Myths of the Rune Stone

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Publisher : U of Minnesota Press
ISBN 13 : 1452945438
Total Pages : 181 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (529 download)

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Book Synopsis Myths of the Rune Stone by : David M. Krueger

Download or read book Myths of the Rune Stone written by David M. Krueger and published by U of Minnesota Press. This book was released on 2015-10-01 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What do our myths say about us? Why do we choose to believe stories that have been disproven? David M. Krueger takes an in-depth look at a legend that held tremendous power in one corner of Minnesota, helping to define both a community’s and a state’s identity for decades. In 1898, a Swedish immigrant farmer claimed to have discovered a large rock with writing carved into its surface in a field near Kensington, Minnesota. The writing told a North American origin story, predating Christopher Columbus’s exploration, in which Viking missionaries reached what is now Minnesota in 1362 only to be massacred by Indians. The tale’s credibility was quickly challenged and ultimately undermined by experts, but the myth took hold. Faith in the authenticity of the Kensington Rune Stone was a crucial part of the local Nordic identity. Accepted and proclaimed as truth, the story of the Rune Stone recast Native Americans as villains. The community used the account as the basis for civic celebrations for years, and advocates for the stone continue to promote its validity despite the overwhelming evidence that it was a hoax. Krueger puts this stubborn conviction in context and shows how confidence in the legitimacy of the stone has deep implications for a wide variety of Minnesotans who embraced it, including Scandinavian immigrants, Catholics, small-town boosters, and those who desired to commemorate the white settlers who died in the Dakota War of 1862. Krueger demonstrates how the resilient belief in the Rune Stone is a form of civil religion, with aspects that defy logic but illustrate how communities characterize themselves. He reveals something unique about America’s preoccupation with divine right and its troubled way of coming to terms with the history of the continent’s first residents. By considering who is included, who is left out, and how heroes and villains are created in the stories we tell about the past, Myths of the Rune Stone offers an enlightening perspective on not just Minnesota but the United States as well.

The Kensington Runestone Vindicated

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Kensington Runestone Vindicated by : Rolf M. Nilsestuen

Download or read book The Kensington Runestone Vindicated written by Rolf M. Nilsestuen and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Third-generation Norweigan-American Rolf M. Nilsestuen summarizes hundreds of pages of documented evidence and proves conclusively that Norwegians were in Minnesota in 1362. The book includes works by Holand, Landsverk, and Hall, as well as a series of articles by Dr. Richard Nielsen that refute every negative argument and attest every word and symbol with new evidence from medieval documents. The Kensington Runestone Vindicated exposes the hoax perpetrated by Wahlgren and Wallace and reveals the shameful neglect of this matter by the Smithsonian Institution. With a liberal dose of common sense, human understanding, and Scandinavian wit, Nilsestuen brings this somewhat esoteric subject down to earth. Contents: Introduction; History; The Discovery; The Evidence; Weathering; Mooring Holes; Norse Artifacts; The Mandans; The Verendre Stone; Additional Finds; The Inscription; The Runes; The Numerals; Wahlgren; Wahlgren vs. The Evidence; Vikings in America; Other Critics; Dr. Erik Molke; Birgitta L. Wallace; Olof Ohman; Summary; Conclusion; Epilogue; The Runestone vs. the Smithsonian; The Newport Tower.

The Kensington Stone

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Publisher : Madison : University of Wisconsin Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis The Kensington Stone by : Erik Wahlgren

Download or read book The Kensington Stone written by Erik Wahlgren and published by Madison : University of Wisconsin Press. This book was released on 1958 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Controversy about the so-called Kensington stone, found in Minnesota in 1898 - whether it is an authentic Rune stone left by Pre-Columbian explorers from Scandinavia.

Sherlock Holmes and the Rune Stone Mystery

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Publisher : U of Minnesota Press
ISBN 13 : 0816677042
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (166 download)

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Book Synopsis Sherlock Holmes and the Rune Stone Mystery by : Larry Millett

Download or read book Sherlock Holmes and the Rune Stone Mystery written by Larry Millett and published by U of Minnesota Press. This book was released on 2012-03-01 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hired by the king of Sweden to authenticate an odd stone unearthed by a Minnesota farmer, Sherlock Holmes soon finds himself investigating theft and murder as well.

The Kensington Runestone

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Publisher : Waveland Press
ISBN 13 : 1478609257
Total Pages : 113 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (786 download)

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Book Synopsis The Kensington Runestone by : Alice Beck Kehoe

Download or read book The Kensington Runestone written by Alice Beck Kehoe and published by Waveland Press. This book was released on 2005-02-17 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1898, a farmer in northwestern Minnesota unearthed a large stone engraved with what appeared to be Norse runes carved in 1362. Could medieval Scandinavians have penetrated deep into mainland North America over a century before Columbus discovered the New World? Does the stone provide evidence that forces a rewrite of American history, or was it merely a well-executed hoax? In the absence of written records documenting a Norse expedition into Minnesota, most historians have dismissed the Kensington Runestone as a forgery. However, Kehoe approaches the question holistically. She examines not only historical and literary evidence, but also brings in data from archaeology, geology, linguistics, and biological anthropology. She concludes that the stones authenticity should not be dismissed as readily as it has been so far, even if that means re-thinking deeply ingrained ideas about contact between Europeans and indigenous Americans.

The Kensington Rune Stone

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Author :
Publisher : Franklin Classics
ISBN 13 : 9780341715641
Total Pages : 86 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (156 download)

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Book Synopsis The Kensington Rune Stone by : Minnesota Historical Society Museum Com

Download or read book The Kensington Rune Stone written by Minnesota Historical Society Museum Com and published by Franklin Classics. This book was released on 2018-10-06 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

The Last Kings of Norse America

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Publisher : Beavers Pond Press
ISBN 13 : 9781592984190
Total Pages : 267 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (841 download)

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Book Synopsis The Last Kings of Norse America by : Robert Glenn Johnson

Download or read book The Last Kings of Norse America written by Robert Glenn Johnson and published by Beavers Pond Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These are the first words in a rigorous translation of the 1362 memorial poem inscribed on the Spirit Pond runestone, found on the coast of Maine in 1971. This translation climaxed a decade of histor¬ical investigations by authors Johnson and Westin in which they address a 450 year-gap in North American history between the 1492 voyage of Columbus and the Vinland voyages of Leif Eriksson and Thorfinn Karlsefni shortly after 1000 ad. After the Vinland voyages the Greenlanders developed a lucrative trade in North American furs, marketed in Norway and taxed by the king. But after 1300 a cooling climate caused the Green¬land merchants to migrate to North America and the trade died. To regain the trade and expand his empire, in 1356 King Magnus of Norway and Sweden sent his son, young King Haakon VI, on an expedition to North America with Commander Paul Knutson. The inscrip¬tions on the Spirit Pond and Kensington runestones enable the authors to recon¬struct the fascinating story of Magnus and his expedition, more than a century before Columbus left the shores of Spain.

A Popular History of Minnesota

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Publisher : Minnesota Historical Society
ISBN 13 : 9780873515320
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (153 download)

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Book Synopsis A Popular History of Minnesota by : Norman K. Risjord

Download or read book A Popular History of Minnesota written by Norman K. Risjord and published by Minnesota Historical Society. This book was released on 2005 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A grand tour of the North Star State's geographical, political, and human history, including travelers' guides to historic destinations.

Akhenaten to the Founding Fathers

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Publisher : North Star Press of St. Cloud
ISBN 13 : 9780878396207
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (962 download)

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Book Synopsis Akhenaten to the Founding Fathers by : Scott F. Wolter

Download or read book Akhenaten to the Founding Fathers written by Scott F. Wolter and published by North Star Press of St. Cloud. This book was released on 2012-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Akhenaten to the Founding Fathers: The Mysteries of the Hooked X is the third book in a series that investigates the origin and meaning of a mysterious symbol originally found on the five fiercely debated medieval North American rune stones. That research led forensic geologist Scott Wolter on a world-wide search that resulted in several explosive discoveries, including the stunning realization that the Hooked X symbolizes an ideological thread that weaves through at least 3,800 years of human history. This amazing story involves some of the most important figures in world history, including the Egyptian Pharaoh Akhenaten, the biblical Jesus, the medieval Cistercians and Knights Templar, numerous Native American tribes, Freemasonry, and the founding fathers of the United States, including Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, and George Washington. This book introduces several new mysterious artifacts and sites in North America along with exciting new scientific geological research using the latest technology, which allowed Wolter to reach definitive conclusions about the authenticity of these and many other controversial artifacts. Some of these artifacts provide conclusive evidence that changes not only North American history in a profound way, but demands a thorough rewrite of world history.Wolter brings the reader along on his investigations and presents his case using his proven and enjoyable narrative style along with over 280 black-and-white images, and 40 color photographs to introduce these artifacts and sites and illustrate his points. After the fun, Wolter distills the evidence down to his findings of fact, his interpretations of the facts, and finally presents his conclusions in a convincing scientific way that is irrefutable.

Cryptic Code

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781682011010
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Cryptic Code by : Scott F. Wolter

Download or read book Cryptic Code written by Scott F. Wolter and published by . This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Third in the Hooked X series, this book explores new scientific findings and recently discovered documents that show a vastly different story of North American history than the current narrative. The revelations in the Cryptic Code are sure to generate new discussion around the medieval Knights Templar, their role in the European exploration of North America, and of the origins of the Hooked X. In Wolter's continued pursuit to understand and authenticate the Kensington Rune Stone, found in Minnesota in 1898, and the important role the Knights Templar had within history, he uncovers the layers of cryptic code that authenticates the Rune Stone once and for all.

Norse America

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198861559
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis Norse America by : Gordon Campbell

Download or read book Norse America written by Gordon Campbell and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The story of the Vikings in North America as both fact and fiction, from the westward expansion of the Norse across the North Atlantic in the tenth and eleventh centuries to the myths and fabrications about their presence there that have developed in recent centuries. Tracking the saga of the Norse across the North Atlantic to America, Norse America sets the record straight about the idea that the Vikings 'discovered' America. The journey described is a continuum, with evidence-based history and archaeology at one end, and fake history and outright fraud at the other. In between there lies a huge expanse of uncertainty: sagas that may contain shards of truth, characters that may be partly historical, real archaeology that may be interpreted through the fictions of saga, and fragmentary evidence open to responsible and irresponsible interpretation. Norse America is a book that tells two stories. The first is the westward expansion of the Norse across the North Atlantic in the tenth and eleventh centuries, ending (but not culminating) in a fleeting and ill-documented presence on the shores of the North American mainland. The second is the appropriation and enhancement of the westward narrative by Canadians and Americans who want America to have had white North European origins, who therefore want the Vikings to have 'discovered' America, and who in the advancement of that thesis have been willing to twist and manufacture evidence in support of claims grounded in an ideology of racial superiority.

North Country

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Publisher : U of Minnesota Press
ISBN 13 : 0816648689
Total Pages : 600 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (166 download)

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Book Synopsis North Country by : Mary Lethert Wingerd

Download or read book North Country written by Mary Lethert Wingerd and published by U of Minnesota Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1862, four years after Minnesota was ratified as the thirty-second state in the Union, simmering tensions between indigenous Dakota and white settlers culminated in the violent, six-week-long U.S.-Dakota War. Hundreds of lives were lost on both sides, and the war ended with the execution of thirty-eight Dakotas on December 26, 1862, in Mankato, Minnesota--the largest mass execution in American history. The following April, after suffering a long internment at Fort Snelling, the Dakota and Winnebago peoples were forcefully removed to South Dakota, precipitating the near destruction of the area's native communities while simultaneously laying the foundation for what we know and recognize today as Minnesota. In North Country: The Making of Minnesota, Mary Lethert Wingerd unlocks the complex origins of the state--origins that have often been ignored in favor of legend and a far more benign narrative of immigration, settlement, and cultural exchange. Moving from the earliest years of contact between Europeans and the indigenous peoples of the western Great Lakes region to the era of French and British influence during the fur trade and beyond, Wingerd charts how for two centuries prior to official statehood Native people and Europeans in the region maintained a hesitant, largely cobeneficial relationship. Founded on intermarriage, kinship, and trade between the two parties, this racially hybridized society was a meeting point for cultural and economic exchange until the western expansion of American capitalism and violation of treaties by the U.S. government during the 1850s wore sharply at this tremulous bond, ultimately leading to what Wingerd calls Minnesota's Civil War. A cornerstone text in the chronicle of Minnesota's history, Wingerd's narrative is augmented by more than 170 illustrations chosen and described by Kirsten Delegard in comprehensive captions that depict the fascinating, often haunting representations of the region and its inhabitants over two and a half centuries. North Country is the unflinching account of how the land the Dakota named Mini Sota Makoce became the State of Minnesota and of the people who have called it, at one time or another, home.

Kensington Rune Stone

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780873515399
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (153 download)

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Book Synopsis Kensington Rune Stone by : Theodore C. Blegen

Download or read book Kensington Rune Stone written by Theodore C. Blegen and published by . This book was released on 2008-09-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Few questions in American history," writes Theodore C. Blegen, "have stirred so much curiosity or provoked such extended discussions as that of the authenticity of the runic inscription on a stone found near Kensington, Minnesota, in 1898." Swedish-American farmer Olof Ohman discovered the stone clasped in the roots of an aspen tree on a knoll above the surrounding swamp. His young son was the first to notice the strange letters chiseled into the rock face. Since then historians, geologists and runic scholars have entered the debate over the age and meaning of these carvings. Are they genuine 14th-century runes, evidence of a pre-Columbian Viking expedition to North America, or are they a clever 19th-century hoax? In this classic volume, Blegen untangles the circumstances surrounding the unearthing of the Kensington Rune Stone. Marshalling letters, affidavits, newspaper accounts and investigative reports, he lays out in authoritative detail the early history of this controversial artifact and investigates the background and character of Olof Ohman and other men involved in its discovery. He also describes the first cycles of investigation and dispute and devotes a chapter to the role of Hjalmar R. Holand, who acquired the stone in 1907 and was its chief defender until his death in 1963. Fourteen appendixes offer useful primary source materials and supply English translations where needed. This lucid text, together with its footnotes and appendixes, remains a cornerstone for further investigation and discussion.

Runestone

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Publisher : Domain
ISBN 13 : 9780553572803
Total Pages : 612 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (728 download)

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Book Synopsis Runestone by : Don Coldsmith

Download or read book Runestone written by Don Coldsmith and published by Domain. This book was released on 1995-11 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explorer Nils Thorsson and his Norse crewmen follow Leif Ericson's route to Vinland, where they encounter a primitive people who believe the Norse adventurers are too dangerous to ignore.

A Witch's Runes

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Publisher : Citadel Press
ISBN 13 : 9780806519968
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis A Witch's Runes by : Susan Sheppard

Download or read book A Witch's Runes written by Susan Sheppard and published by Citadel Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This creative, crafty, and spiritual book teaches witches how to create their own stones and use them for divination or to cast spells.

The Kensington Runestone

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Kensington Runestone by : Carl E. Skog

Download or read book The Kensington Runestone written by Carl E. Skog and published by . This book was released on 1928 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Kensington Rune Stone

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Kensington Rune Stone by : Minnesota Historical Society. Museum Committee

Download or read book The Kensington Rune Stone written by Minnesota Historical Society. Museum Committee and published by . This book was released on 1910 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: