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The Motion Of Low Rigidity Cosmic Rays In The Earths Magnetic Field And The Effects Of External Fields
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Book Synopsis The Motion of Low-rigidity Cosmic Rays in the Earth's Magnetic Field and the Effects of External Fields by : William R. Webber
Download or read book The Motion of Low-rigidity Cosmic Rays in the Earth's Magnetic Field and the Effects of External Fields written by William R. Webber and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A general approach is made to the discussion of motion of low-rigidity cosmic rays in a dipole field; it rests on the characteristics of the motion of these particles in the Alfven regime and a family of trajectories passing near the origin of the dipole itself, called nullbahnen, first calculated by Stormer. The general rigidity range of applicability of the method is discussed. It is found that within the range of applicability the asymptotic directions of the particles outside the earth field may be determined for a wide range of arrival latitudes and arrival directions with respect to the vertical without resorting to the numerical integration of trajectories. The presentation is extended to the earth's real field; asymptotic directions applicable to certain locations are presented and discussed for solar-flare particles and galactic variations detected by neutron monitors as well as lower-rigidity particles detectable only at balloon and satellite altitudes. The effects of external fields on the asymptotic directions are discussed. (Author).
Book Synopsis Cosmic Rays in Magnetospheres of the Earth and other Planets by : Lev Dorman
Download or read book Cosmic Rays in Magnetospheres of the Earth and other Planets written by Lev Dorman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-01-20 with total page 770 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problem of cosmic ray (CR) geomagnetic effects came to the fore at the beg- ning of the 1930s after the famous expeditions by J. Clay onboard ship (Slamat) between the Netherlands and Java using an ionization chamber. Many CR la- tude expeditions were organized by the famous scientists and Nobel Laureates R. Millikan and A. Compton. From the obtained latitude curves it follows that CRs cannot be gamma rays (as many scientists thought at that time), but must be charged particles. From measurements of azimuthally geomagnetic effect at that time it also followed that these charged particles must be mostly positive (see Chapter 1, and for more details on the history of the problem see monographs of Irina Dorman, M1981, M1989). The ?rst explanations of obtained results were based on the simple dipole - proximation of the geomagnetic ?eld and the theory of energetic charged particles moving in dipole magnetic ?elds, developed in 1907 by C. Stormer ̈ to explain the aurora phenomenon. Let us note that it was made about 5 years before V. Hess discovered CRs, and received the Nobel Prize in 1936 together with K. Anderson (for the discovery of CR and positrons in CR).
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 1064 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effects of Asymmetric Magnetospheric Currents on Cosmic Radiation by : Erwin O. Flückiger
Download or read book Effects of Asymmetric Magnetospheric Currents on Cosmic Radiation written by Erwin O. Flückiger and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Up to now, most studies were carried out assuming azimuthally symmetric currents, neglecting the well established longitudinal asymmetry in the geomagnetic disturbance at low- and mid-latitudes during magnetic storms. The asymmetric perturbations superposed upon a symmetric field depression has been attributed by several authors to a a longitudinally limited, partial ring current with field aligned closure through the auroral ionosphere (Cummings; Fukushima and Kamide; and references therein). It has been the objective of the research covered by this report to study the effects of such magnetospheric current systems on the propagation of cosmic ray particles through the domain of the earth's magnetosphere. The corresponding results were expected to demonstrate the significance of cosmic ray measurements as an additional tool for magnetospheric studies, especially in modeling the disturbed magnetic field in the magnetosphere. In this report, first the approach to the problem is reviewed in Section 2, and examples of the basic tools needed in the procedure are illustrated in Section 3. Then, in Section 4, the results of a simple study correlating local perturbations in the geomagnetic field with cosmic ray cutoff rigidity variations are discussed. Section 5 contains a summary of a detailed quantitative analysis on the effects of a partial ring current and of field-aligned currents on both cutoff rigidities and asymptotic directions in different latitude regions. In conclusions, the significance of the results obtained in the entire study is discussed in Section 6 for both magnetospheric and cosmic ray research.
Book Synopsis Nuclear Power Reactor Instrumentation Systems Handbook by : Joseph M. Harrer
Download or read book Nuclear Power Reactor Instrumentation Systems Handbook written by Joseph M. Harrer and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 1052 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NASA Technical Translation written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 882 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cosmic Rays in Interplanetary Magnetic Fields by : I.N. Toptygin
Download or read book Cosmic Rays in Interplanetary Magnetic Fields written by I.N. Toptygin and published by Springer. This book was released on 1985-12-31 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fast particles of natural or1g1n (cosmic rays) have been used for a long time as an important source of astrophysical and geophysical information. A study of cosmic ray spectra, time variations, abundances, gradients, and anisotropy provides a wealth of data on physical conditions in the regions of cosmic ray generation as well as in the media through which cosmic rays propagate. Astrophysical aspects of cosmic ray physics have been considered in a number of monograpqs. The most detailed seems to be "The Origin of Cosmic Rays" by V. L. Ginzburg and S. 1. Syrovatskij (1964) which is, however, concerned mainly with galactic cosmic rays. The physics of the circumsolar space is discussed in this book only rather briefly. Several other monographs have been devoted mostly to the physics of the interplanetary medium and cosmic rays in interplanetary space. These include the books by Dorman (1963, 1975a, b), Parker (1963), Dorman and Miroshnichenko (1968). The present monograph differs from the above mentioned books in two main aspects: (i) It presents a unified theoretical approach to analys{ng the properties of fast particles in interplanetary space, based upon consideration of cosmic rays as a highly energetic component of the interplane~ary plasma, which makes use of the plasma physics methods to describe the behaviour of cosmic rays.
Book Synopsis Journal of Geophysical Research by :
Download or read book Journal of Geophysical Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1963-04 with total page 2036 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis U.S. Government Research Reports by :
Download or read book U.S. Government Research Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 2180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Scientific and Technical Information Division Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :1152 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis NASA Scientific and Technical Reports by : United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Scientific and Technical Information Division
Download or read book NASA Scientific and Technical Reports written by United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Scientific and Technical Information Division and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 1152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effects of a Ring Current on Cosmic Radiation by : Ernest C. Ray
Download or read book Effects of a Ring Current on Cosmic Radiation written by Ernest C. Ray and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 834 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cosmic Rays in Magnetospheres of the Earth and other Planets by : Lev Dorman
Download or read book Cosmic Rays in Magnetospheres of the Earth and other Planets written by Lev Dorman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-01-28 with total page 770 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problem of cosmic ray (CR) geomagnetic effects came to the fore at the beg- ning of the 1930s after the famous expeditions by J. Clay onboard ship (Slamat) between the Netherlands and Java using an ionization chamber. Many CR la- tude expeditions were organized by the famous scientists and Nobel Laureates R. Millikan and A. Compton. From the obtained latitude curves it follows that CRs cannot be gamma rays (as many scientists thought at that time), but must be charged particles. From measurements of azimuthally geomagnetic effect at that time it also followed that these charged particles must be mostly positive (see Chapter 1, and for more details on the history of the problem see monographs of Irina Dorman, M1981, M1989). The ?rst explanations of obtained results were based on the simple dipole - proximation of the geomagnetic ?eld and the theory of energetic charged particles moving in dipole magnetic ?elds, developed in 1907 by C. Stormer ̈ to explain the aurora phenomenon. Let us note that it was made about 5 years before V. Hess discovered CRs, and received the Nobel Prize in 1936 together with K. Anderson (for the discovery of CR and positrons in CR).
Download or read book STAR written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 904 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effects of Asymmetric Magnetospheric Currents on Cosmic Radiation by : Erwin O. Flückiger
Download or read book Effects of Asymmetric Magnetospheric Currents on Cosmic Radiation written by Erwin O. Flückiger and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Up to now, most studies were carried out assuming azimuthally symmetric currents, neglecting the well established longitudinal asymmetry in the geomagnetic disturbance at low- and mid-latitudes during magnetic storms. The asymmetric perturbations superposed upon a symmetric field depression has been attributed by several authors to a a longitudinally limited, partial ring current with field aligned closure through the auroral ionosphere (Cummings; Fukushima and Kamide; and references therein). It has been the objective of the research covered by this report to study the effects of such magnetospheric current systems on the propagation of cosmic ray particles through the domain of the earth's magnetosphere. The corresponding results were expected to demonstrate the significance of cosmic ray measurements as an additional tool for magnetospheric studies, especially in modeling the disturbed magnetic field in the magnetosphere. In this report, first the approach to the problem is reviewed in Section 2, and examples of the basic tools needed in the procedure are illustrated in Section 3. Then, in Section 4, the results of a simple study correlating local perturbations in the geomagnetic field with cosmic ray cutoff rigidity variations are discussed. Section 5 contains a summary of a detailed quantitative analysis on the effects of a partial ring current and of field-aligned currents on both cutoff rigidities and asymptotic directions in different latitude regions. In conclusions, the significance of the results obtained in the entire study is discussed in Section 6 for both magnetospheric and cosmic ray research.
Book Synopsis Arctic Bibliography by : Arctic Institute of North America
Download or read book Arctic Bibliography written by Arctic Institute of North America and published by . This book was released on 1953 with total page 1634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Meteorological and Geoastrophysical Abstracts by :
Download or read book Meteorological and Geoastrophysical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 1340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering the world's literature on meteorology, climatology, atmospheric chemistry and physics, physical oceanography, hydrology, glaciology, and related environmental sciences.
