The Interconnected Relationships Of Health Insurance Health And Labor Market Outcomes

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The Interconnected Relationships of Health Insurance, Health, and Labor Market Outcomes

Author : Matthew S. Rutledge
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis The Interconnected Relationships of Health Insurance, Health, and Labor Market Outcomes by : Matthew S. Rutledge

Download or read book The Interconnected Relationships of Health Insurance, Health, and Labor Market Outcomes written by Matthew S. Rutledge and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Affordable Care Act (ACA) has greatly increased the proportion of non-elderly Americans with health insurance. One justification for the ACA is that improving individuals' access to health insurance would improve their health outcomes, mostly by increasing the probability that they have a regular source of care. Another is that increasing the availability of health insurance outside of employment reduces the “job lock” that ties poorly matched workers to their jobs only because they want to maintain coverage. This study reviews the literature on the relationships between health insurance and health, between health and work, and between health insurance and labor market outcomes directly. The review uses evidence from recent policy expansions in Oregon and Massachusetts, and among Social Security disability beneficiaries and Medicare enrollees, to evaluate the extent to which expansions have the expected effects on labor market outcomes, indirectly and directly. This paper found that: - Health insurance generally improves health. The gains in mental health are the most consistent across studies, though most studies also find notable improves in physical health measures, including mortality. - Greater health generally allows for increased labor supply, though the strength of this relationship depends crucially on whether the health measure is objective or subjective, the group under consideration, and the study's strategy for accounting for the endogeneity of the relationship. - Expanded access to health insurance increases transitions into self-employment and allows older workers to retire earlier, but the effect on labor force participation, employment, and job mobility is less clear. The policy implications of this paper are: - Coverage expansions, including the ACA, are likely to result in a healthier and more productive pool of potential workers, and this effect is likely to increase labor supply. - But not many studies have examined the full chain of relationships directly, by following recipients of expanded coverage to see if their improved health causally increased labor supply, so further work is needed in evaluating coverage expansions.

State Health Insurance Mandates and Labor Market Outcomes

Author : Yaa Akosa Antwi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (974 download)

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Book Synopsis State Health Insurance Mandates and Labor Market Outcomes by : Yaa Akosa Antwi

Download or read book State Health Insurance Mandates and Labor Market Outcomes written by Yaa Akosa Antwi and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this study we re-visit the relationship between private health insurance mandates, access to employer-sponsored health insurance, and labor market outcomes. Specifically, we model employer-sponsored health insurance access and labor market outcomes across the lifecycle as a function of the number of high cost mandates in place at labor market entrance. Our analysis draws on a long panel of workers from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 and exploits variation in five high cost state mandates between 1972 and 1989. Four principal findings emerge from our analysis. First, we find no strong evidence that high cost state health insurance mandates discourage employers from offering insurance to employees. Second, employers adjust both wages and labor demand to offset mandate costs, suggesting that employees place some value on the mandated benefits. Third, the effects are persistent, but not permanent. Fourth, the effects are heterogeneous across worker types. These findings have implications for thinking through the full labor market effects of health insurance expansions.

The U.S. Health Care System and Labor Markets

Author : Brigitte Condie Madrian
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (255 download)

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Book Synopsis The U.S. Health Care System and Labor Markets by : Brigitte Condie Madrian

Download or read book The U.S. Health Care System and Labor Markets written by Brigitte Condie Madrian and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides a broad and general overview of the relationship between the U.S. health care system and the labor market. The paper first describes some of the salient features of and facts about the system of health insurance coverage in the U.S., particularly the role of employers. It then summarizes the empirical evidence on how health insurance impacts labor market outcomes such as wages, labor supply (including retirement, female labor supply, part-time vs. full-time work, and formal vs. informal sector work), labor demand (including hours worked and the composition of employment across full-time, part-time and temporary workers), and job turnover. It then discusses the implications of having a fragmented system of health insurance delivery--in which employers play a central role--on the health care system and health care outcomes.

The Impact of Employer-Sponsored Health Insurance on Labor Market Outcomes

Author : Avantika Kapoor
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (133 download)

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Book Synopsis The Impact of Employer-Sponsored Health Insurance on Labor Market Outcomes by : Avantika Kapoor

Download or read book The Impact of Employer-Sponsored Health Insurance on Labor Market Outcomes written by Avantika Kapoor and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The US does not have universal healthcare coverage for all its citizens. Instead, institutions have been cobbled together, with coverage varying from person to person. Some forms of health insurance are part of the compensation for employment, while others can be accessed whether the person is employed or not. Employers and the government provide most people their health insurance. The Affordable Care Act has mandated all employers with at least 50 full time employees to cover the health insurance of at least 95 percent of the employees. This coverage is borne as a cost by the employer. My thesis uses longitudinal data from the March Current Population Survey (CPS) conducted by the Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (which includes individual-level responses to many demographic and socioeconomic questions) to estimate the impact of insurance cost by observing two sets of time periods (before the mandate is imposed and after the mandate is imposed) to study what has been the impact on variables such as wages, for people who are the heads of their households and what the variation is based on (such as race, age, level of education, and marital status).

Health Care and Labor Market Outcomes of the United States Health Insurance System

Author : Hai Fang (Ph. D.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis Health Care and Labor Market Outcomes of the United States Health Insurance System by : Hai Fang (Ph. D.)

Download or read book Health Care and Labor Market Outcomes of the United States Health Insurance System written by Hai Fang (Ph. D.) and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Changes in Spousal Health Insurance Coverage and Female Labor Supply Decisions

Author : Kandice A. Kapinos
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Changes in Spousal Health Insurance Coverage and Female Labor Supply Decisions by : Kandice A. Kapinos

Download or read book Changes in Spousal Health Insurance Coverage and Female Labor Supply Decisions written by Kandice A. Kapinos and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the changing relationship between spousal health insurance coverage and labor market outcomes for married women over time as healthcare costs have increased. In particular, I investigate how husbands' health insurance coverage offers affect wives' decisions to enter the labor force and work full-time and how this has changed over time. I endeavor to correct for potential biases of these effects by 1) using an instrumental variables model to deal with endogeneity and 2) estimating and netting out likely unobserved heterogeneity biases, such as assortative mating or income effects. Using Current Population Survey data from 1995 to 2005, I find that husband's employer provided health insurance coverage has a negative effect on wife's labor supply that has increased (become more negative) over time.

Essays on the Economics of Health Insurance, Labor Markets, and Migration

Author : Ricki Marie Sears Dolan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (985 download)

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Book Synopsis Essays on the Economics of Health Insurance, Labor Markets, and Migration by : Ricki Marie Sears Dolan

Download or read book Essays on the Economics of Health Insurance, Labor Markets, and Migration written by Ricki Marie Sears Dolan and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation contains three chapters, two which focus on health insurance and one focusing on migration. The first chapter examines how a policy expanding public health insurance for young children affected their parents' labor market and health insurance outcomes. I use variation in the initial income thresholds, children's age cutoffs and timing of implementation across states to estimate the effect of a person's youngest child gaining access to public health insurance on self-employment. I find that having a child become Medicaid eligible increases a father's self-employment and increases his business income. I find no significant effect on self-employment for mothers, but I find that the increasing eligibility is associated with a large negative effect on their probability of remaining in a wage job. The second chapter examines how expanding dependent health insurance for young adults affects the health insurance and labor market outcomes of those young adults and their parents. I exploit two sources of variations in the age at which young adults age out of their parents' health insurance: i) state reforms passed between 2000 and 2010 that extended the maximum age of health insurance dependents beyond 18 and ii) the Affordable Care Act that extended coverage for all young adults in the United States until their 26th birthdays. Using regression discontinuity, I find evidence that the policies increased young adult dependent coverage. Dependent coverage for eligible young adults increased by 8 percentage points over ineligible young adults, while health insurance in the young adults' own name decreased by 6.5 percentage points. I also see evidence that parents of eligible young adults responded by changing their own coverage. The final chapter investigates the relationship between children and migration using data from the American Communities Survey. To address the issue that both migration and fertility might be correlated with unobserved variables I use twin births as an instrumental variable for the number of children. I find that that an additional child decreases migration by 0.6 percentage points and decreases the probability that a woman lives in her birth state by 1.4 percentage points. This suggests that more children hinder migration.

Interaction of the Labor Market and the Health Insurance System

Author : Naoki Aizawa
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 43 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Interaction of the Labor Market and the Health Insurance System by : Naoki Aizawa

Download or read book Interaction of the Labor Market and the Health Insurance System written by Naoki Aizawa and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: We study regulations on the health insurance system for working-age U.S. households, consisting of employer-sponsored health insurance (ESHI), individual health insurance exchange (HIX), and Medicaid. We develop and estimate an equilibrium model with rich heterogeneity across local markets, households, and firms, which highlights the inter-relationship between various components of the health insurance system as well as their relationship with the labor market. We estimate the model exploiting variations across states and policy environments before and after the Affordable Care Act. In counterfactual experiments, we consider policies to cross subsidize between ESHI and HIX, which include pure risk pooling between the two markets as a special case. We find such policies would benefit most households, improve average household welfare, and decrease government expenditure. Furthermore, the welfare gains are larger if the cross subsidization is interacted with Medicaid expansion

The Effects of Employer-Sponsored Health Insurance Premiums on Employment and Wages

Author : Nicola Ciccarelli
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effects of Employer-Sponsored Health Insurance Premiums on Employment and Wages by : Nicola Ciccarelli

Download or read book The Effects of Employer-Sponsored Health Insurance Premiums on Employment and Wages written by Nicola Ciccarelli and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We analyze the effect of employer-sponsored health insurance premiums on employment and annual wages in the US using a county-level panel dataset for the period 2005-2010. Using variation in medical malpractice payments and variation in medical malpractice legislation over time and within states as the source of identifying variation in the health insurance premiums, we estimate the causal effects of rising health insurance premiums on employment and annual wages. We find that a 10% increase in premiums reduces employment by 1.1 percentage points, and leads to a statistically insignificant reduction of annual wages. Since US counties are characterized by a varying degree of private health insurance coverage, we also test whether the private health insurance coverage is a moderating variable for the relationship between the health insurance premiums and the labor market outcomes analyzed in this study. We find that rising premiums negatively affect the labor market conditions faced by US workers, especially in areas that are characterized by high private health insurance coverage.

The Effect of Increases in Health Insurance Premiums on Labor Market Outcomes

Author : Katherine Baicker
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 19 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (72 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effect of Increases in Health Insurance Premiums on Labor Market Outcomes by : Katherine Baicker

Download or read book The Effect of Increases in Health Insurance Premiums on Labor Market Outcomes written by Katherine Baicker and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Health Insurance and the Labor Market

Author : Jonathan Gruber
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 106 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Health Insurance and the Labor Market by : Jonathan Gruber

Download or read book Health Insurance and the Labor Market written by Jonathan Gruber and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A distinctive feature of the health insurance market in the U.S. is the restriction of group insurance availability to the workplace. This has a number of important implications for the functioning of the labor market, through mobility from job-to-job or in and out of the labor force, wage determination, and hiring decisions. This paper reviews the large literature that has emerged in recent years to assess the impact of health insurance on the labor market. I begin with an overview of the institutional details relevant to assessing the interaction of health insurance and the labor market. I then present a theoretical overview of the effects of health insurance on mobility and wage/employment determination. I critically review the empirical literature on these topics, focusing in particular on the methodological issues that have been raised, and highlighting the unanswered questions which can be the focus of future work in this area.

Employment and Health Benefits

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309048273
Total Pages : 381 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Employment and Health Benefits by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Employment and Health Benefits written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1993-02-01 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States is unique among economically advanced nations in its reliance on employers to provide health benefits voluntarily for workers and their families. Although it is well known that this system fails to reach millions of these individuals as well as others who have no connection to the work place, the system has other weaknesses. It also has many advantages. Because most proposals for health care reform assume some continued role for employers, this book makes an important contribution by describing the strength and limitations of the current system of employment-based health benefits. It provides the data and analysis needed to understand the historical, social, and economic dynamics that have shaped present-day arrangements and outlines what might be done to overcome some of the access, value, and equity problems associated with current employer, insurer, and government policies and practices. Health insurance terminology is often perplexing, and this volume defines essential concepts clearly and carefully. Using an array of primary sources, it provides a store of information on who is covered for what services at what costs, on how programs vary by employer size and industry, and on what governments doâ€"and do not doâ€"to oversee employment-based health programs. A case study adapted from real organizations' experiences illustrates some of the practical challenges in designing, managing, and revising benefit programs. The sometimes unintended and unwanted consequences of employer practices for workers and health care providers are explored. Understanding the concepts of risk, biased risk selection, and risk segmentation is fundamental to sound health care reform. This volume thoroughly examines these key concepts and how they complicate efforts to achieve efficiency and equity in health coverage and health care. With health care reform at the forefront of public attention, this volume will be important to policymakers and regulators, employee benefit managers and other executives, trade associations, and decisionmakers in the health insurance industry, as well as analysts, researchers, and students of health policy.

Essays on Health Insurance and the Family

Author : Marcus Owen Dillender
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (859 download)

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Book Synopsis Essays on Health Insurance and the Family by : Marcus Owen Dillender

Download or read book Essays on Health Insurance and the Family written by Marcus Owen Dillender and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The three chapters of this dissertation explore the ties among health insurance, changing cultural institution, and labor economics. The first chapter focuses on the relationship between health insurance and wages by taking advantage of states that extended health insurance dependent coverage to young adults before the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. Using American Community Survey and Census data, I find evidence that extending health insurance to young adults raises their wages, both while they are eligible for insurance through their parents' employers and afterwards. The increases in wages can be explained by increases in human capital and increased flexibility in the labor market that comes from people no longer having to rely on their own employers for health insurance. The second chapter focuses on understanding the impact of allowing coverage of spouses through employer-sponsored health insurance. The fact that people choose to enter into marriage makes comparing the differences between married and unmarried couples uninformative. To get around this, I examine how shocks to access to insurance through a spouse's employer brought on by extensions in legal recognition have influenced health insurance and labor force decisions for same-sex couples. I find extending legal recognition to same-sex couples results in female same-sex couples being more likely to have one member not in the labor force. The third chapter examines what extending legal recognition to same-sex couples has done to marriage rates in the United States using a strategy that compares how marriage rates change after legal recognition in states that alter legal recognition versus states that do not. Despite claims that allowing same-sex couples to marry will reduce the marriage rate for opposite-sex couples, I find no evidence that allowing same-sex couples to marry reduces the opposite-sex marriage rate. The opposite-sex marriage rate does decrease, however, when domestic partnerships are available to opposite-sex couples.

Essays in Health and Labor Economics

Author : Chelsea Jo Crain
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 130 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Essays in Health and Labor Economics by : Chelsea Jo Crain

Download or read book Essays in Health and Labor Economics written by Chelsea Jo Crain and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We compare the changes in insurance coverage and labor market outcomes over time of adults in states that expanded Medicaid and in states that did not. Our estimates suggest that the recent expansion significantly increased Medicaid coverage with little decrease in ESI. Overall, the expansion did not impact labor market outcomes, including labor force participation, employment, and hours worked. In the third chapter, I examined the impact of competition among dentists on the labor supply of dentists. I focus on how dentists' working hours will changes when the level of competition increases by examining the effect of the National Health Service Corps (NHSC). The NHSC was created to increase the supply of rural physicians, which might increase the competition in rural areas. I examine the number of dentists (extensive margins of labor supply) and the change in the working hours of dentists (intensive margins of labor supply) in response to the increased level of physician competition. I found that 1 percent increase in NHSC-approved sites increases 5.4% increases in the number of providers and 0.2% of competition in a rural county. In addition, I found that there is a positive relationship between the number of NHSC-approved sites and providers' working hours. If the competition among dentists increases about 1, then working hours of providers increase about 6 hours per week.

Labor Market Consequences of State Health Insurance Regulation

Author : Robert Kaestner
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Labor Market Consequences of State Health Insurance Regulation by : Robert Kaestner

Download or read book Labor Market Consequences of State Health Insurance Regulation written by Robert Kaestner and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study, based mainly on the 1989-98 March Current Population surveys, finds that state-mandated health insurance benefits and small-group health insurance reform had no statistically significant effects on labor market outcomes such as the quantity of work, wages, and whether an employee worked for a small or large firm. The number and type of state-mandated health insurance benefits were unrelated to weeks of work, wages, and the prevalence of private insurance coverage, but positively associated with weekly work hours. Extensive small-group health insurance reform was associated with a slight decline in the prevalence of private insurance coverage in small firms, and this reform affected both full- and part-time employees. Less extensive reforms were not generally related to the prevalence of private insurance coverage. Overall, the authors do not find strong evidence that insurance regulations affected labor market outcomes, although they appear to cause a small decrease in private coverage.

Health Insurance and Labor Markets

Author : A. Bowen Garrett
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Health Insurance and Labor Markets by : A. Bowen Garrett

Download or read book Health Insurance and Labor Markets written by A. Bowen Garrett and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews the recent economic research on the relationship between health insurance and labor markets in the U.S., with an emphasis on research that has emerged since existing major reviews and the aim of identifying the types of data that are needed for this research to progress. We focus on the conceptual and empirical challenges that researchers face in studying these relationships, the data that has allowed this research to proceed, policy-relevant questions that need further study, and the types of data that would help in obtaining better answers to these questions.

The Political Economy of Health Care Reforms

Author : Huizhong Zhou
Publisher : W.E. Upjohn Institute
ISBN 13 : 0880992247
Total Pages : 170 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis The Political Economy of Health Care Reforms by : Huizhong Zhou

Download or read book The Political Economy of Health Care Reforms written by Huizhong Zhou and published by W.E. Upjohn Institute. This book was released on 2001 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zhou presents a collection of papers that are based on lectures presented at the 36th Annual Public Lecture-Seminar Series conducted by his Department of Economics at Western Michigan University. The six chapters explore Medicare reform, managed care and its effect on the health care system, efforts to cover the uninsured, the effect of health insurance on labor market and employment decisions, and the role of tax policy in health care. The contributions largely limit themselves to analysis of existing institutions and eschew broad proscriptions for the American health-care system. c. Book News Inc.