The Effects Of Shade Coffee Cultivation On Tropical Montane Bird Diversity

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The Effects of Shade Coffee Cultivation on Tropical Montane Bird Diversity

Author : William Lloyd Rockey
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780355763874
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (638 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effects of Shade Coffee Cultivation on Tropical Montane Bird Diversity by : William Lloyd Rockey

Download or read book The Effects of Shade Coffee Cultivation on Tropical Montane Bird Diversity written by William Lloyd Rockey and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tropical mountains are the most species rich regions on Earth, but are especially vulnerable to biodiversity loss because of the high proportion of range-restricted species with narrow elevational distributions. Shade coffee plantations, in contrast to open monocultures, may mitigate biodiversity loss on tropical mountainsides by providing structure and food to native bird species. The following chapters explore the effects of shade coffee cultivation on bird diversity along the northwest slope of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta of northern Colombia. The first chapter examines how coffee plantation and natural forest bird communities differ in their compositional turnover along elevational and horizontal spatial gradients. I surveyed bird communities at 23 shade coffee plantation sites and 20 natural forest sites along a 1000-meter elevational gradient. Compared to natural forest, I found shade coffee plantations to be diminished in [beta] diversity despite a greater average number of bird species per site. Coffee plantations also exhibited less variance in all vegetation measures reflecting their homogenized structure. This homogeneous feature of shade coffee plantations is a potential cause of their reduced avian [beta] diversity across elevational and horizontal distances. The second chapter assesses the role of environmental filtering in reshaping bird communities of shade coffee plantations relative to nearby natural forest. I analyzed the phylogenies and traits of bird communities in these two habitats of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta in order to address the hypothesis that shade coffee plantations filter avian communities by limiting their phylogenetic and functional composition. I found that coffee plantation bird communities demonstrated greater phylogenetic clustering and lower expected phylogenetic diversity than natural forest communities. Coffee plantation bird communities also displayed less functional diversity than natural forest communities in terms of the birds’ foraging strata, dietary guild, and body mass. Reductions in understory foragers, frugivores, and body mass variance coupled with increases in canopy foragers and omnivores contributed to the functional and corresponding phylogenetic filtering of coffee plantations. The third chapter explores the role of land use in determining how climate change will impact bird communities in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. I used species distribution models to predict changes in occurrence rates by 2050 for 160 bird species I had detected in shade coffee plantations and natural forest sites. Most natural forest bird communities showed greater average projected declines than adjacent shade coffee bird communities under future warming and drying. The interaction between land use and elevation was a significant predictor of changes in occurrence rates. Consequently, the projected decline of shade coffee bird communities was relatively muted with increasing elevation. A likely contributing cause of this projected pattern is the more homogeneous community composition (diminished [beta] diversity) of shade coffee plantations across the elevational gradient.

The Effect of Shade Tree Species on Bird Communities in Central Kenyan Coffee Farms

Author : Deven Kammerichs-Berke
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (123 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effect of Shade Tree Species on Bird Communities in Central Kenyan Coffee Farms by : Deven Kammerichs-Berke

Download or read book The Effect of Shade Tree Species on Bird Communities in Central Kenyan Coffee Farms written by Deven Kammerichs-Berke and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shade coffee has been recognized as a well-studied example of a land-sharing management strategy that both creates habitat for tropical birds while also maintaining agricultural yield. Despite the general consensus that shade coffee is more "bird-friendly" than a sun coffee monoculture, little work has been done to investigate the effects of specific shade tree species on bird diversity and their capacity to help deliver ecosystem services. Previous studies in temperate regions have demonstrated that due to shared evolutionary histories, native plant species are better at promoting native arthropod numbers, which in turn support a greater number of birds. This study investigated bottom-up effects of two shade tree taxa - native Cordia sp. and introduced Grevillea robusta - on insectivorous bird communities in central Kenya. Results indicate that foliage-dwelling arthropod abundance and the richness, and overall abundance of foraging birds were all higher on Cordia than on Grevillea. Furthermore, multivariate analyses of bird community data indicate a significant difference in community composition between the canopies of the two tree species, though the communities of birds using the coffee understory under these shade trees were similar. In addition, both shade trees buffered temperatures in coffee, which could help slow the growth of insect pests, and this was more pronounced under Cordia. These results suggest that native Cordia trees may be better at mitigating habitat loss and promoting ecosystem services in Kenyan coffee systems. Identifying differences in prey abundance and preferences in bird foraging behavior aids in developing region-specific information to optimize functional diversity, ecosystem services, and the conservation of birds in agricultural landscapes.

Shade Trees Preserve Avian Insectivore Biodiversity on Coffee Farms in a Warming Climate

Author : Sarah L. Schooler
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (112 download)

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Book Synopsis Shade Trees Preserve Avian Insectivore Biodiversity on Coffee Farms in a Warming Climate by : Sarah L. Schooler

Download or read book Shade Trees Preserve Avian Insectivore Biodiversity on Coffee Farms in a Warming Climate written by Sarah L. Schooler and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coffee is an important export in many developing countries, with a global annual trade value of $100 billion. Climate change is projected to drastically reduce the area where coffee is able to be grown. Shade trees may mitigate the effects of climate change through temperature regulation for coffee growth, temperature regulation for pest control, and increase in pest-eating bird diversity. The impact of shade on bird diversity and microclimate on coffee farms has been studied extensively in the Neotropics, but there is a dearth of research in the Paleotropics. I examined the local effects of shade on bird presence and temperature on coffee farms in Kenya and then created regional Maxent models for avian insectivores in East Africa. I adjusted current and future Bioclim layers based on mean differences in temperatures between shade and sun on coffee farms. I then projected models into the future and onto adjusted temperature layers to predict the impact of shade tree removal on climatic suitability for avian insectivores. I found that avian insectivore richness is projected to decrease significantly in the future, as is avian insectivore climatic suitability and suitable area, but shade trees on coffee farms can mediate this. Temperature is not currently a limiting factor for avian insectivores on Kenyan coffee farms, indicating that bird presence is determined by site-level factors. Future temperatures will become a regionally limiting factor for bird distribution in East Africa, but its effects can be potentially mediated through planting and maintaining shade trees on coffee farms.

Bird Communities in Sun and Shade Coffee Farms in Kenya

Author : Chris Jamison Smith
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (946 download)

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Book Synopsis Bird Communities in Sun and Shade Coffee Farms in Kenya by : Chris Jamison Smith

Download or read book Bird Communities in Sun and Shade Coffee Farms in Kenya written by Chris Jamison Smith and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agricultural expansion to meet rising demands for crops is one of the greatest threats to terrestrial biodiversity. Coffee, one of the most valuable trade items in tropical countries, provides economic livelihood and habitat for wildlife, especially when it is grown under a canopy of shade trees. In the Neotropics, birds are well studied in coffee, where they usually are more abundant and diverse in shaded farms. However, large differences in abundance between nearby study locations suggest these differences are regionally specific. Few studies have been done in coffee in Africa, which comprises 20% of the world’s area of coffee cultivation. I studied differences in the bird communities between sun and shade coffee in central Kenya, and examined effects of vegetation and landscape on bird abundance and diversity. Sun coffee had higher species richness and abundance of all major guilds (omnivores, insectivores, and granivores), and showed low community similarity to shade. Unlike findings from the Neotropics, canopy cover appeared to have a negative influence on all guilds, while understory volume of weeds increased bird abundance and species richness with a similar magnitude as canopy cover. Forest fragment size, distance from fragment edges, and proportions of landscape cover at a 250 m scale did not strongly affect bird communities in sun coffee. These differences highlight the need for further studies of the effects of coffee cultivation on bird abundance and diversity in Africa

Guild-specific Responses of Birds to Habitat Fragmentation

Author : Maria Jose LaRota-Aguilera
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (816 download)

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Book Synopsis Guild-specific Responses of Birds to Habitat Fragmentation by : Maria Jose LaRota-Aguilera

Download or read book Guild-specific Responses of Birds to Habitat Fragmentation written by Maria Jose LaRota-Aguilera and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Habitat loss and fragmentation are the main drivers of biodiversity loss, especially in the tropics, where the transformation of forested areas into agriculture is predicted to increase dramatically in the next five decades. Although several studies have elucidated the negative impacts of agriculture on biodiversity, recent work suggests that some agro-ecosystems, such as coffee plantations, are potential key environments for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. This study evaluated the role of different coffee production types (sun-exposed, semi-shade and shade in polycultures or monocultures) on the bird communities associated with these agro-ecosystems in the tropical Andes of Colombia. It used a guild-specific approach and nonparametric statistical methods to identify the influence of particular environmental, ecological and landscape variables on the bird community assemblage and to assess potential changes in the species composition among management type. The potential responses of avifauna to fragmentation were studied from three different perspectives: i) from a patch-level point of view, evaluating the effect of local habitat factors (e.g. canopy cover, type of crop and crop management type); ii) from a species point of view, evaluating the role of species ecological traits (e.g. feeding habitat); and iii) from a landscape point of view, evaluating the effect of landscape configuration variables (e.g. patch area and perimeter length). The results indicated that polyculture and shade coffee crops host the most diverse avian communities and that guild representativeness varied among different coffee crop types. The type of coffee production type and the habitat characteristics associated with them seemed to have the greatest influences on families such as flycatchers, hummingbirds and wrens. Finally, coffee plantations can potentially contribute to the maintenance of bird diversity in anthropogenic landscapes; however these benefits are strongly influenced by the type of crop management. The maintenance of traditional coffee production (shade polyculture coffee) is recommended, and should be economically and socially encouraged.

Forest Diversity and Management

Author : David L. Hawksworth
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402052081
Total Pages : 538 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Forest Diversity and Management by : David L. Hawksworth

Download or read book Forest Diversity and Management written by David L. Hawksworth and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-04-06 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on research from biodiversity experts around the world, this book reflects the diversity of forest types and forest issues that concern forest scientists. Coverage ranges from savannah and tropical rainforests to the ancient oak forests of Poland; issues explored include the effects of logging, management practices, forest dynamics and climate change on forest structure and biodiversity. Here is a useful overview of current science, for researchers and educators alike.

Tropical Montane Forests in a Changing Environment

Author : Norma Salinas
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889713636
Total Pages : 119 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (897 download)

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Book Synopsis Tropical Montane Forests in a Changing Environment by : Norma Salinas

Download or read book Tropical Montane Forests in a Changing Environment written by Norma Salinas and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-09-24 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Terrestrial Ecosystems and Biodiversity

Author : Yeqiao Wang
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 042981934X
Total Pages : 605 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (298 download)

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Book Synopsis Terrestrial Ecosystems and Biodiversity by : Yeqiao Wang

Download or read book Terrestrial Ecosystems and Biodiversity written by Yeqiao Wang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-05-19 with total page 605 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Authored by world-class scientists and scholars, The Handbook of Natural Resources, Second Edition, is an excellent reference for understanding the consequences of changing natural resources to the degradation of ecological integrity and the sustainability of life. Based on the content of the bestselling and CHOICE-awarded Encyclopedia of Natural Resources, this new edition demonstrates the major challenges that the society is facing for the sustainability of all well-being on the planet Earth. The experience, evidence, methods, and models used in studying natural resources are presented in six stand-alone volumes, arranged along the main systems of land, water, and air. It reviews state-of-the-art knowledge, highlights advances made in different areas, and provides guidance for the appropriate use of remote sensing and geospatial data with field-based measurements in the study of natural resources. Volume 1, Terrestrial Ecosystems and Biodiversity, provides fundamental information on terrestrial ecosystems, approaches to monitoring, and impacts of climate change on natural vegetation and forests. New to this edition are discussions on biodiversity conservation, gross and net primary production, soil microbiology, land surface phenology, and decision support systems. This volume demonstrates the key processes, methods, and models used through many case studies from around the world. Written in an easy-to-reference manner, The Handbook of Natural Resources, Second Edition, as individual volumes or as a complete set, is an essential reading for anyone looking for a deeper understanding of the science and management of natural resources. Public and private libraries, educational and research institutions, scientists, scholars, and resource managers will benefit enormously from this set. Individual volumes and chapters can also be used in a wide variety of both graduate and undergraduate courses in environmental science and natural science at different levels and disciplines, such as biology, geography, earth system science, and ecology.

Biodiversity and Conservation of Woody Plants

Author : M. R. Ahuja
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319664263
Total Pages : 513 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (196 download)

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Book Synopsis Biodiversity and Conservation of Woody Plants by : M. R. Ahuja

Download or read book Biodiversity and Conservation of Woody Plants written by M. R. Ahuja and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-21 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides complete, comprehensive, and broad subject-based reviews for students, teachers, researchers, policymakers, conservationists, and NGOs interested in the biodiversity and conservation of woody plants. Forests cover approximately 31 percent of the world’s total landmass; 93 percent is natural forest and only 7 percent consists of planted trees. Forest decline is progressing at an alarming rate worldwide. In addition to human activities (logging, deforestation, and exploiting forest lands for agriculture and industrial use), a number of other factors – including pests and diseases, drought, soil acidity, radiation, and ozone – are cumulatively contributing to global forest decline. The present situation forces us to focus on forest conservation strategies for the present and future. Gene conservation and maintaining genetic diversity in forest ecosystems are crucial to the preservation of forest genetic resources. This calls for integrated action to implement both the in situ (on site) preservation of forest stands and ex situ (distant from the original site) strategies for the conservation of woody plants’ genetic resources. Selected priority areas include: 1) assessing patterns of genetic diversity and threats, 2) understanding the biological processes regulating genetic diversity, 3) assessing the impact of human activities and climate change on genetic diversity, and 5) finding methods for prioritizing species and populations for the conservation of forest trees genetic resources. All chapters were written by leading scientists in their respective fields, which include: woody plant diversity, ecology and evolution; assessment of genetic diversity in forest tree populations; conservation planning under climate change; and in situ and ex situ strategies, including biotechnological approaches, for the conservation of woody plants genetic resources.

Coffee Agroecology

Author : Ivette Perfecto
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134056079
Total Pages : 359 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Coffee Agroecology by : Ivette Perfecto

Download or read book Coffee Agroecology written by Ivette Perfecto and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-02-11 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on principles of the conservation and optimization of biodiversity and of equity and sustainability, this book focuses on the ecology of the coffee agroecosystem as a model for a sustainable agricultural ecosystem. It draws on the authors' own research conducted over the last twenty years as well as incorporating the vast literature that has been generated on coffee agroecosystems from around the world. The book uses an integrated approach that weaves together various lines of research to understand the ecology of a very diverse tropical agroforestry system. Key concepts explored include biodiversity patterns, metapopulation dynamics and ecological networks. These are all set in a socioeconomic and political framework which relates them to the realities of farmers' livelihoods. The authors provide a novel synthesis that will generate new understanding and can be applied to other examples of sustainable agriculture and food production. This synthesis also explains the ecosystem services provided by the approach, including the economic, fair trade and political aspects surrounding this all-important global commodity.

Nature's Matrix

Author : Ivette Perfecto
Publisher : Earthscan
ISBN 13 : 1849770131
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (497 download)

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Book Synopsis Nature's Matrix by : Ivette Perfecto

Download or read book Nature's Matrix written by Ivette Perfecto and published by Earthscan. This book was released on 2009 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Landscapes are frequently seen as fragments of natural habitat surrounded by a 'sea' of agriculture. But recent ecological theory shows that the nature of these fragments is not nearly as important for conservation as is the nature of the matrix of agriculture that surrounds them. Local extinctions from conservation fragments are inevitable and must be balanced by migrations if massive extinction is to be avoided. High migration rates only occur in what the authors refer to as 'high quality' matrices, which are created by alternative agroecological techniques, as opposed to the industrial monocultural model of agriculture. The authors argue that the only way to promote such high quality matrices is to work with rural social movements. Their ideas are at odds with the major trends of some of the large conservation organizations that emphasize targeted land purchases of protected areas. They argue that recent advances in ecological research make such a general approach anachronistic and call, rather, for solidarity with the small farmers around the world who are currently struggling to attain food sovereignty.Nature's Matrix proposes a radically new approach to the conservation of biodiversity based on recent advances in the science of ecology plus political realities, particularly in the world's tropical regions.

Endangered Species Technical Bulletin

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Endangered Species Technical Bulletin by :

Download or read book Endangered Species Technical Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Sustainable Forest Resources Management

Author : Jahangeer A. Bhat
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1040171893
Total Pages : 489 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (41 download)

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Book Synopsis Sustainable Forest Resources Management by : Jahangeer A. Bhat

Download or read book Sustainable Forest Resources Management written by Jahangeer A. Bhat and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-12-02 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forests are one of our most valuable resources, yet they are fast depleting with an impending ecological crisis in view. This new book explores the concept of sustainable forest management that involves the use of socially justifiable, economically viable, and ecologically sound strategies for sustainably managing forest resources for present and future generations without diminishing their value. It looks at sustainable forest management practices and highlights the aspects of forest resources, the importance of traditional knowledge, the need for conservation, the impact of climate change, and ecosystem services. It covers the scientific, technical, and socio-economical aspects of forests to further ensure the conservation of forest resources.

Diversity, Abundance, and Foraging Behavior of Birds in a Shade Coffee Plantation and Tropical Forest in Belize

Author : Amy E. Smith Kyle
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (549 download)

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Book Synopsis Diversity, Abundance, and Foraging Behavior of Birds in a Shade Coffee Plantation and Tropical Forest in Belize by : Amy E. Smith Kyle

Download or read book Diversity, Abundance, and Foraging Behavior of Birds in a Shade Coffee Plantation and Tropical Forest in Belize written by Amy E. Smith Kyle and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Encyclopedia of Natural Resources - Two-Volume Set

Author : Yeqiao Wang
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1351043838
Total Pages : 1217 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Natural Resources - Two-Volume Set by : Yeqiao Wang

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Natural Resources - Two-Volume Set written by Yeqiao Wang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-06-01 with total page 1217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With unprecedented attention on global change, the current debate revolves around the availability and sustainability of natural resources and how to achieve equilibrium between what society demands from natural environments and what the natural resource base can provide. A full understanding of the range of issues, from the consequences of the changing resource bases to the degradation of ecological integrity and the sustainability of life, is crucial to the process of developing solutions to this complex challenge. Authored by world-class scientists and scholars, The Encyclopedia of Natural Resources provides an authoritative reference on a broad spectrum of topics such as the forcing factors and habitats of life; their histories, current status, and future trends; and their societal connections, economic values, and management. The content presents state-of-the-art science and technology development and perspectives of resource management. Written and designed with a broad audience in mind, the entries clearly elucidate the issues for readers at all levels. Volume I – Land includes 98 entries that cover the topical areas of renewable and nonrenewable natural resources such as forest and vegetative; soil; terrestrial coastal and inland wetlands; landscape structure and function and change; biological diversity; ecosystem services, protected areas, and management; natural resource economics; and resource security and sustainability. In Volume II, Water includes 59 entries and Air includes 31 entries. The Water entries cover topical areas such as fresh water, groundwater, water quality and watersheds, ice and snow, coastal environments, and marine resources and economics. The Air entries cover air pollutants, atmospheric oscillation, circulation patterns and atmospheric water storage, as well as agroclimatology, climate change, and extreme events. Additional topics in meteorology include acid rain, drought, ozone depletion, water storage, and more. Natural resources represent such a broad scope of complex and challenging topics that a reference book must cover a vast number of subjects in order to be titled an encyclopedia. The Encyclopedia of Natural Resources does just that. The topics covered help readers face current and future issues in the maintenance of clean air and water as well as the preservation of land resources and native biodiversity.

Avian biodiversity collapse in the anthropocene: Drivers and consequences

Author : Çağan H. Şekercioğlu
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832526314
Total Pages : 235 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Avian biodiversity collapse in the anthropocene: Drivers and consequences by : Çağan H. Şekercioğlu

Download or read book Avian biodiversity collapse in the anthropocene: Drivers and consequences written by Çağan H. Şekercioğlu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-06-14 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Research Techniques in Animal Ecology

Author : Luigi Boitani
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231501390
Total Pages : 668 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Research Techniques in Animal Ecology by : Luigi Boitani

Download or read book Research Techniques in Animal Ecology written by Luigi Boitani and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2000-06-01 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present biodiversity crisis is rife with opportunities to make important conservation decisions; however, the misuse or misapplication of the methods and techniques of animal ecology can have serious consequences for the survival of species. Still, there have been relatively few critical reviews of methodology in the field. This book provides an analysis of some of the most frequently used research techniques in animal ecology, identifying their limitations and misuses, as well as possible solutions to avoid such pitfalls. In the process, contributors to this volume present new perspectives on the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data. Research Techniques in Animal Ecology is an overarching account of central theoretical and methodological controversies in the field, rather than a handbook on the minutiae of techniques. The editors have forged comprehensive presentations of key topics in animal ecology, such as territory and home range estimates, habitation evaluation, population viability analysis, GIS mapping, and measuring the dynamics of societies. Striking a careful balance, each chapter begins by assessing the shortcomings and misapplications of the techniques in question, followed by a thorough review of the current literature, and concluding with possible solutions and suggested guidelines for more robust investigations.