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The Mediating And Moderating Effects Of Social Support On The Relation Between Childhood Maltreatment And Adult Victimization Of Low Income African American Women
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Book Synopsis The Mediating and Moderating Effects of Social Support on the Relation Between Childhood Maltreatment and Adult Victimization of Low-income African American Women by : Marnette Bender
Download or read book The Mediating and Moderating Effects of Social Support on the Relation Between Childhood Maltreatment and Adult Victimization of Low-income African American Women written by Marnette Bender and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Childhood Maltreatment and Adult Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Symptomotology in Abused, Suicidal, Low-income, African American Women by : Sarah E. Dunn
Download or read book Childhood Maltreatment and Adult Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Symptomotology in Abused, Suicidal, Low-income, African American Women written by Sarah E. Dunn and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are elevated rates of childhood maltreatment and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology in low-income, abused, suicidal African American women. This investigation aimed to: (1) identify the components of childhood maltreatment in this sample; (2) ascertain whether or not the constructs of childhood maltreatment and PTSD symptomatology were associated in this sample; and (3) examine if maladaptive coping mediated the childhood maltreatment-PTSD symptomatology link and if the magnitude of the mediated relationship was influenced by level of social support (i.e., moderated mediation). Specific types of childhood maltreatment generally loaded onto three components according to a principal components analysis (PCA) of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire: physical-emotional abuse, sexual-emotional abuse, and neglect. Women who endorsed experiencing higher levels of two of the childhood maltreatment components (physical-emotional abuse and sexual-emotional abuse) reported higher levels of current PTSD symptomatology. However, contrary to the study hypotheses, current level of maladaptive coping did not mediate the relationship between child maltreatment and current PTSD symptomatology. Further, the addition of social support did not change this finding. Results are discussed, clinical implications are explored, and recommendations for future studies are offered.
Book Synopsis Long-term Effects of Childhood Maltreatment on Adult Sexual Risk Behavior and Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Black Females in the United States by : Rotrease S. Regan
Download or read book Long-term Effects of Childhood Maltreatment on Adult Sexual Risk Behavior and Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Black Females in the United States written by Rotrease S. Regan and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Women on Probation and Parole by : Merry Morash
Download or read book Women on Probation and Parole written by Merry Morash and published by UPNE. This book was released on 2010 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first in-depth comparative look at gender-responsive versus traditional probation and parole for women
Book Synopsis Depression in Young Adult Women Following Childhood Maltreatment: The Role of Attitudes and Perceptions about Social Support by : Thomas Dodson
Download or read book Depression in Young Adult Women Following Childhood Maltreatment: The Role of Attitudes and Perceptions about Social Support written by Thomas Dodson and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction: A history of childhood maltreatment has been related to mental health concerns inadulthood, with depression showing the largest amount of empirical support. Perceptions of social support have been shown to have a protective effect (buffer against mental health symptoms particularly for survivors of more severe maltreatment) and a promotive effect (direct positive effect on mental health symptoms regardless of the severity of child maltreatment) with mental health concerns. Research has shown more consistent support for the promotive effect of social support on mental health outcomes in adults who have a history of childhood maltreatment. The protective effect of social support has been shown to be greatly reduced for individuals with a higher severity of maltreatment. Method: Thus, to further the literature on the relationship between depression symptoms and perceptions of social support, the current study evaluated these relationships over a one-month period using a cross-lagged panel design where both depression and social support were assessed at baseline and one month later. Additionally, negative attitudes about using social support (i.e., negative network orientation) were evaluated to bolster the analysis of facets of social support that are relevant following childhood maltreatment. To further evaluate the effect of different dimensions of social support, measures of specific types of social support (i.e., emotional, socializing, practical, financial, or advice/guidance support), were also run in the above cross-lagged panel model. The final aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of childhood maltreatment severity on the study variables. Analyses were conducted to assess the relationship of overall frequency of maltreatment, the number of types of child maltreatment, and duration of maltreatment measured at time point 1 with the levels of negative network orientation, perceived social support, and depression severity at time point 1. Results: Results showed a consistent relationship between greater symptoms of2depression and lower subsequent perceived social support from family and others. The inverse relationship (perceived social support predicting subsequent depression) was not significant in any of the models. There were no significant cross-lagged relationships between perceptions of friend support or negative network orientation with depression. For the indicators of maltreatment severity, there was a cumulative effect of types of maltreatment on perceptions of social support, negative network orientation, and depression, such that there was a significant relationship between the greater severity of child maltreatment (measured as either the overall severity of maltreatment experienced or the total number of types of maltreatment experienced) with lower levels of social support from family or friends, greater negative attitudes about using social support, and greater depression symptom severity. Conclusions: Overall, the cross-lagged panel models highlight the negative prospective effect of depression on specific domains of social support, including support from family and close others over the span of four weeks. The findings from the cross-lagged panel models consistently supported no significant prospective relationships between depression and perceptions of social support from friends. Separate analyses that used univariate ANOVAs also supported the relationships between greater child maltreatment severity (conceptualized in multiple ways) and lower perceptions of social support from family, greater negative attitudes about using social support, and greater depression symptom severity. The current findings provide relevant findings into the effects of childhood maltreatment on specific facets of social support and depression in emerging adult women college students..
Book Synopsis Emotion Regulation as a Mediator Between Childhood Maltreatment and Physiological Stress Response Among African American Young Adult Women by : Jaclyn Friedenthal
Download or read book Emotion Regulation as a Mediator Between Childhood Maltreatment and Physiological Stress Response Among African American Young Adult Women written by Jaclyn Friedenthal and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Millions of referrals are made to Child Protective Services a year regarding childhood maltreatment in the United States. Childhood maltreatment has been linked to dysregulation in humans’ stress response systems – the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). Importantly, dysregulation in these systems has been associated with a variety of adverse physical consequences as well as psychopathology. Difficulties in emotion regulation, an important component of psychopathology, have also been linked with childhood maltreatment. While research has found that childhood maltreatment is associated with dysregulated physiological stress responses, difficulties with emotion regulation, and psychopathology, more research is indicated to link all these variables in an integrated model. This longitudinal study examined a model of the relationship between childhood maltreatment (i.e., physical abuse, sexual abuse, and neglect), emotion regulation style (i.e., reappraisal, suppression, and rumination type), and physiological stress response (i.e., salivary cortisol and alpha amylase levels and reactivity) among a sample of African-American young adult women in low-income, urban communities, hypothesizing that emotion regulation style would act as a mediator.
Download or read book Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 2388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.
Book Synopsis The Social Distribution and Long-term Effects of Childhood Maltreatment by : Iulia Oana Patriciu
Download or read book The Social Distribution and Long-term Effects of Childhood Maltreatment written by Iulia Oana Patriciu and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Wednesday's Child by : Antonia Bifulco
Download or read book Wednesday's Child written by Antonia Bifulco and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002-01-04 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As many as one in four women have suffered severe neglect or abuse in childhood. This doubles the likelihood of their suffering clinical depression in adult life. Based on twenty years of systematic research,Wednesday's Child examines why neglect and abuse occur and demonstrates how such negative experience in childhood often results in abusive adult relationships, low self-esteem and depression. Drawing on interviews with over 200 women, the authors show vividly what can be learned from the experience of adult survivors of abuse. Most importantly, Wednesday's Child assesses the factors which can reduce the later impact of such experience on both the children of today and the parents of tomorrow.
Book Synopsis The Effects of Cumulative Victimization on Psychological Distress by : Amanda Dishon Brown
Download or read book The Effects of Cumulative Victimization on Psychological Distress written by Amanda Dishon Brown and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Justice-involved women experience significantly higher rates of victimization and psychological distress when compared to the general population. While both childhood victimization and adult Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) both directly contribute to psychological distress, scant research examines the effects of cumulative victimization (both child and adult IPV) across a woman's lifetime on psychological distress. Additionally, a gap in the literature is the investigation of behavior specific mechanisms (self-esteem, social support, coping, and substance use) that may mediate the relationship between victimization and psychological distress. As such, the primary aim of this dissertation was to explore the relationship between cumulative victimization (childhood and adult IPV), the hypothesized mediators (self-esteem, social support, coping, and substance use), and psychological distress among a sample of 406 victimized women on probation and parole. Results of the Structural Equation Model (SEM) indicated a partial mediation model with both direct and indirect effects from the victimization to psychological distress when mediated by self-esteem and coping. Based upon the results of this research, implications for practice are explored specifically regarding targeted treatment models for justice-involved women who are highly victimized and experience significant levels of psychological distress, as both have been found to contribute to women's involvement in the CJ system.
Book Synopsis From Pain to Violence by : Felicity de Zulueta
Download or read book From Pain to Violence written by Felicity de Zulueta and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-05-01 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Violence is all around us; yet, despite its widespread prevalence, we remain unclear about its causes. In this book Felicity de Zulueta - begins by defining "violence" as distinct from "aggression", and then attempts to trace its origins, highlighting the polarization between those who believe mankind to be innately violent and those who see violence as the outcome of man's life experiences. As a result of her investigations, the author suggests that the current high level of violence may well be linked to the effects of childhood and adult trauma which appear to be far more widespread than has hitherto been acknowledged. These findings are relevant to understanding why "normal" people can become violent in certain conditions. This is a second edition and has been fully updated. A new chapter on terrorism has been added.
Book Synopsis Effects of Violence Among Low Income African American Population and Their Barriers to Mental Health Services by : Ari Murphey
Download or read book Effects of Violence Among Low Income African American Population and Their Barriers to Mental Health Services written by Ari Murphey and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract Effects of Violence among Low Income African American population and Their Barriers to Mental Health Services By Ari Murphey Master of Social Work Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between violence and psychological and social well-being in low-income African American populations. Secondly, we examined the correlation of exposure to violence and social support and its influence on coping strategies within the African American community. Lastly, we examined how barriers to mental health correlates with psychological wellbeing in those who have been exposed to violence. Methods: The Secondary data source used was "Survey of Community, crime, and health, 1995, 1998[United States] (ICPSR 4381). Results: Pearson correlations showed that the more the sample was exposed to violence either directly or indirectly the more the sample was more susceptible to mental health illnesses, the data suggests that with less social support among the participants the more susceptible they were to mental health illnesses. These correlations suggest that exposure to violence and lack of social support may be an important correlation of worse mental health, but a large portion of this relationship can be explained by shared associations of being African American and income level/socioeconomic status. Barriers to mental health services were inclusive of those insured under various sources of access to healthcare and prescribed medications, this showed a positive correlation between those belonging to a lower socioeconomic status or low-income are more likely to be affected by barriers to mental health services. Discussion and Implications: The current study found that with higher levels of violence exposure either directly or indirectly, mental health decreased. These findings suggest that with less financial stability increases the chances of African Americans to acquire mental health illnesses. The current study found that social support is a significant explaining factor for decreased rates of mental health among African- Americans. Also, neighborhood quality coincides with social support in that or findings also imply a decrease of social support with a low quality of neighborhood participants resided in. Barriers to mental health services also proved to be a significant correlation for those occupying a low SES. These finding suggest those facing mental health crisis after being exposed to violence and not having access to necessary resources to combat negative coping or behaviors that show up in disadvantaged neighborhoods.
Book Synopsis Effects of Childhood Adversities on Positive Adult Functioning Across Racial Groups, and Examination of School Bonding as a Moderator by : Ebasa Belina Sarka
Download or read book Effects of Childhood Adversities on Positive Adult Functioning Across Racial Groups, and Examination of School Bonding as a Moderator written by Ebasa Belina Sarka and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a growing need to broaden the definition of childhood adversity, and to consider resilience in the investigation of the long term consequences of childhood adversity. This study examined three questions with focus on the long term impacts of childhood adversity: (1) Does childhood adversity as measured by abuse and neglect, poor bonding with parents, poor attachment to neighborhood, family conflict, and poverty impact resilient adult functioning at age 27?; (2) Does the effect identified in question 1 vary across races? In other words, does childhood adversity predict positive adult outcomes differently across three racial groups?; and, (3) Do the experience of high/low school bonding in high school moderate the relationship of childhood adversity on resilient adult functioning? The data in use come from the Seattle Social Development Project (SSDP), a longitudinal study in which 808 children from 18 schools in an urban area in the Pacific Northwest were followed into their adulthood, and regularly interviewed over the last 25 years. This study focuses on the experiences of African Americans (n=192), Asian Americans (n=171), and European Americans (n=374). The structural equation modeling (SEM), techniques were used to examine questions in this dissertation. Results of the full sample indicate that adverse childhood experiences have a negative impact on resilient adult functioning at age 27. In particular, child maltreatment, poor bonding with parents, and low socioeconomic status showed significantly negative impacts. Identifying as Asian American was also found to positively predict positive adult functioning. Tests of invariance in the regression paths of childhood adversity on positive adult functioning suggests a minor difference in how childhood adversity predicts adult functioning across racial groups. The constructs of child maltreatment and poor bonding to parents appear to function differently across racial groups. This model did not predict any significant relationships between childhood adversity and positive adult functioning for the African American group. Examining the moderating effect of high versus low levels of school bonding indicates non-invariant measurement across high and low school bonded groups. There was no evidence of moderation.
Book Synopsis Sociological Abstracts by : Leo P. Chall
Download or read book Sociological Abstracts written by Leo P. Chall and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CSA Sociological Abstracts abstracts and indexes the international literature in sociology and related disciplines in the social and behavioral sciences. The database provides abstracts of journal articles and citations to book reviews drawn from over 1,800+ serials publications, and also provides abstracts of books, book chapters, dissertations, and conference papers.
Book Synopsis Relations Between Childhood Maltreatment and Adult Psychological Well-being by : Tara Ann McNeal
Download or read book Relations Between Childhood Maltreatment and Adult Psychological Well-being written by Tara Ann McNeal and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Findings from childhood abuse and maltreatment research have revealed that trauma exposure puts children at a greater risk for an array of negative health consequences. Specifically, a history of childhood maltreatment is associated with physical conditions in adulthood such as diabetes (Monnat and Chandler, 2015), heart attacks (Monnat and Chandler, 2015), and poor pregnancy outcomes (Smith, Gotman, and Yonkers, 2016). It has also been linked to mental health difficulties such as depression and anxiety (Choi and others, 2017), as well as a higher number of suicide attempts (Dube and others, 2001). Less is known about the long-term repercussions of maltreatment on psychological well-being in adulthood (Greenfield and Marks, 2010; Herrenkohl and others, 2012; Kong, 2018). Further, there are inconsistent findings regarding the role a victim's age at first exposure to maltreatment plays in the manifestation of psychological outcomes. Thus, the purpose of the current study was to explore the relations between childhood maltreatment, age at maltreatment onset, and psychological well-being in adulthood while controlling for socioeconomic status and perceived social support. A sample of 209 adult participants (ages 21 and older) were recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk). A correlational cross-sectional design was employed to investigate the following research questions: (1) Does childhood maltreatment predict psychological well-being in adulthood?, (2) Does age at maltreatment onset moderate the potential predicting relation between childhood maltreatment and psychological well-being in adulthood? and (3) Do the associations among childhood maltreatment, age at maltreatment onset, and psychological well-being in adulthood remain when controlling for socioeconomic status and perceived social support? Measures included the Comprehensive Childhood Maltreatment Scale (CCMS; Higgins and McCabe, 2001), Ryff's Scales of Psychological Well-being (RPWB; Ryff and Keyes, 1995), the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS; Zimet and others, 1988), and a series of maltreatment timing questions and demographic items developed for this study. Data were analyzed using hierarchical linear regression. Results from Analyses revealed that childhood maltreatment was a significant predictor of psychological well-being in adulthood (Research Question 1) but that age at maltreatment onset did not significantly moderate this relation (Research Question 2). Younger age at maltreatment onset was predictive of less psychological well-being when controlling for SES and social support, but remained a nonsignificant moderator of the relation between overall maltreatment and psychological well-being (Research Question 3). Exploratory analyses suggest that the role of age at maltreatment onset may differ dependent upon type of maltreatment experience, such that that a younger age at initial exposure to psychological abuse and neglect predicted less psychological well-being in adulthood. Implications for theory, clinical practice, and future research are discussed.
Book Synopsis Social Support and Child Maltreatment in the Neighborhood Context by :
Download or read book Social Support and Child Maltreatment in the Neighborhood Context written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research addressed how social support influences child maltreatment and how the association varies by neighborhood context using a critical literature review and empirical data analyses with longitudinal data. Major findings are as follows: First, the critical literature review found that previous research on social support and child maltreatment had various definitions and operationalization of social support depending on what forms and sources they chose. The associations between social support and child maltreatment vary by each definition and measure of social support. Previous research had limitations to understanding social support and child maltreatment within a broad ecological system and identifying diverse features of social support. Next, prospective associations found between social support and child maltreatment showed that maternal perceived availability of social support predicted a lower risk of CPS involvement. The impact of perceived social support on child maltreatment was both direct and mediated by a lower level of maternal depression and anxiety, and a higher level of self-efficacy. Received support was associated with more negative psychological symptoms among mothers, but did not predict the risk of child maltreatment. Lastly, the effect of social support in reducing child maltreatment was conditioned by neighborhood disadvantage. In less advantaged neighborhoods, social support was more available and its inverse association with child maltreatment was stronger. Maternal positive perception of neighborhood informal control was directly associated with a lower risk of physical abuse parenting behavior, but did not moderate the effect of social support.
Book Synopsis The Relationship Between Social Support and Self-esteem in Low-income African American Women Exiting Welfare by : Sheryl Ann Nichols
Download or read book The Relationship Between Social Support and Self-esteem in Low-income African American Women Exiting Welfare written by Sheryl Ann Nichols and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
