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The Effects Of Increasing Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition And Carbon Dioxide On The Growth And Physiology Of Component Species Of The Chalk Grassland Plant Community
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Book Synopsis The Effects of Increasing Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition and Carbon Dioxide on the Growth and Physiology of Component Species of the Chalk Grassland Plant Community by : Jonathan Bryant
Download or read book The Effects of Increasing Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition and Carbon Dioxide on the Growth and Physiology of Component Species of the Chalk Grassland Plant Community written by Jonathan Bryant and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Physiological and Growth Responses of Grassland Species to Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Increased N Supply with Emphasis on Symbiotic N Fixers Vs. Non-fixers by : Tali Delius Lee
Download or read book Physiological and Growth Responses of Grassland Species to Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Increased N Supply with Emphasis on Symbiotic N Fixers Vs. Non-fixers written by Tali Delius Lee and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis British National Bibliography for Report Literature by :
Download or read book British National Bibliography for Report Literature written by and published by . This book was released on 1999-06 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Direct Effects of Increasing Carbon Dioxide on Vegetation by : Boyd R. Strain
Download or read book Direct Effects of Increasing Carbon Dioxide on Vegetation written by Boyd R. Strain and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 1960 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Direct Effects of Increasing Carbon Dioxide on Vegetation by : Boyd R. Strain
Download or read book Direct Effects of Increasing Carbon Dioxide on Vegetation written by Boyd R. Strain and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effect of Carbon Dioxide Enrichment on Plant Growth by : Susan Whitmore
Download or read book Effect of Carbon Dioxide Enrichment on Plant Growth written by Susan Whitmore and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effects of Elevated Carbon Dioxide, Nitrogen Addition, and Community Composition on Seed Quality of Five California Annual Grassland Species by : Maya Hayden
Download or read book The Effects of Elevated Carbon Dioxide, Nitrogen Addition, and Community Composition on Seed Quality of Five California Annual Grassland Species written by Maya Hayden and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Carbon Dioxide and Environmental Stress by : Luo Yiqi
Download or read book Carbon Dioxide and Environmental Stress written by Luo Yiqi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1999-04-13 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the interactive effects of environmental stresses with plant and ecosystem functions, especially with respect to changes in the abundance of carbon dioxide. The interaction of stresses with elevated carbon dioxide are presented from the cellular through whole plant ecosystem level. The book carefully considers not only the responses of the above-ground portion of the plant, but also emphasizes the critical role of below-ground (rhizosphere) components (e.g., roots, microbes, soil) in determining the nature and magnitude of these interactions. * Will rising CO2 alter the importance of environmental stress in natural and agricultural ecosystems?* Will environmental stress on plants reduce their capacity to remove CO2 from the atmosphere?* Are some stresses more important than others as we concern ourselves with global change?* Can we develop predictive models useful for scientists and policy-makers?* Where should future research efforts be focused?
Book Synopsis Interactive Effects of Elevated CO2 and Salinity on Three Common Grass Species by : Donovan J. Moxley
Download or read book Interactive Effects of Elevated CO2 and Salinity on Three Common Grass Species written by Donovan J. Moxley and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon dioxide (CO2) level in the atmosphere has increased steadily since Pre-Industrial times. The need for a better understanding of the effects of elevated CO2 on plant physiology and growth is clear. Previous studies have focused on how plants are affected by either elevated CO2 or salinity, one of many environmental stresses for plants. However, little research has been focused on the interaction of these two factors. In my project, three common grass species were exposed to both elevated CO2 and salinity, so that the effects of either of these factors and the interaction of the two on these species could be examined. The CO2 levels were set to 400 μmol mol-1, close to the current concentration, or 760 μmol mol-1, projected to be reached by the end of this century. Salt solutions of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mM NaCl with CaCl2 at lower rates (1% of each respective molarity for NaCl) were used to water the grasses, which are unlikely to experience prolonged exposure to salt conditions beyond this range in their natural habitats. The three common grass species studied in my experiment were Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) and red fescue (Festuca rubra L.), both C3 cool season grasses, as well as buffalo grass (Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm.), a C4 warm season grass. Each treatment had five replicates, bringing the total number of experimental pots to 150. Various growth parameters were monitored, and all data was statistically analyzed for statistical significance. My results showed that elevated CO2 had a stimulating effect on most growth parameters, particularly when plants were given more time to grow. In a 100-day growth experiment, CO2 affected the number and dry biomass of plants of all species, regardless of their C3 or C¬4 photosynthetic pathways. Salinity consistently inhibited germination and growth at all stages, from germination through plant emergences, numbers of established plants, and dry biomasses at harvest. Interactive effects of CO2 and salinity did occur, though often in seemingly specific instances rather than forming clear and consistent trends. My findings suggested that growth of common grasses would be enhanced by the rising level of CO2 in the atmosphere, but the effect would be modified by environmental stresses, such as salinity.
Book Synopsis Plants and Climate Change by : Jelte Rozema
Download or read book Plants and Climate Change written by Jelte Rozema and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-01-19 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on how climate affects or affected the biosphere and vice versa both in the present and in the past. The chapters describe how ecosystems from the Antarctic and Arctic, and from other latitudes, respond to global climate change. The papers highlight plant responses to atmospheric CO2 increase, to global warming and to increased ultraviolet-B radiation as a result of stratospheric ozone depletion.
Book Synopsis Effects of CO2 and Nitrogen on Plant Response to Heat Stress by : Dan Wang
Download or read book Effects of CO2 and Nitrogen on Plant Response to Heat Stress written by Dan Wang and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More intense, more frequent, and longer heat-waves are expected in the future due to global warming, both of which could have dramatic ecological impacts. It is necessary to determine how elevated CO2 and N affect plant responses to heat stress because atmospheric CO2 and N deposition will increase in the future. In the first project, we found thermotolerance of Pn in elevated (vs. ambient) CO2 increased in C3, but decreased in C4 (especially) and CAM (high growth temperature only), species. In contrast, elevated CO2 decreased electron transport in 10-of-11 species. High CO2 decreased gst (stomatal conductance) in 5 of 9 species, but stomatal limitations to Pn increased during heat stress in only 2 cool-season C3 species. Thus, benefits of elevated CO2 to photosynthesis at normal temperatures may be partly offset by negative effects during stress, especially for C4 species, so effects of elevated CO2 on acute heat tolerance may contribute to future changes in plant productivity, distribution, and diversity. The second project showed that effects of elevated CO2 on plant tolerance to heat stress are also dependent on N availability. Negative effects of high CO2 were associated with decreased CE (carboxylation efficiency) and rubisco activase (except high-N barley) and HSPs (especially HSP70). My meta-analysis results showed that elevated CO2 affects plant physiology and growth to varying degrees under different temperature regimes. The field study examined the effects of N availability on plant response to heat-stress (HS) treatment in naturally-occurring vegetation. The results indicated that increasing nitrogen (N) availability will likely impact plant responses to heat stress, and thus carbon (C) sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems, which suggests that heat waves, though transient, could have significant effects on plants, communities, and ecosystem N cycling, and N can influence the effect of heat waves.
Book Synopsis The Effect of Nitrogen Supply and Carbon Dioxide Concentration on the Growth and Physiology of Two Contrasting Grass Species by : John Magnus Bowler
Download or read book The Effect of Nitrogen Supply and Carbon Dioxide Concentration on the Growth and Physiology of Two Contrasting Grass Species written by John Magnus Bowler and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effects of Elevated Carbon Dioxide Plus Chronic Warming on Plant Nitrogen Relations and Leaf Hyponasty by : Dileepa Madushanka Jayawardena
Download or read book Effects of Elevated Carbon Dioxide Plus Chronic Warming on Plant Nitrogen Relations and Leaf Hyponasty written by Dileepa Madushanka Jayawardena and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atmospheric carbon-dioxide (CO2) enrichment is largely the cause of current global warming. Hence, in the future, organisms will experience the interactive effects of elevated CO2 (eCO2) and chronic warming rather than their individual effects. Though individual effects of eCO2 or chronic warming on plant responses have been studied in some detail, interactive effects of eCO2 and chronic warming on plant responses such as nitrogen (N) relations (uptake, translocation, assimilation) and leaf hyponasty (upward bending of leaves) have been rarely studied. Therefore, the goals of my dissertation work included (1) investigation of eCO2 plus chronic warming on plant N relations, using tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Big Boy) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Glenn) followed by a meta-analytic review, and (2) investigation of eCO2 plus chronic warming on leaf hyponasty and subsequent effects of hyponasty on plant growth, using tomato and other economically-important species. These goals were achieved by growing plants in a full-factorial experimental design, using two levels of CO2 (ambient vs. elevated) and two temperature regimes (near-optimal vs. supra-optimal) in controlled-environment growth chambers. In all experimental trials conducted, eCO2 plus warming inhibited tomato vegetative growth, whereas warming alone inhibited growth to a smaller extent, and eCO2 alone increased growth. One potential reason for inhibition of plant growth at eCO2 plus warming could be the observed increase in leaf hyponasty. Warming or eCO2 alone caused modest leaf hyponasty, whereas eCO2 plus warming caused severe leaf hyponasty, which correlated with decreased leaf area and biomass. This could be explained by decreased light interception, and thus in situ photosynthesis, as leaves became more vertically-oriented. Severe hyponasty driven by eCO2 plus warming was observed only in the compound-leaved species tested, but not in the simple-leaved species tested. Tomato plants grown at eCO2 plus warming also had the lowest nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4+) -uptake rates, as well as the lowest root-to-shoot net-N translocation. Moreover, eCO2 plus warming decreased whole-plant N assimilation in tomato, which was mainly driven by the inhibition of whole-plant NO3- assimilation. However, tomato plants grown at eCO2 plus warming had higher in vitro activities of key N-assimilation enzymes (an index of assimilation capacity) and higher % carbon (C) and N levels in roots, indicating that inhibition of N assimilation was not due to the damage to these enzymes nor due to resource limitation for root functions. Thus, in tomato, eCO2 plus warming may decrease N uptake and assimilation in large part because of reduced whole-plant growth, and thus N demand, caused by leaf hyponasty. In wheat, plant growth, %N, protein concentration, and root N-uptake rates were each significantly affected only by CO2, while N- and NO3--assimilation were significantly affected only by warming. However, plants grown at eCO2 plus warming had the lowest concentrations of N and protein, and, hence, lower nutritional quality, with decreased protein concentration at eCO2 plus warming likely due to the inhibition of N assimilation. A comprehensive meta-analysis of the effects of eCO2 plus warming on plant N relations further supported the above-mentioned experimental observations. According to the meta-analysis, eCO2 alone or in combination with warming reduced shoot %N (more so at ≥300 vs.
Book Synopsis British Plant Communities by : J. S. Rodwell
Download or read book British Plant Communities written by J. S. Rodwell and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1998-04-30 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: British Plant Communities is the first systematic and comprehensive account of the vegetation types of this country. It covers all natural, semi-natural and major artificial habitats in Great Britain (but not Northern Ireland), representing the fruits of fifteen years of research by leading plant ecologists. The book breaks new ground in wedding the rigorous interest in the classification of plant communities that has characterized Continental phytosociology with the deep concern traditional in Great Britain to understand how vegetation works. The published volumes have been greeted with universal acclaim, and the series has become firmly established as a framework for a wide variety of teaching, research and management activities in ecology, conservation and land-use planning.
Download or read book Trace Gas Emissions by Plants written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many trace gases are exchanged between the atmosphere and the biosphere. Although much research has been published on the photosynthetic exchanges of carbon dioxide, oxygen, and water vapor, this book focuses on the importance of biogenic trace gases on atmosphere chemistry and ecosystem stability. Included are methane and its effect on the radiative properties of the atmosphere, hydrocarbons (isoprene and monoterpenes), and their role in the production of ozone and carbon monoxide. Also covered are sulfur and nitrogen gases, both of which can lead to ecosystem acidification. The biochemistry and physiology of production of these and other gases are investigated. Plant physiologists, ecologists, and atmospheric chemists and modelers will benefit from this book.
Book Synopsis Assessment of the Response of the Chalk Grassland Community to Elevated Concentrations of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and Ozone Through the Examination of Individual Species and Mixtures of Species by : Kevin Robert Warwick
Download or read book Assessment of the Response of the Chalk Grassland Community to Elevated Concentrations of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and Ozone Through the Examination of Individual Species and Mixtures of Species written by Kevin Robert Warwick and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
