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The Nordic Banking Crisis Pitfalls In Financial Liberalization
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Book Synopsis The Nordic Banking Crisis by : Mr.Burkhard Drees
Download or read book The Nordic Banking Crisis written by Mr.Burkhard Drees and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1998-04-20 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the banking crises in Finland, Norway and Sweden, which took place in the early 1990s, and draws some policy conclusions from their experiences. One key conclusion is that factors in addition to business cycle effects explain the Nordic countries financial problems. Although the timing of the deregulation in all three countries coincided with a strongly expansionary macroeconomic momentum, the main reasons for the banking crises were the delayed policy responses, the structural characteristics of the financial systems, and the banks inadequate internal risk-management controls.
Book Synopsis The Nordic Banking Crisis: Pitfalls in Financial Liberalization? by : B. Drees
Download or read book The Nordic Banking Crisis: Pitfalls in Financial Liberalization? written by B. Drees and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Nordic Banking Crisis by : Mr. Burkhard Drees
Download or read book The Nordic Banking Crisis written by Mr. Burkhard Drees and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1998-04-20 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the banking crises in Finland, Norway and Sweden, which took place in the early 1990s, and draws some policy conclusions from their experiences. One key conclusion is that factors in addition to business cycle effects explain the Nordic countries' financial problems. Although the timing of the deregulation in all three countries coincided with a strongly expansionary macroeconomic momentum, the main reasons for the banking crises were the delayed policy responses, the structural characteristics of the financial systems, and the banks' inadequate internal risk-management controls.
Book Synopsis The Nordic Banking Crises by : Burkhard Drees
Download or read book The Nordic Banking Crises written by Burkhard Drees and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the recent banking crises in Finland, Norway and Sweden in an attempt to draw some policy conclusions from their experiences. In all three countries, the timing of deregulation coincided with a strongly expansionary macroeconomic momentum. Delayed policy responses, as well as structural characteristics of the financial systems, and banks` inadequate internal risk management controls were important determinants of the consequences of the transition from tightly regulated to more or less competitive financial systems. In the absence of strengthened prudential banking supervision, these incentives coupled with expectations of government intervention in the event of a crisis prompted many Nordic banks to increase their lending excessively.
Book Synopsis The Great Financial Crisis in Finland and Sweden by : Lars Jonung
Download or read book The Great Financial Crisis in Finland and Sweden written by Lars Jonung and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Nordic financial crisis had it all: a botched liberalization, a huge boom followed by an even bigger bust, massive taxpayer-financed bailouts and, finally, deep long-run gains. The first-class team of scholars mobilized in this book convincingly tell a story that should be carefully studied by economists, bankers and policymakers. After this book, no one should be able to say: If we only knew ! Charles Wyplosz, Graduate Institute of International Studies, Geneva, Switzerland The financial crisis in Scandinavia in the early 1990s was a forerunner of the later world-wide crisis in 2007/8. Although the initial causation was different, the impact on their banks, though more localised, was just as severe. So we can benefit, and already policymakers have done so, from learning the lessons in this book on how to restore shattered banking systems to health. For this we owe a debt of gratitude to the editors, who have put together a series of key papers that emerged from a much larger exercise on the crisis that was earlier reported in four volumes in Swedish and Finnish. Amongst the many studies on current and past financial crises, this is a classic must-read . Charles A.E. Goodhart, London School of Economics, UK The Nordic experience with financial crisis resolution could not be more timely. Everyone cites it as an example of how it should be done , but rarely does one find careful and detailed analysis. Now policymakers and others searching for guidance will know where to look. Barry Eichengreen, University of California, Berkeley, US Following World War II, Nordic countries were commonly regarded as successful and stable economies. This perception was, however, shattered in the early 1990s when Finland and Sweden encountered severe financial crises. Here, the authors explore the symptoms of financial crisis decreasing real income, soaring unemployment and exploding public deficits and their devastating effects. The book compares and contrasts the experiences of Finland and Sweden, then adopts an international perspective, encompassing the experiences of Asia, Latin America, Denmark and Norway. Lessons from the 1990s crisis are drawn, and possible solutions prescribed. The conclusion is that long-term effects of financial crises financial liberalization and integration are not as dramatic as the short-term effects, but may prove to be of greater importance over time. Only the future will show whether these long-term benefits will balance or even outweigh the enormous short-term costs of the crises. Highly relevant to the current international financial crisis currently afflicting the world economy, this timely book will prove invaluable to economists and other social scientists with a general interest in financial crises, and to those with a more specific interest in the evolution and models of Scandinavian economies.
Book Synopsis Financial Liberalization and Financial Fragility by : Asli Demirgüç-Kunt
Download or read book Financial Liberalization and Financial Fragility written by Asli Demirgüç-Kunt and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1998-06-01 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study of 53 countries during 1980-95 finds that financial liberalization increases the probability of a banking crisis, but less so where the institutional environment is strong. In particular, respect for the rule of law, a low level of corruption, and good contract enforcement are relevant institutional characteristics. the data also show that, after liberalization, financially repressed countries tend to have improved financial development even if they experience a banking crisis. This is not true for financially restrained countries. This paper’s results support a cautious approach to financial liberalization where institutions are weak, even if macroeconomic stabilization has been achieved.
Book Synopsis The Japanese Banking Crisis of the 1990's by : Mr.Akihiro Kanaya
Download or read book The Japanese Banking Crisis of the 1990's written by Mr.Akihiro Kanaya and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For a large part of the past decade, Japan has witnessed a steady deterioration in the health of its banking system. This paper examines what went wrong and why it has taken so long for the system to recover. While the paper traces the roots of the crisis to accelerated deregulation and deepening of capital markets without an appropriate adjustment in the regulatory framework, it identifies weak corporate governance and regulatory forbearance as the two factors behind what might have been an unnecessary prolongation of the distress of the financial system.
Book Synopsis Transparency, Liberalization and Banking Crises by : Gil Mehrez
Download or read book Transparency, Liberalization and Banking Crises written by Gil Mehrez and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Lack of transparency increases the probability of a banking crisis following financial liberalization. In a country where government policy is not transparent, banks may tend to increase credit above the optimal level"--Cover.
Book Synopsis The Role of Macroeconomic Shocks in Banking Crises by : Jarmo Pesola
Download or read book The Role of Macroeconomic Shocks in Banking Crises written by Jarmo Pesola and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Banking and Monetary Policies in a Changing Financial Environment by : Wassim Shahin
Download or read book Banking and Monetary Policies in a Changing Financial Environment written by Wassim Shahin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-08-12 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 21st century witnessed major changes in the financial environment surrounding bank regulators and banks. Banking and Monetary Policies in a Changing Financial Environment delves into three of these developments and challenges. The first change in the financial environment relates to the rise in the number and sophistication of financial and economic crimes which shaped the international regulatory architecture. New rules and regulations led to the creation of new strategies to combat these crimes, especially those concerning the spread of more advanced money laundering methods and techniques, terrorist financing after the 9/11 attacks, and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. The second development concerns the global financial crisis of 2008 which drastically affected the regulatory environment of various international and domestic financial authorities causing major changes in bank lending and corporate governance policies, and in the development of the Basel III accord on capital adequacy for bank supervision. The third development manifests itself in the creation of a major European monetary union without a fiscal union and a giant European central bank impacting the conduct of monetary policy. This book combines theory, policy, regulation and institutional approaches with empirical testing, analyzing applications and case studies of various international regulatory authorities and administrations, countries and jurisdictions, central banks and commercial banks. This volume is suitable for those who study international finance, Banking and white collar crime.
Book Synopsis When Small Countries Crash by : Scott B. MacDonald
Download or read book When Small Countries Crash written by Scott B. MacDonald and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-28 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The public is fascinated with financial crashes. Historians portray the roar of an angry mob toppling presidents or prime ministers and destroying the property of those who are regarded as malefactors. And certainly, financial crisis is often a factor in political change. It is often overlooked, but nonetheless significant that one of the major causes for the French Revolution was the poor state of finances, with the nation coming to bankruptcy. Large systemic financial crises create history. Various actors, big and small, become caught in the drama, contributing to it in their own special way. When Small Countries Crash seeks to capture some of the drama of financial collapses and their impact on small countries, which the authors define as populations under 10 million, generally 5-6 million. MacDonald and Novo have selected countries that have had a financial crisis in the national economy; that included key actors; and where access to reliable data is available. As the authors demonstrate, the story of small countries suffering the costs of financial missteps is long and painful. They argue that smaller economies tend to be more vulnerable to economic shocks, many of which are externally generated. Small economies confront particular challenges in terms of economies of scale, diversification, and depth of expertise and workforce. The chapters in this absorbing book focus on Iceland, Latvia, Ireland, the Caribbean, Scotland, Finland, and Albania. This in-depth study is unique in its close look at financial disasters in countries that have, until now, been overlooked.
Book Synopsis Financial Liberalization and the Economic Crisis in Asia by : Chung H. Lee
Download or read book Financial Liberalization and the Economic Crisis in Asia written by Chung H. Lee and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2003-08-29 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What brought about a financial crisis in the "miracle" economies of Asia? What went wrong with financial reform in Asia? What can the developing countries of the world learn from the reform experiences in Asia? Financial Liberalization and the Economic Crisis in Asia analyses how financial liberalization was undertaken in eight Asian countries and how it might be linked to the subsequent crises. The country studies focus on China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, the Philippines, South Korea and Thailand.
Book Synopsis Resolving the Financial Crisis by : C. E. V. Borio
Download or read book Resolving the Financial Crisis written by C. E. V. Borio and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How does the management and resolution of the current crisis compare with the response of the Nordic countries in the early 1990s, widely regarded as exemplary? We argue that, while intervention has been prompter, the measures taken so far remain less comprehensive and in-depth. In particular, the cleansing of balance sheets has proceeded more slowly, and less attention has been paid to reducing excess capacity and avoiding competitive distortions. In general, policymakers have given higher priority to sustaining aggregate demand in the short term than to encouraging adjustment in the financial sector and containing moral hazard. We argue that three factors largely explain this outcome: the more international nature of the crisis; the complexity of the instruments involved; and, hardly appreciated so far, the effect of accounting practices on the dynamics of the events, reflecting in particular the prominent role of fair value accounting (and mark to market losses) in relation to amortised cost accounting for loan books. There is a risk that the policies followed so far may delay the establishment of the basis for a sustainably profitable and less risk-prone financial sector.
Book Synopsis The East Asian Crisis by : Ms.Kalpana Kochhar
Download or read book The East Asian Crisis written by Ms.Kalpana Kochhar and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1998-09-01 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews macroeconomic developments during the first year of the crisis in east Asia and draws some preliminary policy lessons. The crisis is rooted in the interaction of large capital inflows and weak private and public sector governance. At the same time, macroeconomic adjustment in these countries has resulted in some surprising outcomes, including severe economic contractions, low inflation, and rapid external adjustment. The lessons for crisis resolution include the importance of tight monetary policy early on for exchange rate stabilization, flexible fiscal policy, and comprehensive structural reform. Crises are avoided by prudent macroeconomic policies, diligent bank supervision, transparent data dissemination, strong governance, and forward-looking policymaking, even in good times.
Book Synopsis Economic Freedom of the World, 2002 by : James D. Gwartney
Download or read book Economic Freedom of the World, 2002 written by James D. Gwartney and published by The Fraser Institute. This book was released on 2015 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Economic Freedom of the World (EFW) annual reports have presented an economic freedom index for a large set of nations around the world. This index is designed to measure the degree to which a nation's policies and institutions protect its citizens' economic freedom. In this article, we explain the basic methodology employed in constructing the index and summarize the study's findings. Many factors influence the degree of economic freedom. Although no single statistic can capture all of them and their interrelations fully, the index presented here captures most of the important elements and provides a reasonably good measure of cross-country differences in economic freedom. The identification of these differences has been useful for researchers interested in the relationship between economic freedom and other economic variables such as income, economic growth, income equity, and environmental quality. To date, dozens of scholarly articles and hundreds of policy and journalistic reports have made use of the index.
Book Synopsis Financial Systems at the Crossroads by : Wing Thye Woo
Download or read book Financial Systems at the Crossroads written by Wing Thye Woo and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2014-04-16 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Financial Systems at the Crossroads: Lessons for China is written by leading financial experts to study the causes of financial disasters internationally. The research team is drawn from the global research networks of three leading universities: the Antai College of Economics and Management at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, the School of Economics at Fudan University, and the Earth Institute at Columbia University. This review volume identifies the regulatory framework to guide the emergence of efficient financial institutions that are prudent; and to specify the required institutional mechanisms to prevent and resolve systemic collapse. It examines the specific circumstances of China to come up with a comprehensive agenda to reform China's financial sector. It provides in-depth analysis of China's financial industry to show its future evolution and offers lessons for developing a financial system that is efficient, innovative and resilient. Contents:Analytical Overview:Mobilizing China's Financial Sector Efficiently and Safely for Sustaining Economic Transformation and Strengthening Global Financial Stability (Yingli Pan, Jeffrey D Sachs, Wing Thye Woo and John Qi Zhu)Understanding the Important Lessons from the International Experience:Wall Street Lawlessness (Jeffrey D Sachs)Systemic Lack of Prudence in Wealthy Nations: Avoiding the Dark Side of Financial Development (Peter Boone and Simon Johnson)Lessons from the Financial Liberalization in the Nordic Countries in the 1980s (Seppo Honkapohja)Asian Financial Markets and Financial Internationalization in China (Kiyohiko G Nishimura)Tokyo's Ultimately Failed Bid for First Tier International Financial Centre Status: Why Did It Fall Short and What are the Lessons for Shanghai? (Huw McKay)Designing the Right Financial System for China:The Great Accommodation: Chinese Central Banking in the New Millennium (Junhui Qian and Wing Thye Woo)The Structural Friction in China's Banking System: Causes, Measurement and Solutions (Hongzhong Liu and Tai Qin)Credit Rationing, Bank Bailouts, and the Deleterious Impact of Credit: Evidence from China (Jean Louis Arcand)The Options for Reforming the Renminbi Exchange Rate Regime (Xinru Wu, Yingli Pan, Zhichao Zhang, Jing Nie and Si Zhou)The Internationalization of the Renminbi is in Accordance with China's National Interests and Global Responsibilities (Yingli Pan, Yingfeng Xu and Jun Wu)Reforming China's Rural Financial Market (Xi Zhu) Readership: Graduate students and researchers in financial industry, financial analysts and China-watchers. Keywords:Financial Systems;Chinese Economy;US Economy;Financial Development;Nordic Countries;China Central Banking;Renminbi Exchange RateKey Features:Written by leading financial experts from the global research networks of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Fudan University and Columbia UniversityStudies the causes of financial disasters internationallyExamines the specific circumstances of China to come up with a comprehensive agenda to reform China's financial sectorProvides in-depth analysis of China's financial industry to show its future evolutionOffers lessons for developing a financial system that is efficient, innovative and resilient
Book Synopsis Interest Rate Liberalization in China by : Mr.Tarhan Feyzioglu
Download or read book Interest Rate Liberalization in China written by Mr.Tarhan Feyzioglu and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2009-08-01 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What might interest rate liberalization do to intermediation and the cost of capital in China? China's most binding interest rate control is a ceiling on the deposit rate, although lending rates are also regulated. Through case studies and model-based simulations, we find that liberalization will likely result in higher interest rates, discourage marginal investment, improve the effectiveness of intermediation and monetary transmission, and enhance the financial access of underserved sectors. This can occur without any major disruption. International experience suggests, however, that achieving these benefits without unnecessary instability, requires vigilant supervision, governance, and monetary policy, and a flexible policy toolkit.
