The Logic and Methodology of Science and Pseudoscience

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Publisher : Canadian Scholars Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 394 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Logic and Methodology of Science and Pseudoscience by : Fred Wilson

Download or read book The Logic and Methodology of Science and Pseudoscience written by Fred Wilson and published by Canadian Scholars Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the various norms for the logic and methodology of science, placing them in the context of the cognitive interests and explanatory ideals that motivate science. Various themes in the philosophy of science are examined, including the views of K. Popper, T. Kuhn, and L. Laudan. Characteristic cases of scientific theories are examined in order to illustrate and justify the proposed norms. These include, on the one hand, the emergence of the science of Galileo, Kepler, and Newton from the older metaphysical style of explanation to be found in Aristotle and, on the other hand, Darwin's theory of natural selection. Also included are characteristic cases of pseudoscience, including creation science, Lysenkoism, Velikovsky, UFOs and ancient astronauts, astrology, parapsychology, and various kinds of alternative medicine. From these examples and the more theoretical discussion, there emerges a series of norms for demarcating science and pseudoscience. Various aspects of the scientific method are examined in detail, including the role of hypotheses, the logical structure of theories, and how these relate to the experimental methods of John Stuart Mill. collection; for example, what do we say about observational reports of the existence of UFOs? In this context there is a discussion of some of the issues raised in the so-called science wars. It is concluded that the sociology of science can at times be helpful to the scientific community in improving their methods of investigation.

Philosophy of Pseudoscience

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Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022605182X
Total Pages : 479 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (26 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophy of Pseudoscience by : Massimo Pigliucci

Download or read book Philosophy of Pseudoscience written by Massimo Pigliucci and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2013-08-16 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “A remarkable contribution to one of the most vexing problems in science: the ‘demarcation’ problem, or how to distinguish science from nonscience.” —Francisco J. Ayala, author of Darwin’s Gift to Science and Religion What sets the practice of rigorously tested, sound science apart from pseudoscience? In this volume, the contributors seek to answer this question, known to philosophers of science as “the demarcation problem.” This issue has a long history in philosophy, stretching as far back as the early twentieth century and the work of Karl Popper. But by the late 1980s, scholars in the field began to treat the demarcation problem as impossible to solve and futile to ponder. However, the essays that Massimo Pigliucci and Maarten Boudry have assembled in this volume make a rousing case for the unequivocal importance of reflecting on the separation between pseudoscience and sound science. Moreover, the demarcation problem is not a purely theoretical dilemma of mere academic interest: it affects parents’ decisions to vaccinate children and governments’ willingness to adopt policies that prevent climate change. Pseudoscience often mimics science, using the superficial language and trappings of actual scientific research to seem more respectable. Even a well-informed public can be taken in by such questionable theories dressed up as science. Pseudoscientific beliefs compete with sound science on the health pages of newspapers for media coverage and in laboratories for research funding. Now more than ever the ability to separate genuine scientific findings from spurious ones is vital, and The Philosophy of Pseudoscience provides ground for philosophers, sociologists, historians, and laypeople to make decisions about what science is or isn’t. “A manual to overcome our natural cognitive biases.” —Corriere della Sera (Italy)

Science, Pseudo-Science and Society

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Publisher : Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press
ISBN 13 : 0889207933
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (892 download)

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Book Synopsis Science, Pseudo-Science and Society by : Marsha Hanen

Download or read book Science, Pseudo-Science and Society written by Marsha Hanen and published by Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume collects the papers presented at a conference on “Science, Pseudo–science and Society,” sponsored by the Calgary Institute for the Humanities and held at the University of Calgary, May 10–12, 1979. More than many such collections, this one preserves some trace of the intellectual excitement which surrounded this gathering of scholars. A primary inspiration for the symposium on “Science, Pseudoscience, and Society” was a growing awareness of the crucial role the study of pseudo–science plays in the areas of contemporary scholarship which are concerned with the nature of science and its relationship to broader social issues. This volume is organized around three major questions concerning the relationships among science, pseudo–science, and society. The papers in the first section address the question of whether it is possible to draw a sharp demarcation between science and pseudo–science and what the criteria of that demarcation might be. The papers in the second section, recognizing the historical importance of various of the pseudo–sciences, consider their impact—positive or negative—on the development of the sciences themselves. The papers in the third section deal with the question of the relationship between the sciences and pseudo–sciences, on the one hand, and social factors on the other.

Pseudoscience

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Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262537044
Total Pages : 537 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Pseudoscience by : Allison B. Kaufman

Download or read book Pseudoscience written by Allison B. Kaufman and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2019-03-12 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Case studies, personal accounts, and analysis show how to recognize and combat pseudoscience in a post-truth world. In a post-truth, fake news world, we are particularly susceptible to the claims of pseudoscience. When emotions and opinions are more widely disseminated than scientific findings, and self-proclaimed experts get their expertise from Google, how can the average person distinguish real science from fake? This book examines pseudoscience from a variety of perspectives, through case studies, analysis, and personal accounts that show how to recognize pseudoscience, why it is so widely accepted, and how to advocate for real science. Contributors examine the basics of pseudoscience, including issues of cognitive bias; the costs of pseudoscience, with accounts of naturopathy and logical fallacies in the anti-vaccination movement; perceptions of scientific soundness; the mainstream presence of “integrative medicine,” hypnosis, and parapsychology; and the use of case studies and new media in science advocacy. Contributors David Ball, Paul Joseph Barnett, Jeffrey Beall, Mark Benisz, Fernando Blanco, Ron Dumont, Stacy Ellenberg, Kevin M. Folta, Christopher French, Ashwin Gautam, Dennis M. Gorman, David H. Gorski, David K. Hecht, Britt Marie Hermes, Clyde F. Herreid, Jonathan Howard, Seth C. Kalichman, Leif Edward Ottesen Kennair, Arnold Kozak, Scott O. Lilienfeld, Emilio Lobato, Steven Lynn, Adam Marcus, Helena Matute, Ivan Oransky, Chad Orzel, Dorit Reiss, Ellen Beate Hansen Sandseter, Kavin Senapathy, Dean Keith Simonton, Indre Viskontas, John O. Willis, Corrine Zimmerman

A Beginner's Guide to Scientific Method

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Publisher : Cengage Learning
ISBN 13 : 9781111305550
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (55 download)

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Book Synopsis A Beginner's Guide to Scientific Method by : Stephen S. Carey

Download or read book A Beginner's Guide to Scientific Method written by Stephen S. Carey and published by Cengage Learning. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This concise yet comprehensive guide provides an introduction to the scientific method of inquiry as well as detailed coverage of the many misapplications of scientific method that define pseudoscience. Compact enough to be used as a supplementary book in a science class, yet thorough enough in its coverage to be used as a core text in a class on scientific method, this text assists students in using the scientific method to design and assess experiments. Important Notice: Media content referenced within the product description or the product text may not be available in the ebook version.

The Logic of Scientific Discovery

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134470029
Total Pages : 545 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (344 download)

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Book Synopsis The Logic of Scientific Discovery by : Karl Popper

Download or read book The Logic of Scientific Discovery written by Karl Popper and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-11-04 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Described by the philosopher A.J. Ayer as a work of 'great originality and power', this book revolutionized contemporary thinking on science and knowledge. Ideas such as the now legendary doctrine of 'falsificationism' electrified the scientific community, influencing even working scientists, as well as post-war philosophy. This astonishing work ranks alongside The Open Society and Its Enemies as one of Popper's most enduring books and contains insights and arguments that demand to be read to this day.

Science and Pseudoscience in Clinical Psychology, First Edition

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Publisher : Guilford Press
ISBN 13 : 1462509029
Total Pages : 498 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Science and Pseudoscience in Clinical Psychology, First Edition by : Scott O. Lilienfeld

Download or read book Science and Pseudoscience in Clinical Psychology, First Edition written by Scott O. Lilienfeld and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2012-12-18 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first major text designed to help professionals and students evaluate the merits of popular yet controversial practices in clinical psychology, differentiating those that can stand up to the rigors of science from those that cannot. Leading researchers review widely used therapies for alcoholism, infantile autism, ADHD, and posttraumatic stress disorder; herbal remedies for depression and anxiety; suggestive techniques for memory recovery; and self-help models. Other topics covered include issues surrounding psychological expert testimony, the uses of projective assessment techniques, and unanswered questions about dissociative identity disorder. Providing knowledge to guide truly accountable mental health practice, the volume also imparts critical skills for designing and evaluating psychological research programs. It is ideal for use in advanced undergraduate- and graduate-level courses in clinical psychology, psychotherapy, and evidence-based practice.

The Logic of Scientific Discovery

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Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 9780415278447
Total Pages : 548 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (784 download)

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Book Synopsis The Logic of Scientific Discovery by : Karl Raimund Popper

Download or read book The Logic of Scientific Discovery written by Karl Raimund Popper and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When first published in 1959, this book revolutionized contemporary thinking about science and knowledge. It remains one of the most widely read books about science to come out of the 20th century.

An Introduction to Logic and the Scientific Method, 1967-1968

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780939375257
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (752 download)

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Book Synopsis An Introduction to Logic and the Scientific Method, 1967-1968 by : Benito F. Reyes

Download or read book An Introduction to Logic and the Scientific Method, 1967-1968 written by Benito F. Reyes and published by . This book was released on 1987-01-01 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes: Volume 1

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521280310
Total Pages : 262 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (83 download)

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Book Synopsis The Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes: Volume 1 by : Imre Lakatos

Download or read book The Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes: Volume 1 written by Imre Lakatos and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1980-10-16 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection exhibits and confirms the originality, range and the essential unity of his work.

The Logic and Methodology of Science in Early Modern Thought

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780802043566
Total Pages : 608 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (435 download)

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Book Synopsis The Logic and Methodology of Science in Early Modern Thought by : Fred Wilson

Download or read book The Logic and Methodology of Science in Early Modern Thought written by Fred Wilson and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A persuasive new argument and re-evaluation of the revolution in scientific thought in the 17th and 18th centuries by a senior academic in the history of modern philosophy and the philosophy of science.

Philosophy of Science for Scientists

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319265512
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophy of Science for Scientists by : Lars-Göran Johansson

Download or read book Philosophy of Science for Scientists written by Lars-Göran Johansson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-17 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook offers an introduction to the philosophy of science. It helps undergraduate students from the natural, the human and social sciences to gain an understanding of what science is, how it has developed, what its core traits are, how to distinguish between science and pseudo-science and to discover what a scientific attitude is. It argues against the common assumption that there is fundamental difference between natural and human science, with natural science being concerned with testing hypotheses and discovering natural laws, and the aim of human and some social sciences being to understand the meanings of individual and social group actions. Instead examines the similarities between the sciences and shows how the testing of hypotheses and doing interpretation/hermeneutics are similar activities. The book makes clear that lessons from natural scientists are relevant to students and scholars within the social and human sciences, and vice versa. It teaches its readers how to effectively demarcate between science and pseudo-science and sets criteria for true scientific thinking. Divided into three parts, the book first examines the question What is Science? It describes the evolution of science, defines knowledge, and explains the use of and need for hypotheses and hypothesis testing. The second half of part I deals with scientific data and observation, qualitative data and methods, and ends with a discussion of theories on the development of science. Part II offers philosophical reflections on four of the most important con cepts in science: causes, explanations, laws and models. Part III presents discussions on philosophy of mind, the relation between mind and body, value-free and value-related science, and reflections on actual trends in science.

The External World and Our Knowledge of it

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Publisher : University of Toronto Press
ISBN 13 : 0802097642
Total Pages : 825 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis The External World and Our Knowledge of it by : Fred Wilson

Download or read book The External World and Our Knowledge of it written by Fred Wilson and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2008-01-01 with total page 825 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: David Hume is often considered to have been a sceptic, particularly in his conception of the individual's knowledge of the external world. However, a closer examination of his works gives a much different impression of this aspect of Hume's philosophy, one that is due for a thorough scholarly analysis. This study argues that Hume was, in fact, a critical realist in the early twentieth-century sense, a period in which the term was used to describe the epistemological and ontological theories of such philosophers as Roy Wood Sellars and Bertrand Russell. Carefully situating Hume in his historical context, that is, relative to Aristotelian and rationalist traditions, Fred Wilson makes important and unique insights into Humean philosophy. Analyzing key sections of the Treatise, the Enquiry, and the Dialogues concerning Natural Religion, Wilson offers a deeper understanding of Hume by taking into account the philosopher's theories of the external world. Such a reading, the author explains, is not only more faithful to the texts, but also reinforces the view of Hume as a critical realist in light of twentieth-century discussions between externalism and internalism, and between coherentists and foundationalists. Complete with original observations and ideas, this study is sure to generate debates about Humean philosophy, critical realism, and the limits of perceptual knowledge.

The Scientific Attitude

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Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262039834
Total Pages : 291 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis The Scientific Attitude by : Lee McIntyre

Download or read book The Scientific Attitude written by Lee McIntyre and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2019-05-07 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An argument that what makes science distinctive is its emphasis on evidence and scientists' willingness to change theories on the basis of new evidence. Attacks on science have become commonplace. Claims that climate change isn't settled science, that evolution is “only a theory,” and that scientists are conspiring to keep the truth about vaccines from the public are staples of some politicians' rhetorical repertoire. Defenders of science often point to its discoveries (penicillin! relativity!) without explaining exactly why scientific claims are superior. In this book, Lee McIntyre argues that what distinguishes science from its rivals is what he calls “the scientific attitude”—caring about evidence and being willing to change theories on the basis of new evidence. The history of science is littered with theories that were scientific but turned out to be wrong; the scientific attitude reveals why even a failed theory can help us to understand what is special about science. McIntyre offers examples that illustrate both scientific success (a reduction in childbed fever in the nineteenth century) and failure (the flawed “discovery” of cold fusion in the twentieth century). He describes the transformation of medicine from a practice based largely on hunches into a science based on evidence; considers scientific fraud; examines the positions of ideology-driven denialists, pseudoscientists, and “skeptics” who reject scientific findings; and argues that social science, no less than natural science, should embrace the scientific attitude. McIntyre argues that the scientific attitude—the grounding of science in evidence—offers a uniquely powerful tool in the defense of science.

A Beginner's Guide to Scientific Method

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (321 download)

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Book Synopsis A Beginner's Guide to Scientific Method by : Stephen Sayers Carey

Download or read book A Beginner's Guide to Scientific Method written by Stephen Sayers Carey and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a concise, introductory book that provides an introduction to the sciences and scientific method. It is comprehensive, readable, non-technical, and challenging in its ideas. A BEGINNERS GUIDE TO SCIENTIFIC METHOD requires students to use the scientific method to design experiments and assess their own results. The book is brief enough to be used as a supplementary text in a first course in any of the sciences, though comprehensive enough to be used as the primary text in a course in scientific reasoning.

Science and Pseudoscience in Social Work Practice

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Publisher : Springer Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 0826177697
Total Pages : 331 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (261 download)

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Book Synopsis Science and Pseudoscience in Social Work Practice by : Bruce A. Thyer, PhD, LCSW, BCBA-D

Download or read book Science and Pseudoscience in Social Work Practice written by Bruce A. Thyer, PhD, LCSW, BCBA-D and published by Springer Publishing Company. This book was released on 2015-05-15 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Science is a way of thinking about and investigating the accuracy of assumptions about the world. It is a process for solving problems in which we learn from our mistakes. Social work has a long history of social reform and helping efforts. Let us continue this by paying attention to the important message of this book. --Eileen Gambrill, PhD, School of Social Welfare University of California at Berkeley (From the Foreword) Although many psychosocial interventions used in social work practice have strong research evidence supporting their efficacy, a surprising number do not, potentially resulting in harmful outcomes. In this book, the authors cast a critical eye on the reality of commonly used scientific and pseudoscientific practices in social work today. Stressing the need for separating research-based practices from those not supported by adequate levels of evidence, they examine the scientific and pseudoscientific bases for popular social work interventions used in a variety of treatment settings. The text examines the misuse of legitimate research and describes how social work education training can and should discourage pseudoscience. The concluding chapter describes pathways through which social work practice can become more firmly grounded in contemporary scientific research. This engaging book is intended for courses in critical thinking and evidence-based practice and is a valuable resource for all social work students and practitioners. Key Features: Promotes critical thinking regarding the evidence-based research--or lack thereof--behind a variety of social work interventions Written by renowned social work educators Addresses the history and characteristics of pseudoscience Examines pseudoscience practices in assessment and work with children, adolescents, adults, and individuals with developmental difficulties

Logic, Methodology & Philosophy of Science

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (784 download)

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Book Synopsis Logic, Methodology & Philosophy of Science by : Int Cong for Logic ...

Download or read book Logic, Methodology & Philosophy of Science written by Int Cong for Logic ... and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: