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The Missing Keystone Of Income Tax Treaties
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Book Synopsis The Missing Keystone of Income Tax Treaties by : Joanna Wheeler
Download or read book The Missing Keystone of Income Tax Treaties written by Joanna Wheeler and published by IBFD. This book was released on 2012 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Le site d'IBFD indique : "This thesis reveals a fundamental flaw in the OECD Model, namely that it pays no attention to the person who is liable to tax in respect of the income for which treaty benefits are claimed. This "missing keystone" causes two major problems of interpretation. One problem arises if the contracting states attribute the income to different persons; the myriad ways in which such a conflict can occur is illustrated by an extensive comparison of the domestic law of the Netherlands and the United Kingdom in this respect. This missing keystone also causes a disconnection between the two principal conditions for treaty entitlement. The treaty residence of the claimant is based on a general liability to tax in a contracting state, whereas the distributive articles focus on the ownership of the income. Interpretation problems arise if domestic law imposes a tax liability on a person who is not the owner of the income, for example under anti-avoidance legislation or a corporate group regime. In order to eliminate this fundamental flaw, the thesis proposes a "new approach" in which the criterion for treaty entitlement is liability to tax on the income, backed up by substantial connections between the income and the treaty claimant and between the treaty claimant and the residence state. The new approach is tested in various situations, many of them decided cases, and proves to give appropriate policy results while respecting the tax sovereignty of states. The thesis includes a proposal for a re-draft of the OECD Model on this basis."
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Ways and Means. Subcommittee on Oversight Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :182 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (9 download)
Book Synopsis Income Tax Treaties by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Ways and Means. Subcommittee on Oversight
Download or read book Income Tax Treaties written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Ways and Means. Subcommittee on Oversight and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Income Tax Treaties by : Jon E. Bischel
Download or read book Income Tax Treaties written by Jon E. Bischel and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 1000 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compilation of studies in the field of international taxation in United States bilateral tax treaties with other countries (the United Kingdom, France, Germany and Japan) as well as a description of structure and operation of tax treaties in general.
Book Synopsis U.S. Income Tax Treaties by : Richard L. Doernberg
Download or read book U.S. Income Tax Treaties written by Richard L. Doernberg and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Text originally prepared for a class. Includes course outline, assignments and supporting materials.
Book Synopsis The Impact of Tax Treaties and EU Law on Group Taxation Regimes by : Bruno da Silva
Download or read book The Impact of Tax Treaties and EU Law on Group Taxation Regimes written by Bruno da Silva and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2016-07-11 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Should the income of a corporate group be taxed differently solely because the traditional structure of the income tax system considers each company individually? Taxation affects business decisions, including location, the form in which business is carried out, and the efficient allocation of company resources. Disparities – differences arising from the interaction of different tax systems – and obstacles – distortions created by domestic legislation arising from differences between domestic and cross-border situations – both become more acute when a business chooses to set up or acquire other companies, thus forming a group, usually operating in multiple jurisdictions. Responding to such ever more common developments, this book is the first in-depth analysis of how tax treaties and EU law influence group taxation regimes. Among the issues and topics covered are the following: – analysis of the different tax group regimes adopted by different countries; – advantages and disadvantages of a variety of models; – application of the non-discrimination provision of Article 24 of the OECD Model Tax Convention to group taxation regimes; – application of the fundamental freedoms of the TFEU to group taxation regimes following the three-step approach adopted by the EU Court of Justice; – uncertainty raised by the landmark Marks & Spencer case, its interpretation and consequences to other group taxations regimes; – interrelations between tax treaties and EU Law in the context of tax groups; and – per-element approach. The analysis considers concrete examples as well as relevant case law. With its analysis of the standards required by the two sets of norms (tax treaties and EU law) and their interaction, particularly in terms of non-discrimination, this book sheds clear light on ways to overcome the disparities and obstacles inherent in group taxation regimes. As a thorough survey of the extent to which the interpretation of tax treaties and EU law affect group taxation regimes, this book has no peers. All taxation professionals, whether working in EU Member States or in EU trading partners, will appreciate its invaluable insights and guidance.
Book Synopsis United States Income Tax Treaties by : Klaus Vogel
Download or read book United States Income Tax Treaties written by Klaus Vogel and published by Springer. This book was released on 1989 with total page 1088 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive loose-leaf guide analysing United States income tax treaties. The commentary is divided into three parts providing general background information regarding income tax treaties and the model treaty process, commentary of the individual provisions of the US Model and of existing US treaties, appendices are included.
Book Synopsis Explanation of Proposed Income Tax Treaty and Proposed Protocol Between the United States and the Kingdom of Denmark by :
Download or read book Explanation of Proposed Income Tax Treaty and Proposed Protocol Between the United States and the Kingdom of Denmark written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis United States Tax Treaties by : United States
Download or read book United States Tax Treaties written by United States and published by Springer. This book was released on 1991-02-05 with total page 678 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains an array of material relating to the United States tax treaty network. It serves as a handy desk reference book that provides easy and quick access to the major US tax treaties, and offers the opportunity to compare several Model treaties with actual US treaties. In addition the book includes: withholding rate tables for dividends, interest and royalties in over 150 US and foreign income tax treaties; cross-reference tables for treaty provisions; a chronical listing of all present and past US income tax treaties; the 1963 and 1977 OECD, the 1980 UN and the 1981 US Model Treaties in tabular comparative form; major portions of the 1977 OECD Commentary; examples of estate and gift tax treaties (US-Germany) and of exchange of tax information agreements (US-Mexico); the recently signed Multilateral Convention on Mutual Administrative Assistance in Tax Matters, and an article on interpretation in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties.
Book Synopsis Tax Treaty Residence of Entities by : Jan Gooijer
Download or read book Tax Treaty Residence of Entities written by Jan Gooijer and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2019-09-13 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is of great importance to be able to determine who or what is considered ‘resident’ within the meaning of tax treaty provisions. However, the concept of residence has never been fundamentally adjusted to current circumstances in which technological developments make it possible for corporations to explore the wide gap between their actual business operations and the ‘legalistic’ requirements for corporate residence. In this study of the OECD Model Tax Convention – the basis for most tax treaties – the author develops a clear understanding of the content of the residence concept as regards entities and proposes solutions to current problems, finishing with his own thoroughgoing definition. In seeking a definition of the term ‘resident’ that covers all uses in treaties, the analysis draws on, in addition to the current and earlier iterations of the OECD Model Law itself, such elements as the following: domestic law meaning of residence in the tax law of France, Germany, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and the United States; Articles 31 and 32 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties; historical documents that uncover the ordinary meaning of treaty terms; tax treaty case law and court decisions; and fiscal, tax and legal scholarship surrounding the concept of residence for taxation purposes. The analysis includes a comprehensive description of tiebreaker rules, various perspectives on ‘place of effective management’ and policy considerations as to the further development of the treatment of entities under double tax conventions. Given the inordinate importance of the definition of ‘resident’, the differences in interpretation to which the current definition gives rise and the economic developments that call for an evaluation of the provision, this thorough examination of the treaty rules on residence of entities will be welcomed by tax lawyers, corporate counsel and policymakers and academics concerned with tax law. The author’s guidance on the concept of residence for tax purposes and his original proposals for reform will prove of great practical value for tax practitioners.
Book Synopsis Other Income under Tax Treaties by : Alexander Bosman
Download or read book Other Income under Tax Treaties written by Alexander Bosman and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2015-09-23 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bilateral tax treaties are often, to a greater or lesser extent, based on the OECD Model Convention. Among the distributive rules with respect to taxation of income which are laid down in Chapter III of that model, Article 21 assigns the tax jurisdiction in respect of "other income" - understood to mean items of income which are not dealt with in other provisions of the tax treaty - to the residence state in accordance with the main rule underlying the OECD Model, thus ensuring that no income falls outside the scope of the treaty. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of Article 21 of the OECD Model. In extensive detail, and with reference to case law from a number of jurisdictions and to statements of various authorities and official documents, the author shows how Article 21 operates in relation to the other distributive rules of the OECD Model and bilateral tax treaties based thereon. The analysis considers such items of income as the following in relation to Article 21: - income from immovable property; - business profits; - profits from shipping, inland waterways transport, and air transport; - dividends, interest, and royalties; - capital gains; and - income from employment. In addition, the author examines the significance of the OECD Commentaries for the interpretation of tax treaties, the "other income" article in other model conventions, and notable deviations from Article 21 among bilateral tax treaties. An appendix offers well-grounded recommendations on how to potentially amend the wording of Article 21 and the related commentary and how the application of the article can be improved. Although underexposed in the tax law literature heretofore, the "other income" article raises important international taxation issues that remain problematic or unresolved. Tax lawyers, government officials, and other interested professionals will find here a penetrating analysis that goes a long way towards clarifying the characterisation of income that resists the standard categories defined in tax treaties.
Book Synopsis Klaus Vogel on Double Taxation Conventions by : Ekkehart Reimert
Download or read book Klaus Vogel on Double Taxation Conventions written by Ekkehart Reimert and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2022-01-18 with total page 3112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Klaus Vogel on Double Taxation Conventions is regarded as the international gold standard on the law of tax treaties. This article-by-article commentary has been completely revised and updated to give you a full and current account of double tax conventions (DTCs). DTCs form the backbone of international taxation, but they raise many interpretational questions. This market leading work will provide you with the answers. Based on the OECD/G20 Multilateral Instrument, the OECD MC and Commentary published in 2017 and the most recent amendments to the UN MC, the book also includes relevant case law and scholarly literature upto and including 2020. Previous editions of the Vogel have been routinely relied on by courts around the world including Australia, Canada, Germany, India, South Africa, the Netherlands and United Kingdom. What’s new in this edition? There have been many important developments in this area since the last edition in 2015. The authors discuss these developments and the effect they will have upon practitioners working in this area. They also provide a wealth of new and revised case law, along with the DTCs of emerging countries. You’ll find: Reports about major features in the DTC practice of many leading jurisdictions, such as: the DTC practice of Austria, Canada, France, Germany, India, the Netherlands, Switzerland, the UK and the US Sections on divergent country practice covering their national models and networks of bilateral DTCs Thorough analysis of the OECD and UN model, as well as the implementation of these models in practice Amendments of bilateral DTCs, textual or in substance, on the basis of the 2017 Anti-BEPS Multilateral Instrument Coverage of a full range of the latest tax treaties around the world, including important treaties between OECD and BRICS countries This new Fifth Edition of Klaus Vogel on Double Taxation Conventions continues to reflect the unchallenged role of the OECD. The OECD MC, accompanied by the official Commentary, guidelines, reports and other recommendations, has sustained its position as the most important legal instrument in the area of DTCs. On occasion, the UN MC and Commentary diverge from the OECD texts. When this happens, the authors deal with the specifics of the UN MC in separate annotations and analyses, explaining and making sure you understand the differences. How this will help you: All the information you need to confidently advise on issues such as the taxation of income, taxation of capital and the elimination of double taxation Know that your advice to clients is based on the most up-to-date and respected information available, from an outstanding team of editors and authors The editors, Professors Ekkehart Reimer and Alexander Rust, have worked with the late Professor Vogel as well as an international team of top experts to completely update and enhance the content. The writing team comprises: Editors: Prof. Dr Ekkehart Reimer, Heidelberg University and Prof. Dr Alexander Rust, WU Vienna. Authors: Johannes Becker, Federal Ministry of Finance, Berlin; Alexander Blank, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; Katharina Blank, Federal Ministry of Finance, Berlin; Michael Blank, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Prof. Dr Luc De Broe, Catholic University of Leuven; Laga; Prof. Dr Axel Cordewener, Catholic University of Leuven and Flick Gocke Schaumburg ; Prof. Dr Ana Paula Dourado, University of Lisbon; Daniela Endres-Reich, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; Prof. Dr Werner Haslehner, University of Luxembourg; Prof. Dr Roland Ismer, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; Prof. Dr Eric C. C. M. Kemmeren , Tilburg University; Prof. Dr Georg Kofler, WU Vienna; Sophia Piotrowski, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; Prof. Dr Ekkehart Reimer, Heidelberg University; Prof. Dr Alexander Rust, WU Vienna; Annika Streicher, WU Vienna; Prof. Dr. Matthias Valta, Duesseldorf University; Jens Wittendorff, Ernst & Young, Copenhagen and University of Aarhus; Kamilla Zembala, Heidelberg University
Book Synopsis Tax Treaty Case Law around the Globe 2023 by : Georg Kofler
Download or read book Tax Treaty Case Law around the Globe 2023 written by Georg Kofler and published by Linde Verlag GmbH. This book was released on 2024-04-17 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Global Overview of International Tax Disputes on DTC This book is a unique publication that gives a global overview of international tax disputes on double tax conventions and thereby fills a gap in the area of tax treaty case law. It covers the 29 most important tax treaty cases that were decided around the world in 2022. The systematic structure of each chapter allows for the easy and efficient study and comparison of the various methods adopted for applying and interpreting tax treaties in different cases. With the continuously increasing importance of tax treaties, Tax Treaty Case Law around the Globe 2023 is a valuable reference tool for anyone interested in tax treaty case law. This book is of interest to tax practitioners, multinational businesses, policymakers, tax administrators, judges, and academics.
Author :Pablo A Hernández González-Barreda Publisher :Bloomsbury Publishing ISBN 13 :150992308X Total Pages :429 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (99 download)
Book Synopsis Beneficial Ownership in Tax Law and Tax Treaties by : Pablo A Hernández González-Barreda
Download or read book Beneficial Ownership in Tax Law and Tax Treaties written by Pablo A Hernández González-Barreda and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2020-05-28 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the concept of beneficial ownership in equity law, the domestic tax laws of the United Kingdom, Canada and the United States, as well as its varied and increasing uses in international tax law. By analysing the evolution of beneficiary rights in equity and the use of beneficial ownership wording in tax law, the book draws a roadmap for dealing with beneficial ownership in both national and international tax law. This approach highlights those common misconceptions that can be avoided by understanding the origins of the concept and its engagement with equity, as well as the differences with tax law. However, the book does not limit itself to dealing with theoretical discussion, but also offers an instructive and detailed practical case study. Offering both academic commentary and a practitioner focus, the book will be of the utmost interest to scholars and practitioners from common and civil law countries dealing with tax and estate law, particularly given beneficial ownership's increasing relevance.
Book Synopsis Hybrid Entities in Tax Treaty Law by : Sriram Govind
Download or read book Hybrid Entities in Tax Treaty Law written by Sriram Govind and published by Linde Verlag GmbH. This book was released on 2020-09-03 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tax treaty law and EU tax law in connection with hybrid entities Hybrid entities have traditionally been used as an avenue for international tax planning, and extending benefits under tax treaties to such entities has been a source of controversy for many years now. Although the OECD Partnership Report provided solid policy footing on this issue, there was still no common legal basis that countries could rely on for such positions. The increasing focus of countries towards the curbing of tax avoidance and abuse involving hybrid mismatch arrangements culminated in a specific action plan in the BEPS Project being dedicated to the design of domestic rules and the development of treaty provisions that would neutralize the tax effects of such arrangements. This volume provides an in-depth analysis of various aspects of this topic. It is divided into two parts – the first dealing exclusively with tax treaty issues arising in connection with hybrid entities and the second dealing with EU tax law issues surrounding hybrid entities. The former part comprises chapters analysing how tax treaties have historically dealt with this issue with a focus on domestic court jurisprudence, the positions in the OECD and the UN Model Conventions, the developments that have come about owing to the BEPS Project, and the impact of several existing measures, regimes, and vehicles on these tax treaty provisions. The latter part comprises chapters on how hybrid entities are dealt with under primary EU law, under various secondary law directives including the newly enacted Anti-Tax Avoidance Directives, and an analysis of policy solutions offered in this direction.
Book Synopsis U.S. Income Tax Treaties by : Karl L. Kellar
Download or read book U.S. Income Tax Treaties written by Karl L. Kellar and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ... covers the benefits granted under a bilateral income tax treaty by one of the parties to the treaty to its own residents and citizens. Among these benefits are: (1) elimination or reduction of the tax liabilities of a country's residents and citizens in order to provide relief from double taxation that would otherwise arise from the other country's imposition of tax on the same items of income, with a focus on treaty and Code resourcing provisions; (2) elimination or reduction of the tax liabilities of a country's residents and citizens with respect to specific types of income for which the treaty assigns primary taxing jurisdiction to the other country (e.g., compensation for government employment, benefits from and contributions to pensions and retirement plans, and alimony and child support); (3) correlative adjustments in the case of transfer pricing adjustments involving associated enterprises; (4) the Mutual Agreement Procedure, under which a person may invoke a procedure for bilateral negotiations to relieve double taxation not otherwise resolved by the treaty's provisions; and (5) non-discrimination, under which Contracting States cannot discriminate against each other's nationals or residents in matters of taxation.
Book Synopsis Preventing Treaty Abuse by : Daniel Blum
Download or read book Preventing Treaty Abuse written by Daniel Blum and published by Linde Verlag GmbH. This book was released on 2016-09-19 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analysis of notion, roots und measures of treaty abuse The OECD initiative on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting has put the issue of treaty abuse and the means to counter it on top of the global political agenda. Preventing treaty abuse is therefore currently one of the most debated topics in international tax law. Diverging national legal traditions in combatting abuse both under domestic and tax treaty law have led to a globally diversified legal framework in this respect and make the OECD’s agenda to harmonize these attempts even more challenging. The aim of this book is to analyze the notion of treaty abuse, its historical roots and the measures to counter it. The book’s topics cover a wide range of both policy and legal issues. The contributions’ main focus lies onanalyzing the proposals put forward by the OECD in BEPS action items 6 and 7. In addition, this book analyzes the lessons which can be learnt from the US tax treaty policy and elaborates on the effects the intensified fight against treaty abuse will have from a Non-OECD member state perspective. Also EU law is taken into account and the question raised which impact the fundamental freedoms might have on the development of new anti-avoidance rules. Finally the relation between domestic and treaty based anti-avoidance is analyzed in great detail, identifying the methodical problems of ensuring a sound and abuse safe legal framework. With this book, the authors and editors hope to contribute to the discussion on selected issues of preventing treaty abuse and the challenges they present to policy makers, judges, tax administrations and tax advisers.
Book Synopsis Principles of International Taxation by : Lynne Oats
Download or read book Principles of International Taxation written by Lynne Oats and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2021-09-30 with total page 709 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides a clear introduction to international taxation and presents its material in a global context, explaining policy, legal issues and planning points central to taxation issues, primarily from the viewpoint of a multinational group of companies. It uses examples and diagrams throughout to aid the reader's understanding and offers more in-depth material on many important areas of the subject. Traditionally published every 2 years in both print and digital formats, this content is a core requirement for student reading lists at both undergraduate and post graduate level. Fully updated to cover all new tax legislation and developments in light of the OECD BEPS project implementation, key areas to be included in this new edition are: - changes proposed by BEPS 2.0 in relation to taxation and the digital economy, including Pillar Two and the proposed new UN Model Article 12B; - further progress on the implantation of OECD Base Erosion and Profit Shifting implementation, including: -- an update on the implementation of BEPS recommendations including artificial avoidance of permanent establishment status and prevention of treaty abuse; -- the implementation of transfer pricing documentation and country-by-country reporting; -- multilateral instrument implementation; - the impact of Covid-19 on international taxation; - further developments in European direct taxation including the transparency package, directives on anti-tax avoidance and the common corporate tax base and state aid cases (Apple in particular) and updates to the Directive on Administrative Cooperation, and the new communication on Business Taxation for the 21st Century. - Proposals in relation to the taxation of digital business, in particular the OECD's unified approach and the UN modifications to the Model Double Taxation Convention. - Proposals for a global minimum corporate tax rate to curb base erosion and tax competition.
