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The Indirect Effect Of Direct Legislation
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Book Synopsis The Indirect Effect of Direct Legislation by : Frederick J. Boehmke
Download or read book The Indirect Effect of Direct Legislation written by Frederick J. Boehmke and published by Ohio State University Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "To demonstrate this, the author models the incentives that the initiative process creates for interests to organize and for how they communicate their preferences to policy makers. Interests that represent a broader range of the public are found to gain the most from the option to propose initiatives, implying that the set of organized interests in initiative states should reflect this advantage. Ironically, an effect of direct legislation is to potentially increase the effectiveness of special interest lobbying in state legislatures - in a sense, the opposite of the direct control that gives direct legislation its theoretical appeal. Yet, the clear effect is one of empowering voices that traditionally had very little effect in the legislative process.
Book Synopsis EU Law. Direct and Indirect Effect by : Carolina Gerwin
Download or read book EU Law. Direct and Indirect Effect written by Carolina Gerwin and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2019-12-09 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2019 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Topic: European Union, grade: 71, University College London, language: English, abstract: This essay argues that while the concept of indirect effect of EU Law is important for safeguarding individual’s rights due to its several beneficial characteristics, recent case law indicates that the principle of horizontal direct effect becomes more important. The essay starts by focusing on the direct effect of primary EU law, particularly Treaty Articles, before discussing the principle regarding secondary sources, especially directives. After that, strategies developed by the CJEU to neutralise the impact of the rule that directives do not have horizontal direct effect are debated, leading to the conclusion that indirect effect becomes less important.
Download or read book EU LAW written by PAUL. CRAIG and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Direct Legislation by : David B. Magleby
Download or read book Direct Legislation written by David B. Magleby and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Party Ballots, Reform, and the Transformation of America's Electoral System by : Erik J. Engstrom
Download or read book Party Ballots, Reform, and the Transformation of America's Electoral System written by Erik J. Engstrom and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-10-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the fascinating and puzzling world of nineteenth- and early twentieth-century American elections. It examines the strategic behavior of nineteenth-century party politicians and shows how their search for electoral victory led them to invent a number of remarkable campaign practices. Why were parties dedicated to massive voter mobilization? Why did presidential nominees wage front-porch campaigns? Why did officeholders across the country tie their electoral fortunes to the popularity of presidential candidates at the top of the ticket? Erik J. Engstrom and Samuel Kernell demonstrate that the defining features of nineteenth-century electoral politics were the product of institutions in the states that prescribed how votes were cast and how those votes were converted into political offices. Relying on a century's worth of original data, this book uncovers the forces propelling the nineteenth-century electoral system, its transformation at the end of the nineteenth century, and the implications of that transformation for modern American politics.
Book Synopsis Steiner & Woods EU Law by : Josephine Steiner
Download or read book Steiner & Woods EU Law written by Josephine Steiner and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2012-08-30 with total page 862 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'EU Law' covers both the institutions of the EU and the substantive law they produce. The new constitution is introduced, its aims and the reasons for its negotiation. Pedagogical features have been incorporated into this edition making the text easier to navigate
Download or read book EU Law Directions written by Nigel Foster and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2012-06-28 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook is written in an informal and engaging manner with an emphasis on explaining the key topics covered in EU courses with clarity. End of chapter questions encourage students to test and reinforce their own learning.
Book Synopsis Cognitive Systems by : Henrik Christensen
Download or read book Cognitive Systems written by Henrik Christensen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-04-05 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Design of cognitive systems for assistance to people poses a major challenge to the fields of robotics and artificial intelligence. The Cognitive Systems for Cognitive Assistance (CoSy) project was organized to address the issues of i) theoretical progress on design of cognitive systems ii) methods for implementation of systems and iii) empirical studies to further understand the use and interaction with such systems. To study, design and deploy cognitive systems there is a need to considers aspects of systems design, embodiment, perception, planning and error recovery, spatial insertion, knowledge acquisition and machine learning, dialog design and human robot interaction and systems integration. The CoSy project addressed all of these aspects over a period of four years and across two different domains of application – exploration of space and task / knowledge acquisition for manipulation. The present volume documents the results of the CoSy project. The CoSy project was funded by the European Commission as part of the Cognitive Systems Program within the 6th Framework Program.
Book Synopsis Empowerment and Disempowerment of the European Citizen by : Michael Dougan
Download or read book Empowerment and Disempowerment of the European Citizen written by Michael Dougan and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2012-11-05 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays engages with a central theme in scholarship on EU citizenship – the emancipation of certain citizens, the alienation of others – and seeks to expand its horizons to interrogate whether similar debates and trends can be identified in other fields of European integration. The focus of the book is distinctly citizen focused. It delivers the potential for the opening out of analysis of the implications of European citizenship beyond the parameters of Articles 18-25 TFEU and beyond the disciplinary confines of legal analysis alone. The book construes 'EU citizenship' in its broadest sense, and explores the extent to which the European citizen is, or indeed is not, genuinely at the heart of EU law and policy-making. Within the broader theme of empowerment and disempowerment, the contributors reflect on a range of cross-cutting themes; for example, the extent to which channels of citizen participation (can) inform EU policy-making in a 'bottom-up' sense; or whether the EU is a catalyst for the construction of new spaces and new identities.
Book Synopsis The Principle of Legal Certainty in EC Law by : J. Raitio
Download or read book The Principle of Legal Certainty in EC Law written by J. Raitio and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The intertwinement of EC law and national law may create unforeseeability in situations where EC law invades the national cases. This study contributes to the contemporary discussion, which wrestles with questions such as: What have been the visions and objectives for European integration in the last decades? How to describe European Union as a political entity and a legal system? What is the relationship between legal certainty, rule of law, various general principles and human rights?
Book Synopsis European Union Law by : Damian Chalmers
Download or read book European Union Law written by Damian Chalmers and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-06-24 with total page 1209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eagerly awaited new edition has been significantly revised after extensive user feedback to meet current teaching requirements. The first major textbook to be published since the rejuvenation of the Lisbon Treaty, it retains the best elements of the first edition – the engaging, easily understandable writing style, extracts from a variety of sources showing the creation, interpretation and application of the law and comprehensive coverage. In addition it has separate chapters on EU law in national courts, governance and external relations reflecting the new directions in which the field is moving. The examination of the free movement of goods and competition law has been restructured. Chapter introductions clearly set out what will be covered in each section allowing students to approach complex material with confidence and detailed further reading sections encourage further study. Put simply, it is required reading for all serious students of EU law.
Book Synopsis Laws of the European Union. Direct Effect, Indirect Effect and State Liability by : Ogochukwu C. Nweke
Download or read book Laws of the European Union. Direct Effect, Indirect Effect and State Liability written by Ogochukwu C. Nweke and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2021-01-28 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2020 in the subject Law - European and International Law, Intellectual Properties, , language: English, abstract: This document discusses how the Court of Justice of the European Union has over the years adopted and used the Direct effect, Indirect effect and State liability principles to make the EU Laws more effective, both in terms of interpretation and application, especially with regards to EU Directives. The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) whose composition and functions were enunciated in Section 5 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) 2008, was established in 1952, with the aim of interpreting the Laws of the European Union, making sure that the application of these laws are uniform and consistent in all EU countries. The CJEU also “settles legal disputes between national governments and EU institutions.” The CJEU is divided into two courts. It gives rulings on cases brought before it and in doing so, it is required to give preliminary rulings in its capacity to interpret the laws (among other capacities) "to ensure EU law is properly applied, but courts in different countries might interpret it differently. If a national court is in doubt about the interpretation or validity of an EU law, it can ask the Court for clarification. The same mechanism can be used to determine whether a national law or practice is compatible with EU law."
Author :American Bar Association. House of Delegates Publisher :American Bar Association ISBN 13 :9781590318737 Total Pages :216 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (187 download)
Book Synopsis Model Rules of Professional Conduct by : American Bar Association. House of Delegates
Download or read book Model Rules of Professional Conduct written by American Bar Association. House of Delegates and published by American Bar Association. This book was released on 2007 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Model Rules of Professional Conduct provides an up-to-date resource for information on legal ethics. Federal, state and local courts in all jurisdictions look to the Rules for guidance in solving lawyer malpractice cases, disciplinary actions, disqualification issues, sanctions questions and much more. In this volume, black-letter Rules of Professional Conduct are followed by numbered Comments that explain each Rule's purpose and provide suggestions for its practical application. The Rules will help you identify proper conduct in a variety of given situations, review those instances where discretionary action is possible, and define the nature of the relationship between you and your clients, colleagues and the courts.
Book Synopsis International Law in Domestic Courts by : Andre Nollkaemper
Download or read book International Law in Domestic Courts written by Andre Nollkaemper and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2019-01-28 with total page 769 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford ILDC online database, an online collection of domestic court decisions which apply international law, has been providing scholars with insights for many years. This ILDC Casebook is the perfect companion, introducing key court decisions with brief introductory and connecting texts. An ideal text for practitioners, judged, government officials, as well as for students on international law courses, the ILDC Casebook explains the theories and doctrines underlying the use by domestic courts of international law, and illustrates the key importance of domestic courts in the development of international law.
Book Synopsis Enforcement of European Union Environmental Law by : Martin Hedemann-Robinson
Download or read book Enforcement of European Union Environmental Law written by Martin Hedemann-Robinson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007-03-12 with total page 699 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offering a detailed legal account of the various legal arrangements at EU level this book is an ideal reference tool for practitioners and legal scholars. As well as examining the principle sources of EU environmental law enforcement, it also contributes to the legal and political debates that surround the subject. Spanning three parts, the author examines and assesses the practical impact of the legal arrangements at EU level that are used for the purpose of upholding EU environmental norms. Providing a comprehensive account of the current state of EU environmental law enforcement and developments affecting it, Enforcing European Union Environmental Law focuses on the principal sources of EU environmental law enforcement, examining: the role of the European Commission the possibilities for private law enforcement the responsibilities of Member State national authorities. An essential read for those studying, researching and working in the areas of environmental and European Union law.
Book Synopsis Understanding European Union Law 2/e by : Karen Davies
Download or read book Understanding European Union Law 2/e written by Karen Davies and published by Cavendish Publishing. This book was released on 2003-10-06 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: European Union law is now a core subject for both the Bar Council and the Law Society,and it is vital that all law students equip themselves with a sound understanding of the EU legal system. This book looks at the main themes of EU law in a logical, progressive manner, giving the reader an understanding of EU law, concentrating on how, and especially why, the law has developed as it has. In addition, a number of issues presently facing the EU are also considered, such as enlargement and the prospect of a comprehensive written constitution. Understanding European Union Law is both an introduction for students new to EU law and an essential addition to revision for the more accomplished, including important tips on how to approach examination questions. It is also essential reading for students on business studies courses.
Book Synopsis Legitimizing European Criminal Law by : Merita Kettunen
Download or read book Legitimizing European Criminal Law written by Merita Kettunen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-08 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book examines how and according to which principles the enactment of European criminal legislation is legitimate. The approach adopted here focuses on the constitutionalization of criminal law (i.e., the growing importance of constitutional elements of the EU legal order and the ECHR regime within criminal law). Further, it shows how and why criminal law has a unique nature, and why it should not be equated with other fields of EU law.The book explains the basic research questions and methodologies, before turning to the nature of criminal law at the level of national law, and addressing the different levels of justification for criminal law. Further, it examines the most prominent features of European criminal law and the difference between general EU law and EU criminal law, as well as the theoretical ideals for European constitutional structures and criminal law. Examples of how the law in practice might not always be in keeping with these normative ideals serve to round out the coverage.
