The Measurement And Evolution Of Healthy Inequality

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Communities in Action

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309452961
Total Pages : 583 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Communities in Action by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.

The Measurement and Evolution of Healthy Inequality

Author : Jonathan Skinner
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Measurement and Evolution of Healthy Inequality by : Jonathan Skinner

Download or read book The Measurement and Evolution of Healthy Inequality written by Jonathan Skinner and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Has U.S. health care for the elderly become more equitable during the past several decades? When inequality is measured by Medicare expenditures, the answer is yes. During 1987-2001, low income households experienced an increase of 78 percent ($2624) in per capita expenditures, double the increase of 34 percent ($1214) in the highest income group. When inequality is measured by life expectancy, the answer is no. Survival for the lowest income decile grew by 0.2 years during the 1990s compared to 0.8 years in the highest income group. That the two measures deliver such discordant messages may reflect their intrinsic shortcomings; expenditures depend on preferences, health status, and prices, while outcomes are strongly affected by health behavior and past illness. We suggest a new approach to measuring inequality: the use of quality-based effective care measures. For these measures, efficacy is well proven and nearly all of the relevant population should be receiving it, regardless of health status or preferences. Using Medicare claims data matched to zip code income, we find greater use of mammography screening, diabetic eye exams, and the use of blockers and reperfusion following heart attacks among higher income households, and these differences appear to be stable or growing slowly over time. In sum, the rapid relative growth in health care expenditures among low income elderly people has not translated into relative improvement either in survival or rates of effective care.

Handbook on Health Inequality Monitoring

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9241548630
Total Pages : 123 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (415 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook on Health Inequality Monitoring by : World Health Organization

Download or read book Handbook on Health Inequality Monitoring written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2013 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Handbook on health inequality monitoring: with a special focus on low- and middle-income countries is a resource that enables countries to do just that. It presents a comprehensive yet clear overview of health inequality monitoring in a user-friendly manner. The handbook succeeds in giving those involved in health inequality monitoring an appreciation of the complexities of the process, as well as building the practical knowledge and skills for systematic monitoring of health inequalities in low- and middle-income countries. The use of the handbook will enable countries to better monitor and evaluate their progress and performance with a high degree of accountability and transparency, and allow them to use the results to formulate evidenced-based policies, programmes and practices to tackle inequalities in an effective manner."--Publisher's description.

The Public Health Observatory Handbook of Health Inequalities Measurement

Author : Roy A. Carr-Hill
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780954297121
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (971 download)

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Book Synopsis The Public Health Observatory Handbook of Health Inequalities Measurement by : Roy A. Carr-Hill

Download or read book The Public Health Observatory Handbook of Health Inequalities Measurement written by Roy A. Carr-Hill and published by . This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Improving the Measurement of Consumer Expenditures

Author : Christopher D. Carroll
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022612665X
Total Pages : 517 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (261 download)

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Book Synopsis Improving the Measurement of Consumer Expenditures by : Christopher D. Carroll

Download or read book Improving the Measurement of Consumer Expenditures written by Christopher D. Carroll and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2015-06-16 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Robust and reliable measures of consumer expenditures are essential for analyzing aggregate economic activity and for measuring differences in household circumstances. Many countries, including the United States, are embarking on ambitious projects to redesign surveys of consumer expenditures, with the goal of better capturing economic heterogeneity. This is an appropriate time to examine the way consumer expenditures are currently measured, and the challenges and opportunities that alternative approaches might present. Improving the Measurement of Consumer Expenditures begins with a comprehensive review of current methodologies for collecting consumer expenditure data. Subsequent chapters highlight the range of different objectives that expenditure surveys may satisfy, compare the data available from consumer expenditure surveys with that available from other sources, and describe how the United States’s current survey practices compare with those in other nations.

Analyzing Health Equity Using Household Survey Data

Author : Adam Wagstaff
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821369342
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)

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Book Synopsis Analyzing Health Equity Using Household Survey Data by : Adam Wagstaff

Download or read book Analyzing Health Equity Using Household Survey Data written by Adam Wagstaff and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007-11-02 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Have gaps in health outcomes between the poor and better off grown? Are they larger in one country than another? Are health sector subsidies more equally distributed in some countries than others? Are health care payments more progressive in one health care financing system than another? What are catastrophic payments and how can they be measured? How far do health care payments impoverish households? Answering questions such as these requires quantitative analysis. This in turn depends on a clear understanding of how to measure key variables in the analysis, such as health outcomes, health expenditures, need, and living standards. It also requires set quantitative methods for measuring inequality and inequity, progressivity, catastrophic expenditures, poverty impact, and so on. This book provides an overview of the key issues that arise in the measurement of health variables and living standards, outlines and explains essential tools and methods for distributional analysis, and, using worked examples, shows how these tools and methods can be applied in the health sector. The book seeks to provide the reader with both a solid grasp of the principles underpinning distributional analysis, while at the same time offering hands-on guidance on how to move from principles to practice.

The Health Gap

Author : Michael Marmot
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1408857987
Total Pages : 426 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis The Health Gap by : Michael Marmot

Download or read book The Health Gap written by Michael Marmot and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2015-09-10 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Punchily written ... He leaves the reader with a sense of the gross injustice of a world where health outcomes are so unevenly distributed' Times Literary Supplement 'Splendid and necessary' Henry Marsh, author of Do No Harm, New Statesman There are dramatic differences in health between countries and within countries. But this is not a simple matter of rich and poor. A poor man in Glasgow is rich compared to the average Indian, but the Glaswegian's life expectancy is 8 years shorter. The Indian is dying of infectious disease linked to his poverty; the Glaswegian of violent death, suicide, heart disease linked to a rich country's version of disadvantage. In all countries, people at relative social disadvantage suffer health disadvantage, dramatically so. Within countries, the higher the social status of individuals the better is their health. These health inequalities defy usual explanations. Conventional approaches to improving health have emphasised access to technical solutions – improved medical care, sanitation, and control of disease vectors; or behaviours – smoking, drinking – obesity, linked to diabetes, heart disease and cancer. These approaches only go so far. Creating the conditions for people to lead flourishing lives, and thus empowering individuals and communities, is key to reduction of health inequalities. In addition to the scale of material success, your position in the social hierarchy also directly affects your health, the higher you are on the social scale, the longer you will live and the better your health will be. As people change rank, so their health risk changes. What makes these health inequalities unjust is that evidence from round the world shows we know what to do to make them smaller. This new evidence is compelling. It has the potential to change radically the way we think about health, and indeed society.

Inequalities in Health

Author : Peter Townsend
Publisher : Penguin Uk
ISBN 13 : 9780140172652
Total Pages : 450 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (726 download)

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Book Synopsis Inequalities in Health by : Peter Townsend

Download or read book Inequalities in Health written by Peter Townsend and published by Penguin Uk. This book was released on 1992 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The text stresses how crucial it is to promote health in addition to correcting the organisational changes in favour of equality in the NHS itself. The two reports demonstrate the scientific evidence in favour of the need for action to reduce poverty and material deprivation in order to improve the standard of health in the population and so save lives.

Health Inequality

Author : Mel Bartley
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0745691137
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (456 download)

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Book Synopsis Health Inequality by : Mel Bartley

Download or read book Health Inequality written by Mel Bartley and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-12-05 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At a time when social inequalities are increasing at an alarming rate, this new edition of Mel Bartleys popular book is a vital resource for understanding the extent of health inequalities and why they are proving to be persistent despite decades of growing knowledge and policies on the issue. As in the first edition, by examining influences of social class, income, culture and wealth as well as gender, ethnicity and other factors in identity, this accessible book provides a key to understanding the major theories and explanations of what lies behind inequality in health. Bartley re-situates the classic behavioural, psycho-social, and material approaches within a life-course perspective. Evaluating the evidence of health outcomes over time and at local and national levels, Bartley argues that individual social integration demands closer attention if health inequality is to be tackled effectively, revealing the important part that identity plays in relation to the chances of a long and healthy life. Health Inequality will be essential reading for students taking courses in the sociology of health and illness, social policy and welfare, health sciences, public health and epidemiology and all those interested in understanding the consequences of social inequality for health.

Population Health Monitoring

Author : Marieke Verschuuren
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319765620
Total Pages : 227 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis Population Health Monitoring by : Marieke Verschuuren

Download or read book Population Health Monitoring written by Marieke Verschuuren and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely volume presents an in-depth tour of population health monitoring—what it is, what it does, and why it has become increasingly important to health information systems across Europe. Introductory chapters ground readers in the structures of health information systems, and the main theoretical and conceptual models of population health monitoring. From there, contributors offer tools and guidelines for optimum monitoring, including best practices for gathering and contextualizing data and for disseminating findings, to benefit the people most affected by the information. And an extended example follows the step-by-step processes of population health monitoring through a study of health inequalities, from data collection to policy recommendations. Included in the coverage: · Structuring health information: frameworks, models, and indicators · Analysis: contextualization of process and content · Knowledge translation: key concepts, terms, and activities · Health inequality monitoring: a practical application of population health monitoring · Relating population health monitoring to other types of health assessments · Population health monitoring: strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats A robust guide with international implications for an emerging field, Population Health Monitoring is a salient reference for public health experts working in the field of health information as well as post-graduate public health students and public health policymakers. "In this comprehensive and easy to read volume, Verschuuren and van Oers, accompanied by other specialists in the field, present a fresh and thoroughly researched contribution on the discipline of population health monitoring. They critically analyse and describe the phases, functions and approaches to population health monitoring but far more importantly, the discipline is positioned within the wider domains of public health, health policy and health systems. The book is definitely highly recommended reading for students of public health and health services management but is also a useful refresher course for public health practitioners." Natasha Azzopardi Muscat, President, European Public Health Association Chapter 7 of this book is available open access under a CC BY 3.0 IGO license at link.springer.com Chapter 8 of this book is available open access under a CC BY 3.0 IGO license at link.springer.com

Health Measurement Scales

Author : David L. Streiner
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0199685215
Total Pages : 415 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)

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Book Synopsis Health Measurement Scales by : David L. Streiner

Download or read book Health Measurement Scales written by David L. Streiner and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new edition of this practical guide for clinicians who are developing tools to measure subjective states, attitudes, or non-tangible outcomes in their patients, suitable for those who have no knowledge of statistics.

The Future of the Public's Health in the 21st Century

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309133181
Total Pages : 536 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Future of the Public's Health in the 21st Century by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book The Future of the Public's Health in the 21st Century written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-02-01 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The anthrax incidents following the 9/11 terrorist attacks put the spotlight on the nation's public health agencies, placing it under an unprecedented scrutiny that added new dimensions to the complex issues considered in this report. The Future of the Public's Health in the 21st Century reaffirms the vision of Healthy People 2010, and outlines a systems approach to assuring the nation's health in practice, research, and policy. This approach focuses on joining the unique resources and perspectives of diverse sectors and entities and challenges these groups to work in a concerted, strategic way to promote and protect the public's health. Focusing on diverse partnerships as the framework for public health, the book discusses: The need for a shift from an individual to a population-based approach in practice, research, policy, and community engagement. The status of the governmental public health infrastructure and what needs to be improved, including its interface with the health care delivery system. The roles nongovernment actors, such as academia, business, local communities and the media can play in creating a healthy nation. Providing an accessible analysis, this book will be important to public health policy-makers and practitioners, business and community leaders, health advocates, educators and journalists.

Fair Society, Healthy Lives

Author : Michael Marmot
Publisher : Olschki
ISBN 13 : 9788822262516
Total Pages : 74 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Fair Society, Healthy Lives by : Michael Marmot

Download or read book Fair Society, Healthy Lives written by Michael Marmot and published by Olschki. This book was released on 2013 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Transformation of Academic Health Centers

Author : Steven Wartman
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128010045
Total Pages : 291 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis The Transformation of Academic Health Centers by : Steven Wartman

Download or read book The Transformation of Academic Health Centers written by Steven Wartman and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-03-30 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Transformation of Academic Health Centers: The Institutional Challenge to Improve Health and Well-Being in Healthcare's Changing Landscape presents the direct knowledge and vision of accomplished academic leaders whose unique positions as managers of some of the most complex academic and business enterprises make them expert contributors. Users will find invaluable insights and leadership perspectives on healthcare, health professions education, and bio-medical and clinical research that systematically explores the evolving role of global academic health centers with an eye focused on the transformation necessary to be successful in challenging environments. The book is divided into five sections moving from the broad perspective of the role of academic health centers to the role of education, training, and disruptive technologies. It then addresses the discovery processes, improving funding models, and research efficiency. Subsequent sections address the coming changes in healthcare delivery and future perspectives, providing a complete picture of the needs of the growing and influential healthcare sector. - Outlines strategies for academic health centers to successfully adapt to the global changes in healthcare and delivery - Offers forward-thinking and compelling professional and personal assessments of the evolving role of academic health centers by recognized outstanding academic healthcare leaders - Includes case studies and personal reflections, providing lessons learned and new recommendations to challenge leaders - Provides discussions on the discovery process, improving funding models, and research efficiency

Health Inequality and Development

Author : M. McGillivray
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 0230304672
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Health Inequality and Development by : M. McGillivray

Download or read book Health Inequality and Development written by M. McGillivray and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-11-17 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates issues related to health inequality with a particular interest on developing countries. It provides rigorous empirical work on both trends and causal factors behind health inequality, analyzes the implications of health deprivations on poverty traps and suggests practical policies which can be implemented.

Social Epidemiology

Author : Lisa F. Berkman
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780195083316
Total Pages : 428 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (833 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Epidemiology by : Lisa F. Berkman

Download or read book Social Epidemiology written by Lisa F. Berkman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2000-03-09 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shows the important links between social conditions and health and begins to describe the processes through which these health inequalities may be generated. It reviews a range of methodologies that could be used by health researchers in this field and proposes innovative future research directions.

Understanding Health Inequalities and Justice

Author : Mara Buchbinder
Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 1469630362
Total Pages : 351 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (696 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Health Inequalities and Justice by : Mara Buchbinder

Download or read book Understanding Health Inequalities and Justice written by Mara Buchbinder and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2016-09-19 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The need for informed analyses of health policy is now greater than ever. The twelve essays in this volume show that public debates routinely bypass complex ethical, sociocultural, historical, and political questions about how we should address ideals of justice and equality in health care. Integrating perspectives from the humanities, social sciences, medicine, and public health, this volume illuminates the relationships between justice and health inequalities to enrich debates. Understanding Health Inequalities and Justice explores three questions: How do scholars approach relations between health inequalities and ideals of justice? When do justice considerations inform solutions to health inequalities, and how do specific health inequalities affect perceptions of injustice? And how can diverse scholarly approaches contribute to better health policy? From addressing patient agency in an inequitable health care environment to examining how scholars of social justice and health care amass evidence, this volume promotes a richer understanding of health and justice and how to achieve both. The contributors are Judith C. Barker, Paula Braveman, Paul Brodwin, Jami Suki Chang, Debra DeBruin, Leslie A. Dubbin, Sarah Horton, Carla C. Keirns, J. Paul Kelleher, Nicholas B. King, Eva Feder Kittay, Joan Liaschenko, Anne Drapkin Lyerly, Mary Faith Marshall, Carolyn Moxley Rouse, Jennifer Prah Ruger, and Janet K. Shim.