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Author : F. Taylor Ostrander
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 67 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (122 download)
Download or read book The Marshall Plan and Early NATO Revisited written by F. Taylor Ostrander and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Michael E. O'Hanlon
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 0815732589
Total Pages : 171 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (157 download)
Download or read book Beyond NATO written by Michael E. O'Hanlon and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2017-08-15 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this new Brookings Marshall Paper, Michael O'Hanlon argues that now is the time for Western nations to negotiate a new security architecture for neutral countries in eastern Europe to stabilize the region and reduce the risks of war with Russia. He believes NATO expansion has gone far enough. The core concept of this new security architecture would be one of permanent neutrality. The countries in question collectively make a broken-up arc, from Europe's far north to its south: Finland and Sweden; Ukraine, Moldova, and Belarus; Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan; and finally Cyprus plus Serbia, as well as possibly several other Balkan states. Discussion on the new framework should begin within NATO, followed by deliberation with the neutral countries themselves, and then formal negotiations with Russia. The new security architecture would require that Russia, like NATO, commit to help uphold the security of Ukraine, Georgia, Moldova, and other states in the region. Russia would have to withdraw its troops from those countries in a verifiable manner; after that, corresponding sanctions on Russia would be lifted. The neutral countries would retain their rights to participate in multilateral security operations on a scale comparable to what has been the case in the past, including even those operations that might be led by NATO. They could think of and describe themselves as Western states (or anything else, for that matter). If the European Union and they so wished in the future, they could join the EU. They would have complete sovereignty and self-determination in every sense of the word. But NATO would decide not to invite them into the alliance as members. Ideally, these nations would endorse and promote this concept themselves as a more practical way to ensure their security than the current situation or any other plausible alternative.
Author : John B. Bonds
Publisher : Praeger
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Bipartisan Strategy written by John B. Bonds and published by Praeger. This book was released on 2002-12-30 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bonds closely examines the process of bipartisanship in the creation and passage of the Marshall Plan in 1947-48, as the Truman administration confronted the first Republican Congress since 1929. The significant effect of process on policy and the evolving Cold War is illustrated, offering new insights into that confrontation. Employing extensive archival research, Bonds examines the reciprocal relationship of effect between domestic and international politics, which cannot be understood adequately without examining the process of making policy. As Bonds demonstrates, this is a messy contest requiring that policy be adapted or compromised to fit the existing political alignment. It is illustrated most clearly in a situation of differentiated control of the White House and Congress, when a bipartisan consensus must be developed, as in 1947-48. Bonds also examines the development of the Cold War, and the process of passing the Marshall Plan is shown to have been a significant factor in the recognition of confrontation on both sides. The notion that the Marshall Plan was a plan to achieve world economic dominion, or to find a market for surplus U.S. goods is debunked, and Bonds disputes the charge that Truman and Marshall deliberately produced a war scare to increase defense budgets. He also contests the argument that the United States depended on the atomic bomb to deter the Soviets in the early Cold War period and demonstrates that Truman and Marshall had no concept at all of a National Security State in 1947 and early 1948. Instead, they sought a national militia system and firmly suppressed military appropriations in favor of a balanced budget. This is a provocative work for scholars and students of American politics, international relations, and diplomatic history.
Author : Benn Steil
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198757913
Total Pages : 621 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)
Download or read book The Marshall Plan written by Benn Steil and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 621 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traces the history of the Marshall Plan and the efforts to reconstruct western Europe as a bulwark against communist authoritarianism during a two-year period that saw the collapse of postwar U.S.-Soviet relations and the beginning of the Cold War.
Author : Patrick Thaddeus Jackson
Publisher : University of Michigan Press
ISBN 13 : 9780472099290
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (992 download)
Download or read book Civilizing the Enemy written by Patrick Thaddeus Jackson and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2006-06-26 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the past century, politicians have claimed that "Western Civilization" epitomizes democratic values and international stability. But who is a member of "Western Civilization"? Germany, for example, was a sworn enemy of the United States and much of Western Europe in the first part of the twentieth century, but emerged as a staunch Western ally after World War II. By examining German reconstruction under the Marshall Plan, author Patrick Jackson shows how the rhetorical invention of a West that included Germany was critical to the emergence of the postwar world order. Civilizing the Enemy convincingly describes how concepts are strategically shaped and given weight in modern international relations, by expertly dissecting the history of "the West" and demonstrating its puzzling persistence in the face of contradictory realities. "By revisiting the early Cold War by means of some carefully conducted intellectual history, Patrick Jackson expertly dissects the post-1945 meanings of "the West" for Europe's emergent political imaginary. West German reconstruction, the foundation of NATO, and the idealizing of 'Western civilization' all appear in fascinating new light." --Geoff Eley, University of Michigan "Western civilization is not given but politically made. In this theoretically sophisticated and politically nuanced book, Patrick Jackson argues that Germany's reintegration into a Western community of nations was greatly facilitated by civilizational discourse. It established a compelling political logic that guided the victorious Allies in their occupation policy. This book is very topical as it engages critically very different, and less successful, contemporary theoretical constructions and political deployments of civilizational discourse." --Peter J. Katzenstein, Cornell University "What sets Patrick Jackson's book apart is his attention, on the one hand, to philosophical issues behind the kinds of theoretical claims he makes and, on the other hand, to the methodological implications that follow from those claims. Few scholars are willing and able to do both, and even fewer are as successful as he is in carrying it off. Patrick Jackson is a systematic thinker in a field where theory is all the rage but systematic thinking is in short supply." --Nicholas Onuf, Florida International University Patrick Thaddeus Jackson is Assistant Professor of International Relations in American University's School of International Service.
Author : Melvyn P. Leffler
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691172587
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)
Download or read book Safeguarding Democratic Capitalism written by Melvyn P. Leffler and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2017-08-02 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Safeguarding Democratic Capitalism gathers together decades of writing by Melvyn Leffler, one of the most respected historians of American foreign policy, to address important questions about U.S. national security policy from the end of World War I to the global war on terror. Why did the United States withdraw strategically from Europe after World War I and not after World War II? How did World War II reshape Americans’ understanding of their vital interests? What caused the United States to achieve victory in the long Cold War? To what extent did 9/11 transform U.S. national security policy? Is budgetary austerity a fundamental threat to U.S. national interests? Leffler’s wide-ranging essays explain how foreign policy evolved into national security policy. He stresses the competing priorities that forced policymakers to make agonizing trade-offs and illuminates the travails of the policymaking process itself. While assessing the course of U.S. national security policy, he also interrogates the evolution of his own scholarship. Over time, slowly and almost unconsciously, Leffler’s work has married elements of revisionism with realism to form a unique synthesis that uses threat perception as a lens to understand how and why policymakers reconcile the pressures emanating from external dangers and internal priorities. An account of the development of U.S. national security policy by one of its most influential thinkers, Safeguarding Democratic Capitalism includes a substantial new introduction from the author.
Author : Martin Schain
Publisher : Palgrave MacMillan
ISBN 13 : 9780333929834
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (298 download)
Download or read book The Marshall Plan written by Martin Schain and published by Palgrave MacMillan. This book was released on 2001 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text focuses on the impact of the Marshall Plan on the organization of political and economic life in post-war Europe and how the plan was perceived in European public opinion.
Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264044256
Total Pages : 139 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (64 download)
Download or read book The Marshall Plan Lessons Learned for the 21st Century written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2008-09-15 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the historical, diplomatic, economic, and strategic aspects of the European Recovery Program (ERP) - popularly known as the Marshall Plan.
Author : Jeffrey Frank
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1501102907
Total Pages : 576 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (11 download)
Download or read book The Trials of Harry S. Truman written by Jeffrey Frank and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2023-03-14 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jeffrey Frank, author of the bestselling Ike and Dick, returns with the “beguiling” (The New York Times) first full account of the Truman presidency in nearly thirty years, recounting how a seemingly ordinary man met the extraordinary challenge of leading America through the pivotal years of the mid-20th century. The nearly eight years of Harry Truman’s presidency—among the most turbulent in American history—were marked by victory in the wars against Germany and Japan; the first use of an atomic bomb and the development of far deadlier weapons; the start of the Cold War and the creation of the NATO alliance; the Marshall Plan to rebuild the wreckage of postwar Europe; the Red Scare; and the fateful decision to commit troops to fight a costly “limited war” in Korea. Historians have tended to portray Truman as stolid and decisive, with a homespun manner, but the man who emerges in The Trials of Harry S. Truman is complex and surprising. He believed that the point of public service was to improve the lives of one’s fellow citizens and fought for a national health insurance plan. While he was disturbed by the brutal treatment of African Americans and came to support stronger civil rights laws, he never relinquished the deep-rooted outlook of someone with Confederate ancestry reared in rural Missouri. He was often carried along by the rush of events and guided by men who succeeded in refining his fixed and facile view of the postwar world. And while he prided himself on his Midwestern rationality, he could act out of instinct and combativeness, as when he asserted a president’s untested power to seize the nation’s steel mills. The Truman who emerges in these pages is a man with generous impulses, loyal to friends and family, and blessed with keen political instincts, but insecure, quick to anger, and prone to hasty decisions. Archival discoveries, and research that led from Missouri to Washington, Berlin and Korea, have contributed to an indelible and “intimate” (The Washington Post) portrait of a man, born in the 19th century, who set the nation on a course that reverberates in the 21st century, a leader who never lost a schoolboy’s love for his country and its Constitution.
Author : Dean Acheson
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN 13 : 1324064609
Total Pages : 858 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (24 download)
Download or read book Present at the Creation: My Years in the State Department written by Dean Acheson and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 1987-09-17 with total page 858 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the Pulitzer Prize With deft portraits of many world figures, Dean Acheson analyzes the processes of policy making, the necessity for decision, and the role of power and initiative in matters of state. Acheson (1893–1971) was not only present at the creation of the postwar world, he was one of its chief architects. He joined the Department of State in 1941 as Assistant Secretary of State for Economic Affairs and, with brief intermissions, was continuously involved until 1953, when he left office as Secretary of State at the end of the Truman years. Throughout that time Acheson's was one of the most influential minds and strongest wills at work. It was a period that included World War II, the reconstruction of Europe, the Korean War, the development of nuclear power, the formation of the United Nations and NATO. It involved him at close quarters with a cast that starred Truman, Roosevelt, Churchill, de Gaulle, Marshall, MacArthur, Eisenhower, Attlee, Eden Bevin, Schuman, Dulles, de Gasperi, Adenauer, Yoshida, Vishinsky, and Molotov.
Author : Dan Stone
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199560986
Total Pages : 796 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (995 download)
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Postwar European History written by Dan Stone and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-05-17 with total page 796 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The postwar period is no longer current affairs but is becoming the recent past. As such, it is increasingly attracting the attentions of historians. Whilst the Cold War has long been a mainstay of political science and contemporary history, recent research approaches postwar Europe in many different ways, all of which are represented in the 35 chapters of this book. As well as diplomatic, political, institutional, economic, and social history, the The Oxford Handbook of Postwar European History contains chapters which approach the past through the lenses of gender, espionage, art and architecture, technology, agriculture, heritage, postcolonialism, memory, and generational change, and shows how the history of postwar Europe can be enriched by looking to disciplines such as anthropology and philosophy. The Handbook covers all of Europe, with a notable focus on Eastern Europe. Including subjects as diverse as the meaning of 'Europe' and European identity, southern Europe after dictatorship, the cultural meanings of the bomb, the 1968 student uprisings, immigration, Americanization, welfare, leisure, decolonization, the Wars of Yugoslav Succession, and coming to terms with the Nazi past, the thirty five essays in this Handbook offer an unparalleled coverage of postwar European history that offers far more than the standard Cold War framework. Readers will find self-contained, state-of-the-art analyses of major subjects, each written by acknowledged experts, as well as stimulating and novel approaches to newer topics. Combining empirical rigour and adventurous conceptual analysis, this Handbook offers in one substantial volume a guide to the numerous ways in which historians are now rewriting the history of postwar Europe.
Author : Marianne Johnson
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Documents from Glenn Johnson and F. Taylor Ostrander written by Marianne Johnson and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2009-06-16 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consists of documents from Glenn Johnson and F Taylor Ostrander. This title includes notes from lectures by James E Meade on the linking of monetary theory with the pure theory of value; notes from the Socialist Club at the Cafe Verique in Geneva; and, correspondence between Frank H Knight and F Taylor Ostrander.
Author : Seth A. Johnston
Publisher : JHU Press
ISBN 13 : 1421421984
Total Pages : 267 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (214 download)
Download or read book How NATO Adapts written by Seth A. Johnston and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2017-02 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite momentous change, NATO remains a crucial safeguard of security and peace. Today’s North Atlantic Treaty Organization, with nearly thirty members and a global reach, differs strikingly from the alliance of twelve created in 1949 to “keep the Americans in, the Russians out, and the Germans down.” These differences are not simply the result of the Cold War’s end, 9/11, or recent twenty-first-century developments but represent a more general pattern of adaptability first seen in the incorporation of Germany as a full member of the alliance in the early 1950s. Unlike other enduring post–World War II institutions that continue to reflect the international politics of their founding era, NATO stands out for the boldness and frequency of its transformations over the past seventy years. In this compelling book, Seth A. Johnston presents readers with a detailed examination of how NATO adapts. Nearly every aspect of NATO—including its missions, functional scope, size, and membership—is profoundly different than at the organization’s founding. Using a theoretical framework of “critical junctures” to explain changes in NATO’s organization and strategy throughout its history, Johnston argues that the alliance’s own bureaucratic actors played important and often overlooked roles in these adaptations. Touching on renewed confrontation between Russia and the West, which has reignited the debate about NATO’s relevance, as well as a quarter century of post–Cold War rapprochement and more than a decade of expeditionary effort in Afghanistan, How NATO Adapts explores how crises from Ukraine to Syria have again made NATO’s capacity for adaptation a defining aspect of European and international security. Students, scholars, and policy practitioners will find this a useful resource for understanding NATO, transatlantic relations, and security in Europe and North America, as well as theories about change in international institutions.
Author : Gustav Lindström
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789291988372
Total Pages : 89 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (883 download)
Download or read book The EU and NATO written by Gustav Lindström and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : David C. Engerman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108317855
Total Pages : 903 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (83 download)
Download or read book The Cambridge History of America and the World: Volume 4, 1945 to the Present written by David C. Engerman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-03-03 with total page 903 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fourth volume of The Cambridge History of America and the World examines the heights of American global power in the mid-twentieth century and how challenges from at home and abroad altered the United States and its role in the world. The second half of the twentieth century marked the pinnacle of American global power in economic, political, and cultural terms, but even as it reached such heights, the United States quickly faced new challenges to its power, originating both domestically and internationally. Highlighting cutting-edge ideas from scholars from all over the world, this volume anatomizes American power as well as the counters and alternatives to 'the American empire.' Topics include US economic and military power, American culture overseas, human rights and humanitarianism, third-world internationalism, immigration, communications technology, and the Anthropocene.
Author : Rüdiger Bergien
Publisher : Berghahn Books
ISBN 13 : 1785337777
Total Pages : 383 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (853 download)
Download or read book Communist Parties Revisited written by Rüdiger Bergien and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2018-01-31 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ruling communist parties of the postwar Soviet Bloc possessed nearly unprecedented power to shape every level of society; perhaps in part because of this, they have been routinely depicted as monolithic, austere, and even opaque institutions. Communist Parties Revisited takes a markedly different approach, investigating everyday life within basic organizations to illuminate the inner workings of Eastern Bloc parties. Ranging across national and transnational contexts, the contributions assembled here reconstruct the rituals of party meetings, functionaries’ informal practices, intra-party power struggles, and the social production of ideology to give a detailed account of state socialist policymaking on a micro-historical scale.
Author : Patrick J. Buchanan
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1621571009
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (215 download)
Download or read book Republic, Not an Empire written by Patrick J. Buchanan and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2013-02-05 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All but predicting the September 11 attack on the World Trade Center, Buchanan examines and critiques America's recent foreign policy and argues for new policies that consider America's interests first.
