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The Nazi Doctors And The Nuremberg Code Human Rights In Human Experimentation
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Author :George J. Annas Edward R. Utley Professor of Health Law Publisher :Oxford University Press, USA ISBN 13 :9780199772261 Total Pages :400 pages Book Rating :4.7/5 (722 download)
Book Synopsis The Nazi Doctors and the Nuremberg Code : Human Rights in Human Experimentation by : George J. Annas Edward R. Utley Professor of Health Law
Download or read book The Nazi Doctors and the Nuremberg Code : Human Rights in Human Experimentation written by George J. Annas Edward R. Utley Professor of Health Law and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1992-05-07 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The atrocities committed by Nazi physicians and researchers during World War II prompted the development of the Nuremberg Code to define the ethics of modern medical experimentation utilizing human subjects. Since its enunciation, the Code has been viewed as one of the cornerstones of modern bioethical thought. The sources and ramifications of this important document are thoroughly discussed in this book by a distinguished roster of contemporary professionals from the fields of history, philosophy, medicine, and law. Contributors also include the chief prosecutor of the Nuremberg Military Tribunal and a moving account by a survivor of the Mengele Twin Experiments. The book sheds light on keenly debated issues of both science and jurisprudence, including the ethics of human experimentation; the doctrine of informed consent; and the Code's impact on today's international human rights agenda. The historical setting of the Code's creation, some modern parallels, and the current attitude of German physicians toward the crimes of the Nazi era, are discussed in early chapters. The book progresses to a powerful account of the Doctors' Trial at Nuremberg, its resulting verdict, and the Code's development. The Code's contemporary influence on both American and international law is examined in its historical context and discussed in terms of its universality: are the foundational ethics of the Code as valid today as when it was originally penned? The editors conclude with a chapter on foreseeable future developments and a proposal for an international covenant on human experimentation enforced by an international court. A major work in medical law and ethics, this volume provides stimulating, provocative reading for physicians, legal professionals, bioethicists, historians, biomedical researchers, and concerned laypersons.
Book Synopsis The Nazi Doctors and the Nuremberg Code by : George J. Annas
Download or read book The Nazi Doctors and the Nuremberg Code written by George J. Annas and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1992 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important new work surveys the source and ramifications of the famed Nuremburg Code -- recognized around the world as one of the cornerstones of modern bioethics.
Book Synopsis Nazi Medicine and the Nuremberg Trials by : P. Weindling
Download or read book Nazi Medicine and the Nuremberg Trials written by P. Weindling and published by Springer. This book was released on 2004-10-29 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a radically new and definitive reappraisal of Allied responses to Nazi human experiments and the origins of informed consent. It places the victims and Allied Medical Intelligence officers at centre stage, while providing a full reconstruction of policies on war crimes and trials related to Nazi medical atrocities and genocide.
Download or read book Doctors from Hell written by Vivien Spitz and published by Sentient Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A chilling story of human depravity and ultimate justice, told for the first time by an eyewitness court reporter for the Nuremberg war crimes trial of Nazi doctors. This is the account of 22 men and 1 woman and the torturing and killing by experiment they authorized in the name of scientific research and patriotism. Doctors from Hell includes trial transcripts that have not been easily available to the general public and previously unpublished photographs used as evidence in the trial. The author describes the experience of being in bombed-out, dangerous, post-war Nuremberg, where she lived for two years while working on the trial. Once a Nazi sympathizer tossed bombs into the dining room of the hotel where she lived moments before she arrived for dinner. She takes us into the courtroom to hear the dramatic testimony and see the reactions of the defendants to the proceedings. This landmark trial resulted in the establishment of the Nuremberg code, which set the guidelines for medical research involving human beings. A significant addition to the literature on World War II and the Holocaust, medical ethics, human rights, and the barbaric depths to which human beings can descend.
Book Synopsis Dictionary of Global Bioethics by : Henk ten Have
Download or read book Dictionary of Global Bioethics written by Henk ten Have and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-26 with total page 1063 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Dictionary presents a broad range of topics relevant in present-day global bioethics. With more than 500 entries, this dictionary covers organizations working in the field of global bioethics, international documents concerning bioethics, personalities that have played a role in the development of global bioethics, as well as specific topics in the field.The book is not only useful for students and professionals in global health activities, but can also serve as a basic tool that explains relevant ethical notions and terms. The dictionary furthers the ideals of cosmopolitanism: solidarity, equality, respect for difference and concern with what human beings- and specifically patients - have in common, regardless of their backgrounds, hometowns, religions, gender, etc. Global problems such as pandemic diseases, disasters, lack of care and medication, homelessness and displacement call for global responses.This book demonstrates that a moral vision of global health is necessary and it helps to quickly understand the basic ideas of global bioethics.
Book Synopsis Justice at Nuremberg by : U. Schmidt
Download or read book Justice at Nuremberg written by U. Schmidt and published by Springer. This book was released on 2004-06-30 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book traces the history of the Nuremberg Doctors' Trial of 1946-47, through the eyes of the Austrian émigré psychiatrist Leo Alexander, whose investigations helped the US prosecution. Schmidt provides a detailed insight into the origins of human rights in medical science and into the changing role of international law, ethics and politics.
Book Synopsis Murderous Medicine by : Naomi Baumslag
Download or read book Murderous Medicine written by Naomi Baumslag and published by Praeger. This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than 1.5 million concentration camp prisoners died of typhus, a preventable disease. Despite advances in public health measures to control and prevent typhus outbreaks, German doctors, fueled by their racist ideology and their medieval approach to the disease, used the disease as a form of biological warfare against Jews, Slavs, and gypsies. Jewish hospitals in ghettos were burned--along with patients and staff--if typhus was present. In concentration camps, even suspected typhus cases were killed in the gas chambers or through intracardiac injections. Typhus vaccines were tested on prisoners deliberately infected with typhus. Only a handful of doctors were ever prosecuted for their crimes. Against all odds, Jewish health providers struggled to avoid the worst through innovative steps to save lives. Despite the removal of their equipment, drugs, and other resources, they organized health care and sanitary hygienic measures. Doctors were forced to conceal cases, falsify diagnoses and cause of death in order to save lives. This important study explores the role of the International Red Cross in typhus epidemics during and after World War I and World War II. It details the widespread complicity of foreign companies in the Nazi typhus research. Finally, the author stresses the importance of monitoring and holding accountable the medical profession, researchers, and drug companies that continue to invest in research on biological agents as weapons of war.
Book Synopsis Dark Medicine by : William R. LaFleur
Download or read book Dark Medicine written by William R. LaFleur and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 2008-07-17 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays looks at the dark medical research conducted during and after World War II. Contributors describe this research, how it was brought to light, and the rationalisations of those who perpetrated and benefited from it.
Book Synopsis The Nuremberg Medical Trial by : Horst H. Freyhofer
Download or read book The Nuremberg Medical Trial written by Horst H. Freyhofer and published by Peter Lang. This book was released on 2004 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Freyhofer gives the reader the opportunity to follow the exchange between prosecutors and defendants as well as the final reasoning of the court."--BOOK JACKET.
Author :Committee on Evaluation of 1950s Air Force Human Health Testing in Alaska Using Radioactive Iodine-131 Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309588847 Total Pages :98 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (95 download)
Book Synopsis The Arctic Aeromedical Laboratory's Thyroid Function Study by : Committee on Evaluation of 1950s Air Force Human Health Testing in Alaska Using Radioactive Iodine-131
Download or read book The Arctic Aeromedical Laboratory's Thyroid Function Study written by Committee on Evaluation of 1950s Air Force Human Health Testing in Alaska Using Radioactive Iodine-131 and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-02-09 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the 1950s, with the Cold War looming, military planners sought to know more about how to keep fighting forces fit and capable in the harsh Alaskan environment. In 1956 and 1957, the U.S. Air Force's former Arctic Aeromedical Laboratory conducted a study of the role of the thyroid in human acclimatization to cold. To measure thyroid function under various conditions, the researchers administered a radioactive medical trace, Iodine-131, to Alaska Natives and white military personnel; based on the study results, the researchers determined that the thyroid did not play a significant role in human acclimatization to cold. When this study of thyroid function was revisited at a 1993 conference on the Cold War legacy in the Arctic, serious questions were raised about the appropriateness of the activity--whether it posed risks to the people involved and whether the research had been conducted within the bounds of accepted guidelines for research using human participants. In particular, there was concern over the relatively large proportion of Alaska Natives used as subjects and whether they understood the nature of the study. This book evaluates the research in detail, looking at both the possible health effects of Iodine-131 administration in humans and the ethics of human subjects research. This book presents conclusions and recommendations and is a significant addition to the nation's current reevaluation of human radiation experiments conducted during the Cold War.
Book Synopsis Medicine after the Holocaust by : S. Rubenfeld
Download or read book Medicine after the Holocaust written by S. Rubenfeld and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-01-04 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rubenfeld and the contributors to this collection posit that German physicians betrayed the Hippocratic Oath when they chose knowledge over wisdom, the state over the individual, a führer over God, and personal gain over professional ethics.
Download or read book Undue Risk written by Jonathan D. Moreno and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the courtrooms of Nuremberg to the battlefields of the Gulf War, Undue Risk exposes a variety of government policies and specific cases, includingplutonium injections to unwilling hospital patients, and even the attempted recruitment of Nazi medical scientists bythe U.S. government after World War II.
Book Synopsis Against Their Will by : Allen M. Hornblum
Download or read book Against Their Will written by Allen M. Hornblum and published by St. Martin's Press. This book was released on 2013-06-25 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the Cold War, an alliance between American scientists, pharmaceutical companies, and the US military pushed the medical establishment into ethically fraught territory. Doctors and scientists at prestigious institutions were pressured to produce medical advances to compete with the perceived threats coming from the Soviet Union. In Against Their Will, authors Allen Hornblum, Judith Newman, and Gregory Dober reveal the little-known history of unethical and dangerous medical experimentation on children in the United States. Through rare interviews and the personal correspondence of renowned medical investigators, they document how children—both normal and those termed "feebleminded"—from infants to teenagers, became human research subjects in terrifying experiments. They were drafted as "volunteers" to test vaccines, doused with ringworm, subjected to electric shock, and given lobotomies. They were also fed radioactive isotopes and exposed to chemical warfare agents. This groundbreaking book shows how institutional superintendents influenced by eugenics often turned these children over to scientific researchers without a second thought. Based on years of archival work and numerous interviews with both scientific researchers and former test subjects, this is a fascinating and disturbing look at the dark underbelly of American medical history.
Book Synopsis Deadly Medicine by : Susan D. Bachrach
Download or read book Deadly Medicine written by Susan D. Bachrach and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A catalog to accompany an exhibit at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum on the subject of the Nazi eugenics program.
Book Synopsis Doctors Under Hitler by : Michael H. Kater
Download or read book Doctors Under Hitler written by Michael H. Kater and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2005-10-12 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A brilliant attempt to explain the profound historical crisis into which medicine had plummeted during the Nazi period with the tried methods of social history.--Historische Zeitschrift "The author has drawn from an extraordinary range of sources, and the weight of evidence he compiles will certainly give pause to anyone who still wants to believe that professionals kept their hands clean in this era of great and methodical crimes.--Journal of Modern History "Kater's important book deserves close attention from historians of medicine and German historians alike.--Isis In this history of medicine and the medical profession in the Third Reich, Michael Kater examines the career patterns, educational training, professional organization, and political socialization of German physicians under Hitler. His discussion ranges widely, from doctors who participated in Nazi atrocities, to those who actively resisted the regime's perversion of healing, to the vast majority whose ideology and behavior fell somewhere between the two extremes. He also takes a chilling look at the post-Hitler medical establishment's problematic relationship to the Nazi past. -->
Book Synopsis Medical Apartheid by : Harriet A. Washington
Download or read book Medical Apartheid written by Harriet A. Washington and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2008-01-08 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NATIONAL BOOK CRITICS CIRCLE AWARD WINNER • The first full history of Black America’s shocking mistreatment as unwilling and unwitting experimental subjects at the hands of the medical establishment. No one concerned with issues of public health and racial justice can afford not to read this masterful book. "[Washington] has unearthed a shocking amount of information and shaped it into a riveting, carefully documented book." —New York Times From the era of slavery to the present day, starting with the earliest encounters between Black Americans and Western medical researchers and the racist pseudoscience that resulted, Medical Apartheid details the ways both slaves and freedmen were used in hospitals for experiments conducted without their knowledge—a tradition that continues today within some black populations. It reveals how Blacks have historically been prey to grave-robbing as well as unauthorized autopsies and dissections. Moving into the twentieth century, it shows how the pseudoscience of eugenics and social Darwinism was used to justify experimental exploitation and shoddy medical treatment of Blacks. Shocking new details about the government’s notorious Tuskegee experiment are revealed, as are similar, less-well-known medical atrocities conducted by the government, the armed forces, prisons, and private institutions. The product of years of prodigious research into medical journals and experimental reports long undisturbed, Medical Apartheid reveals the hidden underbelly of scientific research and makes possible, for the first time, an understanding of the roots of the African American health deficit. At last, it provides the fullest possible context for comprehending the behavioral fallout that has caused Black Americans to view researchers—and indeed the whole medical establishment—with such deep distrust.
Book Synopsis Medicine and Medical Ethics in Nazi Germany by : Francis R. Nicosia
Download or read book Medicine and Medical Ethics in Nazi Germany written by Francis R. Nicosia and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2002-05-30 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The participation of German physicians in medical experiments on innocent people and mass murder is one of the most disturbing aspects of the Nazi era and the Holocaust. Six distinguished historians working in this field are addressing the critical issues raised by these murderous experiments, such as the place of the Holocaust in the larger context of eugenic and racial research, the motivation and roles of the German medical establishment, and the impact and legacy of the eugenics movements and Nazi medical practice on physicians and medicine since World War II. Based on the authors' original scholarship, these essays offer an excellent and very accessible introduction to an important and controversial subject. They are also particularly relevant in light of current controversies over the nature and application of research in human genetics and biotechnology.
