Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice

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Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309172357
Total Pages : 405 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-06-05 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even though youth crime rates have fallen since the mid-1990s, public fear and political rhetoric over the issue have heightened. The Columbine shootings and other sensational incidents add to the furor. Often overlooked are the underlying problems of child poverty, social disadvantage, and the pitfalls inherent to adolescent decisionmaking that contribute to youth crime. From a policy standpoint, adolescent offenders are caught in the crossfire between nurturance of youth and punishment of criminals, between rehabilitation and "get tough" pronouncements. In the midst of this emotional debate, the National Research Council's Panel on Juvenile Crime steps forward with an authoritative review of the best available data and analysis. Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents recommendations for addressing the many aspects of America's youth crime problem. This timely release discusses patterns and trends in crimes by children and adolescentsâ€"trends revealed by arrest data, victim reports, and other sources; youth crime within general crime; and race and sex disparities. The book explores desistanceâ€"the probability that delinquency or criminal activities decrease with ageâ€"and evaluates different approaches to predicting future crime rates. Why do young people turn to delinquency? Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents what we know and what we urgently need to find out about contributing factors, ranging from prenatal care, differences in temperament, and family influences to the role of peer relationships, the impact of the school policies toward delinquency, and the broader influences of the neighborhood and community. Equally important, this book examines a range of solutions: Prevention and intervention efforts directed to individuals, peer groups, and families, as well as day care-, school- and community-based initiatives. Intervention within the juvenile justice system. Role of the police. Processing and detention of youth offenders. Transferring youths to the adult judicial system. Residential placement of juveniles. The book includes background on the American juvenile court system, useful comparisons with the juvenile justice systems of other nations, and other important information for assessing this problem.

The Origins of You

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Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674983459
Total Pages : 433 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (749 download)

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Book Synopsis The Origins of You by : Jay Belsky

Download or read book The Origins of You written by Jay Belsky and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2020-08-11 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Marginal Revolution Book of the Year After tracking the lives of thousands of people from birth to midlife, four of the world’s preeminent psychologists reveal what they have learned about how humans develop. Does temperament in childhood predict adult personality? What role do parents play in shaping how a child matures? Is day care bad—or good—for children? Does adolescent delinquency forecast a life of crime? Do genes influence success in life? Is health in adulthood shaped by childhood experiences? In search of answers to these and similar questions, four leading psychologists have spent their careers studying thousands of people, observing them as they’ve grown up and grown older. The result is unprecedented insight into what makes each of us who we are. In The Origins of You, Jay Belsky, Avshalom Caspi, Terrie Moffitt, and Richie Poulton share what they have learned about childhood, adolescence, and adulthood, about genes and parenting, and about vulnerability, resilience, and success. The evidence shows that human development is not subject to ironclad laws but instead is a matter of possibilities and probabilities—multiple forces that together determine the direction a life will take. A child’s early years do predict who they will become later in life, but they do so imperfectly. For example, genes and troubled families both play a role in violent male behavior, and, though health and heredity sometimes go hand in hand, childhood adversity and severe bullying in adolescence can affect even physical well-being in midlife. Painstaking and revelatory, the discoveries in The Origins of You promise to help schools, parents, and all people foster well-being and ameliorate or prevent developmental problems.

Reforming Juvenile Justice

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309278937
Total Pages : 463 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Reforming Juvenile Justice by : National Research Council

Download or read book Reforming Juvenile Justice written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-05-22 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adolescence is a distinct, yet transient, period of development between childhood and adulthood characterized by increased experimentation and risk-taking, a tendency to discount long-term consequences, and heightened sensitivity to peers and other social influences. A key function of adolescence is developing an integrated sense of self, including individualization, separation from parents, and personal identity. Experimentation and novelty-seeking behavior, such as alcohol and drug use, unsafe sex, and reckless driving, are thought to serve a number of adaptive functions despite their risks. Research indicates that for most youth, the period of risky experimentation does not extend beyond adolescence, ceasing as identity becomes settled with maturity. Much adolescent involvement in criminal activity is part of the normal developmental process of identity formation and most adolescents will mature out of these tendencies. Evidence of significant changes in brain structure and function during adolescence strongly suggests that these cognitive tendencies characteristic of adolescents are associated with biological immaturity of the brain and with an imbalance among developing brain systems. This imbalance model implies dual systems: one involved in cognitive and behavioral control and one involved in socio-emotional processes. Accordingly adolescents lack mature capacity for self-regulations because the brain system that influences pleasure-seeking and emotional reactivity develops more rapidly than the brain system that supports self-control. This knowledge of adolescent development has underscored important differences between adults and adolescents with direct bearing on the design and operation of the justice system, raising doubts about the core assumptions driving the criminalization of juvenile justice policy in the late decades of the 20th century. It was in this context that the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) asked the National Research Council to convene a committee to conduct a study of juvenile justice reform. The goal of Reforming Juvenile Justice: A Developmental Approach was to review recent advances in behavioral and neuroscience research and draw out the implications of this knowledge for juvenile justice reform, to assess the new generation of reform activities occurring in the United States, and to assess the performance of OJJDP in carrying out its statutory mission as well as its potential role in supporting scientifically based reform efforts.

Rethinking Juvenile Justice

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Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674043367
Total Pages : 379 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Rethinking Juvenile Justice by : Elizabeth S Scott

Download or read book Rethinking Juvenile Justice written by Elizabeth S Scott and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What should we do with teenagers who commit crimes? In this book, two leading scholars in law and adolescent development argue that juvenile justice should be grounded in the best available psychological science, which shows that adolescence is a distinctive state of cognitive and emotional development. Although adolescents are not children, they are also not fully responsible adults.

21st Century Criminology: A Reference Handbook

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Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 1506320589
Total Pages : 961 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (63 download)

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Book Synopsis 21st Century Criminology: A Reference Handbook by : J. Mitchell Miller

Download or read book 21st Century Criminology: A Reference Handbook written by J. Mitchell Miller and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2009-08-06 with total page 961 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Criminology has experienced tremendous growth over the last few decades, evident, in part, by the widespread popularity and increased enrollment in criminology and criminal justice departments at the undergraduate and graduate levels across the U.S. and internationally. Evolutionary paradigmatic shift has accompanied this surge in definitional, disciplinary and pragmatic terms. Though long identified as a leading sociological specialty area, criminology has emerged as a stand-alone discipline in its own right, one that continues to grow and is clearly here to stay. Criminology, today, remains inherently theoretical but is also far more applied in focus and thus more connected to the academic and practitioner concerns of criminal justice and related professional service fields. Contemporary criminology is also increasingly interdisciplinary and thus features a broad variety of ideological orientations to and perspectives on the causes, effects and responses to crime. 21st Century Criminology: A Reference Handbook provides straightforward and definitive overviews of 100 key topics comprising traditional criminology and its modern outgrowths. The individual chapters have been designed to serve as a "first-look" reference source for most criminological inquires. Both connected to the sociological origins of criminology (i.e., theory and research methods) and the justice systems′ response to crime and related social problems, as well as coverage of major crime types, this two-volume set offers a comprehensive overview of the current state of criminology. From student term papers and masters theses to researchers commencing literature reviews, 21st Century Criminology is a ready source from which to quickly access authoritative knowledge on a range of key issues and topics central to contemporary criminology. This two-volume set in the SAGE 21st Century Reference Series is intended to provide undergraduate majors with an authoritative reference source that will serve their research needs with more detailed information than encyclopedia entries but not so much jargon, detail, or density as a journal article or research handbook chapter. 100 entries or "mini-chapters" highlight the most important topics, issues, questions, and debates any student obtaining a degree in this field ought to have mastered for effectiveness in the 21st century. Curricular-driven, chapters provide students with initial footholds on topics of interest in researching term papers, in preparing for GREs, in consulting to determine directions to take in pursuing a senior thesis, graduate degree, career, etc. Comprehensive in coverage, major sections include The Discipline of Criminology, Correlates of Crime, Theories of Crime & Justice, Measurement & Research, Types of Crime, and Crime & the Justice System. The contributor group is comprised of well-known figures and emerging young scholars who provide authoritative overviews coupled with insightful discussion that will quickly familiarize researchers, students, and general readers alike with fundamental and detailed information for each topic. Uniform chapter structure makes it easy for students to locate key information, with most chapters following a format of Introduction, Theory, Methods, Applications, Comparison, Future Directions, Summary, Bibliography & Suggestions for Further Reading, and Cross References. Availability in print and electronic formats provides students with convenient, easy access wherever they may be.

Manual for the Measurement of Juvenile Justice Indicators

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Author :
Publisher : United Nations Publications
ISBN 13 : 9789211337617
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (376 download)

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Book Synopsis Manual for the Measurement of Juvenile Justice Indicators by : United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime

Download or read book Manual for the Measurement of Juvenile Justice Indicators written by United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime and published by United Nations Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication sets out practical guidance on the use of fifteen indicators of core importance to juvenile justice, developed by UNICEF and the UN Office on Drugs and Crime in consultation with non-governmental organisations and individual experts. The indicators have been refined through field-testing in a number of countries and are endorsed by the Interagency Juvenile Justice Panel. The indicators fall into two categorie of quantitative and policy matters, with five core indicators relating to: the number of children in detention; the number of children in pre-sentence detention; the percentage of children sentenced to a custodial sentence; the percentage of children diverted or sentenced who enter a pre-sentence diversion scheme; and the existence of a specialised juvenile justice system.

The Juvenile Delinquency Prevention Act of 1967

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 682 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis The Juvenile Delinquency Prevention Act of 1967 by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and Labor. General Subcommittee on Education

Download or read book The Juvenile Delinquency Prevention Act of 1967 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and Labor. General Subcommittee on Education and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Juvenile Delinquency Prevention Act of 1967, Hearings Before the General Subcommittee on Education

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 694 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Juvenile Delinquency Prevention Act of 1967, Hearings Before the General Subcommittee on Education by : United States. Congress. House. Education and Labor

Download or read book The Juvenile Delinquency Prevention Act of 1967, Hearings Before the General Subcommittee on Education written by United States. Congress. House. Education and Labor and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Dilemma of Duties

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Publisher : SIU Press
ISBN 13 : 0809336642
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Dilemma of Duties by : Anne M. Corbin

Download or read book Dilemma of Duties written by Anne M. Corbin and published by SIU Press. This book was released on 2018-06-06 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Author Anne M. Corbin examines the unique role of defense counsel in juvenile courts, demonstrating the commonplace presence of role conflict, even among defenders in jurisdictions that clearly define this role, and showing the nature, extent, and impact of that role conflict on juvenile justice system stakeholders, processes, and policy"--

Juvenile Delinquency Prevention and Control Act

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Juvenile Delinquency Prevention and Control Act by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Labor and Public Welfare. Subcommittee on Employment, Manpower, and Poverty

Download or read book Juvenile Delinquency Prevention and Control Act written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Labor and Public Welfare. Subcommittee on Employment, Manpower, and Poverty and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considers S. 1248 and related H.R. 12120, to authorize HEW to allocate additional funds to state and local juvenile correction agencies for the rehabilitation of juvenile delinquents.

Juvenile Delinquency Prevention and Control Act

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Juvenile Delinquency Prevention and Control Act by : United States. Congress. Senate. Labor and Public Welfare

Download or read book Juvenile Delinquency Prevention and Control Act written by United States. Congress. Senate. Labor and Public Welfare and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Controlling Juvenile Delinquency

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Controlling Juvenile Delinquency by : United States. Children's Bureau

Download or read book Controlling Juvenile Delinquency written by United States. Children's Bureau and published by . This book was released on 1943 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Wrightslaw

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Wrightslaw by : Peter W. D. Wright

Download or read book Wrightslaw written by Peter W. D. Wright and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aimed at parents of and advocates for special needs children, explains how to develop a relationship with a school, monitor a child's progress, understand relevant legislation, and document correspondence and conversations.

Juvenile Delinquency Control Act

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Juvenile Delinquency Control Act by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and Labor

Download or read book Juvenile Delinquency Control Act written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and Labor and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considers legislation to authorize Federal assistance to juvenile delinquency control programs.

SOU-CCJ230 Introduction to the American Criminal Justice System

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781636350684
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (56 download)

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Book Synopsis SOU-CCJ230 Introduction to the American Criminal Justice System by : Alison Burke

Download or read book SOU-CCJ230 Introduction to the American Criminal Justice System written by Alison Burke and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Evolution of the Juvenile Court

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Publisher : NYU Press
ISBN 13 : 147987129X
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (798 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolution of the Juvenile Court by : Barry C. Feld

Download or read book The Evolution of the Juvenile Court written by Barry C. Feld and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2019-06-01 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner, 2020 ACJS Outstanding Book Award, given by the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences A major statement on the juvenile justice system by one of America’s leading experts The juvenile court lies at the intersection of youth policy and crime policy. Its institutional practices reflect our changing ideas about children and crime control. The Evolution of the Juvenile Court provides a sweeping overview of the American juvenile justice system’s development and change over the past century. Noted law professor and criminologist Barry C. Feld places special emphasis on changes over the last 25 years—the ascendance of get tough crime policies and the more recent Supreme Court recognition that “children are different.” Feld’s comprehensive historical analyses trace juvenile courts’ evolution though four periods—the original Progressive Era, the Due Process Revolution in the 1960s, the Get Tough Era of the 1980s and 1990s, and today’s Kids Are Different era. In each period, changes in the economy, cities, families, race and ethnicity, and politics have shaped juvenile courts’ policies and practices. Changes in juvenile courts’ ends and means—substance and procedure—reflect shifting notions of children’s culpability and competence. The Evolution of the Juvenile Court examines how conservative politicians used coded racial appeals to advocate get tough policies that equated children with adults and more recent Supreme Court decisions that draw on developmental psychology and neuroscience research to bolster its conclusions about youths’ reduced criminal responsibility and diminished competence. Feld draws on lessons from the past to envision a new, developmentally appropriate justice system for children. Ultimately, providing justice for children requires structural changes to reduce social and economic inequality—concentrated poverty in segregated urban areas—that disproportionately expose children of color to juvenile courts’ punitive policies. Historical, prescriptive, and analytical, The Evolution of the Juvenile Court evaluates the author’s past recommendations to abolish juvenile courts in light of this new evidence, and concludes that separate, but reformed, juvenile courts are necessary to protect children who commit crimes and facilitate their successful transition to adulthood.

Causes of Conduct Disorder and Juvenile Delinquency

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Author :
Publisher : Guilford Press
ISBN 13 : 9781572308817
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Causes of Conduct Disorder and Juvenile Delinquency by : Benjamin B. Lahey

Download or read book Causes of Conduct Disorder and Juvenile Delinquency written by Benjamin B. Lahey and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2003-05-22 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A great deal has been learned about serious child and adolescent conduct problems, but their causes are still not well understood. This book brings together an international group of leading authorities to advance specific, testable hypotheses about the causes of conduct disorder and juvenile delinquency. Four general causal models are delineated: the social learning model, the developmental pathways model, an integrative antisocial propensity model, and an integrative ecological/developmental model. Also provided are models focusing on specific aspects of the origins of conduct problems, including contextual, psychological, and biological influences. The authors present significant, original theoretical work and map out the kinds of further studies needed to confirm or disconfirm their new or revised hypotheses.