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The Neural Basis Of Spatial Navigation In Humans
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Book Synopsis Human Spatial Navigation by : Arne D. Ekstrom
Download or read book Human Spatial Navigation written by Arne D. Ekstrom and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-08-07 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book to comprehensively explore the cognitive foundations of human spatial navigation Humans possess a range of navigation and orientation abilities, from the ordinary to the extraordinary. All of us must move from one location to the next, following habitual routes and avoiding getting lost. While there is more to learn about how the brain underlies our ability to navigate, neuroscience and psychology have begun to converge on some important answers. In Human Spatial Navigation, four leading experts tackle fundamental and unique issues to produce the first book-length investigation into this subject. Opening with the vivid story of Puluwat sailors who navigate in the open ocean with no mechanical aids, the authors begin by dissecting the behavioral basis of human spatial navigation. They then focus on its neural basis, describing neural recordings, brain imaging experiments, and patient studies. Recent advances give unprecedented insights into what is known about the cognitive map and the neural systems that facilitate navigation. The authors discuss how aging and diseases can impede navigation, and they introduce cutting-edge network models that show how the brain can act as a highly integrated system underlying spatial navigation. Throughout, the authors touch on fascinating examples of able navigators, from the Inuit of northern Canada to London taxi drivers, and they provide a critical lens into previous navigation research, which has primarily focused on other species, such as rodents. An ideal book for students and researchers seeking an accessible introduction to this important topic, Human Spatial Navigation offers a rich look into spatial memory and the neuroscientific foundations for how we make our way in the world.
Book Synopsis The Neural Basis of Spatial Navigation in Humans by : Silvia Rizzo
Download or read book The Neural Basis of Spatial Navigation in Humans written by Silvia Rizzo and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Neural Basis of Navigation by : Patricia E. Sharp
Download or read book The Neural Basis of Navigation written by Patricia E. Sharp and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the appearance of the John O'Keefe and Lynn Nadel book in which they proposed that the hippocampus provides an abstract, internal representation of the animal's environment, considerable conceptual progress in the area of navigational information processing has been achieved. The purpose of the current work is to consolidate recent data and conceptual insights related to navigational insight processing in a format useful to both practitioners and advanced students in neuroscience.
Book Synopsis Why People Get Lost by : Paul A. Dudchenko
Download or read book Why People Get Lost written by Paul A. Dudchenko and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At some point in our lives, most of us have been lost. How does this happen? What are the limits of our ability to find our way? Do we have an innate sense of direction? 'How people get lost' reviews the psychology and neuroscience of navigation. It starts with a history of studies looking at how organisms solve mazes. It then reviews contemporary studies of spatial cognition, and the wayfinding abilities of adults and children. It then considers how specific parts of the brain provide a cognitive map and a neural compass. This book also considers the neurology of spatial disorientation, and the tendency of patients with Alzheimer's disease to lose their way. Within the book, the author considers that, perhaps we get lost simply because our brain's compass becomes misoriented. This book is written for anyone with an interest in navigation and the brain. It assumes no specialised knowledge of neuroscience, but covers recent advances in our understanding of how the brain represents space.
Book Synopsis Behavioural Neuroscience by : Seán Commins
Download or read book Behavioural Neuroscience written by Seán Commins and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-04-12 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A visually engaging explanation of the neural process underlying various behaviours in species ranging from the simplest organisms to humans.
Book Synopsis Methods of Behavior Analysis in Neuroscience by : Jerry J. Buccafusco
Download or read book Methods of Behavior Analysis in Neuroscience written by Jerry J. Buccafusco and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-08-29 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using the most well-studied behavioral analyses of animal subjects to promote a better understanding of the effects of disease and the effects of new therapeutic treatments on human cognition, Methods of Behavior Analysis in Neuroscience provides a reference manual for molecular and cellular research scientists in both academia and the pharmaceutic
Book Synopsis What Makes Us Smart by : Samuel Gershman
Download or read book What Makes Us Smart written by Samuel Gershman and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-10-19 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How a computational framework can account for the successes and failures of human cognition At the heart of human intelligence rests a fundamental puzzle: How are we incredibly smart and stupid at the same time? No existing machine can match the power and flexibility of human perception, language, and reasoning. Yet, we routinely commit errors that reveal the failures of our thought processes. What Makes Us Smart makes sense of this paradox by arguing that our cognitive errors are not haphazard. Rather, they are the inevitable consequences of a brain optimized for efficient inference and decision making within the constraints of time, energy, and memory—in other words, data and resource limitations. Framing human intelligence in terms of these constraints, Samuel Gershman shows how a deeper computational logic underpins the “stupid” errors of human cognition. Embarking on a journey across psychology, neuroscience, computer science, linguistics, and economics, Gershman presents unifying principles that govern human intelligence. First, inductive bias: any system that makes inferences based on limited data must constrain its hypotheses in some way before observing data. Second, approximation bias: any system that makes inferences and decisions with limited resources must make approximations. Applying these principles to a range of computational errors made by humans, Gershman demonstrates that intelligent systems designed to meet these constraints yield characteristically human errors. Examining how humans make intelligent and maladaptive decisions, What Makes Us Smart delves into the successes and failures of cognition.
Book Synopsis Human Spatial Cognition and Experience by : Toru Ishikawa
Download or read book Human Spatial Cognition and Experience written by Toru Ishikawa and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-06-15 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers students an introduction to human spatial cognition and experience and is designed for graduate and advanced undergraduate students who are interested in the study of maps in the head and the psychology of space. We live in space and space surrounds us. We interact with space all the time, consciously or unconsciously, and make decisions and actions based on our perceptions of that space. Have you ever wondered how some people navigate perfectly using maps in their heads while other people get lost even with a physical map? What do you mean when you say you have a poor "sense of direction"? How do we know where we are? How do we use and represent information about space? This book clarifies that our knowledge and feelings emerge as a consequence of our interactions with the surrounding space, and show that the knowledge and feelings direct, guide, or limit our spatial behavior and experience. Space matters, or more specifically space we perceive matters. Research into spatial cognition and experience, asking fundamental questions about how and why space and spatiality matters to humans, has thus attracted attention. It is no coincidence that the 2014 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded for research into a positioning system in the brain or "inner GPS" and that spatial information and technology are recognized as an important social infrastructure in recent years. This is the first book aimed at graduate and advanced undergraduate students pursuing this fascinating area of research. The content introduces the reader to the field of spatial cognition and experience with a series of chapters covering theoretical, empirical, and practical issues, including cognitive maps, spatial orientation, spatial ability and thinking, geospatial information, navigation assistance, and environmental aesthetics.
Book Synopsis Wayfinding Behavior by : Reginald G. Golledge
Download or read book Wayfinding Behavior written by Reginald G. Golledge and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The metaphor of a "cognitive map" has attracted interest since the 1940s. Researchers from many fields have explored how humans process and use spatial information, why they make errors or not. This text brings together contributors from diverse fields to explore the
Download or read book We, the Navigators written by David Lewis and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 1994-05-01 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition includes a discussion of theories about traditional methods of navigation developed during recent decades, the story of the renaissance of star navigation throughout the Pacific, and material about navigation systems in Indonesia, Siberia, and the Indian Ocean.
Book Synopsis Decision Making, Affect, and Learning by : Mauricio R. Delgado
Download or read book Decision Making, Affect, and Learning written by Mauricio R. Delgado and published by Attention and Performance. This book was released on 2011-03-24 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focuses on decision making and emotional processing, investigating the psychological and neural systems underlying decision making, and the relationship with reward, affect, and learning. Considers neurodevelopmental and clinical aspects and looks at the applied aspects for other disciplines, including neuroeconomics.
Book Synopsis The Hippocampal and Parietal Foundations of Spatial Cognition by : Neil Burgess
Download or read book The Hippocampal and Parietal Foundations of Spatial Cognition written by Neil Burgess and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1999 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As we move around in our environment, and interact with it, many of the most important problems we face involve the processing of spatial information. We have to be able to navigate by perceiving and remembering the locations and orientations of the objects around us relative to ourself; we have to sense and act upon these objects; and we need to move through space to position ourselves in favourable locations or to avoid dangerous ones. While this appears so simple that we don't even think about it, the difficulty of solving these problems has been shown in the repeated failure of artificial systems to perform these kinds of tasks efficiently. In contrast, humans and other animals routinely overcome these problems every single day. This book examines some of the neural substrates and mechanisms that support these remarkable abilities. The hippocampus and the parietal cortex have been implicated in various core spatial behaviours, such as the ability to localise an object and navigate to it. Damage to these areas in humans and animals leads to impairment of these spatial functions. This collection of papers, written by internationally recognized experts in the field, reviews the evidence that each area is involved in spatial cognition, examines the mechanisms underlying the generation of spatial behaviours, and considers the relative roles of the parietal and hippocampal areas, including how each interacts with the other. The papers integrate a wide range of theoretical and experimental approaches, and touch on broader issues relating to memory and imagery. As such, this book represents the state of the art of current research into the neural basis of spatial cognition. It should be of interest to anyone - researchers or graduate students - working in the areas of cognitive neuroscience, neuroanatomy, neuropsychology, and cognition generally.
Book Synopsis Neural Mechanisms of Spatial Navigation and Memory by : Jonathan F. Miller
Download or read book Neural Mechanisms of Spatial Navigation and Memory written by Jonathan F. Miller and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ability to navigate our environment is a vital skill for numerous species, including humans. How does the brain encode external space to allow for accurate navigation? Moreover, as we move through the world, how do we keep track of where specific events occur? Based on decades of research in rodents, we know that the hippocampus contains place cells that code for particular locations in the environment, and based on decades of work in humans, we know that the hippocampus is crucial for episodic memory function. The goal of this thesis is to study how the human brain simultaneously supports spatial navigation and episodic memory by analyzing intracranially recorded neural activity from participants performing virtual spatial memory tasks. In my first study, I investigated whether the neural representation of space formed by the place cell population code in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) becomes integrated with a broader memory signal. I found that place cells in human MTL act as a mechanism for memories to become linked to the location where they occurred, suggesting that the neural system underlying spatial navigation and the neural system underlying memory function are not as distinct as once thought. In my next study, I investigated whether anatomical subregions of the human MTL, specifically the entorhinal cortex (EC) and the hippocampus, differ in the type of spatial information that they are selective to, which has been shown to be true in rodents. I discovered a new type of cell in the human EC called path equivalent cells that provides a metric of distance relative to an environment's geometry, unlike hippocampal place cells that only fire at specific locations. This finding helps to bring our understanding of how space is represented in the human brain closer to our more in depth understanding of spatial representations in the rodent brain. In my final study, I investigated how oscillatory activity in the human hippocampus is modulated by movement through the environment. In rodents, the theta oscillation (4--8 Hz) is closely linked to voluntary movement through space and is an integral component for many rodent derived theories of MTL function. I found that functionally analogous signals in human hippocampus appeared at lower frequencies than in rodents, suggesting that these theories may require modification before they can be broadly applied to other species. Taken together, my work helps to reconcile how the MTL supports both spatial navigation and episodic memory function, as well as bridging the gap between the large literature describing the neural representation of space in the rodent brain and the comparatively less well understood mechanisms in the human brain.
Book Synopsis Space,Time and Memory in the Hippocampal Formation by : Dori Derdikman
Download or read book Space,Time and Memory in the Hippocampal Formation written by Dori Derdikman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The discovery of new cell types, such as grid and time cells, in the hippocampus has been accompanied by major anatomical and theoretical insights in the recent years. This book provides comprehensive, up-to-date information about the hippocampal formation and especially the neural basis of episodic memory, spatial location (the formation of the cognitive map) and temporal representation. The first part of the book describes the information flow from pre-hippocampal areas into the hippocampus, the second part discusses the different types of hippocampal processing and finally, the third part depicts the influence that the hippocampal processing has on other brain structures that are perhaps more closely tied to explicit cognitive or behavioral output. This book is intended for neuroscientists, especially for those who are involved in research on the hippocampus, as well as for behavioral scientists and neurologists.
Book Synopsis Spatial Representation by : Barbara Landau
Download or read book Spatial Representation written by Barbara Landau and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-10-18 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite our impression of a seamless spatial world, mature human spatial knowledge is composed of sub-systems, each specialized. This book uses the case of Williams syndrome — a rare genetic deficit - to argue for specialization of function in both normal and unusual development. The evidence suggests a speculative hypothesis linking the genetic deficit to changes in the timing of emergence for different sub-systems. More broadly, the book shows the complexity of spatial cognition, its genetic correlates, and realization in the brain.
Book Synopsis Dark and Magical Places by : Christopher Kemp
Download or read book Dark and Magical Places written by Christopher Kemp and published by Profile Books. This book was released on 2022-01-20 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A NATURAL STORYTELLER" Mary Roach "BRILLIANT AND BEGUILING" Matthew Gavin Frank "CAPTIVATING ... WILL ALTER THE WAY YOU SEE AND MOVE THROUGH THE WORLD" M. R. O'Connor "AS ENTERTAINING AS IT IS ENLIGHTENING" Geographical Magazine, Book of the Month Within our heads, we carry around an infinite and endlessly unfolding map of the world. Navigation is one of the most ancient neural abilities we have - older even than language - and in Dark and Magical Places, Christopher Kemp embarks on a journey to discover the remarkable extent of what our minds can do. From the secrets of supernavigators to the strange, dreamlike environments inhabited by people with 'place blindness', he will explore the myriad ways in which we find our way. Kemp explains the cutting-edge neuroscience that is transforming our understanding of it - and tries to answer why, for a species with a highly-sophisticated internal navigation system that evolved over millions of years, do humans get lost such a lot? "I WAS THRILLED TO DISCOVER THIS BOOK" Robert Moor
Book Synopsis Imagery and Spatial Cognition by : Tomaso Vecchi
Download or read book Imagery and Spatial Cognition written by Tomaso Vecchi and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relationships between perception and imagery, imagery and spatial processes, memory and action: These are the main themes of this text The interest of experimental psychology and cognitive neuroscience on imagery and spatial cognition is remarkably increased in the last decades. Different areas of research contribute to the clarification of the multiple cognitive processes subserving spatial perception and exploration, and to the definition of the neurophysiological mechanisms underpinning these cognitive functions. The aim of this book is to provide the reader (post-graduate students as well as experts) with a complete overview of this field of research. It illustrates the way how brain, behaviour and cognition interact in normal and pathological subjects in perceiving, representing and exploring space. (Series B).
