The Global Health Cost Of Pm25 Air Pollution

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The Global Health Cost of PM2.5 Air Pollution

Author : World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464818169
Total Pages : 89 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis The Global Health Cost of PM2.5 Air Pollution by : World Bank

Download or read book The Global Health Cost of PM2.5 Air Pollution written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2022-01-20 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study, air pollution from fine particulate matter caused 6.4 million premature deaths and 93 billion days lived with illness in 2019. Over the past decade, the toll of ambient air pollution has continued to rise. Air pollution’s significant health, social, and economic effects compel the World Bank to support client countries in addressing air pollution as a core development challenge. This publication estimates that the global cost of health damages associated with exposure to air pollution is $8.1 trillion, equivalent to 6.1 percent of global GDP. People in low- and middle-income countries are most affected by mortality and morbidity from air pollution. The death rate associated with air pollution is significantly higher in low-and lower-middle income countries than in high-income countries. This publication further develops the evidence base for air-quality management through up-to-date estimates of air pollution’s global economic costs. The analyses presented here build on previous cost estimates by the Bank and its partners, as well as on more comprehensive air-quality data from monitoring stations in many cities across the world. By providing monetary estimates of air pollution’s health damages, this publication aims to support policy makers and decision-makers in client countries in prioritizing air pollution amid competing development challenges. Its findings build a robust economic case to invest scarce budgetary resources in the design and implementation of policies and interventions for improving air quality. Such investments will deliver benefits for societies at large, and particularly for vulnerable groups. This publication builds a strong case for scaling up investments for air pollution control in low-and middle-income countries.

WHO global air quality guidelines

Author : Weltgesundheitsorganisation
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9240034226
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis WHO global air quality guidelines by : Weltgesundheitsorganisation

Download or read book WHO global air quality guidelines written by Weltgesundheitsorganisation and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2021-09-07 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objective of these updated global guidelines is to offer health-based air quality guideline levels, expressed as long-term or short-term concentrations for six key air pollutants: PM2.5, PM10, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide. In addition, the guidelines provide interim targets to guide reduction efforts of these pollutants, as well as good practice statements for the management of certain types of PM (i.e., black carbon/elemental carbon, ultrafine particles, particles originating from sand and duststorms). These guidelines are not legally binding standards; however, they provide WHO Member States with an evidence-informed tool, which they can use to inform legislation and policy. Ultimately, the goal of these guidelines is to help reduce levels of air pollutants in order to decrease the enormous health burden resulting from the exposure to air pollution worldwide.

Striving for Clean Air

Author : The World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 146481838X
Total Pages : 191 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Striving for Clean Air by : The World Bank

Download or read book Striving for Clean Air written by The World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2023-06-30 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: South Asia is home to 9 of the world's 10 cities with the worst air pollution. Concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in some of the region's most densely populated and poor areas are up to 20 times higher than what the World Health Organization considers healthy (5 micrograms per cubic meter). This pollution causes an estimated 2 million premature deaths in the region each year and results in significant economic costs. Controlling air pollution is difficult without a better understanding of the activities that cause emissions of particulate matter. Air pollution travels long distances in South Asia and gets trapped in large 'airsheds' that are shaped by climatology and geography. 'Striving for Clean Air' identifies six major airsheds in the region and analyzes four scenarios for reducing air pollution with varying degrees of policy implementation and cooperation among countries. The analysis shows that cooperation between different jurisdictions within an airshed is crucial, and a schematic road map with three phases is proposed. The phases in the road map may overlap when the rate of progress differs, depending on local circumstances. Phase 1 would improve monitoring and institutions; Phase 2 would introduce additional and joint targets for cost-effective abatement; and Phase 3 would mainstream air quality in the economy.

Air Pollution as a Risk Factor Affecting Human Health and Economic Costs

Author : Chris G. Tzanis
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832549144
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Air Pollution as a Risk Factor Affecting Human Health and Economic Costs by : Chris G. Tzanis

Download or read book Air Pollution as a Risk Factor Affecting Human Health and Economic Costs written by Chris G. Tzanis and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-05-16 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to the World Health Organization air pollution is one of the most important environmental risk to health, influencing the burden of disease such as stroke, heart disease, lung cancer but also chronic and acute respiratory diseases, including bronchial asthma. For years, WHO has also been alarming about the enormous number of premature deaths that are attributed each year to exposure to air pollution. It is estimated that air pollution is responsible for over 7 million human lives, of which over 4 million are attributed to the exposure to ambient (outdoor) air pollutants. Therefore, it is a leading factor determining the global scale of morbidity and mortality not only due to serious diseases of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems or neoplastic diseases, but also significantly affects the reduced quality of life, usually associated with disability caused by chronic disease.

Improving the capacity of countries to report on air quality in cities

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9240074449
Total Pages : 46 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Improving the capacity of countries to report on air quality in cities by : World Health Organization

Download or read book Improving the capacity of countries to report on air quality in cities written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2023-10-03 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The SDG 11.6.2 Working Group : Summary report describes the dialogue of a working group convened by WHO of sister UN agencies and international institutions involved in air quality activities to discuss the reporting criteria for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) indicator 11.6.2 - air quality in cities - and leverage action.

The Economic Consequences of Outdoor Air Pollution

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264257470
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (642 download)

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Book Synopsis The Economic Consequences of Outdoor Air Pollution by : OECD

Download or read book The Economic Consequences of Outdoor Air Pollution written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2016-06-09 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides a comprehensive assessment of the economic consequences of outdoor air pollution in the coming decades, focusing on the impacts on mortality, morbidity, and changes in crop yields as caused by high concentrations of pollutants.

Air Pollution and Health in Rapidly Developing Countries

Author : Gordon McGranahan
Publisher : Earthscan
ISBN 13 : 1849770468
Total Pages : 227 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (497 download)

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Book Synopsis Air Pollution and Health in Rapidly Developing Countries by : Gordon McGranahan

Download or read book Air Pollution and Health in Rapidly Developing Countries written by Gordon McGranahan and published by Earthscan. This book was released on 2012 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In developing countries the price of rapid growth is all too often noxious airborne pollution, which annually contributes to a disturbing number of avoidable deaths. In recent decades, however, there has been considerable progress in the epidemiology of air pollution, significant changes in international air pollution guidelines, and the emergence of more systematic approaches to air pollution control. While many of these advances have originated in affluent countries, there have been major developments in other parts of the world. In this book, a distinguished cast of leading researchers in both the scientific and policy dimensions of air pollution and health have synthesized the recent developments in the field and their relevance for public health in developing countries. The authors review studies from a wide range of Asian, African and Latin American countries and contrast the findings with those from Europe and North America. They also describe various tools and systems for air pollution management and emphasize approaches that can be used when data is scarce. With a clear focus on the scientific and technical aspects of air pollution and health, this book is essential reading for pollution and health policy-makers, researchers and others concerned with air pollution and health in developing countries.

Outdoor Air Pollution

Author : IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans
Publisher : IARC Monographs on the Evaluat
ISBN 13 : 9789283201472
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Outdoor Air Pollution by : IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans

Download or read book Outdoor Air Pollution written by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans and published by IARC Monographs on the Evaluat. This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This publication represents the views and expert opinions of an IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk to Humans, which met in Lyon, 8-15 October 2013."

WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9241548878
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (415 download)

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Book Synopsis WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality by : World Health Organization

Download or read book WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2014 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Built on existing WHO indoor air quality guidelines for specific pollutants, these guidelines bring together the most recent evidence on fuel use, emission and exposure levels, health risks, intervention impacts and policy considerations, to provide practical recommendations to reduce this health burden.

Better Air

Author : Jessica Lincoln-Oswalt
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781614707240
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (72 download)

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Book Synopsis Better Air by : Jessica Lincoln-Oswalt

Download or read book Better Air written by Jessica Lincoln-Oswalt and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authorities and responsibilities of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) derive primarily from a dozen major environmental statutes. This book provides a concise summary of one of those statutes, the Clean Air Act. It provides a brief history of federal involvement in air quality regulation and of the provisions added by legislation in 1970, 1977 and 1990. It also explains major authorities contained in the Act as well as key terms and references for more detailed information on the Act and its implementation.

Air Pollution and Health Effects

Author : Srikanth S. Nadadur
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1447166698
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (471 download)

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Book Synopsis Air Pollution and Health Effects by : Srikanth S. Nadadur

Download or read book Air Pollution and Health Effects written by Srikanth S. Nadadur and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-06 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exposure to ambient air pollutants, both indoors and outdoors has been associated with the exacerbation and also in the etiology of diverse human diseases. This book offers an overview of our current understanding of air pollution health risks and how this knowledge is being used in the regulatory, therapeutic intervention measures to protect the public health and reduce the disease burden caused by acute and long-term exposure to air pollutants. Air Pollution and Health Effects provides readers with a comprehensive understanding of air pollution health risks, morbidity and the global disease burden, whilst also delivering critical review on state of the art research so as to gain a fundamental understanding of the biological mechanisms involved in the etiology of air pollution-induced diseases. Chapters range from pregnancy outcomes and pre-term birth, carcinogens in the ambient aerosol and the health consequences of indoor biomass burning. Special emphasis is placed on regional and local air pollution and its impact on global health along with suitable preventive and interventional measures. With contributions from international experts in the field this volume is a valuable guide for researchers and clinicians in toxicology, medicine and public health as well as industry and government regulatory scientists involved in health protection.

Links Between Air Quality and Economic Growth

Author : Shanthi Nataraj
Publisher : Rand Corporation
ISBN 13 : 0833083996
Total Pages : 119 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Links Between Air Quality and Economic Growth by : Shanthi Nataraj

Download or read book Links Between Air Quality and Economic Growth written by Shanthi Nataraj and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2013-12-20 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report assesses what evidence exists for the ways in which local air quality could influence local economic growth and how those effects might be relevant to the Pittsburgh region.

Air Pollution and Health

Author : Robert L. Maynard
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080526926
Total Pages : 1083 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Air Pollution and Health by : Robert L. Maynard

Download or read book Air Pollution and Health written by Robert L. Maynard and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1999-04-21 with total page 1083 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concern about the impact of air pollution has led governments and local authorities across the world to regulate, among other things, the burning of fossil fuels, industrial effluence, cigarette smoke, and aerosols. This legislation has often followed dramatic findings about the impact of pollution on human health. At the same time there have been significant developments in our ability to detect and quantify pollutants and a proliferation of urban and rural air pollution networks to monitor levels of atmospheric contamination. Air Pollution and Health is the first fully comprehensive and current account of air pollution science and it impact on human health. It ranges in scope from meteorology, atmospheric chemistry, and particle physics to the causes and scope of allergic reactions and respiratory, cardiovascular, and related disorders. The book has substantial international coverage and includes sections on cost implications, risk assessment, regulation, standards, and information networks. The multidisciplinary approach and the wide range of issues covered makes this an essential book for all concerned with monitoring and regulating air pollution as well as those concerned with its impact on human health. Only comprehensive text covering all the important air pollutants and relating these to human health and regulatory bodies Brings together a wide range of issues concerning air pollution in an easily accessible format Contributions from government agencies in the US and UK provide information on public policy and resource networks in the areas of health promotion and environmental protection

Health of People, Health of Planet and Our Responsibility

Author : Wael Al-Delaimy
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030311252
Total Pages : 417 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Health of People, Health of Planet and Our Responsibility by : Wael Al-Delaimy

Download or read book Health of People, Health of Planet and Our Responsibility written by Wael Al-Delaimy and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-13 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book not only describes the challenges of climate disruption, but also presents solutions. The challenges described include air pollution, climate change, extreme weather, and related health impacts that range from heat stress, vector-borne diseases, food and water insecurity and chronic diseases to malnutrition and mental well-being. The influence of humans on climate change has been established through extensive published evidence and reports. However, the connections between climate change, the health of the planet and the impact on human health have not received the same level of attention. Therefore, the global focus on the public health impacts of climate change is a relatively recent area of interest. This focus is timely since scientists have concluded that changes in climate have led to new weather extremes such as floods, storms, heat waves, droughts and fires, in turn leading to more than 600,000 deaths and the displacement of nearly 4 billion people in the last 20 years. Previous work on the health impacts of climate change was limited mostly to epidemiologic approaches and outcomes and focused less on multidisciplinary, multi-faceted collaborations between physical scientists, public health researchers and policy makers. Further, there was little attention paid to faith-based and ethical approaches to the problem. The solutions and actions we explore in this book engage diverse sectors of civil society, faith leadership, and political leadership, all oriented by ethics, advocacy, and policy with a special focus on poor and vulnerable populations. The book highlights areas we think will resonate broadly with the public, faith leaders, researchers and students across disciplines including the humanities, and policy makers.

Air Quality Management in the United States

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309089328
Total Pages : 427 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Air Quality Management in the United States by : National Research Council

Download or read book Air Quality Management in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-09-30 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Managing the nation's air quality is a complex undertaking, involving tens of thousands of people in regulating thousands of pollution sources. The authors identify what has worked and what has not, and they offer wide-ranging recommendations for setting future priorities, making difficult choices, and increasing innovation. This new book explores how to better integrate scientific advances and new technologies into the air quality management system. The volume reviews the three-decade history of governmental efforts toward cleaner air, discussing how air quality standards are set and results measured, the design and implementation of control strategies, regulatory processes and procedures, special issues with mobile pollution sources, and more. The book looks at efforts to spur social and behavioral changes that affect air quality, the effectiveness of market-based instruments for air quality regulation, and many other aspects of the issue. Rich in technical detail, this book will be of interest to all those engaged in air quality management: scientists, engineers, industrial managers, law makers, regulators, health officials, clean-air advocates, and concerned citizens.

Atmospheric Ammonia

Author : Mark Sutton
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402091214
Total Pages : 468 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Atmospheric Ammonia by : Mark Sutton

Download or read book Atmospheric Ammonia written by Mark Sutton and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-30 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anthropogenic emissions of ammonia cause a host of environmental impacts, including loss of biodiversity, soil acidification and formation of particulate matter in the atmosphere. Under the auspices of the UNECE Convention on Long Range Transboundary Air Pollution, around 80 international experts met to review the state of scientific knowledge. This book reports their analysis. It concludes that threshold levels for ammonia effects have been underestimated and sets new values, it assesses the independent evidence to verify reported reductions in regional ammonia emissions, and it reviews the uncertainties in modelling ammonia, both in "hot spots" and at the regional scale.

Cleaning Pakistan’s Air

Author : Ernesto Sánchez-Triana
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464802351
Total Pages : 207 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Cleaning Pakistan’s Air by : Ernesto Sánchez-Triana

Download or read book Cleaning Pakistan’s Air written by Ernesto Sánchez-Triana and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2014-07-03 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The harm to Pakistanis’ health, economy, and environment from urban air pollution is among the highest in South Asia, exceeding several high-profile causes of mortality and morbidity in Pakistan. This report details a broad spectrum of research on Pakistan’s air quality management challenges and presents concrete steps to achieve improvements.