The Influence of Hot and Cool Executive Function on Social Norm Learning and Sharing in Preschool Children

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis The Influence of Hot and Cool Executive Function on Social Norm Learning and Sharing in Preschool Children by : Sarah Danielle English

Download or read book The Influence of Hot and Cool Executive Function on Social Norm Learning and Sharing in Preschool Children written by Sarah Danielle English and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research indicates that norm understanding, as indicated by complying to and enforcing social norms, develops during the preschool years. In addition, children refine prosocial behaviours during this time. While hot and cool executive function (EF) abilities have been explored as independent systems, few studies have investigated the impact of their interaction on more complex cognitive abilities. Therefore, the current study examined the effects of both hot and cool EF on preschool children's sharing behaviours after viewing an Ultimatum-style norm paradigm. The sample consisted of 101 three- and four-year-old children (M = 3.58 years, SD = 0.50) including 55 females and 46 males from daycares in rural New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, Canada. Participants completed a number of tests of EF including working memory, inhibitory control, as well as a version of the Preschool Gambling task. Participants also completed a task to assess social norm learning which included three phases: baseline sharing, norm learning, and post-manipulation sharing. Whether children observed a generous or stingy model of sharing did not influence subsequent sharing behaviour on its own. Rather, a cluster analysis resulting in three distinct groups differing on baseline sharing and rejection rates suggested that individual differences may be more important in determining sharing behaviours. Moreover, the findings suggest that a balanced combination of both hot and cool EF abilities are necessary for understanding and complying to social norms. The findings of this study will help to inform the field about the early processes which underlie social norm learning, and more broadly, prosocial development.

The Association of Hot and Cool Executive Function in Social Rule Learning in Preschool Children

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis The Association of Hot and Cool Executive Function in Social Rule Learning in Preschool Children by : Pascale Marie Haidar

Download or read book The Association of Hot and Cool Executive Function in Social Rule Learning in Preschool Children written by Pascale Marie Haidar and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Role of Hot and Cool Executive Functioning in Social Rule Learning Among Preschool Children

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis The Role of Hot and Cool Executive Functioning in Social Rule Learning Among Preschool Children by : Natalie Renee Lagacé

Download or read book The Role of Hot and Cool Executive Functioning in Social Rule Learning Among Preschool Children written by Natalie Renee Lagacé and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309324882
Total Pages : 587 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 by : National Research Council

Download or read book Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-07-23 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children are already learning at birth, and they develop and learn at a rapid pace in their early years. This provides a critical foundation for lifelong progress, and the adults who provide for the care and the education of young children bear a great responsibility for their health, development, and learning. Despite the fact that they share the same objective - to nurture young children and secure their future success - the various practitioners who contribute to the care and the education of children from birth through age 8 are not acknowledged as a workforce unified by the common knowledge and competencies needed to do their jobs well. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 explores the science of child development, particularly looking at implications for the professionals who work with children. This report examines the current capacities and practices of the workforce, the settings in which they work, the policies and infrastructure that set qualifications and provide professional learning, and the government agencies and other funders who support and oversee these systems. This book then makes recommendations to improve the quality of professional practice and the practice environment for care and education professionals. These detailed recommendations create a blueprint for action that builds on a unifying foundation of child development and early learning, shared knowledge and competencies for care and education professionals, and principles for effective professional learning. Young children thrive and learn best when they have secure, positive relationships with adults who are knowledgeable about how to support their development and learning and are responsive to their individual progress. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 offers guidance on system changes to improve the quality of professional practice, specific actions to improve professional learning systems and workforce development, and research to continue to build the knowledge base in ways that will directly advance and inform future actions. The recommendations of this book provide an opportunity to improve the quality of the care and the education that children receive, and ultimately improve outcomes for children.

Executive Function in Preschool-age Children

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Publisher : American Psychological Association (APA)
ISBN 13 : 9781433818264
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (182 download)

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Book Synopsis Executive Function in Preschool-age Children by : James Alan Griffin

Download or read book Executive Function in Preschool-age Children written by James Alan Griffin and published by American Psychological Association (APA). This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, top scientists from a variety of fields investigate the development of executive function (EF), a term that encompasses a range of mental processes that together regulate our social behavior and our cognitive and emotional well-being.

Executive Functions in Children's Everyday Lives

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019998087X
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (999 download)

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Book Synopsis Executive Functions in Children's Everyday Lives by : Maureen J. Hoskyn

Download or read book Executive Functions in Children's Everyday Lives written by Maureen J. Hoskyn and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-02-09 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Executive Functions in Children's Everyday Lives captures the diversity and complexity of the executive system that underlies children's everyday life experiences. Acquisition of executive functions, such as interpreting communication cues and the perspectives of others, is foundational to and a function of children's early social and communicative competencies. From the soccer field to the classroom, executive functions support children's strategic thinking and control of their environment. Knowing about executive functions and how this system of cognitive resources emerges in young children is important in understanding children's development. Recent research points to the importance of also considering environmental influences on the executive system. This book is unique in its focus on how experiences in children's early lives influence and are influenced by executive functions. Viewing executive functions through this broad lens is critical for professionals who intervene when children's access to executive functions is less than optimal. This book addresses a wide range of topics, including the neurological basis of executive functions in young children, the assessment of children's executive functions, theoretical and historical conceptions of executive functions, the relations between executive functions and theory of mind, multilingualism, early school transitions, and the relationship of executive functions to Autism and ADHD. This volume will be useful to professionals in applied psychology, undergraduate and graduate students, and social science and applied researchers.

Neurocognitive Development: Normative Development

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444641513
Total Pages : 534 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (446 download)

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Book Synopsis Neurocognitive Development: Normative Development by :

Download or read book Neurocognitive Development: Normative Development written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-09-22 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is one of a two-volume work on neurocognitive development, focusing separately on normative and non-normative development. The normative volume focuses on neurology, biology, genetics, and psychology of normative cognitive development. It covers the development of intellectual abilities, visual perception, motor function, language, memory, attention, executive function, social cognition, learning abilities, and affect and behavior. The book identifies when and how these functions develop, the genetics and neurophysiology of their operation, and their evaluation and assessment in clinical practice. This book will serve as a comprehensive reference to researchers in cognitive development in neuroscience, psychology, and medicine, as well as to clinicians and allied health professionals focused on developmental disabilities (child neurologists, pediatric neuropsychologists, child psychiatrists, speech and language therapists, and occupational therapists.) Summarizes research on normative neurocognitive development Includes intellectual abilities, language, memory, attention, motor function, and more Discusses genetics and environmental influences on development Provides interdisciplinary information of use to both researchers and clinicians

Connecting Cool and Hot Executive Function in Singaporean Preschoolers

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (649 download)

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Book Synopsis Connecting Cool and Hot Executive Function in Singaporean Preschoolers by : Siran Zhan

Download or read book Connecting Cool and Hot Executive Function in Singaporean Preschoolers written by Siran Zhan and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study investigated the relationship between the cool and hot aspects of executive function (EF) and their respective relationships with parenting practices and socio-economic status (SES). Forty six English-Chinese bilingual Singaporean preschool children aged 3 and 4 were assessed on two cool EF measures (day/night & working memory word recall), two putative hot EF measures (less is more & disappointing gift), Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (KBIT), and Peabody picture vocabulary test-revised (PPVT-IV-R). Parents also filled out a questionnaire inquiring about their SES, parental socialization goal, and parenting style. The findings showed a significant positive correlation between working memory and emotion regulation (indicated by positive expression upon receiving the disappointing gift) and regression analysis revealed that positive expression, verbal abilities, and parenting individually accounted for a significant portion of variance in working memory. Less is more score did not correlate with disappointing gift performance. Performance on day/night did not relate to the two hot EF measures or working memory. Children's performance on working memory, day/night, and disappointing gift was predicted by parental socialization goal and parenting style. Together these findings 1) support the notion that EF has separate cool and hot aspects which function differently in isolated contexts; 2) warrant future longitudinal research that investigate the interplay of these two aspects in young children's developmental process.

Measurement of Executive Function in Early Childhood

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Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1135067252
Total Pages : 170 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Measurement of Executive Function in Early Childhood by : Clancy Blair

Download or read book Measurement of Executive Function in Early Childhood written by Clancy Blair and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2016-02-04 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past decade, a rising interest has emerged in aspects of the broad construct of executive function (EF) in childhood. This has transpired as research has discovered that the development of EF is particularly rapid during early childhood, and that the healthy development of EF appears to play a key role in children’s developing social competence and academic and social readiness to attend school. The articles presented in this special issue help advance our understanding of the development of EF, as well as the challenges researchers face when attempting to characterize an aspect of cognition in very young children. Ultimately, this special issue illuminates the many ways in which children come to exhibit age-appropriate levels of social and cognitive competence.

Exploring the Influence of Socioeconomic Status on the Executive Function and Theory of Mind Skills of Preschoolers

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (952 download)

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Book Synopsis Exploring the Influence of Socioeconomic Status on the Executive Function and Theory of Mind Skills of Preschoolers by : Andrea Molzhon

Download or read book Exploring the Influence of Socioeconomic Status on the Executive Function and Theory of Mind Skills of Preschoolers written by Andrea Molzhon and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Executive function (EF) and theory of mind (ToM) skills develop rapidly during the preschool years and have been found to directly and indirectly contribute to school readiness. Evidence indicates that EF may influence ToM development, though this relation may not be consistent across children from different backgrounds. Additionally, socioeconomic status (SES) has been shown to affect preschoolers' EF, while the literature is mixed regarding the effects if any that SES may have on ToM development. Though the relation between EF and ToM appears robust across the literature, the possible effects of SES on this relation have yet to be fully explored. As children from low-SES homes are more likely to fall behind at the start of school, and this achievement gap is likely to widen through the school years, it is important to understand how the cognitive components that contribute to school readiness develop and are affected by SES so that we may work toward improving preschool education for children across all socioeconomic backgrounds. The primary purpose of the current study was to determine whether SES affected the relation between EF and ToM among urban preschool children (ages 3-5 years) from various SES backgrounds. In addition to examining the EF-ToM relation, relations among SES, general cognitive skills, EF, and ToM, as well as relations among age, EF, and ToM, were examined. Results from correlational and regression analyses indicated that SES was related to EF but not ToM, and that EF was not related to ToM after controlling for age. Inconsistent with the majority of previous findings, the results did not support the hypothesized link between EF and ToM. However, the findings from this study do add support to the large body of literature pertaining to the positive relation between SES and EF, and provide evidence that ToM may be relatively protected from the negative effects of low-SES among preschoolers. Results also support previous reports of large age-related changes in EF and ToM that occur during the preschool years. The implications for preschool development and education are discussed.

Human Behavior, Learning, and the Developing Brain

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Publisher : Guilford Press
ISBN 13 : 1606239686
Total Pages : 433 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Behavior, Learning, and the Developing Brain by : Donna Coch

Download or read book Human Behavior, Learning, and the Developing Brain written by Donna Coch and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2010-06-15 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthesizing the breadth of current knowledge on brain behavior relationships in atypically developing children, this important volume integrates theories and data from multiple disciplines. Leading authorities present their latest research on specific clinical problems, including autism, Williams syndrome, learning and language disabilities, ADHD, and issues facing infants of diabetic mothers. In addition, the effects of social stress and maltreatment on brain development and behavior are thoroughly reviewed. Demonstrating the uses of cuttingedge methods from developmental neuroscience, developmental psychology, and cognitive science, the contributors emphasize the implications of their findings for real-world educational and clinical practices.

The Transition to Kindergarten

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 442 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Transition to Kindergarten by : Robert C. Pianta

Download or read book The Transition to Kindergarten written by Robert C. Pianta and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today's kindergarten is the onset of formal schooling for children--the first time families, schools, teachers, and communities come together to form an educational partnership. In this thought-provoking, issues-focused book, the experts explore the research on early schooling and give you a starting point with which to reexamine your beliefs, policies, and practices regarding the first years of school. Scholars, researchers, and other professionals will discover why early school transitions need to be improved and how these critical transitions affect children's future educational success. You'll learn about readiness assessment entrance ages grade retention classroom structure family-school-community partnerships cultural diversity children with disabilities children in poverty This book is part of a series edited by Donald B. Bailey, Jr., Ph.D., and developed in conjunction with the National Center for Early Development and Learning (NCEDL). Visit NCEDL's website for information on the center's research, upcoming meetings, and free online publications..

Parenting Matters

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309388570
Total Pages : 525 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Parenting Matters by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Parenting Matters written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-11-21 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decades of research have demonstrated that the parent-child dyad and the environment of the familyâ€"which includes all primary caregiversâ€"are at the foundation of children's well- being and healthy development. From birth, children are learning and rely on parents and the other caregivers in their lives to protect and care for them. The impact of parents may never be greater than during the earliest years of life, when a child's brain is rapidly developing and when nearly all of her or his experiences are created and shaped by parents and the family environment. Parents help children build and refine their knowledge and skills, charting a trajectory for their health and well-being during childhood and beyond. The experience of parenting also impacts parents themselves. For instance, parenting can enrich and give focus to parents' lives; generate stress or calm; and create any number of emotions, including feelings of happiness, sadness, fulfillment, and anger. Parenting of young children today takes place in the context of significant ongoing developments. These include: a rapidly growing body of science on early childhood, increases in funding for programs and services for families, changing demographics of the U.S. population, and greater diversity of family structure. Additionally, parenting is increasingly being shaped by technology and increased access to information about parenting. Parenting Matters identifies parenting knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with positive developmental outcomes in children ages 0-8; universal/preventive and targeted strategies used in a variety of settings that have been effective with parents of young children and that support the identified knowledge, attitudes, and practices; and barriers to and facilitators for parents' use of practices that lead to healthy child outcomes as well as their participation in effective programs and services. This report makes recommendations directed at an array of stakeholders, for promoting the wide-scale adoption of effective programs and services for parents and on areas that warrant further research to inform policy and practice. It is meant to serve as a roadmap for the future of parenting policy, research, and practice in the United States.

Social Interaction and the Development of Executive Function

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Publisher : Jossey-Bass
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (97 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Interaction and the Development of Executive Function by : Charlie Lewis

Download or read book Social Interaction and the Development of Executive Function written by Charlie Lewis and published by Jossey-Bass. This book was released on 2009-04-20 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on the role of social interactions in the development of executive function, and offers a new and exciting alternative to many contemporary cognitive approaches. Executive function consists of higher cognitive skills involved in the control of thought, action, and emotion. Relatively little is known about the processes that promote its development. The volume is aimed at a broad range of child and adolescent developmental researchers and practitioners interested in how parental scaffolding, family background, as well as educational and cultural processes are linked to the development of children's self-control and social understanding.

The Development of Executive Function in Early Childhood

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Publisher : Wiley-Blackwell
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Development of Executive Function in Early Childhood by : Philip David Zelazo

Download or read book The Development of Executive Function in Early Childhood written by Philip David Zelazo and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 2003 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph concerns the psychological processes underlying the development of executive function, or the conscious control of thought and action. It has long been clear that these processes change considerably in early childhood, transforming a relatively stimulus-driven toddler into a child capable of flexible, goal-directed problem solving. However, the nature of these processes has remained elusive. In a programmatic series of 9 experiments, the authors examine circumstances that help or hinder executive function in 3- to 4-year-old children. The results provide the basis for a revision of their Cognitive Complexity and Control (CCC-r) theory, according to which there are age-related increases in the complexity of the rules that children can formulate and use when solving problems. The revised theory (a) specifies more clearly the circumstances in which children will have difficulty using rules at various levels of complexity, (b) provides a more detailed account of how to determine the complexity of rules required in a task, (c) takes account of both the activation and inhibition of rules as a function of experience, and (d) highlights the importance of considering intentionality in the study of executive function.

Decomposing Hot Executive Function : Decision Making Under Ambiguity in Preschoolers

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (142 download)

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Book Synopsis Decomposing Hot Executive Function : Decision Making Under Ambiguity in Preschoolers by : Danielle E. Dickson

Download or read book Decomposing Hot Executive Function : Decision Making Under Ambiguity in Preschoolers written by Danielle E. Dickson and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hot executive function (EF) is a critical skillset involving the ability to make decisions when there are motivational or emotional influences present. The present study examined three- and four-year-old preschooler performance across three hot EF tasks. Associations between the measures, which included the Preschool Gambling Task(PGT), a Delay of Gratification (DoG) hybrid wait-choice paradigm, and the Trash toTreasure passive avoidance task, were also explored. A sample of 144 preschoolers (including 85 four-year-old children) completed the three hot EF tasks. The results revealed age differences on all three tasks. Furthermore, performance on Trash to Treasure and DoG were associated with different stages of decision making in the PGT, supporting the idea of differences in decision making when preschoolers have no knowledge of the task contingencies versus decision making when they have some knowledge. These findings suggest that age sensitive hot EF tasks have the potential to contribute to the assessment of developmental disorders that include EF impairments, such as autism or conduct disorder. Future studies should consider individual differences in EF development, increase the Trash to Treasure task sensitivity to age, and incorporate a larger sample.

Hot Executive Function and Age Development During the Preschool Period

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 58 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (927 download)

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Book Synopsis Hot Executive Function and Age Development During the Preschool Period by : Julia Kontak

Download or read book Hot Executive Function and Age Development During the Preschool Period written by Julia Kontak and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: