The Implications of Induction

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000735001
Total Pages : 261 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis The Implications of Induction by : L. Jonathan Cohen

Download or read book The Implications of Induction written by L. Jonathan Cohen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-10-30 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1973. This book presents a valid mode of reasoning that is different to mathematical probability. This inductive logic is investigated in terms of scientific investigation. The author presents his criteria of adequacy for analysing inductive support for hypotheses and discusses each of these criteria in depth. The chapters cover philosophical problems and paradoxes about experimental support, probability and justifiability, ending with a system of logical syntax of induction. Each section begins with a summary of its contents and there is a glossary of technical terms to aid the reader.

The Implications of Induction

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 247 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis The Implications of Induction by : Laurence Jonathan Cohen

Download or read book The Implications of Induction written by Laurence Jonathan Cohen and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Reliable Reasoning

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Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262517345
Total Pages : 119 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Reliable Reasoning by : Gilbert Harman

Download or read book Reliable Reasoning written by Gilbert Harman and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2012-01-13 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The implications for philosophy and cognitive science of developments in statistical learning theory. In Reliable Reasoning, Gilbert Harman and Sanjeev Kulkarni—a philosopher and an engineer—argue that philosophy and cognitive science can benefit from statistical learning theory (SLT), the theory that lies behind recent advances in machine learning. The philosophical problem of induction, for example, is in part about the reliability of inductive reasoning, where the reliability of a method is measured by its statistically expected percentage of errors—a central topic in SLT. After discussing philosophical attempts to evade the problem of induction, Harman and Kulkarni provide an admirably clear account of the basic framework of SLT and its implications for inductive reasoning. They explain the Vapnik-Chervonenkis (VC) dimension of a set of hypotheses and distinguish two kinds of inductive reasoning. The authors discuss various topics in machine learning, including nearest-neighbor methods, neural networks, and support vector machines. Finally, they describe transductive reasoning and suggest possible new models of human reasoning suggested by developments in SLT.

Inducing Labour

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781999806439
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis Inducing Labour by : Sara Wickham

Download or read book Inducing Labour written by Sara Wickham and published by . This book was released on 2018-04-30 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When is it better to induce labour than to let a woman's body or baby decide the best time for birth? What are the pros and cons of waiting and of being induced? What about after the due date? When the baby is thought to be bigger than average? When the woman is older? If she had IVF? Or when her waters have broken earlier than usual? Induction of labour is an increasingly common recommendation and more and more women find themselves having to decide whether to let their body and baby go into labour spontaneously or agree to medical intervention. This book explains the process of induction of labour and shares information from research studies, debates and women's, midwives' and doctors' experiences to help women and families become more informed and make the decision that is right for them.

Arguments, Cognition, and Science

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Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1786615088
Total Pages : 221 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (866 download)

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Book Synopsis Arguments, Cognition, and Science by : André C. R. Martins

Download or read book Arguments, Cognition, and Science written by André C. R. Martins and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2020-05-26 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our reasoning evolved not for finding the truth, but for social bonding and convincing. The best logical methods humans have created provide no path to truth, unless something is assumed as true from the start. Other than that, we only have methods for attempting to measure uncertainty. This book highlights the consequences of these facts for scientific practice, and suggests how to correct the mistakes we still make. But even our best methods to measure uncertainty might require infinite resources to provide solid answers. This conclusion has important consequences for when and how much we can trust arguments and scientific results. The author suggests ways we can improve our current practices, and argues that theoretical work is a fundamental part of the most effective way to do science.

Hume's Problem

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198250371
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (982 download)

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Book Synopsis Hume's Problem by : Colin Howson

Download or read book Hume's Problem written by Colin Howson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume offers a solution to one of the central, unsolved problems of Western philosophy, that of induction. It explores the implications of Hume's argument that successful prediction tells us nothing about the truth of the predicting theory.

Past, Present, and Future Research on Teacher Induction

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Publisher : R&L Education
ISBN 13 : 1607097648
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Past, Present, and Future Research on Teacher Induction by : Jian Wang

Download or read book Past, Present, and Future Research on Teacher Induction written by Jian Wang and published by R&L Education. This book was released on 2010-07-16 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This anthology on teacher induction research is intended for researchers, policy makers, and practitioners in the field of teacher induction both nationally and internationally. This book is the final and major project of the Association of Teacher Educators' (ATE) Commission on Teacher Induction and Mentoring. Its importance is derived from three sources: (1) careful conceptualization of teacher induction from historical, methodological, and international perspectives; (2) systematic reviews of research literature relevant to various aspects of teacher induction including its social, cultural, and political contexts, program components and forms, and the range of its effects; (3) substantial empirical studies on the important issues of teacher induction with different kinds of methodologies that exemplify future directions and approaches to the research in teacher induction. The content of the book has direct implications for ATE's membership since part of the ATE mission is to provide opportunities for personal and professional growth of the Association membership whether members are researchers, policy makers, or practitioners in teacher learning and/or teacher induction.

An Introduction to the Philosophy of Induction and Probability

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Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis An Introduction to the Philosophy of Induction and Probability by : Laurence Jonathan Cohen

Download or read book An Introduction to the Philosophy of Induction and Probability written by Laurence Jonathan Cohen and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1989 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two new philosophical problems surrounding the gradation of certainty began to emerge in the 17th century and are still very much alive today. One is concerned with the evaluation of inductive reasoning, whether in science, jurisprudence, or elsewhere; the other with the interpretation of the mathematical calculus of change. This book, aimed at non-specialists, investigates both problems and the extent to which they are connected. Cohen demonstrates the diversity of logical structures that are available for judgements of probability, and explores the rationale for their appropriateness in different contexts of application. Thus his study deals with the complexity of the underlying philosophical issues without simply cataloging alternative conceptions or espousing a particular "favorite" theory.

WHO recommendations on induction of labour, at or beyond term

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Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9240052798
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis WHO recommendations on induction of labour, at or beyond term by : World Health Organization

Download or read book WHO recommendations on induction of labour, at or beyond term written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2022-10-06 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The updated recommendations in this document on the timing of induction of labour supersede the previous WHO recommendations on this topic, in the 2018 publication WHO recommendations: induction of labour at or beyond term.

Induction and Deduction in the Sciences

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402021968
Total Pages : 355 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Induction and Deduction in the Sciences by : F. Stadler

Download or read book Induction and Deduction in the Sciences written by F. Stadler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-04-30 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The articles in this volume deal with the main inferential methods that can be applied to different kinds of experimental evidence. These contributions - accompanied with critical comments - by renowned scholars in the field of philosophy of science aim at removing the traditional opposition between inductivists and deductivists. They explore the different methods of explanation and justification in the sciences in different contexts and with different objectives. The volume contains contributions on methods of the sciences, especially on induction, deduction, abduction, laws, probability and explanation, ranging from logic, mathematics, natural to the social sciences. They present a highly topical pluralist re-evaluation of methodological and foundational procedures and reasoning, e.g. focusing in Bayesianism and Artificial Intelligence. They document the second international conference in Vienna on "Induction and Deduction in the Sciences" as part of the Scientific Network on "Historical and Contemporary Perspectives of Philosophy of Science in Europe", funded by the European Science Foundation (ESF).

An Aristotelian Account of Induction

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Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
ISBN 13 : 0773535950
Total Pages : 481 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (735 download)

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Book Synopsis An Aristotelian Account of Induction by : Louis Groarke

Download or read book An Aristotelian Account of Induction written by Louis Groarke and published by McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. This book was released on 2009 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through a study of argument, science, art, and human intelligence, Louis Groarke explores and builds on a line of Aristotelian thought that traces the origins of logic and knowledge to a mental creativity that is able to leap to insightful and truthful conclusions on the basis of restricted evidence. In an Aristotelian Account of Induction Groarke discusses the intellectual process through which we access the "first principles" of human thought - the most basic concepts, The laws of logic, The universal claims of science and metaphysics, And The deepest moral truths. Following Aristotle and others, Groarke situates the first stirrings of human understanding in a creative capacity for discernment that precedes knowledge, even logic. Relying on a new historical study of philosophical theories of inductive reasoning from Aristotle To The twenty-first century, Groarke explains how Aristotle offers a viable solution To The so-called problem of induction, while offering new contributions to contemporary accounts of reasoning and argument and challenging the conventional wisdom about induction. In recovering and developing philosophical ideas that have been largely overlooked or misrepresented by more recent sources, An Aristotelian Account of Induction makes a major contribution To The historical study of philosophy and to critical debate.

Chemical Induction of Cancer

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780817637668
Total Pages : 748 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (376 download)

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Book Synopsis Chemical Induction of Cancer by : Joseph C. Arcos

Download or read book Chemical Induction of Cancer written by Joseph C. Arcos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1996-02-29 with total page 748 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the approach to the analysis of disease, including, of course, cancer, two major thrusts may be distinguished. These may be referred to, in shorthand, as agents and processes: the causative agents (chemical, microbial, physical, environmental, and psychosocial) and the organismic processes, initiated and furthered by the agents, culminating in observable pathology (at the macromolecular, cytological, histological, organ function, locomotor, and behavioral levels). The past 25 years, since the appearance of the first volume of the predecessor series (1) authored by the Editors of this present volume, have seen an impressive number of studies on chemicals (and other agents) as etiologic factors in the induction of cancer. The major emphasis has been on the discovery of many chemical carcinogens of widely different structures, their metabolism by various tissues and cells, and, in turn, their molecular-biochemical effects on the cells. This rapidly expanded body of information, as effectively covered in the predecessor volumes, is an excellent entree to the second half of the overall problem of chemical carcinogenesis, the processes. The active agents trigger a large array of molecular-biochemical alterations to which the target cells, target tissues, and target organisms respond in many select and common ways. This second major aspect of the induction of cancer by chemicals (and by other agents)- the sequence of cellular and tissue changes clearly relevant to cancer-remains the challenge for the future.

Material Theory of Induction

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Publisher : Bsps Open
ISBN 13 : 9781773852751
Total Pages : 544 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (527 download)

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Book Synopsis Material Theory of Induction by : John D. Norton

Download or read book Material Theory of Induction written by John D. Norton and published by Bsps Open. This book was released on 2021-12-15 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fundamental burden of a theory of inductive inference is to determine which are the good inductive inferences or relations of inductive support and why it is that they are so. The traditional approach is modeled on that taken in accounts of deductive inference. It seeks universally applicable schemas or rules or a single formal device, such as the probability calculus. After millennia of halting efforts, none of these approaches has been unequivocally successful and debates between approaches persist. The Material Theory of Induction identifies the source of these enduring problems in the assumption taken at the outset: that inductive inference can be accommodated by a single formal account with universal applicability. Instead, it argues that that there is no single, universally applicable formal account. Rather, each domain has an inductive logic native to it.The content of that logic and where it can be applied are determined by the facts prevailing in that domain. Paying close attention to how inductive inference is conducted in science and copiously illustrated with real-world examples, The Material Theory of Induction will initiate a new tradition in the analysis of inductive inference.

The Divine Lawmaker

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199250596
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (992 download)

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Book Synopsis The Divine Lawmaker by : John Foster

Download or read book The Divine Lawmaker written by John Foster and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2004-01-15 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John Foster presents a clear and powerful discussion of a range of topics relating to our understanding of the universe: induction, laws of nature, and the existence of God. He begins by developing a solution to the problem of induction - a solution whose key idea is that the regularities in the workings of nature that have held in our experience hitherto are to be explained by appeal to the controlling influence of laws, as forms of natural necessity. His second line of argumentfocuses on the issue of what we should take such necessitational laws to be, and whether we can even make sense of them at all. Having considered and rejected various alternatives, Foster puts forward his own proposal: the obtaining of a law consists in the causal imposing of a regularity on theuniverse as a regularity. With this causal account of laws in place, he is now equipped to offer an argument for theism. His claim is that natural regularities call for explanation, and that, whatever explanatory role we may initially assign to laws, the only plausible ultimate explanation is in terms of the agency of God. Finally, he argues that, once we accept the existence of God, we need to think of him as creating the universe by a method which imposes regularities on it in the relevantlaw-yielding way. In this new perspective, the original nomological-explanatory solution to the problem of induction becomes a theological-explanatory solution.The Divine Lawmaker is bold and original in its approach, and rich in argument. The issues on which it focuses are among the most important in the whole epistemological and metaphysical spectrum.

Anesthetic Pharmacology

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139497022
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Anesthetic Pharmacology by : Alex S. Evers

Download or read book Anesthetic Pharmacology written by Alex S. Evers and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-03-10 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years our understanding of molecular mechanisms of drug action and interindividual variability in drug response has grown enormously. Meanwhile, the practice of anesthesiology has expanded to the preoperative environment and numerous locations outside the OR. Anesthetic Pharmacology: Basic Principles and Clinical Practice, 2nd edition, is an outstanding therapeutic resource in anesthesia and critical care: Section 1 introduces the principles of drug action, Section 2 presents the molecular, cellular and integrated physiology of the target organ/functional system and Section 3 reviews the pharmacology and toxicology of anesthetic drugs. The new Section 4, Therapeutics of Clinical Practice, provides integrated and comparative pharmacology and the practical application of drugs in daily clinical practice. Edited by three highly acclaimed academic anesthetic pharmacologists, with contributions from an international team of experts, and illustrated in full colour, this is a sophisticated, user-friendly resource for all practitioners providing care in the perioperative period.

Recruiting, Preparing, and Retaining STEM Teachers for a Global Generation

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Author :
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004399992
Total Pages : 410 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Recruiting, Preparing, and Retaining STEM Teachers for a Global Generation by :

Download or read book Recruiting, Preparing, and Retaining STEM Teachers for a Global Generation written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2019-05-27 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recruiting, Preparing, and Retaining STEM Teachers for a Global Generation, showcases 15 chapters highlighting both the challenges and successes of recruiting, preparing, and sustaining novice teachers in the STEM content areas in high-need schools.

Implications of Personal Probability for Induction

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Author :
Publisher : Ardent Media
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Implications of Personal Probability for Induction by :

Download or read book Implications of Personal Probability for Induction written by and published by Ardent Media. This book was released on with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: