Mark Pollard
Download or read book Handbook of Archaeological Sciences written by A. Mark Pollard and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-02-09 with total page 2313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: HANDBOOK OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCES A modern and comprehensive introduction to methods and techniques in archaeology In the newly revised Second Edition of the Handbook of Archaeological Sciences, a team of more than 100 researchers delivers a comprehensive and accessible overview of modern methods used in the archaeological sciences. The book covers all relevant approaches to obtaining and analyzing archaeological data, including dating methods, quaternary paleoenvironments, human bioarchaeology, biomolecular archaeology and archaeogenetics, resource exploitation, archaeological prospection, and assessing the decay and conservation of specimens. Overview chapters introduce readers to the relevance of each area, followed by contributions from leading experts that provide detailed technical knowledge and application examples. Readers will also find: A thorough introduction to human bioarchaeology, including hominin evolution and paleopathology The use of biomolecular analysis to characterize past environments Novel approaches to the analysis of archaeological materials that shed new light on early human lifestyles and societies In-depth explorations of the statistical and computational methods relevant to archaeology Perfect for graduate and advanced undergraduate students of archaeology, the Handbook of Archaeological Sciences will also earn a prominent place in the libraries of researchers and professionals with an interest in the geological, biological, and genetic basis of archaeological studies.
Book Synopsis Neolithic Europe by : A. W. R. Whittle
Download or read book Neolithic Europe written by A. W. R. Whittle and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1985 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neolithic Europe is a wide-ranging, thematic survey of the archaeological evidence for the period 8000-2000 BC. The last hunting and food collecting societies of Europe are discussed, but the book's main coverage is the Neolithic period, when agriculture was adopted as the dominant force in European society. Dr Whittle's treatment is systematic: covering Greece and the Balkans, the central and western Mediterranean, central and western Europe. Each chapter ,reviews the nature of the evidence, the environment, chronology and cultural sequences, settlements and the social control of production. Other aspects of social relations are discussed, including burial, ritual, the exchange and the uses of material culture. Major themes are the nature of the transition to agriculture and the subsequent development of social differentiation.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Companion to Archaeology by : Neil Asher Silberman
Download or read book The Oxford Companion to Archaeology written by Neil Asher Silberman and published by . This book was released on 2012-11 with total page 2130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of The Oxford Companion to Archaeology is a thoroughly up-to-date resource with new entries exploring the many advances in the field since the first edition published in 1996. In 700 entries, the second edition provides thorough coverage to historical archaeology, the development of archaeology as a field of study, and the way the discipline works to explain the past. In addition to these theoretical entries, other entries describe the major excavations, discoveries, and innovations, from the discovery of the cave paintings at Lascaux to the deciphering of Egyptian hieroglyphics and the use of luminescence dating. Recent developments in methods and analytical techniques which have revolutionized the ways excavations are performed are also covered; as well as new areas within archeology, such as cultural tourism; and major new sites which have expanded our understanding of prehistory and human developments through time. In addition to significant expansion, first-edition entries have been thoroughly revised and updated to reflect the progress that has been made in the last decade and a half.
Book Synopsis Going Over: The Mesolithic-Neolithic Transition in North-West Europe by : Alasdair Whittle
Download or read book Going Over: The Mesolithic-Neolithic Transition in North-West Europe written by Alasdair Whittle and published by British Academy. This book was released on 2007-11-22 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This wide-ranging collection of essays covers the transformation from Mesolithic hunter-gatherers to Neolithic farmers. This comprehensive and authoritative treatment provides the best available overview of this fundamental change in human society."--BOOK JACKET.
Book Synopsis Europe in the Neolithic by : Alasdair W. R. Whittle
Download or read book Europe in the Neolithic written by Alasdair W. R. Whittle and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-05-23 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This uniquely broad and challenging book reviews the latest archaeological evidence on Neolithic Europe from 7,000-2,500 BC. Describing important areas, sites and problems, Dr. Whittle addresses the major themes that have engaged the attention of scholars: the transition from a forager lifestyle; the rate and dynamics of change; and the nature of Neolithic society. A revised version of Whittle's Neolithic Europe: A Survey (CUP, 1985), the book reflects radical changes in evidence and in interpretive approaches over the past decade.
Book Synopsis Evolutionary and Interpretive Archaeologies by : Ethan Cochrane
Download or read book Evolutionary and Interpretive Archaeologies written by Ethan Cochrane and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-09-16 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of original articles compares various key archaeological topics—agency, violence, social groups, diffusion—from evolutionary and interpretive perspectives. These two strands represent the major current theoretical poles in the discipline. By comparing and contrasting the insights they provide into major archaeological themes, this volume demonstrates the importance of theoretical frameworks in archaeological interpretations. Chapter authors discuss relevant Darwinian or interpretive theory with short archaeological and anthropological case studies to illustrate the substantive conclusions produced. The book will advance debate and contribute to a better understanding of the goals and research strategies that comprise these distinct research traditions.
