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The Interface Between State Non State Policing
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Book Synopsis The Interface Between State & Non-State Policing -. by :
Download or read book The Interface Between State & Non-State Policing -. written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The single largest issue introduced by the evolution of security services by the private sector is the degree to which corporations are now transcending the power of governments, rising as an influential variable within international and regional diplomacy and redefining sovereignty in the 21st century. [...] Since the coming of the modern state, security is perceived to be the protection of the sovereignty of the state; that is to say, protecting the state against external aggression and internal threats. [...] This is the context in which the enforcement of law and order has evolved as one of the cardinal functions of the state. [...] But rather it means that the security of the state, in particular a state that is weak, should continue to remain primary, since the main aim is to build the capacity of the state to provide and maintain security for its citizensvi. [...] 8 The privatisation of this traditionally public function should lead police reformers to the conclusion that regulation of the private security industry is necessary to maintain an appropriate balance between the public and private sector, increase the competence of private security personnel and decrease the likelihood of corruption and abuse of human rights within the industry.
Book Synopsis Security Governance in East Africa by : Kennedy Agade Mkutu
Download or read book Security Governance in East Africa written by Kennedy Agade Mkutu and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2017-12-15 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of cases from East Africa, contributed largely by locally-based authors, explores the increasing security governance phenomenon in the region: that is, the mix of state and non-state actors, including private entities, volunteer auxiliaries, homegrown vigilantes and gangs, and the relationship between police and communities. Local dynamics brought by globalization, liberalization, the new scramble for resource wealth, inequality, and international terrorism are observed in detail, superimposed upon the well-known development challenges, ethnopolitical divides, and patterns of government and security provision which continue to reflect their colonial past. This book raises both practical and theoretical ethical dilemmas of the increasing fragmentation of security functions within Uganda, Kenya, South Sudan, mainland Tanzania, and Zanzibar. It is a vital contribution to the “non-state,” “plural policing” debates and is of both local and global relevance.
Book Synopsis The Truth Machines by : Jinee Lokaneeta
Download or read book The Truth Machines written by Jinee Lokaneeta and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2020-02-26 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using case studies and the results of extensive fieldwork, this book considers the nature of state power and legal violence in liberal democracies by focusing on the interaction between law, science, and policing in India. The postcolonial Indian police have often been accused of using torture in both routine and exceptional criminal cases, but they, and forensic psychologists, have claimed that lie detectors, brain scans, and narcoanalysis (the use of “truth serum,” Sodium Pentothal) represent a paradigm shift away from physical torture; most state high courts in India have upheld this rationale. The Truth Machines examines the emergence and use of these three scientific techniques to analyze two primary themes. First, the book questions whether existing theoretical frameworks for understanding state power and legal violence are adequate to explain constant innovations of the state. Second, it explores the workings of law, science, and policing in the everyday context to generate a theory of state power and legal violence, challenging the monolithic frameworks about this relationship, based on a study of both state and non-state actors. Jinee Lokaneeta argues that the attempt to replace physical torture with truth machines in India fails because it relies on a confessional paradigm that is contiguous with torture. Her work also provides insights into a police institution that is founded and refounded in its everyday interactions between state and non-state actors. Theorizing a concept of Contingent State, this book demonstrates the disaggregated, and decentered nature of state power and legal violence, creating possible sites of critique and intervention.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309467136 Total Pages :409 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Proactive Policing by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Proactive Policing written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-03-23 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proactive policing, as a strategic approach used by police agencies to prevent crime, is a relatively new phenomenon in the United States. It developed from a crisis in confidence in policing that began to emerge in the 1960s because of social unrest, rising crime rates, and growing skepticism regarding the effectiveness of standard approaches to policing. In response, beginning in the 1980s and 1990s, innovative police practices and policies that took a more proactive approach began to develop. This report uses the term "proactive policing" to refer to all policing strategies that have as one of their goals the prevention or reduction of crime and disorder and that are not reactive in terms of focusing primarily on uncovering ongoing crime or on investigating or responding to crimes once they have occurred. Proactive policing is distinguished from the everyday decisions of police officers to be proactive in specific situations and instead refers to a strategic decision by police agencies to use proactive police responses in a programmatic way to reduce crime. Today, proactive policing strategies are used widely in the United States. They are not isolated programs used by a select group of agencies but rather a set of ideas that have spread across the landscape of policing. Proactive Policing reviews the evidence and discusses the data and methodological gaps on: (1) the effects of different forms of proactive policing on crime; (2) whether they are applied in a discriminatory manner; (3) whether they are being used in a legal fashion; and (4) community reaction. This report offers a comprehensive evaluation of proactive policing that includes not only its crime prevention impacts but also its broader implications for justice and U.S. communities.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Policing by : Tim Newburn
Download or read book Handbook of Policing written by Tim Newburn and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-08-21 with total page 906 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition of the Handbook of Policing updates and expands the highly successful first edition, and now includes a completely new chapter on policing and forensics. It provides a comprehensive, but highly readable overview of policing in the UK, and is an essential reference point, combining the expertise of leading academic experts on policing and policing practitioners themselves.
Book Synopsis Twilight Policing by : Dr. Tessa G. Diphoorn
Download or read book Twilight Policing written by Dr. Tessa G. Diphoorn and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2015-10-20 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: South Africa boasts the largest private security sector in the entire world, reflecting deep anxieties about violence, security, and governance. Twilight Policing is an ethnographic study of the daily policing practices of armed response officers—a specific type of private security officer—and their interactions with citizens and the state police in Durban, South Africa. This book shows how their policing practices simultaneously undermine and support the state, resulting in actions that are neither public nor private, but something in between, something "twilight." Their performances of security are also punitive, disciplinary, and exclusionary, and they work to reinforce post-apartheid racial and economic inequalities. Ultimately, Twilight Policing helps to illuminate how citizens survive volatile conditions and to whom they assign the authority to guide them in the process.
Book Synopsis Varieties of Police Behavior by : James Q. WILSON
Download or read book Varieties of Police Behavior written by James Q. WILSON and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The patrolman has the most difficult, complex, and least understood task in the police department. Much less is known of him than of his better publicized colleague, the detective. In this important and timely book, James Q. Wilson describes the patrolman and the problems he faces that arise out of constraints imposed by law, politics, public opinion, and the expectations of superiors. The study considers how the uniformed officer in eight communities deals with such common offenses as assault, theft, drunkenness, vice, traffic, and disorderly conduct. Six of the communities are in New York State: Albany, Amsterdam, Brighton, Nassau County, Newburgh, and Syracuse. The others are Highland Park, Illinois, and Oakland, California. Enforcing laws dealing with common offenses is especially difficult because it raises the question of administrative discretion. Murder, in the eyes of the police, is unambiguously wrong, and murderers are accordingly arrested; but in cases such as street-corner scuffles or speeding motorists, the patrolman must decide whether to intervene (should the scuffle be stopped? should the motorist be pulled over?) and, if he does, just how to intervene (by arrest? a warning? an interrogation?). In most large organizations, the lowest-ranking members perform the more routinized tasks and the means of accomplishing these tasks are decided by superiors, but in a police department the lowest-ranking officer--the patrolman--is almost solely responsible for enforcing those laws which are the least precise, the most ambiguous. Three ways or "styles" of policing--the watchman, the legalistic, and the service styles--are analyzed and their relation to local politics is explored. In the final chapter, Mr. Wilson discusses if and how the patrolman's behavior can be changed and examines some current proposals for reorganizing police departments. He observes that the ability of the patrolman to do his job well may determine our success in managing social conflict and our prospects for maintaining a proper balance between liberty and order. Table of Contents: 1. Introduction 2. THE PATROLMAN The Maintenance of Order Justice as a Constraint Some Organizational Consequences 3. THE POLICE ADMINISTRATOR Managing Discretion Critical Events 4. POLICE DISCRETION The Determinants of Discretion The Eight Communities The Uses of Discretion 5. THE WATCHMAN STYLE The Organizational Context Some Consequences 6. THE LEGALISTIC STYLE The Organizational Context Some Consequences 7. THE SERVICE STYLE The Organizational Context Some Consequences 8. POLITICS AND THE POLICE Politics and the Watchman Style Politics and the Service Style Politics and the Legalistic Style Some Findings from National Data 9. CONCLUSIONS AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS Reviews of this book: [This book] is a departure from the traditional treatise...and actually does take a large and long-awaited step toward revitalizing an exciting and important but inexcusably weak area of political science. --The American Political Science Review Reviews of this book: This book "must unquestionably become an indispensable study of politics in the American city. It is based on enormous and detailed research ... The material is presented in a controlled and disciplined no-nonsense style. --New York Review of Books Reviews of this book: This is surely one of the most informative books about the police ever written .... Varieties of Police Behavior is a rich, sophisticated book by an author unusually able to tackle the comprehensiveness and interdependence of the issues which affect police performance, and his analysis and conclusions have much to teach. --Times Literary Supplement It is, without doubt, the finest book on the American police ever written, and Professor Wilson is one of our best-known scholars of urban affairs...Rich...full to the brim with increasing details and shrewd insight. Anyone who wants to have an informed opinion about the policeman's relations to law and order ought to read it. --Irving Kristol
Book Synopsis The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Peace and Conflict Studies by : Oliver P. Richmond
Download or read book The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Peace and Conflict Studies written by Oliver P. Richmond and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-21 with total page 1796 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This encyclopaedia provides a comprehensive overview of major theories and approaches to the study of peace and conflict across different humanities and social sciences disciplines. Peace and conflict studies (PCS) is one of the major sub-disciplines of international studies (including political science and international relations), and has emerged from a need to understand war, related systems and concepts and how to respond to it afterward. As a living reference work, easily discoverable and searchable, the Palgrave Encyclopedia of Peace and Conflict Studies offers solid material for understanding the foundational, historical, and contemporary themes, concepts, theories, events, organisations, and frameworks concerning peace, conflict, security, rights, institutions and development. The Palgrave Encyclopaedia of Peace and Conflict Studies brings together leading and emerging scholars from different disciplines to provide the most comprehensive and up-to-date resource on peace and conflict studies ever produced.
Book Synopsis Comparative Policing from a Legal Perspective by : Monica den Boer
Download or read book Comparative Policing from a Legal Perspective written by Monica den Boer and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Public police forces are a regular phenomenon in most jurisdictions around the world, yet their highly divergent legal context draws surprisingly little attention. Bringing together a wide range of police experts from all around the world, this book provides an overview of traditional and emerging fields of public policing, New material and findings are presented with an international-comparative perspective, it is a must-read for students of policing, security and law and professionals in related fields.
Book Synopsis Promoting the Rule of Law in Post-Conflict States by : Laura Grenfell
Download or read book Promoting the Rule of Law in Post-Conflict States written by Laura Grenfell and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-07-11 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In most post-conflict states, a strong level of legal pluralism is the norm, particularly in regions of Africa and Asia where between eighty and ninety per cent of disputes are resolved through non-state legal mechanisms. The international community, in particular the United Nations, persistently drives the re-establishment of the rule of law in war-torn areas where, traditionally, customary law is prevalent. Laura Grenfell traces the international community's evolving understanding of the rule of law in such regions and explores the implications of strong legal pluralism for the rule-of-law enterprise. Using the comparative examples of two unique case studies, South Africa and Timor-Leste, Promoting the Rule of Law in Post-Conflict States provides insight into the relationship between the rule of law and legal pluralism. Alongside these studies, the book offers a comprehensive introduction to the conceptual framework of the rule of law in the context of approaches taken by the international community.
Author :American Bar Association. House of Delegates Publisher :American Bar Association ISBN 13 :9781590318737 Total Pages :216 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (187 download)
Book Synopsis Model Rules of Professional Conduct by : American Bar Association. House of Delegates
Download or read book Model Rules of Professional Conduct written by American Bar Association. House of Delegates and published by American Bar Association. This book was released on 2007 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Model Rules of Professional Conduct provides an up-to-date resource for information on legal ethics. Federal, state and local courts in all jurisdictions look to the Rules for guidance in solving lawyer malpractice cases, disciplinary actions, disqualification issues, sanctions questions and much more. In this volume, black-letter Rules of Professional Conduct are followed by numbered Comments that explain each Rule's purpose and provide suggestions for its practical application. The Rules will help you identify proper conduct in a variety of given situations, review those instances where discretionary action is possible, and define the nature of the relationship between you and your clients, colleagues and the courts.
Book Synopsis The Police, Public Order and the State by : John D Brewer
Download or read book The Police, Public Order and the State written by John D Brewer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-27 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are police forces agents of the state or of society? How do different police forces maintain order? How does the nature of a country's political system affect the state's reaction to disorder? This study identifies trends in public-order policing across a broad sample of seven countries: Britain, Northern Ireland, the Irish Republic, the United States of America, Israel, South Africa and China. It explains why the handling of disorder has become a controversial and topical issue in different parts of the world. Each chapter provides a range of data on the size, make-up and cost of the police and follows a common format in analysing the place of the police at the junction of state-society relations.
Book Synopsis Votes, Drugs, and Violence by : Guillermo Trejo
Download or read book Votes, Drugs, and Violence written by Guillermo Trejo and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-03 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most surprising developments in Mexico's transition to democracy is the outbreak of criminal wars and large-scale criminal violence. Why did Mexican drug cartels go to war as the country transitioned away from one-party rule? And why have criminal wars proliferated as democracy has consolidated and elections have become more competitive subnationally? In Votes, Drugs, and Violence, Guillermo Trejo and Sandra Ley develop a political theory of criminal violence in weak democracies that elucidates how democratic politics and the fragmentation of power fundamentally shape cartels' incentives for war and peace. Drawing on in-depth case studies and statistical analysis spanning more than two decades and multiple levels of government, Trejo and Ley show that electoral competition and partisan conflict were key drivers of the outbreak of Mexico's crime wars, the intensification of violence, and the expansion of war and violence to the spheres of local politics and civil society.
Book Synopsis Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law by : Melanie G. Wiber
Download or read book Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law written by Melanie G. Wiber and published by LIT Verlag Münster. This book was released on 2012-06-06 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This special issue contains papers on international development interventions that offer support to justice and security reforms in so-called "fragile states." Following an introduction by guest editor Helene Maria Kyed, the book includes papers on: justice and security architecture in Africa * reconfiguring state and non-state actors in the provision of safety in (South) Africa - implications for bottom-up policing arrangements and for donor funding * the consequences of ideals-oriented rule of law policy-making in Liberia * the politics of customary law ascertainment in South Sudan * hybrid and 'everyday' political ordering - constructing and contesting legitimacy in Somaliland * spinning a conflict management web in Vanuatu - creating and strengthening links between state and non-state legal institutions * decentralized power and traditional authorities - how power determines access to justice in Sierra Leone * delivering justice - the changing gendered dynamics of land tenure in Botswana. (Series: The Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law - Vol. 63)
Book Synopsis Authoritarian Police in Democracy by : Yanilda María González
Download or read book Authoritarian Police in Democracy written by Yanilda María González and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-11-12 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In countries around the world, from the United States to the Philippines to Chile, police forces are at the center of social unrest and debates about democracy and rule of law. This book examines the persistence of authoritarian policing in Latin America to explain why police violence and malfeasance remain pervasive decades after democratization. It also examines the conditions under which reform can occur. Drawing on rich comparative analysis and evidence from Brazil, Argentina, and Colombia, the book opens up the 'black box' of police bureaucracies to show how police forces exert power and cultivate relationships with politicians, as well as how social inequality impedes change. González shows that authoritarian policing persists not in spite of democracy but in part because of democratic processes and public demand. When societal preferences over the distribution of security and coercion are fragmented along existing social cleavages, politicians possess few incentives to enact reform.
Book Synopsis Report of Investigation Into the Response by the New York State Police and Others to a Domestic Incident Involving David W. Johnson, an Aide to the Governor by : Judith S. Kaye
Download or read book Report of Investigation Into the Response by the New York State Police and Others to a Domestic Incident Involving David W. Johnson, an Aide to the Governor written by Judith S. Kaye and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The final report in the investigation of NY Gov. David Paterson¿s intervention in a domestic violence case involving a former top aide. On Feb. 25, 2010, the Att. Gen. of NY (OAG) commenced an investigation into possible inappropriate involvement by the NY State Police and others in a domestic incident between David Johnson -- a close aide to Gov. Paterson -- and Johnson¿s girlfriend, and events arising therefrom. The investigation followed a NY Times article about the incident that reported that the State Police detail assigned to the Gov., and the Gov. himself, had contacted the victim of the incident, possibly to pressure her not to pursue a case against Johnson. The special counsel does not recommend any charges against the Gov.
Book Synopsis Illusion of Order by : Bernard E. Harcourt
Download or read book Illusion of Order written by Bernard E. Harcourt and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2005-02-15 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book to challenge the broken-windows theory of crime, which argues that permitting minor misdemeanors, such as loitering and vagrancy, to go unpunished only encourages more serious crime. The theory has revolutionized policing in the United States and abroad, with its emphasis on policies that crack down on disorderly conduct and aggressively enforce misdemeanor laws. The problem, argues Bernard Harcourt, is that although the broken-windows theory has been around for nearly thirty years, it has never been empirically verified. Indeed, existing data suggest that it is false. Conceptually, it rests on unexamined categories of law abiders and disorderly people and of order and disorder, which have no intrinsic reality, independent of the techniques of punishment that we implement in our society. How did the new order-maintenance approach to criminal justice--a theory without solid empirical support, a theory that is conceptually flawed and results in aggressive detentions of tens of thousands of our fellow citizens--come to be one of the leading criminal justice theories embraced by progressive reformers, policymakers, and academics throughout the world? This book explores the reasons why. It also presents a new, more thoughtful vision of criminal justice.
