The Influence Of Teacher Expectations On Black And White Students Academic Achievement

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The Influence of Teacher Expectations on Black and White Students' Academic Achievement

Author : Syprose A. Owaja
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (245 download)

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Book Synopsis The Influence of Teacher Expectations on Black and White Students' Academic Achievement by : Syprose A. Owaja

Download or read book The Influence of Teacher Expectations on Black and White Students' Academic Achievement written by Syprose A. Owaja and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examined the influence of teacher expectations based on student's and teacher's race on academic achievement of white versus black students using data from the National Educational Longitudinal Study. Modeling of interaction terms in level-1 resulted in six separate models (two for reading, and four for math). A two-level hierarchical linear modeling with students at level-1 and schools at level-2 was used in each model with application of a three-step modeling procedure in each analysis. The results of the study were consistent with previous research that black students had lower achievement, and also elicited lower teacher expectations regarding achievement than white students in all six models. The study results also suggested significant association between student's and teacher's race, and teacher's expectations as it relates to the achievement gap between white versus black students in the four math models. Both white and black teachers had higher expectations of white students than black students. The association between school type and student's achievement showed mixed results. Public schools had lower achievement than private and Catholic schools in one reading and one math model, and higher achievement than private and Catholic schools in one math model.

Black and White Achievement Gap

Author : Lauren Patricia Jones
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 132 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Black and White Achievement Gap by : Lauren Patricia Jones

Download or read book Black and White Achievement Gap written by Lauren Patricia Jones and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Black-White Test Score Gap

Author : Christopher Jencks
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 9780815746119
Total Pages : 546 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (461 download)

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Book Synopsis The Black-White Test Score Gap by : Christopher Jencks

Download or read book The Black-White Test Score Gap written by Christopher Jencks and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: " The test score gap between blacks and whites—on vocabulary, reading, and math tests, as well as on tests that claim to measure scholastic aptitude and intelligence--is large enough to have far-reaching social and economic consequences. In their introduction to this book, Christopher Jencks and Meredith Phillips argue that eliminating the disparity would dramatically reduce economic and educational inequality between blacks and whites. Indeed, they think that closing the gap would do more to promote racial equality than any other strategy now under serious discussion. The book offers a comprehensive look at the factors that contribute to the test score gap and discusses options for substantially reducing it. Although significant attempts have been made over the past three decades to shrink the test score gap, including increased funding for predominantly black schools, desegregation of southern schools, and programs to alleviate poverty, the median black American still scores below 75 percent of American whites on most standardized tests. The book brings together recent evidence on some of the most controversial and puzzling aspects of the test score debate, including the role of test bias, heredity, and family background. It also looks at how and why the gap has changed over the past generation, reviews the educational, psychological, and cultural explanations for the gap, and analyzes its educational and economic consequences. The authors demonstrate that traditional explanations account for only a small part of the black-white test score gap. They argue that this is partly because traditional explanations have put too much emphasis on racial disparities in economic resources, both in homes and in schools, and on demographic factors like family structure. They say that successful theories will put more emphasis on psychological and cultural factors, such as the way black and white parents teach their children to deal with things they do not know or understand, and the way black and white children respond to the same classroom experiences. Finally, they call for large-scale experiments to determine the effects of schools' racial mix, class size, ability grouping, and other policies. In addition to the editors, the contributors include Claude Steele, Ronald Ferguson, William G. Bowen, Philip Cook, and William Julius Wilson. "

Ethnic Matching

Author : Donald Easton-Brooks
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1475839677
Total Pages : 155 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (758 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethnic Matching by : Donald Easton-Brooks

Download or read book Ethnic Matching written by Donald Easton-Brooks and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2019-03-13 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethnic Matching: Academic Success of Students of Color is an in-depth exploration on the impact of ethnic matching in education, the paring of students of color with teachers of the same race. Research shows that this method has a positive and long-term impact on the academic experience of students of color. This book explores what makes this phenomenon relevant in today’s classrooms. Through interviewing quality teachers of color, this book sheds a light on the impact these teachers make on the academic experience of students of color. This approach is meant to provide all teachers valuable insight into techniques for engaging with diverse learners. Also, from these conversations, the book shows how the intentionality of culturally responsive practice can enhance the academic experience of students of color. Topics such as the challenges of recruiting and retaining quality teachers of color, as well as the valuable work being done on the local, state, and national level to promote diversifying the field of education as a way to provide equitable education for all students is also explored in this book.

Kids Don't Want to Fail

Author : Angel L. Harris
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674264347
Total Pages : 335 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (742 download)

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Book Synopsis Kids Don't Want to Fail by : Angel L. Harris

Download or read book Kids Don't Want to Fail written by Angel L. Harris and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2011-06-13 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the causes of the racial achievement gap in American education—and then addressing it with effective programs—is one of the most urgent problems communities and educators face. For many years, the most popular explanation for the achievement gap has been the “oppositional culture theory”: the idea that black students underperform in secondary schools because of a group culture that devalues learning and sees academic effort as “acting white.” Despite lack of evidence for this belief, classroom teachers accept it, with predictable self-fulfilling results. In a careful quantitative assessment of the oppositional culture hypothesis, Angel L. Harris tested its empirical implications systematically and broadened his analysis to include data from British schools. From every conceivable angle of examination, the oppositional culture theory fell flat. Despite achieving less in school, black students value schooling more than their white counterparts do. Black kids perform badly in high school not because they don’t want to succeed but because they enter without the necessary skills. Harris finds that the achievement gap starts to open up in preadolescence—when cumulating socioeconomic and health disadvantages inhibit skills development and when students start to feel the impact of lowered teacher expectations. Kids Don’t Want to Fail is must reading for teachers, academics, policy makers, and anyone interested in understanding the intersection of race and education.

Public School Administrators' Perception of Teacher Expectations and the Influence on Behavior Infractions and Academic Achievement of Black Students in Mismatch Title I Classrooms

$Download Public School Administrators' Perception of Teacher Expectations and the Influence on Behavior Infractions and Academic Achievement of Black Students in Mismatch Title I Classrooms PDF Online Free$

Author : Kimberly D. Johnson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 135 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Public School Administrators' Perception of Teacher Expectations and the Influence on Behavior Infractions and Academic Achievement of Black Students in Mismatch Title I Classrooms by : Kimberly D. Johnson

Download or read book Public School Administrators' Perception of Teacher Expectations and the Influence on Behavior Infractions and Academic Achievement of Black Students in Mismatch Title I Classrooms written by Kimberly D. Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Black students make up the vast majority of the student population in at-risk schools identified as Title I. With large gaps in educational achievement, Black, at-risk students have lower federal and state test scores, higher course failure rates, and lower enrollment in classes such as Advanced Placement when compared to their White counterparts. With this in mind, teacher expectations play a vital role in the success of Title I, Black students. Public school administrators are also integral when it comes to leading the direction of instruction within these teacher-led classrooms. In this qualitative, interpretative phenomenological study, the researcher explored how public-school administrators perceived the influence of teacher expectations on behavior infractions and academic achievement of Black students in mismatch (White teacher, Black students), Title I classrooms. The 6 public school administrators that participated in this research contributed through semi-structured, one-on-one interviews, which contained 19 questions. Once complete, each interview was transcribed and coded to determine reoccurring themes that answered the 3 overarching research questions. Based on the findings, the public-school administrators interviewed believed that culture played an important part in the education of Title I, Black students. Classrooms that are considered mismatch should involve culturally relevant teaching, where the content is made meaningful for students through the connecting of real-world scenarios and stories. Participants also suggested that public school administrators create a vision that models setting high expectations for all students, including Black students identified as at-risk.

Black American Students in An Affluent Suburb

Author : John U. Ogbu
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135625530
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (356 download)

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Book Synopsis Black American Students in An Affluent Suburb by : John U. Ogbu

Download or read book Black American Students in An Affluent Suburb written by John U. Ogbu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2003-02-26 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John Ogbu has studied minority education from a comparative perspective for over 30 years. The study reported in this book--jointly sponsored by the community and the school district in Shaker Heights, Ohio--focuses on the academic performance of Black American students. Not only do these students perform less well than White students at every social class level, but also less well than immigrant minority students, including Black immigrant students. Furthermore, both middle-class Black students in suburban school districts, as well as poor Black students in inner-city schools are not doing well. Ogbu's analysis draws on data from observations, formal and informal interviews, and statistical and other data. He offers strong empirical evidence to support the cross-class existence of the problem. The book is organized in four parts: *Part I provides a description of the twin problems the study addresses--the gap between Black and White students in school performance and the low academic engagement of Black students; a review of conventional explanations; an alternative perspective; and the framework for the study. *Part II is an analysis of societal and school factors contributing to the problem, including race relations, Pygmalion or internalized White beliefs and expectations, levelling or tracking, the roles of teachers, counselors, and discipline. *Community factors--the focus of this study--are discussed in Part III. These include the educational impact of opportunity structure, collective identity, cultural and language or dialect frame of reference in schooling, peer pressures, and the role of the family. This research focus does not mean exonerating the system and blaming minorities, nor does it mean neglecting school and society factors. Rather, Ogbu argues, the role of community forces should be incorporated into the discussion of the academic achievement gap by researchers, theoreticians, policymakers, educators, and minorities themselves who genuinely want to improve the academic achievement of African American children and other minorities. *In Part IV, Ogbu presents a summary of the study's findings on community forces and offers recommendations--some of which are for the school system and some for the Black community. Black American Students in an Affluent Suburb: A Study of Academic Disengagement is an important book for a wide range of researchers, professionals, and students, particularly in the areas of Black education, minority education, comparative and international education, sociology of education, educational anthropology, educational policy, teacher education, and applied anthropology.

Perceptions of Teacher Expectations by African American Students and Teachers in Selected High Schools

Author : Beverley E. Pringle
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780549029175
Total Pages : 149 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (291 download)

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Book Synopsis Perceptions of Teacher Expectations by African American Students and Teachers in Selected High Schools by : Beverley E. Pringle

Download or read book Perceptions of Teacher Expectations by African American Students and Teachers in Selected High Schools written by Beverley E. Pringle and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study revealed that teacher expectations are lower for African Americans than for non-African American students as perceived by African American students. Racial stereotyping has occurred in classrooms and in the schools. Teacher expectations that encourage high levels of academic achievement in African American students are relatively the same as those of exceptional teachers, regardless of the race or ethnicity of the students.

Class and Schools

Author : Richard Rothstein
Publisher : Teachers College Press
ISBN 13 : 9780807745564
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (455 download)

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Book Synopsis Class and Schools by : Richard Rothstein

Download or read book Class and Schools written by Richard Rothstein and published by Teachers College Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contemporary public policy assumes that the achievement gap between black and white students could be closed if only schools would do a better job. According to Richard Rothstein, "Closing the gaps between lower-class and middle-class children requires social and economic reform as well as school improvement. Unfortunately, the trend is to shift most of the burden to schools, as if they alone can eradicate poverty and inequality." In this book, Rothstein points the way toward social and economic reforms that would give all children a more equal chance to succeed in school. This book features: a summary of numerous studies linking school achievement to health care quality, nutrition, childrearing styles, housing stability, parental economic security, and more ; aA look at erroneous and misleading data that underlie commonplace claims that some schools "beat the demographic odds and therefore any school can close the achievement gap if only it adopted proper practices." ; and an analysis of how the over-emphasis of standardized tests in federal law obscures the true achievement gap and makes narrowing it more difficult.

Teachers' Expectations as a Factor Influencing African-American Students' Academic Achievement and Classroom Behavior

Author : Anusree Gupta
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 86 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (68 download)

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Book Synopsis Teachers' Expectations as a Factor Influencing African-American Students' Academic Achievement and Classroom Behavior by : Anusree Gupta

Download or read book Teachers' Expectations as a Factor Influencing African-American Students' Academic Achievement and Classroom Behavior written by Anusree Gupta and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Teachers' expectations for African-American students and the role of students' race in teachers' expectations is the focus of this report. Several studies have indicated that teacher expectations not only influence African-American students' academic achievement, but also their classroom behavior. Studies have also suggested that low teacher expectations are a result of a combination of various factors such as teacherstudent race, low socioeconomic background and cultural differences. Low expectations based on incorrect information may lead to self-fulfilling prophecies. This report also sheds light on ways in which school counselors could contribute in changing and sustaining teacher expectations and promoting culture-relevant teaching strategies.

Culturally Responsive Teaching

Author : Geneva Gay
Publisher : Teachers College Press
ISBN 13 : 0807750786
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (77 download)

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Book Synopsis Culturally Responsive Teaching by : Geneva Gay

Download or read book Culturally Responsive Teaching written by Geneva Gay and published by Teachers College Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The achievement of students of color continues to be disproportionately low at all levels of education. More than ever, Geneva Gay's foundational book on culturally responsive teaching is essential reading in addressing the needs of today's diverse student population. Combining insights from multicultural education theory and research with real-life classroom stories, Gay demonstrates that all students will perform better on multiple measures of achievement when teaching is filtered through their own cultural experiences. This bestselling text has been extensively revised to include expanded coverage of student ethnic groups: African and Latino Americans as well as Asian and Native Americans as well as new material on culturally diverse communication, addressing common myths about language diversity and the effects of "English Plus" instruction.

Combating the Achievement Gap

Author : Teresa Hill
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1475826524
Total Pages : 179 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (758 download)

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Book Synopsis Combating the Achievement Gap by : Teresa Hill

Download or read book Combating the Achievement Gap written by Teresa Hill and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2017-06-13 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite 30 years of school reform, the achievement gap between African American students, Latino students, students in poverty and white middle class students persists. Too often, well-meaning teachers, leaders and policymakers inadvertently contribute to the perpetuation of the achievement gap through daily practices. Teresa D. Hill, a practitioner with experience as a teacher and leader in diverse schools, examines the structures, messages, attitudes and beliefs in schools that perpetuate the idea that failure is a default for African American, Latino, and low-income students. She then discusses the practical actions that educators and leaders can take to end failure as a default in their schools. Combatting the Achievement Gap empowers educators and leaders to make meaningful change in the educational outcomes of African American, Latino, and low-income children by addressing structures, messages, attitudes and beliefs that are within educators’ sphere of influence. It will be of interest to school and district leaders, teachers, and policymakers seeking to address the achievement gap as well as teacher educators and researchers with an interest in education and social justice.

Raising Black Students' Achievement Through Culturally Responsive Teaching

Author : Johnnie McKinley
Publisher : ASCD
ISBN 13 : 1416613412
Total Pages : 227 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (166 download)

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Book Synopsis Raising Black Students' Achievement Through Culturally Responsive Teaching by : Johnnie McKinley

Download or read book Raising Black Students' Achievement Through Culturally Responsive Teaching written by Johnnie McKinley and published by ASCD. This book was released on 2011-03-30 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Johnnie McKinley presents the results of her in-depth study of a group of teachers in grades 3 thru 8 who managed to radically narrow the achievement gap between their black and white students by using a set of culturally responsive strategies in their classrooms. McKinley uses the educators' own words and illustrative "virtual walkthroughs" of lessons in action to examine these strategies in detail. In addition, the book includes * An overview of the research literature on effective responses to the achievement gap; * Instructions for conducting classroom walkthroughs, including a series of feedback forms that teachers can use to conduct walkthroughs in their schools; and * A comprehensive guide to the author's Teaming for Culturally Responsive Classrooms (TCRC) model—an innovative multistep framework for assessing the cultural responsiveness of teaching strategies in schools. Educators have been struggling for decades to remedy the disparity in academic outcomes between black and white students. This book shows how one remarkable group of teachers harnessed the power of culturally responsive teaching to do just that. By following the path outlined in Raising Black Students' Achievement Through Culturally Responsive Teaching, you too can help your black students to become engaged, self-confident, and successful learners.

Harming the Best

Author : Eric Alan Hanushek
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Harming the Best by : Eric Alan Hanushek

Download or read book Harming the Best written by Eric Alan Hanushek and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sizeable achievement differences by race appear in early grades, but substantial uncertainty exists about the impact of school quality on the black-white achievement gap and particularly about its evolution across different parts of the achievement distribution. Texas administrative data show that the overall growth in the achievement gap between third and eighth grade is higher for students with higher initial achievement and that specific teacher and peer characteristics including teacher experience and peer racial composition explain a substantial share of the widening. The adverse effect of attending school with a high black enrollment share appears to be an important contributor to the larger growth in the achievement differential in the upper part of the test score distribution. This evidence reaffirms the major role played by peers and school quality, but also presents a policy dilemma. Teacher labor market complications, current housing patterns, legal limits in segregation efforts, and uncertainty about the overall effects of specific desegregation programs indicate that effective policy responses will almost certainly involve a set of school improvements beyond simple changes in peer racial composition and the teacher experience distribution.

My Existence Didn't Make No Difference to Them

Author : Larissa Malone
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (927 download)

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Book Synopsis My Existence Didn't Make No Difference to Them by : Larissa Malone

Download or read book My Existence Didn't Make No Difference to Them written by Larissa Malone and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this qualitative research was to understand the perceptions of African-American students and their families regarding teacher expectations and the experiences that shaped these perceptions. The study sought to understand the ways in which members of the African-American community processed and responded to schooling based on their interpretation of educational institutions' expectations. Critical Race Theory served as the theoretical framework which posited that culture is critical to human agency and race is relevant, salient, and is an undeniable influence on the structure of all American institutions, including schools. Findings revealed African-Americans perceived that educational institutions of America, as a whole, are inherently designed to obstruct progress towards social justice. The emergent themes of ethnic identity, racial socialization, cultural mistrust and resilience and their relevance to and the way in which they informed perceptions of teacher expectations and the discourse surrounding majority-minority relations and cultural negotiations are discussed. This inquiry concluded that the perceptions of teachers' lower expectations influenced both African-American students' approach to schooling, but did not deter them from high achievement and encouraged African-American parents' activism in countering racial biases to guide their students through school. Implications for diverse school communities include systemic efforts of inclusion, equitable treatment of all students and racial reconciliation as an integral part of increased African-American student achievement.

Creating the Opportunity to Learn

Author : A. Wade Boykin
Publisher : ASCD
ISBN 13 : 1416614060
Total Pages : 251 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (166 download)

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Book Synopsis Creating the Opportunity to Learn by : A. Wade Boykin

Download or read book Creating the Opportunity to Learn written by A. Wade Boykin and published by ASCD. This book was released on 2011 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Creating the Opportunity to Learn, Wade Boykin and Pedro Noguera help navigate the waters of evidence-based methodologies and chart a course toward closing (and eliminating) the academic achievement gap. The authors maintain that it is possible to close the gap by abandoning failed strategies, learning from successful schools, and simply doing more of what the research shows is most effective. --From publisher's description.

Because of the Kids

Author : Jennifer E. Obidah
Publisher : Teachers College Press
ISBN 13 : 9780807740125
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (41 download)

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Book Synopsis Because of the Kids by : Jennifer E. Obidah

Download or read book Because of the Kids written by Jennifer E. Obidah and published by Teachers College Press. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book details the story of two teacher-researchers--Jennifer, who is African American, and Karen, who is White--as they set out on a collaborative three year study to explore the impact of racial and cultural differences in Karen's urban middle school classroom. They describe how they learn to confront and deal with the challenges they face so that they can work together. Their study presents the difficulties and importance of collaborations between teachers from different racial and cultural backgrounds as well as insights on how race and culture evolve in teacher-student interactions.