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The Fuzziness In Molecular Supramolecular And Systems Chemistry
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Book Synopsis The Fuzziness in Molecular, Supramolecular, and Systems Chemistry by : Pier Luigi Gentili
Download or read book The Fuzziness in Molecular, Supramolecular, and Systems Chemistry written by Pier Luigi Gentili and published by . This book was released on 2020-10 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fuzzy Logic is a good model for the human ability to compute words. It is based on the theory of fuzzy set. A fuzzy set is different from a classical set because it breaks the Law of the Excluded Middle. In fact, an item may belong to a fuzzy set and its complement at the same time and with the same or different degree of membership. The degree of membership of an item in a fuzzy set can be any real number included between 0 and 1. This property enables us to deal with all those statements of which truths are a matter of degree. Fuzzy logic plays a relevant role in the field of Artificial Intelligence because it enables decision-making in complex situations, where there are many intertwined variables involved. Traditionally, fuzzy logic is implemented through software on a computer or, even better, through analog electronic circuits. Recently, the idea of using molecules and chemical reactions to process fuzzy logic has been promoted. In fact, the molecular word is fuzzy in its essence. The overlapping of quantum states, on the one hand, and the conformational heterogeneity of large molecules, on the other, enable context-specific functions to emerge in response to changing environmental conditions. Moreover, analog input-output relationships, involving not only electrical but also other physical and chemical variables can be exploited to build fuzzy logic systems. The development of "fuzzy chemical systems" is tracing a new path in the field of artificial intelligence. This new path shows that artificially intelligent systems can be implemented not only through software and electronic circuits but also through solutions of properly chosen chemical compounds. The design of chemical artificial intelligent systems and chemical robots promises to have a significant impact on science, medicine, economy, security, and wellbeing. Therefore, it is my great pleasure to announce a Special Issue of Molecules entitled "The Fuzziness in Molecular, Supramolecular, and Systems Chemistry." All researchers who experience the Fuzziness of the molecular world or use Fuzzy logic to understand Chemical Complex Systems will be interested in this book.
Book Synopsis Vagueness in the Exact Sciences by : Apostolos Syropoulos
Download or read book Vagueness in the Exact Sciences written by Apostolos Syropoulos and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2021-09-07 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book starts with the assumption that vagueness is a fundamental property of this world. From a philosophical account of vagueness via the presentation of alternative mathematics of vagueness, the subsequent chapters explore how vagueness manifests itself in the various exact sciences: physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, computer science, and engineering.
Book Synopsis Approaching human intelligence through chemical systems: Development of unconventional chemical artificial intelligence by : Pier Luigi Gentili
Download or read book Approaching human intelligence through chemical systems: Development of unconventional chemical artificial intelligence written by Pier Luigi Gentili and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-11-27 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although human intelligence is deeply investigated by neuroscientists, psychologists, philosophers, and AI researchers, we still lack of a widely accepted definition of what it is. If we exploit the emergence theory from Complexity Science to give a definition, we might state that human intelligence is the emergent property of the human nervous system. Such fascinating emergent property allows us to handle both accurate and vague information by computing with numbers and words. Moreover, it allows us to reason, speak and take rational decisions in an environment of uncertainty, partiality and relativity of truth, when the “Incompatibility Principle” holds: “As the complexity of a system increases, accuracy and significance become almost mutually exclusive characteristics of our statements”. Finally, our intelligence allows us recognizing quite easily variable patterns. Therefore, it is worthwhile investigating human intelligence and trying to mimic it by developing Artificial Intelligence. Nowadays, Artificial Intelligence is in vogue: it is applied in both basic and applied science. Traditionally, there are two strategies to develop Artificial Intelligence. A strategy consists in writing human-like intelligent software running in von Neumann computers or special-purpose hardware. The other strategy consists in neuromorphic engineering. Neuromorphic engineering implements surrogates of neurons through non-biological systems, either for neuro-prosthesis or to design brain-like computing machines. A third strategy is now blooming and it consists in using molecular, supramolecular, materials, and systems chemistry to mimic some basic functions of human intelligence such as Boolean, multi-valued logic gates, and Fuzzy logic. This third strategy is originating Chemical Artificial Intelligence (CAI). A relevant purpose of CAI is to design modules for Chemical Robots. A Chemical Robot is thought of as a molecular assembly that reacts autonomously to its environment by probing it with molecular sensors, making decisions by its intrinsic Artificial Neural Networks or logic gates, and performing actions upon its environment through molecular effectors. The intelligent activities of any Chemical Robot should be sustained energetically by a metabolic unit. Chemical Robots should be easily miniaturized and implanted in living beings to interplay with cells or organelles for biomedical applications. They should become auxiliary elements of the natural immune system.
Book Synopsis Supramolecular Chemistry - Fundamentals and Applications by : Katsuhiko Ariga
Download or read book Supramolecular Chemistry - Fundamentals and Applications written by Katsuhiko Ariga and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-08-02 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fundamentals of "supramolecular chemistry" to the latest developments on the subject are covered by this book. It sets out to explain the topic in a relatively easy way. The basic concepts of molecular recognition chemistry are included. Molecules with fascinating shapes and functions such as fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, dendrimers, rotaxane, and catenane, and molecular assemblies are also explained. Thereafter applications of supermolecules to nanotechnology are introduced with many examples of molecular devices. The last part of the book describes biological supermolecules and their mimics. Though simply explained undergraduate and graduate students in Chemistry will be able to use aspects of this work as an advanced textbook.
Book Synopsis Supramolecular Systems by : Charlotte Pena
Download or read book Supramolecular Systems written by Charlotte Pena and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2016 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supramolecular chemistry provides ingenious strategies for the elaboration of functional systems from readily available molecular components. These methodologies have been used for the development of sensors, catalysts, energy or electron transfer systems, agents for photodynamic therapy and so forth. This book reviews the chemistry, types and applications of supramolecular systems. Chapter One discusses the design and applications of supramolecular systems based on (thia)calixarene ammonium derivatives. Chapter Two gives an overview of the methods of stabilization of the elusive bare {V6O19} structure by different capping moieties and substituents, illustrates the main synthetic strategies toward the formation of fully-oxidized {VV6}, mixed-valence {VV/VI6}, and "fully reduced" {VIV6} trisalkoxohexavanadates, describes bis-(trisalkoxo)hexavanadates obtained by post-functionalization reactions, and details their reactivity towards transition metals and lanthanoid complexes. Chapter Three emphasizes the suitability of supramolecular interactions to provide porous materials which have been called Supramolecular Metal-Organic Frameworks (SMOFs). Chapter Four discusses self-assembly of porphyrins in the context of its relevance to photosynthesis.
Book Synopsis Fuzzy Logic in Chemistry by : Dennis H. Rouvray
Download or read book Fuzzy Logic in Chemistry written by Dennis H. Rouvray and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1997-04-18 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fuzzy Logic has gained increasing acceptance as a way to deal with complexity and uncertainty in many areas of science and engineering. This book is the first to address its practical applications to chemical systems. Ten distinguished authors discuss the role of fuzzy logic in the characterization of a variety of chemical concepts, including chirality, quantum systems, molecular engineering and design, and hierarchical classification methods. Fuzzy Logic in Chemistry will appeal to both students and professionals who are seeking to learn more about theory and applications in an area of growing importance to the physical sciences. The first book on the applications of fuzzy logic in chemistry Covers a topic relevant to many disciplines, including molecular design Discusses applications of fuzzy logic to the physical sciences, a rapidly growing area Features chapters from highly distinguished authors in the physical sciences
Book Synopsis Supramolecular Chemistry of Biomimetic Systems by : Junbai Li
Download or read book Supramolecular Chemistry of Biomimetic Systems written by Junbai Li and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-10 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates the latest developments in supramolecular assembly systems for mimicking biological structures and functions. Consisting of 14 chapters, it covers various assembly systems, such as polysaccharides, peptides, proteins, biopolymers, natural materials and various hybrid systems. Further, it focuses on different types of supramolecular systems with particular functions or structures that are relevant to living systems. A number of modern techniques used to study the supramolecular systems, such as total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM) and two-photon confocal microscopy, are also introduced in detail. Unlike conventional books on supramolecular assemblies, this book highlights the functions of the assembly systems, particularly their biological applications. As such, it offers a valuable resource for experienced researchers, as well as graduate students working in the field of supramolecular chemistry and biomimetic systems.
Book Synopsis Modern Supramolecular Gold Chemistry by : Antonio Laguna
Download or read book Modern Supramolecular Gold Chemistry written by Antonio Laguna and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-09-26 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Filling a gap in our systematic knowledge of gold, this monograph covers the fundamental aspects, while also considering new applications of gold compounds in catalysis, as nanoparticles, and their potential application as luminescent compounds. Written by an eminent team of authors from academia, the book analyzes the current status of gold chemistry, its special characteristics, oxidation states and main type of complexes, before going on to look at the synthesis of supramolecular aggregates due to the formation of gold-gold, gold-metal interactions or other secondary bonds. Final sections deal with LEDs, solvoluminescent and electroluminescent materials, liquid crystals and catalysis. While of interest to advanced chemistry students, this book is also useful for researchers interested in the chemistry of gold and its applications, as well as those involved in metal-metal interactions, heteronuclear chemistry or in the optical properties of coordination compounds.
Book Synopsis Supramolecular Chemistry on Surfaces by : Neil R. Champness
Download or read book Supramolecular Chemistry on Surfaces written by Neil R. Champness and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supramolecular Chemistry on Surfaces 2D Networks and 2D Structures Explore the cutting-edge in 2D chemistry on surfaces and its applications In Supramolecular Chemistry on Surfaces: 2D Networks and 2D Structures, expert chemist Neil R. Champness delivers a comprehensive overview of the rapidly developing field of two-dimensional supramolecular chemistry on surfaces. The book offers explorations of the state-of-the-art in the discipline and demonstrates the potential of the latest advances and the challenges faced by researchers in different areas. The editor includes contributions from leading researchers that address new spectroscopic methods which allow for investigations at a sub-molecular level, opening up new areas of understanding in the field. Included resources also discuss important supramolecular strategies, like hydrogen-bonding, van der Waals interactions, metal-ligand coordination, multicomponent assembly, and more. The book also provides: A thorough introduction to two-dimensional supramolecular chemistry on surfaces Comprehensive explorations of the characterization and interpretation of on-surface chemical reactions studied by ultra-high resolution scanning probe microscopy Practical discussions of complexity in two-dimensional multicomponent assembly, including explorations of coordination bonds and quasicrystalline structures In-depth examinations of covalently bonded organic structures via on-surface synthesis Perfect for polymer chemists, spectroscopists, and materials scientists, Supramolecular Chemistry on Surfaces: 2D Networks and 2D Structures will also earn a place in the libraries of physical and surface chemists, as well as surface physicists.
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Supramolecular Chemistry by : J. L. Atwood
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Supramolecular Chemistry written by J. L. Atwood and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 1002 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covers the fundamentals of supramolecular chemistry; supramolecular advancements and methods in the areas of chemistry, biochemistry, biology, environmental and materials science and engineering, physics, computer science, and applied mathematics.
Book Synopsis ISCS 2014: Interdisciplinary Symposium on Complex Systems by : Ali Sanayei
Download or read book ISCS 2014: Interdisciplinary Symposium on Complex Systems written by Ali Sanayei and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-28 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book you hold in your hands is the outcome of the “2014 Interdisciplinary Symposium on Complex Systems” held in the historical city of Florence. The book consists of 37 chapters from 4 areas of Physical Modeling of Complex Systems, Evolutionary Computations, Complex Biological Systems and Complex Networks. All 4 parts contain contributions that give interesting point of view on complexity in different areas in science and technology. The book starts with a comprehensive overview and classification of complexity problems entitled Physics in the world of ideas: Complexity as Energy” , followed by chapters about complexity measures and physical principles, its observation, modeling and its applications, to solving various problems including real-life applications. Further chapters contain recent research about evolution, randomness and complexity, as well as complexity in biological systems and complex networks. All selected papers represent innovative ideas, philosophical overviews and state-of-the-art discussions on aspects of complexity. The book will be useful as an instructional material for senior undergraduate and entry-level graduate students in computer science, physics, applied mathematics and engineering-type work in the area of complexity. The book will also be valuable as a resource of knowledge for practitioners who want to apply complexity to solve real-life problems in their own challenging applications.
Book Synopsis Supramolecular Organometallic Chemistry by : Ionel Haiduc
Download or read book Supramolecular Organometallic Chemistry written by Ionel Haiduc and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-11-21 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supramolecular chemistry has become not only a major field of chemistry, but is also a vivid interface between chemistry, biology, physics, and materials science. Although still a relatively young field, termini such as molecular recognition, host-guest chemistry, or self-assembly are now common knowledge even for chemistry students, and research has already been honored with a Nobel Prize. This first book on supramolecular organometallic chemistry combines two areas in chemistry that are experiencing the fastest developments. It provides a comprehensive review of various organometallic assemblies, arranged according to the types of intermolecular bonding. Details on the synthesis, structures, and properties of these compounds will be a valuable asset to the scientific community. The broad spectrum of assemblies containing main group element, transition metal, or f-element metal and a diverse range of ligands, held together by different bonding interactions make this a fascinating compilation. Illustrated extensively, this book is a very easily accessible, yet wide-ranging source of information.
Book Synopsis Stimulating Concepts in Chemistry by : Fritz Vögtle
Download or read book Stimulating Concepts in Chemistry written by Fritz Vögtle and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2000 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fresh ideas have always been a necessary ingredient for progress in chemistry. Without a continuous supply of stimulating ideas from creative researchers, there would be no new insights into the subject. But what are some of the ideas that pervade modern chemistry? The answer to this question is to be found in "Stimulating Concepts in Chemistry". In a collection of 24 essays, a group of leading researchers provides an overview of the most recent developments in their fields. Readers can find out about modern concepts in chemistry such as self-assembly, nanochemistry, and molecular machines. Moreover, many spectacular advances have been achieved from the fusion of chemistry with life and materials science - a development which is illustrated by contributions on enzyme mimics, molecular wires, and chemical sensors. Further, the essayists write about new nanomaterials, efficient methods in synthesis, and big biomolecules - indeed, many of the topics that have dominated some of the recent discussions in chemistry. This outstanding text makes use of a special layout to reflect the editors' aim of presenting concepts in the form of essays. Thus, the book is not merely another source of knowledge but is intended to stimulate readers to develop their own ideas and concepts. This format should help to make the book interesting to a wide range of scientists. Students of chemistry will benefit from the different style of presentation of their subject, while researchers in industry and academia will welcome the exciting way in which some of the most challenging concepts in modern chemistry are presented.
Book Synopsis Supramolecular Chemistry at Surfaces by : David B. Amabilino
Download or read book Supramolecular Chemistry at Surfaces written by David B. Amabilino and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2016-04-26 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A complete overview of the different methods of preparing and studying self-assembled structures at surfaces and interfaces.
Book Synopsis The Supramolecular Chemistry of Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Materials by : Knut Rurack
Download or read book The Supramolecular Chemistry of Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Materials written by Knut Rurack and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-04-07 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The combination of supramolecular chemistry, inorganic solids, and nanotechnology has already led to significant advances in many areas such as sensing, controlled motion, and delivery. By making possible an unprecedented tunability of the properties of nanomaterials, these techniques open up whole new areas of application for future supramolecular concepts. The Supramolecular Chemistry of Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Materials gathers current knowledge on the subject and provides an overview of the present state and upcoming challenges in this rapidly growing, highly cross- or interdisciplinary research field. The book details how these designed materials can improve existing materials or generate novel functional features such as chemical amplification, cooperative binding and signal enhancement that are difficult or not at all achievable by classical organic supramolecular chemistry. It also discusses issues related to nanofabrication or nanotechnology such as the directed and controlled assembly or disassembly, biomimetic functions and strategies, and the gating and switching of surface functions or morphology.
Book Synopsis Supramolecular Stereochemistry by : J.S. Siegel
Download or read book Supramolecular Stereochemistry written by J.S. Siegel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop, Hveragerdi, Iceland, September 14--19, 1994
Book Synopsis Molecular and Supramolecular Information Processing by : Evgeny Katz
Download or read book Molecular and Supramolecular Information Processing written by Evgeny Katz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-02-14 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited by a renowned and much cited chemist, this book covers the whole span of molecular computers that are based on non-biological systems. The contributions by all the major scientists in the field provide an excellent overview of the latest developments in this rapidly expanding area. A must-have for all researchers working on this very hot topic. Perfectly complements Biomolecular Information Processing, also by Prof. Katz, and available as a two-volume set.
