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The New Element Californium Atomic Number 98
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Book Synopsis The New Element Californium (atomic Number 98). by :
Download or read book The New Element Californium (atomic Number 98). written by and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Definite identification has been made of an isotope of the element with atomic number 98 through the irradiation of Cm(242) with about 35-Mev helium ions in the Berkeley Crocker Laboratory 60-inch cyclotron. The isotope which has been identified has an observed half-life of about 45 minutes and is thought to have the mass number 244. The observed mode of decay of 98(244) is through the emission of alpha-particles, with energy of about 7.1 Mev, which agrees with predictions. Other considerations involving the systematics of radioactivity in this region indicate that it should also be unstable toward decay by electron capture. The chemical separation and identification of the new element was accomplished through the use of ion exchange adsorption methods employing the resin Dowex-50. The element 98 isotope appears in the eka-dysprosium position on elution curves containing berkelium and curium as reference points--that is, it preceeds berkelium and curium off the column in like manner that dysprosium preceeds terbium and gadolinium. The experiments so far have revealed only the tripositive oxidation state of eka-dysprosium character and suggest either that higher oxidation states are not stable in aqueous solutions or that the rates of oxidation are slow. The successful identification of so small an amount of an isotope of element 98 was possible only through having made accurate predictions of the chemical and radioactive properties. p3.
Book Synopsis The New Element Californium (atomic Number 98) by :
Download or read book The New Element Californium (atomic Number 98) written by and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Definite identification has been made of an isotope of the element with atomic number 98 through the irradiation of Cm242 with about 35-Mev helium ions in the Berkeley Crocker Laboratory 60-inch cyclotron. The isotope which has been identified has an observed half-life of about 45 minutes and is thought to have the mass number 244. The observed mode of decay of 98244 is through the emission of alpha-particles, with energy of about 7.1 Mev, which agrees with predictions. Other considerations involving the systematics of radioactivity in this region indicate that it should also be unstable toward decay by electron capture. The chemical separation and identification of the new element was accomplished through the use of ion exchange adsorption methods employing the resin Dowex-50. The element 98 isotope appears in the eka-dysprosium position on elution curves containing berkelium and curium as reference points--that is, it precedes berkelium and curium off the column in like manner that dysprosium precedes terbium and gadolinium. The experiments so far have revealed only the tripositive oxidation state of eka-dysprosium character and suggest either that higher oxidation states are not stable in aqueous solutions or that the rates of oxidation are slow. The successful identification of so small an amount of an isotope of element 98 was possible only through having made accurate predictions of the chemical and radioactive properties.
Book Synopsis The New Element Americium (atomic Number 95) by : Glenn Theodore Seaborg
Download or read book The New Element Americium (atomic Number 95) written by Glenn Theodore Seaborg and published by . This book was released on 1948 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nature's Building Blocks by : John Emsley
Download or read book Nature's Building Blocks written by John Emsley and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2003 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A readable, informative, fascinating entry on each one of the 100-odd chemical elements, arranged alphabetically from actinium to zirconium. Each entry comprises an explanation of where the element's name comes from, followed by Body element (the role it plays in living things), Element ofhistory (how and when it was discovered), Economic element (what it is used for), Environmental element (where it occurs, how much), Chemical element (facts, figures and narrative), and Element of surprise (an amazing, little-known fact about it). A wonderful 'dipping into' source for the familyreference shelf and for students.
Book Synopsis The New Element Berkelium (atomic Number 97) by : Stanley Gerald Thompson
Download or read book The New Element Berkelium (atomic Number 97) written by Stanley Gerald Thompson and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An isotope of the element with atomic number 97 has been discovered as a product of the helium-ion bombardment of americium. This isotope decays with the emission of alpha-particles of maximum energy 6.72 Mev (30 percent) and it emits lower energy alpha-particles of energies 6.55 Mev (53 percent) and 6.20 Mev (17 percent). The half-life of this isotope is 4.6 hours and it decays primarily by electron capture with about 0.1 percent branching decay by alpha-particle emission. The mass number is probably 243 as indicated by chemical separation of the alpha-particle and electron-capture daughters. The name berkelium, symbol Bk, is proposed for element 97. The chemical separation of element 97 from the target material and other reaction products was made by combinations of precipitation and ion exchange adsorption methods making use of its anticipated (III) and (IV) oxidation states and its position as a member of the actinide transition series. The distinctive chemical properties made use of in its separation and the equally distinctive decay properties of the particular isotope constitute the principal evidence for the new element.
Book Synopsis The Elements Beyond Uranium by : Glenn T. Seaborg
Download or read book The Elements Beyond Uranium written by Glenn T. Seaborg and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1991-01-16 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by Glenn T. Seaborg, Nobel Laureate and pre-eminent figure in the field, with the assistance of Walter D. Loveland, it covers all aspects of transuranium elements, including their discovery, chemical properties, nuclear properties, nuclear synthesis reactions, experimental techniques, natural occurrence, superheavy elements, and predictions for the future. Published on the fiftieth anniversary of the discovery of transuranium elements, it conveys the essence of the ideas and distinctive blend of theory and experiment that has marked their study.
Book Synopsis A Brief History of Element Discovery, Synthesis, and Analysis by : Glen W. Watson
Download or read book A Brief History of Element Discovery, Synthesis, and Analysis written by Glen W. Watson and published by Good Press. This book was released on 2019-11-21 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Uncover the fascinating chronicles of elemental exploration in 'A Brief History of Element Discovery, Synthesis, and Analysis' by Glen W. Watson. Delve into the intricate world of chemistry and biology, where the secrets of the elements are unveiled in a concise and engaging manner. With its meticulously researched content and engaging storytelling, this book is a must-have for both amateur enthusiasts and seasoned professionals alike. Join the author on a quest to satisfy the curious minds of chemists and biologists, as the rich tapestry of element exploration comes to life within these pages.
Book Synopsis Health Risks of Radon and Other Internally Deposited Alpha-Emitters by : National Research Council
Download or read book Health Risks of Radon and Other Internally Deposited Alpha-Emitters written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1988-02-01 with total page 623 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes hazards from radon progeny and other alpha-emitters that humans may inhale or ingest from their environment. In their analysis, the authors summarize in one document clinical and epidemiological evidence, the results of animal studies, research on alpha-particle damage at the cellular level, metabolic pathways for internal alpha-emitters, dosimetry and microdosimetry of radionuclides deposited in specific tissues, and the chemical toxicity of some low-specific-activity alpha-emitters. Techniques for estimating the risks to humans posed by radon and other internally deposited alpha-emitters are offered, along with a discussion of formulas, models, methods, and the level of uncertainty inherent in the risk estimates.
Book Synopsis The Disappearing Spoon by : Sam Kean
Download or read book The Disappearing Spoon written by Sam Kean and published by Little, Brown. This book was released on 2010-07-12 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From New York Times bestselling author Sam Kean comes incredible stories of science, history, finance, mythology, the arts, medicine, and more, as told by the Periodic Table. Why did Gandhi hate iodine (I, 53)? How did radium (Ra, 88) nearly ruin Marie Curie's reputation? And why is gallium (Ga, 31) the go-to element for laboratory pranksters? The Periodic Table is a crowning scientific achievement, but it's also a treasure trove of adventure, betrayal, and obsession. These fascinating tales follow every element on the table as they play out their parts in human history, and in the lives of the (frequently) mad scientists who discovered them. The Disappearing Spoon masterfully fuses science with the classic lore of invention, investigation, and discovery -- from the Big Bang through the end of time. Though solid at room temperature, gallium is a moldable metal that melts at 84 degrees Fahrenheit. A classic science prank is to mold gallium spoons, serve them with tea, and watch guests recoil as their utensils disappear.
Book Synopsis The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements (3rd ed., Volumes 1-5) by : L.R. Morss
Download or read book The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements (3rd ed., Volumes 1-5) written by L.R. Morss and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-31 with total page 4059 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements is a contemporary and definitive compilation of chemical properties of all of the actinide elements, especially of the technologically important elements uranium and plutonium, as well as the transactinide elements. In addition to the comprehensive treatment of the chemical properties of each element, ion, and compound from atomic number 89 (actinium) through to 109 (meitnerium), this multi-volume work has specialized and definitive chapters on electronic theory, optical and laser fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, organoactinide chemistry, thermodynamics, magnetic properties, the metals, coordination chemistry, separations, and trace analysis. Several chapters deal with environmental science, safe handling, and biological interactions of the actinide elements. The Editors invited teams of authors, who are active practitioners and recognized experts in their specialty, to write each chapter and have endeavoured to provide a balanced and insightful treatment of these fascinating elements at the frontier of the periodic table. Because the field has expanded with new spectroscopic techniques and environmental focus, the work encompasses five volumes, each of which groups chapters on related topics. All chapters represent the current state of research in the chemistry of these elements and related fields.
Book Synopsis Radioactivity by : Michael F. L'Annunziata
Download or read book Radioactivity written by Michael F. L'Annunziata and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-05-13 with total page 934 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A recipient of the PROSE 2017 Honorable Mention in Chemistry & Physics, Radioactivity: Introduction and History, From the Quantum to Quarks, Second Edition provides a greatly expanded overview of radioactivity from natural and artificial sources on earth, radiation of cosmic origins, and an introduction to the atom and its nucleus. The book also includes historical accounts of the lives, works, and major achievements of many famous pioneers and Nobel Laureates from 1895 to the present. These leaders in the field have contributed to our knowledge of the science of the atom, its nucleus, nuclear decay, and subatomic particles that are part of our current knowledge of the structure of matter, including the role of quarks, leptons, and the bosons (force carriers). Users will find a completely revised and greatly expanded text that includes all new material that further describes the significant historical events on the topic dating from the 1950s to the present. - Provides a detailed account of nuclear radiation – its origin and properties, the atom, its nucleus, and subatomic particles including quarks, leptons, and force carriers (bosons) - Includes fascinating biographies of the pioneers in the field, including captivating anecdotes and insights - Presents meticulous accounts of experiments and calculations used by pioneers to confirm their findings
Book Synopsis Journal of Glenn T. Seaborg, 1946-1958 by : Glenn Theodore Seaborg
Download or read book Journal of Glenn T. Seaborg, 1946-1958 written by Glenn Theodore Seaborg and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis United States Government Publications Monthly Catalog by :
Download or read book United States Government Publications Monthly Catalog written by and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page 1596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis United States Government Publications Monthly Catalog by : United States. Superintendent of Documents
Download or read book United States Government Publications Monthly Catalog written by United States. Superintendent of Documents and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page 1774 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: February issue includes Appendix entitled Directory of United States Government periodicals and subscription publications; September issue includes List of depository libraries; June and December issues include semiannual index.
Book Synopsis The Rhubarb Connection and Other Revelations by : Lars Öhrström
Download or read book The Rhubarb Connection and Other Revelations written by Lars Öhrström and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2018-12-06 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pink warships that vanish at dusk, urinary maladies of an emperor, and a gold test for cocaine – behold the chemistry of metal ions as never before. In this book you will learn about the sarcophagus molecule, the Chen-Kao test, and how murderers can be caught blue-handed with the wonders of glowing luminol. You will also meet the hidden chemistry of metal ions in everyday life, from the clever modern devices that measure blood-sugar levels, to the leather on your shoes and chewing gum stuck to their soles. Expect to encounter a fair share of heroes and villains, real and fictional, scientist and layperson. Such characters include an ex-MI5 employee running a hospital ward in London amid falling German V1 rockets, a notorious racing cyclist, a proud butler and the lady who first proposed nuclear fission (it’s not who you think it is). With engaging, humorous and intelligent prose, the reader will discover the fascinating back-stories of chemical discoveries and inventions where metal ions have played a major role. Featuring a foreword by popular science communicator Dr Raychelle Burks of St. Edward's University, Texas.
Book Synopsis The Chemical Element by : Andrew G. Ede
Download or read book The Chemical Element written by Andrew G. Ede and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2006-06-30 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most familiar features of any high-school chemistry lab is the Periodic Table of Elements. Elegant, informative, useful to any student in the lab - the Periodic Table neatly summarizes our scientific knowledge of the chemical elements from hydrogen to uranium and beyond - atomic number, atomic weight, isotopes, and more. But how did scientists discover all of these features of the elements? How did the Periodic Table come to be? And, even more basically, how did the concept of the chemical element come to dominate how scientists understand chemistry? This book shows readers the answers to these and other questions regarding the scientific understanding of matter. The Chemical Element, a volume in the Greenwood Guides to Great Ideas in Science, traces the history of this tremendously powerful concept from the ancient philosophers to the present day. The volume covers: the idea of the elements held by Aristotle and the other ancient Greek philosophers; how Chinese, Arabic and other ancient civilizations thought about the elements; Mendeleyev and the creation of the Periodic Table of Elements, the predictive power of which helped in the discovery of dozens of new elements; and the discovery of the artificial elements that are heavier than uranium Jargon and mathematics is kept to a minimum, and the volumes includes a timeline, a glossary, and a bibliography, making The Chemical Element an ideal resource for students researching chemistry and the history and nature of the scientific understanding of the world around us.
Book Synopsis The Science Class You Wish You Had (Revised Edition) by : David Eliot Brody
Download or read book The Science Class You Wish You Had (Revised Edition) written by David Eliot Brody and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2013-08-06 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What does E=mc2 really mean? What is DNA? What was the big bang? These scientific concepts have changed our perception of the world…but for many of us they remain mysteries, bits and pieces of information retained from classroom lectures but never truly understood. Now we can finally grasp the grandeur and complexity of these ideas, and their significance in our lives. Revised and updated to include the latest discoveries that are changing the way we view the world and the universe, this new edition of The Science Class You Wish You Had will take you on a journey through space and time—from the subatomic to the universal. It explains in a lively, accessible way what these milestones of scientific discovery mean and what direct impact they have on our lives today and will have in the future. For everyone interested in science, history, and biographies of extraordinary people—or anyone who wants to understand the workings of the physical world—this thorough and authoritative book is a perfect introduction to science’s most profound discoveries, and a testament to the triumph of human knowledge. Newton: Gravity and the Basic Laws of Physics Rutherford and Bohr: The Structure of the Atom Einstein: The Principle of Relativity Hubble: The Big Bang and the Formation of the Universe Darwin: Evolution and the Principle of Natural Selection Flemming and Mendel: The Cell and Genetics Watson and Crick: The Structure of the DNA Molecule
