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The Metabolic Inflammatory Axis In Brain Aging And Neurodegeneration
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Book Synopsis The Metabolic-Inflammatory Axis in Brain Aging and Neurodegeneration by : Fei Yin
Download or read book The Metabolic-Inflammatory Axis in Brain Aging and Neurodegeneration written by Fei Yin and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-08-16 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Impairment of energy metabolism is a hallmark of brain aging and several neurodegenerative diseases, such as the Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Age- and disease-related hypometabolism is commonly associated with oxidative stress and they are both regarded as major contributors to the decline in synaptic plasticity and cognition. Neuroinflammatory changes, entailing microglial activation and elevated expression of inflammatory cytokines, also correlate with age-related cognitive decline. It is still under debate whether the mitochondrial dysfunction-induced metabolic deficits or the microglia activation-mediated neuroinflammation is the initiator of the cognitive changes in aging and AD. Nevertheless, multiple lines of evidence support the notion that mitochondrial dysfunction and chronic inflammation exacerbate each other, and these mechanistic diversities have cellular redox dysregulation as a common denominator. This research topic focuses on the role of a metabolic-inflammatory axis encompassing the bioenergetic activity, brain inflammatory responses and their redox regulation in healthy brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Dynamic interactions among these systems are reviewed in terms of their causative or in-tandem occurrence and how the systemic environment, –e.g., insulin resistance, diabetes, and systemic inflammation–, impacts on brain function.
Book Synopsis The Metabolic-Inflammatory Axis in Brain Aging and Neurodegeneration by :
Download or read book The Metabolic-Inflammatory Axis in Brain Aging and Neurodegeneration written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Impairment of energy metabolism is a hallmark of brain aging and several neurodegenerative diseases, such as the Alzheimer's disease (AD). Age- and disease-related hypometabolism is commonly associated with oxidative stress and they are both regarded as major contributors to the decline in synaptic plasticity and cognition. Neuroinflammatory changes, entailing microglial activation and elevated expression of inflammatory cytokines, also correlate with age-related cognitive decline. It is still under debate whether the mitochondrial dysfunction-induced metabolic deficits or the microglia activation-mediated neuroinflammation is the initiator of the cognitive changes in aging and AD. Nevertheless, multiple lines of evidence support the notion that mitochondrial dysfunction and chronic inflammation exacerbate each other, and these mechanistic diversities have cellular redox dysregulation as a common denominator. This research topic focuses on the role of a metabolic-inflammatory axis encompassing the bioenergetic activity, brain inflammatory responses and their redox regulation in healthy brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Dynamic interactions among these systems are reviewed in terms of their causative or in-tandem occurrence and how the systemic environment, -e.g., insulin resistance, diabetes, and systemic inflammation-, impacts on brain function.
Book Synopsis Metabolic and Bioenergetic Drivers of Neurodegenerative Disease: Neurodegenerative Disease Research and Commonalities with Metabolic Diseases by :
Download or read book Metabolic and Bioenergetic Drivers of Neurodegenerative Disease: Neurodegenerative Disease Research and Commonalities with Metabolic Diseases written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-07-30 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metabolic Drivers and Bioenergetic Components of Neurodegenerative Disease summarizes recent developments in intervention trials in neurodegenerative diseases, particularly Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, as well as increasing evidence for the overlap between drivers of metabolic and neurodegenerative disease that impact mitochondrial function and bioenergetics, and subsequently cellular function and pathophysiology. Topics covered include Brain Glucose and Ketone Utilization in Brain Ageing and Neurodegenerative Diseases; the Mitochondrial Hypothesis: Dysfunction, Bioenergetic Defects, and the Metabolic Link to Alzheimer’s Disease; the Metabolic Impact on Neuroinflammation and Microglial Modulation in Neurodegenerative Diseases, the Impact of Circadian and Diurnal Rhythms on Cellular Metabolic Function and Neurodegenerative Diseases, and much more. Summarizes the current status of and future research in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases Reviews the impact of the metabolic hypothesis on underlying mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases
Book Synopsis Metabolic and Bioenergetic Drivers of Neurodegenerative Disease: Treating Neurodegenerative Diseases as Metabolic Diseases by :
Download or read book Metabolic and Bioenergetic Drivers of Neurodegenerative Disease: Treating Neurodegenerative Diseases as Metabolic Diseases written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-08-25 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metabolic Drivers and Bioenergetic Components of Neurodegenerative Disease reviews how the different aspects of metabolic dysfunction and consequent pathology associated with neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, can be targeted by novel treatment approaches. Topics covered include Cellular Senescence in Aging and Age-Related Disorders: Implications for Neurodegenerative Diseases; Repurposing GLP1 agonists for Neurodegenerative Diseases; Ketotherapeutics for Neurodegenerative Diseases; Enhancing Mitophagy as a Therapeutic Approach for Neurodegenerative Diseases; Harnessing Neurogenesis in the Adult Brain – A Role in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Alzheimer’s disease; and much more. Summarizes the impact of the metabolic hypothesis on underlying mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases Presents novel, potential treatment strategies based on the metabolic hypothesis for neurodegenerative diseases
Book Synopsis Neurodegenerative Diseases by : Shamim I. Ahmad
Download or read book Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Shamim I. Ahmad and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-03-12 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The editor of this volume, having research interests in the field of ROS production and the damage to cellular systems, has identified a number of enzymes showing ·OH scavenging activities details of which are anticipated to be published in the near future as confirmatory experiments are awaited. It is hoped that the information presented in this book on NDs will stimulate both expert and novice researchers in the field with excellent overviews of the current status of research and pointers to future research goals. Clinicians, nurses as well as families and caregivers should also benefit from the material presented in handling and treating their specialised cases. Also the insights gained should be valuable for further understanding of the diseases at molecular levels and should lead to development of new biomarkers, novel diagnostic tools and more effective therapeutic drugs to treat the clinical problems raised by these devastating diseases.
Book Synopsis The Melanocortin System by : Roger D. Cone
Download or read book The Melanocortin System written by Roger D. Cone and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the decade before the publication of this study, melanocortin biology matured. Three additional receptors were discovered, and animal models were established addressing the function of each receptor. Researchers now know that the diverse physiologic responses to melanocortins - including their role in development, weight and endocrine regulation, cortisol production, secretion from exocrine glands, and pigmentation - can be defined in terms of individual receptors. In this text, contributors from the field of evolutionary biology, peptide chemistry, pigmentation biology, neuroscience, endocrinology and genetics provide the reader with a comprehensive review of melanocortin biology. Six areas of active research are addressed: peptide and small molecule chemistry; receptor structure and function; energy homeostasis; pigmentation; adrenocorticol function; and behaviour. There are 56 papers and 20 posters altogether, taken from the Fifth Melanocortin Meeting, held in 2002.
Book Synopsis Oxidative Stress and Neurodegenerative Disorders by : G. Ali Qureshi
Download or read book Oxidative Stress and Neurodegenerative Disorders written by G. Ali Qureshi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-03-22 with total page 795 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxidative stress is the result of an imbalance in pro-oxidant/antioxidant homeostasis that leads to the generation of toxic reactive oxygen species. Brain cells are continuously exposed to reactive oxygen species generated by oxidative metabolism, and in certain pathological conditions defense mechanisms against oxygen radicals may be weakened and/or overwhelmed. DNA is a potential target for oxidative damage, and genomic damage can contribute to neuropathogenesis. It is important therefore to identify tools for the quantitative analysis of DNA damage in models on neurological disorders. This book presents detailed information on various neurodegenerative disorders and their connection with oxidative stress. This information will provide clinicians with directions to treat these disorders with appropriate therapy and is also of vital importance for the drug industries for the design of new drugs for treatment of degenerative disorders.* Contains the latest information on the subject of neurodegenerative disorders* Reflects on various factors involved in degeneration and gives suggestions for how to tackle these problems
Book Synopsis Handbook on Immunosenescence by : Tamas Fulop
Download or read book Handbook on Immunosenescence written by Tamas Fulop and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-02-27 with total page 1693 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This authoritative handbook covers all aspects of immunosenescence, with contributions from experts in the research and clinical areas. It examines methods and models for studying immunosenescence; genetics; mechanisms including receptors and signal transduction; clinical relevance in disease states including infections, autoimmunity, cancer, metabolic syndrome, neurodegenerative diseases, frailty and osteoporosis; and much more.
Book Synopsis Sex Hormones in Neurodegenerative Processes and Diseases by : Gorazd Drevensek
Download or read book Sex Hormones in Neurodegenerative Processes and Diseases written by Gorazd Drevensek and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-05-02 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides chapters on sex hormones and their modulation in neurodegenerative processes and pathologies, from basic molecular mechanisms, physiology, gender differences, to neuroprotection and clinical aspects for potential novel pharmacotherapy approaches. The book contains 14 chapters written by authors from various biomedical professions, from basic researchers in biology and physiology to medicine and veterinary medicine, pharmacologists, psychiatrist, etc. Chapters sum up the past and current knowledge on sex hormones, representing original new insights into their role in brain functioning, mental disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. The book is written for a broad range of audience, from biomedical students to highly profiled medical specialists and biomedical researchers, helping them to expand their knowledge on sex hormones in neurodegenerative processes and opening new questions for further investigation.
Book Synopsis Diseases of the Brain, Head and Neck, Spine 2020–2023 by : Juerg Hodler
Download or read book Diseases of the Brain, Head and Neck, Spine 2020–2023 written by Juerg Hodler and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-14 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book offers an essential overview of brain, head and neck, and spine imaging. Over the last few years, there have been considerable advances in this area, driven by both clinical and technological developments. Written by leading international experts and teachers, the chapters are disease-oriented and cover all relevant imaging modalities, with a focus on magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography. The book also includes a synopsis of pediatric imaging. IDKD books are rewritten (not merely updated) every four years, which means they offer a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art in imaging. The book is clearly structured and features learning objectives, abstracts, subheadings, tables and take-home points, supported by design elements to help readers navigate the text. It will particularly appeal to general radiologists, radiology residents, and interventional radiologists who want to update their diagnostic expertise, as well as clinicians from other specialties who are interested in imaging for their patient care.
Book Synopsis Sex Steroids' Effects on Brain, Heart and Vessels by : Roberta Diaz Brinton
Download or read book Sex Steroids' Effects on Brain, Heart and Vessels written by Roberta Diaz Brinton and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-29 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes the effects of estrogens and progesterone on brain cells, the immune system, neuro inflammation, myelin formation and steroid receptor distribution, as well as their clinical impacts. It also explores the relationship between sex-steroid withdrawal and the development of brain symptoms such as hot flushes, sleep disorders, mood changes, depression and also cognitive disorders and dementia, as well as the effects of hormone menopause therapy on such symptoms and diseases. Starting with obstetrical history and cardiovascular risk in later life, the second part of the book examines the effects of estrogens and progestogens on vascular tissues, atherosclerosis and coronary heart diseases, as well as the impact of hormone replacement therapies on cardiovascular risks and mortality. This volume is a useful, clear and up-to-date tool for gynecologists, endocrinologists, neurologists and cardiologists, and serves as a valuable source of information for all physicians involved in women’s health.
Book Synopsis Microbial Endocrinology by : Mark Lyte
Download or read book Microbial Endocrinology written by Mark Lyte and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-04-06 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial endocrinology represents a newly emerging interdisciplinary field that is formed by the intersection of the fields of neurobiology and microbiology. This book will introduce a new perspective to the current understanding not only of the factors that mediate the ability of microbes to cause disease, but also to the mechanisms that maintain normal homeostasis. The discovery that microbes can directly respond to neuroendocrine hormones, as evidenced by increased growth and production of virulence-associated factors, provides for a new framework with which to investigate how microorganisms interface not only with vertebrates, but also with invertebrates and even plants. The reader will learn that the neuroendocrine hormones that one most commonly associates with mammals are actually found throughout the plant, insect and microbial communities to an extent that will undoubtedly surprise many, and most importantly, how interactions between microbes and neuroendocrine hormones can influence the pathophysiology of infectious disease.
Book Synopsis Neurodegenerative Diseases: From Gut-Brain Axis to Brain Microbiome by : George Tetz
Download or read book Neurodegenerative Diseases: From Gut-Brain Axis to Brain Microbiome written by George Tetz and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-06-08 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While there are growing line of evidence for the role of the gut microbiome in different neurodegenerative diseases, the role and even the existence of the brain microbiome is only starting to be uncovered. Indeed, the brain was long considered to be a sterile environment and only recent studies have shown the presence of bacteria and fungi in the human central nervous system, and even inhabiting brain cells. The so called “brain microbiome” is appealing and immediately drew attention, since it is highly possible that microorganisms could have profound direct effects on a variety of processes in the brain, with the non-limiting examples of neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases triggering and progression. However, the brain microbiome remains poorly understood and even despite recent technological advances, is has only began to be explored.
Book Synopsis Etiology of Parkinson's Disease by : Jonas H. Ellenberg
Download or read book Etiology of Parkinson's Disease written by Jonas H. Ellenberg and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1995-03-01 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive reference provides a detailed overview of current concepts regarding the cause of Parkinson's disease-emphasizing the issues involved in the design, implementation, and analysis of epidemiological studies of parkinsonism.
Book Synopsis Metformin: Beyond Diabetes by : Frederic Bost
Download or read book Metformin: Beyond Diabetes written by Frederic Bost and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-01-24 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Glutamate/GABA-Glutamine Cycle by : Arne Schousboe
Download or read book The Glutamate/GABA-Glutamine Cycle written by Arne Schousboe and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-25 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamental biochemical studies of basic brain metabolism focusing on the neuroactive amino acids glutamate and GABA combined with the seminal observation that one of the key enzymes, glutamine synthetase is localized in astroglial cells but not in neurons resulted in the formulation of the term “The Glutamate-Glutamine Cycle.” In this cycle glutamate released from neurons is taken up by surrounding astrocytes, amidated by the action of glutamine synthetase to glutamine which can be transferred back to the neurons. The conversion of glutamate to glutamine is like a stealth technology, hiding the glutamate molecule which would be highly toxic to neurons due to its excitotoxic action. This series of reactions require the concerted and precise interaction of a number of enzymes and plasma membrane transporters, and this volume provides in-depth descriptions of these processes. Obviously such a series of complicated reactions may well be prone to malfunction and therefore neurological diseases are likely to be associated with such malfunction of the enzymes and transporters involved in the cycle. These aspects are also discussed in several chapters of the book. A number of leading experts in neuroscience including intermediary metabolism, enzymology and transporter physiology have contributed to this book which provides comprehensive discussions of these different aspects of the functional importance of the glutamate-glutamine cycle coupling homeostasis of glutamatergic, excitatory neurotransmission to basic aspects of brain energy metabolism. This book will be of particular importance for students as well as professionals interested in these fundamental processes involved in brain function and dysfunction.
Book Synopsis Mechanisms of Neuroinflammation by : Gonzalo Emiliano Aranda Abreu
Download or read book Mechanisms of Neuroinflammation written by Gonzalo Emiliano Aranda Abreu and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-08-23 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Mechanisms of Neuroinflammation" book explains how the neuronal cells become swollen at the moment of the blood-brain barrier disruption and how they lose their immunological isolation. A cascade of cytokines and immune cells from the bloodstream enters the nervous system, inflaming neurons and activating the glia. This produces a neuroinflammatory process that can generate different neurodegenerative diseases. Better understanding of mechanisms that are activated at the time when the damage to the brain occurs could lead to the development of suitable therapies that revert the neuronal inflammation and thus prevent further damage to the nervous system.
