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The Financial Cost Of Using Special Drawing Rights Implications Of Higher Interest Rates
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Book Synopsis The Financial Cost of Using Special Drawing Rights: Implications of Higher Interest Rates by : Mr. Neil Shenai
Download or read book The Financial Cost of Using Special Drawing Rights: Implications of Higher Interest Rates written by Mr. Neil Shenai and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2023-09-15 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the August 2021 SDR allocation, the SDR interest rate has risen about 390 basis points through end-June 2023. This paper analyzes the impact of higher SDR interest rates on IMF members with negative net SDR Department positions. To do so, it constructs SDR forward curves at different points in time, from which the expected cost of servicing SDR obligations can be compared. Results show that the expected path of the SDR interest rate has shifted significantly upward since the 2021 allocation. Expected costs of charges (interest) in net present value terms are estimated to have more than tripled, while the grant element of SDRs has fallen to just below the IMF’s concessionality threshold. Despite this increase in cost, IMF members’ capacity to service SDR obligations remains generally adequate in both baseline and stress scenarios, though a few countries will need to carefully manage the rise in interest costs. Decisions to convert SDRs should consider interest rate risks, among other country-specific factors.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1498335632 Total Pages :23 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (983 download)
Book Synopsis Guidance Note for Fund Staff on the Treatment and Use of SDR Allocations by : International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department
Download or read book Guidance Note for Fund Staff on the Treatment and Use of SDR Allocations written by International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2009-08-28 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Against the backdrop of the global financial crisis, the IMF has decided to implement a US$250 billion general allocation of special drawing rights (SDRs). In addition, the Fourth Amendment of the Fund’s Articles of Agreement has recently become effective, and will make available to SDR Department participants a special allocation of up to an additional SDR 21.5 billion (US$33 billion). Nearly US$115 billion of these combined allocations will go to emerging market and developing countries, including about US$20 billion to low-income countries (LICs), thereby providing an important boost to the reserves of countries with the greatest needs.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1498339484 Total Pages :43 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (983 download)
Book Synopsis Enhancing International Monetary Stability--A Role for the SDR? by : International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department
Download or read book Enhancing International Monetary Stability--A Role for the SDR? written by International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2011-07-01 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The SDR has enjoyed renewed attention lately in the context of debates on international monetary reform. To be sure, the term SDR has been used to refer to three different concepts—(i) a composite reserve asset created in 1969: the “official SDR” as defined in the Fund’s Articles; (ii) a potential new class of reserve assets: tradable SDRdenominated securities issued by the Fund or an investment vehicle backed by a subset of the Fund’s membership; and (iii) a unit of account, which could be used to price internationally traded assets (e.g., sovereign bonds) and goods (e.g., commodities), to peg currencies, and to report balance of payments data. All three are discussed in this paper.
Book Synopsis IMF Financial Operations 2018 by : International Monetary Fund. Finance Dept.
Download or read book IMF Financial Operations 2018 written by International Monetary Fund. Finance Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-04-18 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: IMF Financial Operations 2018 provides a broad introduction to how the IMF fulfills its mission through its financial activities. It covers the financial structure and operations of the IMF and provides background detail on the financial statements. It reviews the IMF's three main activities: lending, surveillance, and technical assistance.
Book Synopsis The Future of the SDR in Light of Changes in the International Monetary System by : Mr.James M. Boughton
Download or read book The Future of the SDR in Light of Changes in the International Monetary System written by Mr.James M. Boughton and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1996-09-26 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book edited by Michael Mussa, James M. Boughton, and Peter Isard, records the proceedings of a seminar held at the IMF in March 1996 on the future of the special drawing right (SDR), given changes in the international monetary system since the inception of the SDR. The seminar focuses on the differences in opinion in the international community on the desirability or feasibility of an additional allocation of SDRs.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Secretary's Department Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1513568817 Total Pages :74 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (135 download)
Book Synopsis International Monetary Fund Annual Report 2021 by : International Monetary Fund. Secretary's Department
Download or read book International Monetary Fund Annual Report 2021 written by International Monetary Fund. Secretary's Department and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-10-04 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A recovery is underway, but the economic fallout from the global pandemic could be with us for years to come. With the crisis exacerbating prepandemic vulnerabilities, country prospects are diverging. Nearly half of emerging market and developing economies and some middle-income countries are now at risk of falling further behind, undoing much of the progress made toward achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals.
Book Synopsis Global Waves of Debt by : M. Ayhan Kose
Download or read book Global Waves of Debt written by M. Ayhan Kose and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2021-03-03 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global economy has experienced four waves of rapid debt accumulation over the past 50 years. The first three debt waves ended with financial crises in many emerging market and developing economies. During the current wave, which started in 2010, the increase in debt in these economies has already been larger, faster, and broader-based than in the previous three waves. Current low interest rates mitigate some of the risks associated with high debt. However, emerging market and developing economies are also confronted by weak growth prospects, mounting vulnerabilities, and elevated global risks. A menu of policy options is available to reduce the likelihood that the current debt wave will end in crisis and, if crises do take place, will alleviate their impact.
Author :American Bar Association. House of Delegates Publisher :American Bar Association ISBN 13 :9781590318737 Total Pages :216 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (187 download)
Book Synopsis Model Rules of Professional Conduct by : American Bar Association. House of Delegates
Download or read book Model Rules of Professional Conduct written by American Bar Association. House of Delegates and published by American Bar Association. This book was released on 2007 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Model Rules of Professional Conduct provides an up-to-date resource for information on legal ethics. Federal, state and local courts in all jurisdictions look to the Rules for guidance in solving lawyer malpractice cases, disciplinary actions, disqualification issues, sanctions questions and much more. In this volume, black-letter Rules of Professional Conduct are followed by numbered Comments that explain each Rule's purpose and provide suggestions for its practical application. The Rules will help you identify proper conduct in a variety of given situations, review those instances where discretionary action is possible, and define the nature of the relationship between you and your clients, colleagues and the courts.
Download or read book Social Finance written by Neil Shenai and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-19 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do market participants construct stable markets? Why do crises that seem inevitable after-the-fact routinely take market participants by surprise? What forces trigger financial panics, and why does uncertainty lead to market volatility? How do economic elites respond to financial distress, and why are some regulatory interventions more effective than others? Social Finance: Shadow Banking during the Global Financial Crisis answers these questions by presenting a new, economic conventions-based model of financial crises. This model emerges from a theoretical synthesis of several intellectual traditions, including Keynesian epistemology, Hyman Minsky’s asset market theory, economic sociology, and international relations theory. Social Finance uses this new paradigm to explain instability in the global shadow banking system during the global financial crisis. And it presents the results of interviews with some of the world’s leading investors – who saw over $2 trillion in annual order flows and managed over $160 billion in assets – to provide first-hand accounts of markets in crisis. Written in accessible prose, Social Finance will appeal to a broad audience of academics, policymakers, and practitioners interested in understanding the drivers of financial stability in the twenty-first century.
Author :International Monetary Fund Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1513511726 Total Pages :122 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (135 download)
Book Synopsis International Monetary Fund Annual Report 2019 Financial Statements by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book International Monetary Fund Annual Report 2019 Financial Statements written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-10-04 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The audited consolidated financial statements of the International Monetary Fund as of April 30, 2019 and 2018
Book Synopsis Government Finance Statistics Manual 2014 by : Mrs.Sage De Clerck
Download or read book Government Finance Statistics Manual 2014 written by Mrs.Sage De Clerck and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-03-10 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2007–09 international financial crisis underscored the importance of reliable and timely statistics on the general government and public sectors. Government finance statistics are a basis for fiscal analysis and they play a vital role in developing and monitoring sound fiscal programs and in conducting surveillance of economic policies. The Government Finance Statistics Manual 2014 represents a major step forward in clarifying the standards for compiling and presenting fiscal statistics and strengthens the worldwide effort to improve public sector reporting and transparency.
Book Synopsis Allocation of Special Drawing Rights For The Eleventh Basic Period by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Allocation of Special Drawing Rights For The Eleventh Basic Period written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-07-12 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On June 25, 2021, the Executive Board discussed a staff paper setting forth the considerations underlying the case for a general allocation of special drawing rights (SDRs) of an amount equivalent to US$650 billion (about SDR 456 billion) during the Eleventh Basic Period and the key features that could be included in the Managing Director’s proposal for this general allocation.
Book Synopsis Annual Update on SDR Trading Operations by : International Monetary
Download or read book Annual Update on SDR Trading Operations written by International Monetary and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2022-10-06 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides an update on the status of the SDR trading market and operations one year after the historic fourth general allocation of SDRs. In the reporting period, SDR trading has been dominated by SDR sales due to the 2021 SDR allocation. The VTAs continue to have ample capacities to meet the demand for exchange of SDRs into currencies. Staff has made significant progress in further strengthening the SDR trading market. Since the SDR allocation, eight new VTA members have been welcomed to the SDR trading market and many existing VTA members provided additional operational flexibilities. Discussions with a number of potential new entrants continue in the broader context of SDR channeling, which encourages contributors to have VTAs.
Book Synopsis The Case Against the International Monetary Fund by :
Download or read book The Case Against the International Monetary Fund written by and published by Hoover Press. This book was released on with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The CFA Franc Zone written by Ali Zafar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-11 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an empirical analysis of economic and political structures impacting the CFA franc zone. Concise and practical chapters explore the history of the CFA franc zone, challenges to development, geopolitical issues, the importance of flexible exchanges rates, growth trends, and the impact of the Covid crisis. Policy reform is examined to detail economic approaches that could reduce poverty and increase the quality of life within the area. This book aims to present a macroeconomic and exchange rate framework to promote development and post-Covid recovery within the CFA franc zone. It will be of interest to students, researchers, and policymakers involved in African economics, the political economy, and development economics.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 : Total Pages :45 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (2 download)
Book Synopsis 2021 Special Drawing Rights Allocation—Ex-Post Assessment Report by : International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department
Download or read book 2021 Special Drawing Rights Allocation—Ex-Post Assessment Report written by International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2023-08-29 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report follows up on the impact of the historic $650 billion 2021 SDR allocation on the global economy, documenting IMF members' use of the allocation and assessing its economic effects. The report finds that the allocation was beneficial for the global economy, helping meet the long-term global need for reserves and supporting market confidence. Members used the allocation mostly to increase international reserve buffers, with some emerging market and developing countries also using it to meet fiscal and external financing needs. While SDR interest costs have increased, members’ capacity to service SDR obligations remains generally adequate. Members’ use of the allocation was mostly in line with Fund advice, and the transparency and accountability of SDR holdings and use has been broadly appropriate, although some gaps remain. Voluntary SDR channeling from economically stronger to more vulnerable members has helped amplify the benefits of the allocation.
Book Synopsis Recent Fall in the SDR Interest Rate--Implications and Proposed Amendments to Rule T-1 by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Recent Fall in the SDR Interest Rate--Implications and Proposed Amendments to Rule T-1 written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-10-16 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The SDR interest rate is at historic lows. Under the current Rule T-1, the SDR interest rate is calculated as the weighted average of interest rate instruments in the SDR basket, and stood at just 3 basis points for the week of October 13th. Market rates could decline further, which could reduce the SDR interest rate to zero or negative levels under the formula of the current Rule T-1. However, there is no authority under the Articles of Agreement for the Fund to establish a zero or negative SDR interest rate. The wording of the relevant provisions in the Articles does not leave room for a zero or negative rate, and nothing in the legislative history of the First and Second Amendments suggests that zero or negative rates were ever contemplated. Negative SDR interest rates would also have adverse implications for the Fund’s finances. Moreover, very low SDR interest rates affect the functioning of the burden sharing mechanism for deferred charges. Under current Board decisions, the equal burden sharing, where creditors and debtors as a group generate equal amounts to cover deferred charges, requires a minimum positive SDR interest rate to operate. The SDR interest rate has now fallen below that minimum level. This paper proposes technical amendments to Rule T-1 and the burden sharing mechanism to address these issues. In particular, the paper proposes setting a 5 basis point floor on the SDR interest rate, changing the rounding rules on the SDR interest rate and the burden sharing adjustment, and reducing the 1 basis point minimum of the burden sharing adjustment to 0.1 basis point. These measures would preserve a minimal capacity of equal burden sharing aimed at protecting the Fund’s balance sheet, while limiting potential departures of the SDR interest rate from market interest rates.
