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The Morphology Of Solid Liquid Contacting Efficiency In Trickle Bed Reactors
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Book Synopsis The Morphology of Solid-liquid Contacting Efficiency in Trickle-bed Reactors by : Arjan J. Van Houwelingen
Download or read book The Morphology of Solid-liquid Contacting Efficiency in Trickle-bed Reactors written by Arjan J. Van Houwelingen and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trickle-flow is traditionally modeled by means of hydrodynamic parameters such as liquid holdup, two-phase pressure drop and wetting efficiency. Several studies showed that these parameters are not only a function of flow conditions and bed properties, but also of the flow history and morphology of flow. These can have a major influence on the distribution in the bed. The effect of flow morphology on liquid holdup and pressure drop is widely discussed in literature, but little attention is paid to its effect on wetting efficiency. Trickle-bed reactor models suggest that not a only bed-averaged but also the distribution of wetting efficiency may be of importance for reactor performance. Both the average wetting efficiency and the distribution of wetting are probably a function flow history and morphology. The distribution of wetting efficiency for different flow morphologies were investigated by means of a colorometric method that was developed for this purpose. Representative wetting distributions could be obtained. Flow morphologies and liquid distributions were manipulated by means of the pre-wetting procedure that was performed prior to flow. Pulse and Levec pre-wetted beds were investigated. These distributions were explained in detail in terms of flow morphology. It was found that the average wetting efficiency in pulse pre-wetted beds are much higher than in Levec pre-wetted beds. All particles in the pulse pre-wetted beds at all investigated flow conditions were contacted by the flowing liquid. This was not the case for the Levec pre-wetted beds. It was found that the flow in Levec pre-wetted beds become similar to that in pulse pre-wetted beds at high liquid flow rates. It was investigated how these distributions can affect reactor modeling, based on popular particle-scale models that relate reactor efficiency to wetting efficiency. According to these models, the wetting efficiency distribution in pulse pre-wetted beds can be characterised by means of only its average value. This is not the case for Levec pre-wetted beds. These results are however a strong function of the models that were employed. Finally, some recommendations are made in terms of the preferred pre-wetting method or flow morphology for different types of reactions. These recommendations are also based on models and have not been verified with experiments.
Book Synopsis Liquid-solid Contacting in Trickle-bed Reactors by : Arjan Van Houwelingen
Download or read book Liquid-solid Contacting in Trickle-bed Reactors written by Arjan Van Houwelingen and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Morphology of Solid-liquid Contacting Efficiency in Trickle-flow by : Arjan Van Houwelingen
Download or read book The Morphology of Solid-liquid Contacting Efficiency in Trickle-flow written by Arjan Van Houwelingen and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Solid-liquid Mass Transfer in Trickle Bed Reactors by : Rita Joubert
Download or read book Solid-liquid Mass Transfer in Trickle Bed Reactors written by Rita Joubert and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydrodynamic multiplicity in the trickle flow, or low interaction, regime is a well documented phenomenon. Multiple hydrodynamic states are often presented in the form of hysteresis loops where the hydrodynamic parameter studied are shown as a function of the operating history of the bed, i.e. liquid and gas flow rates. In extreme cases the lower leg, representing an increase in liquid flow rate on a pre-wetted and drained bed, is commonly referred to as the Levec mode. The upper extreme, referred to as the Kan-liquid mode, represents a decrease in liquid flow rate after operation in the high interaction regime. The many reported studies investigating liquid-solid mass transfer in trickle beds have generally used either the dissolution or electrochemical techniques. Numerous researchers have used their data to develop correlations predicting solid-liquid mass transfer coefficients. Most of these studies do not specify the multiplicity mode of operation. Only two studies (Sims et al. (1993) and Van der Merwe, Nicol & Al-Dahhan (2008)) use both the Levec and Kan-liquid operating modes. Both of these studies suggest that solid-liquid mass transfer also exhibit multiplicity behaviour although the trends suggested or speculated differ from each other. Sims et al. (1993) found that a Kan-liquid operated bed will outperform a Levec operated bed: however in contrast to this Van der Merwe et al. (2008) speculated that a Levec operated bed is better suited for liquid limited reactions due to enhanced liquid-solid mass transfer in the Levec mode as a result of faster interstitial velocity. This study showed that solid-liquid mass transfer coefficients, measured with both the dissolution and electrochemical technique, show multiplicity behaviour. Two distinct operating regions were found, which corresponds to the Levec and Kan-liquid modes. Measurements taken using the electrochemical technique yielded solid-liquid mass transfer coefficients larger than those measured using the dissolution method. The experimental results agree with the trend found by Sims et al. (1993) but the mass transfer coefficients in this study were significantly lower. Additionally it was shown that the difference in mass transfer coefficients, in the two modes, cannot be explained by merely compensating for the differences in wetting efficiency and interstitial velocity, suggesting that the Levec mode has a larger percentage of stagnant or poorly irrigated zones. It was also shown that mass transfer coefficients measured at the top of the column is higher than those measured at the bottom, suggesting that the flow structure is changing as a function of axial length. Lastly, with regards to electrochemical measurements of liquid-solid mass transfer, it was shown that measurements using a single particle electrode compared well to that of a multiple packing electrode.
Book Synopsis Trickle Bed Reactors by : Vivek V. Ranade
Download or read book Trickle Bed Reactors written by Vivek V. Ranade and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-03-18 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a hybrid methodology for engineering of trickle bed reactors by integrating conventional reaction engineering models with state-of-the-art computational flow models. The content may be used in several ways and at various stages in the engineering process: it may be used as a basic resource for making appropriate reactor engineering decisions in practice; as study material for a course on reactor design, operation, or optimization of trickle bed reactors; or in solving practical reactor engineering problems. The authors assume some background knowledge of reactor engineering and numerical techniques. Facilitates development of high fidelity models for industrial applications Facilitates selection and application of appropriate models Guides development and application of computational models to trickle beds
Book Synopsis A General Model for Evaluation of Liquid Solid Contacting in Trickle Bed Reactors by : Karthik Balakrishnan
Download or read book A General Model for Evaluation of Liquid Solid Contacting in Trickle Bed Reactors written by Karthik Balakrishnan and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Chemical Reactor Design and Technology by : Hugo de Lasa
Download or read book Chemical Reactor Design and Technology written by Hugo de Lasa and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 839 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today's frustrations and anxieties resulting from two energy crises in only one decade, show us the problems and fragility of a world built on high energy consumption, accustomed to the use of cheap non-renewable energy and to the acceptance of eXisting imbalances between the resources and demands of countries. Despite all these stressing factors, our world is still hesitatins about the urgency of undertaking new and decisive research that could stabilize our future, Could this trend change in the near future? In our view, two different scenarios are possible. A renewed energy tension could take place with an unpredictable timing mostly related to political and economic factors, This could bring again scientists and technologists to a new state of shock and awaken our talents, A second interesting and beneficial scenario could result from the positive influence of a new generation of researchers that with or without immediate crisis, acting both in industry and academia, will face the challenge of developing technologies and processes to pave the way to a less vulnerable society, Because Chemical Reactor Design and Technology activities are at the heart of these required new technologies the timeliness of the NATO-Advanced Study Institute at the University of Western Ontario, London, was very appropriate.
Book Synopsis Industrial Catalytic Processes for Fine and Specialty Chemicals by : Sunil S Joshi
Download or read book Industrial Catalytic Processes for Fine and Specialty Chemicals written by Sunil S Joshi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-04-12 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Industrial Catalytic Processes for Fine and Specialty Chemicals provides a comprehensive methodology and state-of-the art toolbox for industrial catalysis. The book begins by introducing the reader to the interesting, challenging, and important field of catalysis and catalytic processes. The fundamentals of catalysis and catalytic processes are fully covered before delving into the important industrial applications of catalysis and catalytic processes, with an emphasis on green and sustainable technologies. Several case studies illustrate new and sustainable ways of designing catalysts and catalytic processes. The intended audience of the book includes researchers in academia and industry, as well as chemical engineers, process development chemists, and technologists working in chemical industries and industrial research laboratories. Discusses the fundamentals of catalytic processes, catalyst preparation and characterization, and reaction engineering Outlines the homogeneous catalytic processes as they apply to specialty chemicals Introduces industrial catalysis and catalytic processes for fine chemicals Includes a number of case studies to demonstrate the various processes and methods for designing green catalysts
Book Synopsis Multiphase Catalytic Reactors by : Zeynep Ilsen Önsan
Download or read book Multiphase Catalytic Reactors written by Zeynep Ilsen Önsan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-06-09 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a holistic approach to multiphase catalytic reactors from their modeling and design to their applications in industrial manufacturing of chemicals Covers theoretical aspects and examples of fixed-bed, fluidized-bed, trickle-bed, slurry, monolith and microchannel reactors Includes chapters covering experimental techniques and practical guidelines for lab-scale testing of multiphase reactors Includes mathematical content focused on design equations and empirical relationships characterizing different multiphase reactor types together with an assortment of computational tools Involves detailed coverage of multiphase reactor applications such as Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, fuel processing for fuel cells, hydrotreating of oil fractions and biofuels processing
Book Synopsis Liquid-solid Mass Transfer Coefficient in High Pressure Trickle Bed Reactor by : Stuart Wesley Highfill
Download or read book Liquid-solid Mass Transfer Coefficient in High Pressure Trickle Bed Reactor written by Stuart Wesley Highfill and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Three-phase Catalytic Reactors by : P. A. Ramachandran
Download or read book Three-phase Catalytic Reactors written by P. A. Ramachandran and published by Gordon & Breach Publishing Group. This book was released on 1983 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 716 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Book Synopsis Packed Bed Columns by : Nikolai Kolev
Download or read book Packed Bed Columns written by Nikolai Kolev and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-08-08 with total page 709 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Packed bed columns are largely employed for absorption, desorption, rectification and direct heat transfer processes in chemical and food industry, environmental protection and also processes in thermal power stations like water purification, flue gas heat utilization and SO2 removal. These Separation processes, are estimated to account for 40%-70% of capital and operating costs in process industry. Packed bed columns are widely employed in this area. Their usage also for direct heat transfer between gas and liquid, enlarge their importance. They are the best apparatuses, from thermodynamical point of view, for mass and heat transfer processes between gas and liquid phase. Their wide spreading is due to low capital investments and operating costs. Since 1995 there has not been published a specialised book in this area, and this is a period of quick development of packed columns. Packed Bed Columns reflects the state of this field including the author's experience on creating and investigating of new packings, column internals and industrial columns. Considers the theories of mass transfer processes and shows how they help the construction of highly effective packings Complete information about the performance characteristics of different modern types of highly effective packings Considers the models for calculation and areas of their application
Book Synopsis Analysis of Trickle-bed Reactors by : Chung-Sung Tan
Download or read book Analysis of Trickle-bed Reactors written by Chung-Sung Tan and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fixed Bed Operations by : Vladimír Staněk
Download or read book Fixed Bed Operations written by Vladimír Staněk and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 1994 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examining fixed bed systems from an engineering perspective, this text describes systems where gases or liquids pass through a layer of solid particles. These systems, in widespread use in a number of industries, include wastewater treatment, hydrogen storage, metallurgy and more.
Book Synopsis Contacting Effectiveness in Trickle Bed Reactors by : Vincent York-Leung Wong
Download or read book Contacting Effectiveness in Trickle Bed Reactors written by Vincent York-Leung Wong and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Contacting Effectiveness in Trickle Bed Reactors by : Claude Lécluze
Download or read book Contacting Effectiveness in Trickle Bed Reactors written by Claude Lécluze and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
