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The Mortality And Medical Costs Of Air Pollution
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Book Synopsis The Mortality and Medical Costs of Air Pollution by : Tatyana Deryugina
Download or read book The Mortality and Medical Costs of Air Pollution written by Tatyana Deryugina and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: We estimate the effect of acute air pollution exposure on mortality, life-years lost, and health care utilization among the US elderly. We address endogeneity and measurement error using a novel instrument for air pollution that strongly predicts changes in fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) concentrations: changes in the local wind direction. Using detailed administrative data on the universe of Medicare beneficiaries, we find that an increase in daily PM 2.5 concentrations increases three-day county-level mortality, hospitalizations, and inpatient spending, and that these effects are not explained by co-transported pollutants like ozone and carbon monoxide. We then develop a new methodology to estimate the number of life-years lost due to PM 2.5. Our estimate is much smaller than one calculated using traditional methods, which do not adequately account for the relatively low life expectancy of those killed by pollution. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that life-years lost due to PM 2.5 varies inversely with individual life expectancy, indicating that unhealthy individuals are disproportionately vulnerable to air pollution. However, the largest aggregate burden is borne by those with medium life expectancy, who are both vulnerable and comprise a large share of the elderly population
Book Synopsis Intra-urban Mortality and Air Quality by : John J. Gregor
Download or read book Intra-urban Mortality and Air Quality written by John J. Gregor and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Global Health Cost of PM2.5 Air Pollution by : World Bank
Download or read book The Global Health Cost of PM2.5 Air Pollution written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2022-01-20 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study, air pollution from fine particulate matter caused 6.4 million premature deaths and 93 billion days lived with illness in 2019. Over the past decade, the toll of ambient air pollution has continued to rise. Air pollution’s significant health, social, and economic effects compel the World Bank to support client countries in addressing air pollution as a core development challenge. This publication estimates that the global cost of health damages associated with exposure to air pollution is $8.1 trillion, equivalent to 6.1 percent of global GDP. People in low- and middle-income countries are most affected by mortality and morbidity from air pollution. The death rate associated with air pollution is significantly higher in low-and lower-middle income countries than in high-income countries. This publication further develops the evidence base for air-quality management through up-to-date estimates of air pollution’s global economic costs. The analyses presented here build on previous cost estimates by the Bank and its partners, as well as on more comprehensive air-quality data from monitoring stations in many cities across the world. By providing monetary estimates of air pollution’s health damages, this publication aims to support policy makers and decision-makers in client countries in prioritizing air pollution amid competing development challenges. Its findings build a robust economic case to invest scarce budgetary resources in the design and implementation of policies and interventions for improving air quality. Such investments will deliver benefits for societies at large, and particularly for vulnerable groups. This publication builds a strong case for scaling up investments for air pollution control in low-and middle-income countries.
Book Synopsis Impact of air pollution on the consumption of medical services by : Gobind S. Bhagia
Download or read book Impact of air pollution on the consumption of medical services written by Gobind S. Bhagia and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Economic Consequences of Outdoor Air Pollution by : OECD
Download or read book The Economic Consequences of Outdoor Air Pollution written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2016-06-09 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides a comprehensive assessment of the economic consequences of outdoor air pollution in the coming decades, focusing on the impacts on mortality, morbidity, and changes in crop yields as caused by high concentrations of pollutants.
Book Synopsis Air Pollution and Human Health by : Lester B. Lave
Download or read book Air Pollution and Human Health written by Lester B. Lave and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-18 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Upon competition of a ten year research project which analyzes the effect of air pollution and death rates in US cities, Lester B. Lave and Eugene P. Seskin conclude that the mortality rate in the US could shrink by seven percent with a similar if not greater decline in disease incidence if industries followed EPA regulations in cutting back on certain pollutant emissions. The authors claim that this reduction is sufficient to add one year to average life expectancy. Originally published in 1977.
Book Synopsis The Health Costs of Air Pollution by : Stewart W. Herman
Download or read book The Health Costs of Air Pollution written by Stewart W. Herman and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Air Quality Management in the United States by : National Research Council
Download or read book Air Quality Management in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-08-30 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Managing the nation's air quality is a complex undertaking, involving tens of thousands of people in regulating thousands of pollution sources. The authors identify what has worked and what has not, and they offer wide-ranging recommendations for setting future priorities, making difficult choices, and increasing innovation. This new book explores how to better integrate scientific advances and new technologies into the air quality management system. The volume reviews the three-decade history of governmental efforts toward cleaner air, discussing how air quality standards are set and results measured, the design and implementation of control strategies, regulatory processes and procedures, special issues with mobile pollution sources, and more. The book looks at efforts to spur social and behavioral changes that affect air quality, the effectiveness of market-based instruments for air quality regulation, and many other aspects of the issue. Rich in technical detail, this book will be of interest to all those engaged in air quality management: scientists, engineers, industrial managers, law makers, regulators, health officials, clean-air advocates, and concerned citizens.
Book Synopsis Air Pollution as a Risk Factor Affecting Human Health and Economic Costs by : Chris G. Tzanis
Download or read book Air Pollution as a Risk Factor Affecting Human Health and Economic Costs written by Chris G. Tzanis and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-05-16 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to the World Health Organization air pollution is one of the most important environmental risk to health, influencing the burden of disease such as stroke, heart disease, lung cancer but also chronic and acute respiratory diseases, including bronchial asthma. For years, WHO has also been alarming about the enormous number of premature deaths that are attributed each year to exposure to air pollution. It is estimated that air pollution is responsible for over 7 million human lives, of which over 4 million are attributed to the exposure to ambient (outdoor) air pollutants. Therefore, it is a leading factor determining the global scale of morbidity and mortality not only due to serious diseases of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems or neoplastic diseases, but also significantly affects the reduced quality of life, usually associated with disability caused by chronic disease.
Author :Committee for a Planning Study on Ongoing Study of Costs of Environmental-Related Health Effects Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 : Total Pages :236 pages Book Rating :4./5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Cost of Environmental-Related Health Effects: A Plan for Continuing Study by : Committee for a Planning Study on Ongoing Study of Costs of Environmental-Related Health Effects
Download or read book Cost of Environmental-Related Health Effects: A Plan for Continuing Study written by Committee for a Planning Study on Ongoing Study of Costs of Environmental-Related Health Effects and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1981-01-01 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Morbidity Cost of Air Pollution by : Panle Jia
Download or read book The Morbidity Cost of Air Pollution written by Panle Jia and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developing and fast-growing economies have some of the worse air pollution in the world, but there is a lack of systematic evidence on the health especially morbidity impact of air pollution in these countries. Based on the universe of credit and debit card transactions in China from 2013 to 2015, this paper provides to our knowledge the first analysis of the morbidity cost of PM2.5 for the entire population of a developing country. To address potential endogeneity in pollution exposure, we construct an instrumental variable by modeling the spatial spillovers of PM2.5 due to long-range transport. We propose a flexible distributed-lag model that incorporates the IV approach to capture the dynamic response to past pollution exposure. Our analysis shows that PM2.5 has a significant impact on healthcare spending in both the short and medium terms that survives an array of robustness checks. The annual reduction in national healthcare spending from complying with the World Health Organization’s annual standard of 10 mg/m3 would amount to $42 billion, or nearly 7% of China’s total healthcare spending in 2015. In contrast to the common perception that the morbidity impact is modest relative to the mortality impact, our estimated morbidity cost of air pollution is about two-thirds of the mortality cost from the recent literature.
Book Synopsis The Cost of Clean Air by : United States. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare
Download or read book The Cost of Clean Air written by United States. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Global Health Cost of Ambient PM2.5 Air Pollution by : Weltbankgruppe
Download or read book The Global Health Cost of Ambient PM2.5 Air Pollution written by Weltbankgruppe and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Air pollution is a major cause of death and disease. 'Ambient air pollution' refers to contamination of outdoor air; 'household air pollution' refers to contamination of indoor air. Ambient (or outdoor) air pollution is the world's leading environmental risk to health and the cause of morbidity and mortality from diseases such as ischemic heart disease, lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, stroke, and pneumonia. Most deaths related to air pollution are caused by human exposure to fine inhalable particles or fine particulate matter, also known as PM2.5. An estimated 4.1 million people died prematurely worldwide in 2016 due to exposure to outdoor PM2.5. About 90 percent of those deaths occurred in low- and middle-income countries. This report provides an estimate of the global, regional, and national costs of health damage-that is, premature mortality and morbidity-from exposure to ambient PM2.5 air pollution in 2016. Using the estimates of mortality and morbidity from ambient PM2.5 published in the Global Burden of Disease 2016 study, this report estimates the global cost of premature mortality and morbidity from exposure to ambient PM2.5 air pollution to be USD 5.7 trillion in 2016, equivalent to 4.8 percent of global gross domestic product in the same year. Global health crises further highlight the need for continued action in addressing a global and cross-cutting challenge such as air pollution. The current global COVID-19 pandemic underscores the importance of reducing air pollution through preventive and abatement measures. People who contract COVID-19 and have underlying medical problems such as heart disease, lung disease, and cancer, which are also associated with air pollution, are at a higher risk of developing serious illnesses that could lead to death.
Book Synopsis Cost of Air Pollution Damage by : Larry B. Barrett
Download or read book Cost of Air Pollution Damage written by Larry B. Barrett and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Clinical Handbook of Air Pollution-Related Diseases by : Fabio Capello
Download or read book Clinical Handbook of Air Pollution-Related Diseases written by Fabio Capello and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-21 with total page 677 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines in detail the clinical implications of those diseases that either are primarily triggered by air pollution or represent direct consequences of air pollutants. The aim is to provide medical practitioners with practical solutions to issues in diagnosis and treatment while simultaneously furnishing other interested parties with crucial information on the field. The book introduces the concept that air pollution-related diseases constitute a new class of pathologies. A wide range of conditions mainly attributable to air pollution are discussed, covering different body systems and pollution impacts in subsets of the population. In addition to presenting state of the art overviews of clinical aspects, the book carefully examines the implications of current knowledge for social and public health strategies aimed at disease prevention and prophylaxis. The Clinical Handbook of Air Pollution-Related Diseases will greatly assist doctors and healthcare workers when dealing with the consequences of air pollution in their everyday practice and will provide researchers, industry, and policymakers with valuable facts and insights.
Book Synopsis Outpatient Medical Costs Related to Air Pollution in the Portland-Vancouver Area by : John A. Jaksch
Download or read book Outpatient Medical Costs Related to Air Pollution in the Portland-Vancouver Area written by John A. Jaksch and published by 1973.. This book was released on 1972 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Social Costs of Morbidity Impacts of Air Pollution by :
Download or read book Social Costs of Morbidity Impacts of Air Pollution written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Outdoor air pollution is a major determinant of health worldwide. The greatest public health effects are from increased mortality in adults. However, both PM and O3 also cause a wide range of other, less serious, health outcomes; and there are effects on mortality and morbidity of other pollutants also, e.g. nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and sulphur dioxide (SO2). These adverse health effects have economic consequences; OECD (2014) suggests that the social costs of the health impact of outdoor air pollution in OECD countries, China and India was approximately USD 1.7 trillion and USD 1.9 trillion, respectively, in 2010. However, the study highlights that though the social costs of premature mortality account for the majority of these totals, the social costs of morbidity remain poorly estimated. The objective of this paper is to inform the development of improved estimates of the social costs of human morbidity impacts resulting from outdoor air pollution in two components; namely to develop a core set of pollutant-health end-points to be covered when estimating the costs of morbidity, and to review current estimates of the cost of morbidity from air pollution.
