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The Innovator's Prescription: A Disruptive Solution for Health Care

Author : Clayton Christensen
Publisher : McGraw Hill Professional
ISBN 13 : 9780071592093
Total Pages : 496 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis The Innovator's Prescription: A Disruptive Solution for Health Care by : Clayton Christensen

Download or read book The Innovator's Prescription: A Disruptive Solution for Health Care written by Clayton Christensen and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2008-10-31 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A groundbreaking prescription for health care reform--from a legendary leader in innovation . . . Our health care system is in critical condition. Each year, fewer Americans can afford it, fewer businesses can provide it, and fewer government programs can promise it for future generations. We need a cure, and we need it now. Harvard Business School’s Clayton M. Christensen—whose bestselling The Innovator’s Dilemma revolutionized the business world—presents The Innovator’s Prescription, a comprehensive analysis of the strategies that will improve health care and make it affordable. Christensen applies the principles of disruptive innovation to the broken health care system with two pioneers in the field—Dr. Jerome Grossman and Dr. Jason Hwang. Together, they examine a range of symptoms and offer proven solutions. YOU’LL DISCOVER HOW “Precision medicine” reduces costs and makes good on the promise of personalized care Disruptive business models improve quality, accessibility, and affordability by changing the way hospitals and doctors work Patient networks enable better treatment of chronic diseases Employers can change the roles they play in health care to compete effectively in the era of globalization Insurance and regulatory reforms stimulate disruption in health care

The Innovator's Dilemma

Author : Clayton M. Christensen
Publisher : Harvard Business Review Press
ISBN 13 : 1422197581
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (221 download)

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Book Synopsis The Innovator's Dilemma by : Clayton M. Christensen

Download or read book The Innovator's Dilemma written by Clayton M. Christensen and published by Harvard Business Review Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Named one of 100 Leadership & Success Books to Read in a Lifetime by Amazon Editors An innovation classic. From Steve Jobs to Jeff Bezos, Clay Christensen’s work continues to underpin today’s most innovative leaders and organizations. The bestselling classic on disruptive innovation, by renowned author Clayton M. Christensen. His work is cited by the world’s best-known thought leaders, from Steve Jobs to Malcolm Gladwell. In this classic bestseller—one of the most influential business books of all time—innovation expert Clayton Christensen shows how even the most outstanding companies can do everything right—yet still lose market leadership. Christensen explains why most companies miss out on new waves of innovation. No matter the industry, he says, a successful company with established products will get pushed aside unless managers know how and when to abandon traditional business practices. Offering both successes and failures from leading companies as a guide, The Innovator’s Dilemma gives you a set of rules for capitalizing on the phenomenon of disruptive innovation. Sharp, cogent, and provocative—and consistently noted as one of the most valuable business ideas of all time—The Innovator’s Dilemma is the book no manager, leader, or entrepreneur should be without.

Seeing What's Next

Author : Clayton M. Christensen
Publisher : Harvard Business Press
ISBN 13 : 1422154645
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (221 download)

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Book Synopsis Seeing What's Next by : Clayton M. Christensen

Download or read book Seeing What's Next written by Clayton M. Christensen and published by Harvard Business Press. This book was released on 2004-09-07 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every day, individuals take action based on how they believe innovation will change industries. Yet these beliefs are largely based on guesswork and incomplete data and lead to costly errors in judgment. Now, internationally renowned innovation expert Clayton M. Christensen and his research partners Scott D. Anthony and Erik A. Roth present a groundbreaking framework for predicting outcomes in the evolution of any industry. Based on proven theories outlined in Christensen's landmark books The Innovator's Dilemma and The Innovator's Solution, Seeing What's Next offers a practical, three-part model that helps decision-makers spot the signals of industry change, determine the outcome of competitive battles, and assess whether a firm's actions will ensure or threaten future success. Through in-depth case studies of industries from aviation to health care, the authors illustrate the predictive power of innovation theory in action.

Competing Against Luck

Author : Clayton M. Christensen
Publisher : HarperCollins
ISBN 13 : 0062435639
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (624 download)

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Book Synopsis Competing Against Luck by : Clayton M. Christensen

Download or read book Competing Against Luck written by Clayton M. Christensen and published by HarperCollins. This book was released on 2016-10-04 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The foremost authority on innovation and growth presents a path-breaking book every company needs to transform innovation from a game of chance to one in which they develop products and services customers not only want to buy, but are willing to pay premium prices for. How do companies know how to grow? How can they create products that they are sure customers want to buy? Can innovation be more than a game of hit and miss? Harvard Business School professor Clayton Christensen has the answer. A generation ago, Christensen revolutionized business with his groundbreaking theory of disruptive innovation. Now, he goes further, offering powerful new insights. After years of research, Christensen has come to one critical conclusion: our long held maxim—that understanding the customer is the crux of innovation—is wrong. Customers don’t buy products or services; they "hire" them to do a job. Understanding customers does not drive innovation success, he argues. Understanding customer jobs does. The "Jobs to Be Done" approach can be seen in some of the world’s most respected companies and fast-growing startups, including Amazon, Intuit, Uber, Airbnb, and Chobani yogurt, to name just a few. But this book is not about celebrating these successes—it’s about predicting new ones. Christensen contends that by understanding what causes customers to "hire" a product or service, any business can improve its innovation track record, creating products that customers not only want to hire, but that they’ll pay premium prices to bring into their lives. Jobs theory offers new hope for growth to companies frustrated by their hit and miss efforts. This book carefully lays down Christensen’s provocative framework, providing a comprehensive explanation of the theory and why it is predictive, how to use it in the real world—and, most importantly, how not to squander the insights it provides.

Creating Innovators

Author : Tony Wagner
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1451611498
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (516 download)

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Book Synopsis Creating Innovators by : Tony Wagner

Download or read book Creating Innovators written by Tony Wagner and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2012-04-17 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reveals the importance of innovation in American global competitiveness, profiling some of today's most compelling young innovators while explaining how they have succeeded through the unconventional methods of parents, teachers, and mentors.

How Will You Measure Your Life? (Harvard Business Review Classics)

Author : Clayton M. Christensen
Publisher : Harvard Business Review Press
ISBN 13 : 1633692574
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (336 download)

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Book Synopsis How Will You Measure Your Life? (Harvard Business Review Classics) by : Clayton M. Christensen

Download or read book How Will You Measure Your Life? (Harvard Business Review Classics) written by Clayton M. Christensen and published by Harvard Business Review Press. This book was released on 2017-01-17 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the spring of 2010, Harvard Business School’s graduating class asked HBS professor Clay Christensen to address them—but not on how to apply his principles and thinking to their post-HBS careers. The students wanted to know how to apply his wisdom to their personal lives. He shared with them a set of guidelines that have helped him find meaning in his own life, which led to this now-classic article. Although Christensen’s thinking is rooted in his deep religious faith, these are strategies anyone can use. Since 1922, Harvard Business Review has been a leading source of breakthrough ideas in management practice. The Harvard Business Review Classics series now offers you the opportunity to make these seminal pieces a part of your permanent management library. Each highly readable volume contains a groundbreaking idea that continues to shape best practices and inspire countless managers around the world.

The Innovator's DNA

Author : Jeff Dyer
Publisher : Harvard Business Press
ISBN 13 : 142214271X
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (221 download)

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Book Synopsis The Innovator's DNA by : Jeff Dyer

Download or read book The Innovator's DNA written by Jeff Dyer and published by Harvard Business Press. This book was released on 2011-07-12 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new classic, cited by leaders and media around the globe as a highly recommended read for anyone interested in innovation. In The Innovator’s DNA, authors Jeffrey Dyer, Hal Gregersen, and bestselling author Clayton Christensen (The Innovator’s Dilemma, The Innovator’s Solution, How Will You Measure Your Life?) build on what we know about disruptive innovation to show how individuals can develop the skills necessary to move progressively from idea to impact. By identifying behaviors of the world’s best innovators—from leaders at Amazon and Apple to those at Google, Skype, and Virgin Group—the authors outline five discovery skills that distinguish innovative entrepreneurs and executives from ordinary managers: Associating, Questioning, Observing, Networking, and Experimenting. Once you master these competencies (the authors provide a self-assessment for rating your own innovator’s DNA), the authors explain how to generate ideas, collaborate to implement them, and build innovation skills throughout the organization to result in a competitive edge. This innovation advantage will translate into a premium in your company’s stock price—an innovation premium—which is possible only by building the code for innovation right into your organization’s people, processes, and guiding philosophies. Practical and provocative, The Innovator’s DNA is an essential resource for individuals and teams who want to strengthen their innovative prowess.

The Innovative University

Author : Clayton M. Christensen
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118091256
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis The Innovative University by : Clayton M. Christensen

Download or read book The Innovative University written by Clayton M. Christensen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-06-24 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Innovative University illustrates how higher education can respond to the forces of disruptive innovation , and offers a nuanced and hopeful analysis of where the traditional university and its traditions have come from and how it needs to change for the future. Through an examination of Harvard and BYU-Idaho as well as other stories of innovation in higher education, Clayton Christensen and Henry Eyring decipher how universities can find innovative, less costly ways of performing their uniquely valuable functions. Offers new ways forward to deal with curriculum, faculty issues, enrollment, retention, graduation rates, campus facility usage, and a host of other urgent issues in higher education Discusses a strategic model to ensure economic vitality at the traditional university Contains novel insights into the kind of change that is necessary to move institutions of higher education forward in innovative ways This book uncovers how the traditional university survives by breaking with tradition, but thrives by building on what it's done best.

The Innovator's Method

Author : Nathan Furr
Publisher : Harvard Business Review Press
ISBN 13 : 1625271476
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (252 download)

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Book Synopsis The Innovator's Method by : Nathan Furr

Download or read book The Innovator's Method written by Nathan Furr and published by Harvard Business Review Press. This book was released on 2014-08-19 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Have you ever come up with an idea for a new product or service but didn’t take any action because you thought it would be too risky? Or at work, have you had what you thought could be a big idea for your company—perhaps changing the way you develop or distribute a product, provide customer service, or hire and train your employees? If you have, but you haven’t known how to take the next step, you need to understand what the authors call the innovator’s method—a set of tools emerging from lean start-up, design thinking, and agile software development that are revolutionizing how new ideas are created, refined, and brought to market. To date these tools have helped entrepreneurs, designers, and software developers manage uncertainty—through cheap and rapid experiments that systematically lower failure rates and risk. But many managers and leaders struggle to apply these powerful tools within their organizations, as they often run counter to traditional managerial thinking and practice. Authors Nathan Furr and Jeff Dyer wrote this book to address that very problem. Following the breakout success of The Innovator’s DNA—which Dyer wrote with Hal Gregersen and bestselling author Clay Christensen to provide a framework for generating ideas—this book shows how to make those ideas actually happen, to commercialize them for success. Based on their research inside corporations and successful start-ups, Furr and Dyer developed the innovator’s method, an end-to-end process for creating, refining, and bringing ideas to market. They show when and how to apply the tools of their method, how to adapt them to your business, and how to answer commonly asked questions about the method itself, including: How do we know if this idea is worth pursuing? Have we found the right solution? What is the best business model for this new offering? This book focuses on the “how”—how to test, how to validate, and how to commercialize ideas with the lean, design, and agile techniques successful start-ups use. Whether you’re launching a start-up, leading an established one, or simply working to get a new product off the ground in an existing company, this book is for you.

Econovation

Author : Steve Faktor
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 111818243X
Total Pages : 215 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (181 download)

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Book Synopsis Econovation by : Steve Faktor

Download or read book Econovation written by Steve Faktor and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-10-27 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last 20 years, China fed our zombie-like appetite for iPhones, Prada and Snuggies. At the same time, its biggest customer, the US, found itself in debt, under-educated, and covered with recreational tattoos. So now what? Will America wallow in mediocrity like Greece or some C-list celebrity? Or, will our legendary ingenuity save us from Tweeting...and eating our way to irrelevance? Econovation is a bold, witty response to those questions that doesn't rely on miracles or government for answers. It challenges business leaders to think differently about the next decade of the US economy and respond with big, sustainable innovations. Written by Steve Faktor, former Vice President of Growth & Innovation and head of the Chairman's Innovation Fund at American Express, Econovation is a trends book on steroids. It's bursting with practical, thought-provoking ideas no executive, entrepreneur or Fed Chairman can afford to miss. Most importantly, Econovation envisions a very different future. It's one ruled by "producerism", not consumerism. It's a future in which real innovators must do more than slide a greasy finger over the screen of an iPad. Econovation uncovers opportunities in unexpected places. You'll learn how to: Capitalize on a market that will go from making nothing to making everything...for China. Use psychological pricing and some crafty tricks from Google to reduce reliance on tapped-out consumers Sell to consumers whose new identities will be based on what they create, not what they buy, click or super-size Seduce a desperate government to finance your business, then feed you pancakes in the morning Motivate tomorrow's employee with social currency instead of the green, depreciating kind Upgrade your business and your kids with a little help from Mormons and kindergartners with hacksaws Econovation is a fresh perspective on a future we've taken for granted. It empowers readers to think big, dream big, and conquer economic conditions that will paralyze others. With a hefty dose of data, humor, and actionable ideas, Econovation offers insight and amusement in one, convenient place - a rare treat for a business book.

The Innovator's Manifesto

Author : Michael Raynor
Publisher : Crown Currency
ISBN 13 : 0385531672
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (855 download)

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Book Synopsis The Innovator's Manifesto by : Michael Raynor

Download or read book The Innovator's Manifesto written by Michael Raynor and published by Crown Currency. This book was released on 2011-08-09 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this compelling new book, Michael E. Raynor, coauthor of the national bestseller The Innovator’s Solution, shows that Disruption, Clayton M. Christensen’s landmark theory that explains how fringe ideas come to redefine entire markets, not only explains why new businesses emerge and mature companies fall – it actually helps to predict the future success of new ventures more accurately. Raynor’s groundbreaking research, and deeper understanding of the mechanisms and drivers of Disruption make this approach to innovation more powerful and more useful than ever. Despite the groaning shelves of books offering advice on innovation, most managers continue to struggle to create the profitable growth their companies need. The reason? The vast majority of management theories base their prescriptions on explanations of the past. When it comes to predicting successful innovation, a willingness to apply the empirical and theoretical rigor of the scientific method to prove what will work in the real world has been notable by its absence. Until now. In the Innovator’s Manifesto, Michael E. Raynor, a director at Deloitte Consulting, LLP., coauthor of The Innovator’s Solution, and author of The Strategy Paradox, shows how Disruption theory can help managers more accurately predict which businesses will survive – and which will die. In fact, Raynor argues that Disruption theory is the only theory which has been statistically proven to be an effective predictive tool. The book draws on the research of the New Business Initiatives (NBI) group at Intel, analyzing forty-eight new ventures that NBI researched, scrutinized, and ultimately funded. The group’s success rate was comparable to venture capitalists throughout the industry – roughly 10 percent. However, when the principles of Disruption theory were applied to these forty-eight funded ventures in controlled experiments, the subjects’ accuracy rates improved significantly – by almost 40 percent. Raynor replicated these experiments with over 300 MBA students at schools in the United States and Canada, including Harvard, with even more impressive results: systematic improvements in predictive accuracy of up to 50 percent. In other words, not only is disruption effective, it can be readily and successfully taught and applied. The Innovator’s Manifesto is the most significant advance in our understanding of the mechanisms and implications of Disruption theory since Christensen’s seminal 1997 work, The Innovator’s Dilemma. For the first time disruption theory has been shown to give managers and investors effective tools they can use in their efforts to create the success they seek.

Reverse Innovation in Health Care

Author : Vijay Govindarajan
Publisher : Harvard Business Press
ISBN 13 : 1633693678
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (336 download)

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Book Synopsis Reverse Innovation in Health Care by : Vijay Govindarajan

Download or read book Reverse Innovation in Health Care written by Vijay Govindarajan and published by Harvard Business Press. This book was released on 2018-06-19 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Health-Care Solutions from a Distant Shore Health care in the United States and other nations is on a collision course with patient needs and economic reality. For more than a decade, leading thinkers, including Michael Porter and Clayton Christensen, have argued passionately for value-based health-care reform: replacing delivery based on volume and fee-for-service with competition based on value, as measured by patient outcomes per dollar spent. Though still a pipe dream here in the United States, this kind of value-based competition is already a reality--in India. Facing a giant population of poor, underserved people and a severe shortage of skills and capacity, some resourceful private enterprises have found a way to deliver high-quality health care, at ultra-low prices, to all patients who need it. This book shows how the innovations developed by these Indian exemplars are already being practiced by some far-sighted US providers--reversing the typical flow of innovation in the world. Govindarajan and Ramamurti, experts in the phenomenon of reverse innovation, reveal four pathways being used by health-care organizations in the United States to apply Indian-style principles to attack the exorbitant costs, uneven quality, and incomplete access to health care. With rich stories and detailed accounts of medical professionals who are putting these ideas into practice, this book shows how value-based delivery can be made to work in the United States. This "bottom-up" change doesn't require a grand plan out of Washington, DC, agreement between entrenched political parties, or coordination among all players in the health-care system. It needs entrepreneurs with innovative ideas about delivering value to patients. Reverse innovation has worked in other industries. We need it now in health care.

The Disruption Dilemma

Author : Joshua Gans
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262533626
Total Pages : 177 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis The Disruption Dilemma by : Joshua Gans

Download or read book The Disruption Dilemma written by Joshua Gans and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2017-04-21 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An expert in management takes on the conventional wisdom about disruption, looking at companies that proved resilient and offering managers tools for survival. “Disruption” is a business buzzword that has gotten out of control. Today everything and everyone seem to be characterized as disruptive—or, if they aren't disruptive yet, it's only a matter of time before they become so. In this book, Joshua Gans cuts through the chatter to focus on disruption in its initial use as a business term, identifying new ways to understand it and suggesting new tools to manage it. Almost twenty years ago Clayton Christensen popularized the term in his book The Innovator's Dilemma, writing of disruption as a set of risks that established firms face. Since then, few have closely examined his account. Gans does so in this book. He looks at companies that have proven resilient and those that have fallen, and explains why some companies have successfully managed disruption—Fujifilm and Canon, for example—and why some like Blockbuster and Encyclopedia Britannica have not. Departing from the conventional wisdom, Gans identifies two kinds of disruption: demand-side, when successful firms focus on their main customers and underestimate market entrants with innovations that target niche demands; and supply-side, when firms focused on developing existing competencies become incapable of developing new ones. Gans describes the full range of actions business leaders can take to deal with each type of disruption, from “self-disrupting” independent internal units to tightly integrated product development. But therein lies the disruption dilemma: A firm cannot practice both independence and integration at once. Gans shows business leaders how to choose their strategy so their firms can deal with disruption while continuing to innovate.

The Innovator's Prescription

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis The Innovator's Prescription by :

Download or read book The Innovator's Prescription written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Innovator's Dilemma

Author : Clayton M. Christensen
Publisher : HarperBusiness
ISBN 13 : 9780062060242
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis The Innovator's Dilemma by : Clayton M. Christensen

Download or read book The Innovator's Dilemma written by Clayton M. Christensen and published by HarperBusiness. This book was released on 2011-10-04 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this revolutionary bestseller, innovation expert Clayton M. Christensen says outstanding companies can do everything right and still lose their market leadership—or worse, disappear altogether. And not only does he prove what he says, but he tells others how to avoid a similar fate. Focusing on “disruptive technology,” Christensen shows why most companies miss out on new waves of innovation. Whether in electronics or retailing, a successful company with established products will get pushed aside unless managers know when to abandon traditional business practices. Using the lessons of successes and failures from leading companies, The Innovator’s Dilemma presents a set of rules for capitalizing on the phenomenon of disruptive innovation. Find out: When it is right not to listen to customers. When to invest in developing lower-performance products that promise lower margins. When to pursue small markets at the expense of seemingly larger and more lucrative ones. Sharp, cogent, and provocative, The Innovator’s Dilemma is one of the most talked-about books of our time—and one no savvy manager or entrepreneur should be without.

Generation Rx

Author : Greg Critser
Publisher : Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
ISBN 13 : 0618773568
Total Pages : 323 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (187 download)

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Book Synopsis Generation Rx by : Greg Critser

Download or read book Generation Rx written by Greg Critser and published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. This book was released on 2005 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the possible consequences of the growth of prescription drug use and the impact of direct-to-consumer promotion (DTC) and off-label marketing.

Democratizing Innovation

Author : Eric Von Hippel
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262250179
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (622 download)

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Book Synopsis Democratizing Innovation by : Eric Von Hippel

Download or read book Democratizing Innovation written by Eric Von Hippel and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2006-02-17 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The process of user-centered innovation: how it can benefit both users and manufacturers and how its emergence will bring changes in business models and in public policy. Innovation is rapidly becoming democratized. Users, aided by improvements in computer and communications technology, increasingly can develop their own new products and services. These innovating users—both individuals and firms—often freely share their innovations with others, creating user-innovation communities and a rich intellectual commons. In Democratizing Innovation, Eric von Hippel looks closely at this emerging system of user-centered innovation. He explains why and when users find it profitable to develop new products and services for themselves, and why it often pays users to reveal their innovations freely for the use of all.The trend toward democratized innovation can be seen in software and information products—most notably in the free and open-source software movement—but also in physical products. Von Hippel's many examples of user innovation in action range from surgical equipment to surfboards to software security features. He shows that product and service development is concentrated among "lead users," who are ahead on marketplace trends and whose innovations are often commercially attractive. Von Hippel argues that manufacturers should redesign their innovation processes and that they should systematically seek out innovations developed by users. He points to businesses—the custom semiconductor industry is one example—that have learned to assist user-innovators by providing them with toolkits for developing new products. User innovation has a positive impact on social welfare, and von Hippel proposes that government policies, including R&D subsidies and tax credits, should be realigned to eliminate biases against it. The goal of a democratized user-centered innovation system, says von Hippel, is well worth striving for. An electronic version of this book is available under a Creative Commons license.