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The Effects Of Energy Restriction And Exercise On Body Composition And Bone Mineral Density In Overweight Lactating Women
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Book Synopsis The Effects of Energy Restriction and Exercise on Body Composition and Bone Mineral Density in Overweight Lactating Women by : Heather L. Colleran
Download or read book The Effects of Energy Restriction and Exercise on Body Composition and Bone Mineral Density in Overweight Lactating Women written by Heather L. Colleran and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Lactation is a time of rapid bone loss due to hyperprolactinemia, amenorrhea, and increased bone turnover, especially in the lumbar spine and hip. Childbearing may be one of the causes for the high prevalence (59%) of overweight and obesity among women. Exercise, combined with a modest restriction in energy intake, has been shown in non-lactating women to improve body composition and protect bone during periods of weight loss. However, there is a paucity of research on exercise and dietary interventions in lactating women aimed at promotion of bone health and weight loss. Therefore, the primary objectives of the two studies in this dissertation were: 1) to describe the changes in dietary intake, bone turnover markers, and hormones related to lactation and exercise, as well as predict changes in bone mineral density (BMD) during lactation in women whom had undertaken resistance exercise, and 2) to promote lifestyle changes through a home-based nutrition and exercise intervention targeting overweight lactating postpartum women. The first study concluded exercise and a higher dietary calcium intake were inversely related to bone loss during lactation, when controlling for parity. Additionally, an increase in bone formation markers predicted an increase of lumbar spine BMD, whereas increased levels of estradiol and IGF-1 were positively related to total body BMD. The second study results suggest moderate energy restriction and resistance training are safe methods for weight loss in overweight fully breastfeeding women with no adverse affects on BMD and infant growth. Additionally, the use of MyPyramid Menu Planner appeared to be a novel tool to aid in weekly individual dietary counseling and weight loss. This dissertation research was the first to examine the effects of an exercise and weight loss intervention on attenuation of lactation-induced bone loss in overweight women. The results suggest moderate energy restriction, walking, and resistance training are safe methods for weight loss in overweight fully breastfeeding women with no adverse affects on BMD and infant growth."--Abstract from author supplied metadata.
Book Synopsis Effect of Physical Activity and Dietary Intake on Bone Mineral Density in Lactating Postpartum Women by : Erin M. Kyle
Download or read book Effect of Physical Activity and Dietary Intake on Bone Mineral Density in Lactating Postpartum Women written by Erin M. Kyle and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition were investigated in a cohort of 18 lactating women and 16 never pregnant controls. BMD, body composition, physical activity and dietary intake were assessed at baseline (4-6 weeks postpartum), 6 months and 12 months. Controls remained relatively stable for BMD and body composition characteristics. In lactating women, BMD decreased by 2.6% and 3.2% in the total body BMD and hip respectively. Calcium and vitamin D and K intake influenced the change in BMD measured at these two sites. Lactating women experienced a 5.3 ± 2.2 kg decrease in body mass associated with decreased fat mass, percent body fat and waist circumference. Habitual physical activity at baseline had a positive effect on weight loss with grater changes in physically active women. In conclusion, consumption of calcium, vitamins D and K are important for bone health, while physical activity is important for weight loss during the postpartum period.
Book Synopsis Effect of Exercise on Bone Density and Body Composition During Lactation by : Heather Lynne Kennedy
Download or read book Effect of Exercise on Bone Density and Body Composition During Lactation written by Heather Lynne Kennedy and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Bone mineral density (BMD) decreases during lactation, therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine if exercise could slow this loss. Women were randomized to either an exercise group (EG, n=5) [aerobic (3d/wk, 45 min/d) and resistance exercise (3d/wk)] or control group (CG, n=6) (no exercise) during the 16 wk study. Body composition and BMD were measured by dual x-ray absorptiometry at lumbar spine (LS), hip, and total body. Significant differences in change from baseline between CG and EG were observed for LS bone mineral content (BMC) ( -7.4 " 2.4 vs.-2.9 " 1.0%, p
Book Synopsis Energy Balance, Body Composition and Lactation Performance by : Megan Ann McCrory
Download or read book Energy Balance, Body Composition and Lactation Performance written by Megan Ann McCrory and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Relationship of Physical Activity, Body Weight and Composition, and Muscular Strength to Bone Mineral Density in Young Women by : Kara Lee Madsen
Download or read book Relationship of Physical Activity, Body Weight and Composition, and Muscular Strength to Bone Mineral Density in Young Women written by Kara Lee Madsen and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effect of a Diet and Exercise Intervention on Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Postpartum Women by : Elyse A. Shearer
Download or read book The Effect of a Diet and Exercise Intervention on Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Postpartum Women written by Elyse A. Shearer and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Obesity among women is a public health problem in the United States. Pregnancy may be one of the causes of this, with 56% of women of childbearing age being overweight or obese. Excessive weight gain during pregnancy and postpartum weight retention may increase a woman's risk of obesity and chronic disease later in life. Moderate calorie restriction and exercise interventions have been shown to reduce body weight and improve body composition during the postpartum period. While weight loss interventions have been successful, high attrition rates limit the widespread effectiveness of these interventions. Furthermore, there is a lack of research examining the effects of a weight loss program on cardiometabolic risk factors in this population. Therefore, the primary aim of the studies in this dissertation were: 1) To determine the effect of a diet and exercise intervention on weight, body composition, and cardiometabolic risk factors, 2) to improve lifestyle behaviors through improved diet quality and cardiovascular fitness, and 3) to describe the relationship between chronic inflammation and bone mineral density (BMD) in overweight and obese postpartum women. The first study concluded that a home-based diet and exercise program resulted in greater reductions in weight, waist circumference, sagittal diameter, and abdominal fat mass compared to a control group. Additionally, the intervention resulted in a significant improvement in cardiovascular fitness. The second study concluded that the intervention improved triglyceride concentrations, decreased insulin resistance, and improved metabolic syndrome risk factors. Finally, the third study concluded that the intervention resulted in less loss of BMD at the total body and hip and less loss of BMC at the hip, lumbar spine, and femoral neck after controlling for lactation status and weeks postpartum at baseline. Change in cardiovascular fitness was a predictor of change in total hip and femoral neck BMD, while change in inflammation was a predictor of change in total body BMD. These results suggest that a home-based, diet and exercise intervention is effective in improving body composition, cardiovascular fitness, and some cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obese postpartum women. Additionally, moderate aerobic activity may attenuate bone loss during a weight loss program."--Abstract from author supplied metadata.
Book Synopsis Effects of Diet and Exercise on Maternal Body Composition and Breast Milk Components by : Melanie Joy Bopp
Download or read book Effects of Diet and Exercise on Maternal Body Composition and Breast Milk Components written by Melanie Joy Bopp and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) are essential for infant growth and development, and amounts in breast milk depend on maternal diet and body stores. Because exercise increases mobilization and utilization of fatty acids, maternal activity may also influence the amount of LCPUFA in breast milk. In addition, exercise has been shown to improve bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. During lactation, bone turnover is elevated to provide calcium for breast milk. This results in decreased BMD. Therefore, the purpose of these studies was to: 1) investigate the effects of diet and exercise on fatty acid concentrations in maternal plasma and breast milk, and 2) determine the effects of a specific resistance and aerobic training program and dietary intake on BMD and bone turnover during lactation. In the first study, LCPUFA in plasma and breast milk were measured at 12 weeks postpartum in exercising and sedentary women. Dietary intake was recorded for three days. A subsample of women participated in exercise and rest sessions to examine the acute effects of exercise on breast milk LCPUFA. In the second study, whole body, lumbar spine (LS) and hip BMD and bone mineral content (BMC), and bone turnover markers were measured before and after a 16-wk intervention in breastfeeding women who either participated in a specific resistance and aerobic training program or were sedentary. Dietary intake and body composition were also assessed in all women. In the first study, there were no differences in essential fatty acid intake between the two groups. Intake of linoleic acid (LA) was 11.05 " 1.39 and 9.34 " 0.97 and α-linolenic (LNA) was 0.96 " 0.12 and 0.82 " 0.09 grams/day for the sedentary and exercise groups, respectively. No differences were found in LCPUFA in plasma and breast milk between groups. After 30 minutes of exercise, there was a trend for an increase in LA and LNA. In the second study, exercising women lost significantly less LS BMD and LS BMC (p
Book Synopsis The Effect of Maternal Adiposity on Energy Metabolism and Body Composition During Pregnancy and Lactation by : Kara Lang
Download or read book The Effect of Maternal Adiposity on Energy Metabolism and Body Composition During Pregnancy and Lactation written by Kara Lang and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Exercise and the Female by : Oded Bar-Or
Download or read book Exercise and the Female written by Oded Bar-Or and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bone Health and Osteoporosis by : United States Public Health Service
Download or read book Bone Health and Osteoporosis written by United States Public Health Service and published by . This book was released on 2004-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first-ever Surgeon General's Report on bone health and osteoporosis illustrates the large burden that bone disease places on our Nation and its citizens. Like other chronic diseases that disproportionately affect the elderly, the prevalence of bone disease and fractures is projected to increase markedly as the population ages. If these predictions come true, bone disease and fractures will have a tremendous negative impact on the future well-being of Americans. But as this report makes clear, they need not come true: by working together we can change the picture of aging in America. Osteoporosis, fractures, and other chronic diseases no longer should be thought of as an inevitable part of growing old. By focusing on prevention and lifestyle changes, including physical activity and nutrition, as well as early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, Americans can avoid much of the damaging impact of bone disease and other chronic diseases. This Surgeon General's Report brings together for the first time the scientific evidence related to the prevention, assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of bone disease. More importantly, it provides a framework for moving forward. The report will be another effective tool in educating Americans about how they can promote bone health throughout their lives. This first-ever Surgeon General's Report on bone health and osteoporosis provides much needed information on bone health, an often overlooked aspect of physical health. This report follows in the tradition of previous Surgeon Generals' reports by identifying the relevant scientific data, rigorously evaluating and summarizing the evidence, and determining conclusions.
Book Synopsis The Effects of Exercise Training and Severe Caloric Restriction on Lean-body Mass in the Obese by : Brian Carlton Leutholtz
Download or read book The Effects of Exercise Training and Severe Caloric Restriction on Lean-body Mass in the Obese written by Brian Carlton Leutholtz and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effects of Moderate Caloric Restriction and Exercise on Body Mass, Body Composition, and Blood Profile in Overweight and Obese Subjects by : Emily E. McDonah
Download or read book The Effects of Moderate Caloric Restriction and Exercise on Body Mass, Body Composition, and Blood Profile in Overweight and Obese Subjects written by Emily E. McDonah and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effects of Aerobic Exercise Or Weight Training on Body Weight and Composition in Overweight and Obese Women on an Energy Restricted Diet by : Sophie Llewellyn Smith
Download or read book The Effects of Aerobic Exercise Or Weight Training on Body Weight and Composition in Overweight and Obese Women on an Energy Restricted Diet written by Sophie Llewellyn Smith and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effect of Exercise, Body Composition, and Nutritional Intake on Bone Mineral Status of Women in the United States by : Martha Ann Bass
Download or read book The Effect of Exercise, Body Composition, and Nutritional Intake on Bone Mineral Status of Women in the United States written by Martha Ann Bass and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Exercise and Nutrient Interactions by : Evelyn Bridget Parr
Download or read book Exercise and Nutrient Interactions written by Evelyn Bridget Parr and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The worldwide prevalence of overweight and obesity continues to rise and will soon place unsustainable demands on the healthcare systems of most developed nations. Sarcopenia, the age-related loss of muscle mass, is commonly exacerbated in overweight/obese individuals causing loss of function and independence. Accordingly, a critical goal for overweight/obese adults is to lose fat mass while preserving lean mass to prevent the deleterious effects of inactivity and age-related metabolic diseases.Although numerous studies have manipulated combinations of diet and/or exercise training to promote weight loss, the optimal diet to improve body composition remains controversial. Furthermore, the composition of tissue losses (i.e. fat versus lean mass) is not always examined and individual responses to weight loss interventions have, to date, received little scientific enquiry. Further, the success of a weight loss intervention should be determined not only acutely, but also in terms of its efficacy in maintaining body composition changes. This thesis comprised a series of independent but related studies that investigated the role of exercise and energy-restricted diets of varying macronutrient composition on the maintenance of skeletal muscle mass and body composition." -- Abstract.
Book Synopsis Current Physical Activity, Body Composition, and Bone Mineral Density and Quality in Women Across the Lifespan by : Gunnhildur Hinriksdóttir
Download or read book Current Physical Activity, Body Composition, and Bone Mineral Density and Quality in Women Across the Lifespan written by Gunnhildur Hinriksdóttir and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Relationship Between Body Composition and Bone Mineral Density in Women by : Pei-Yang Liu
Download or read book The Relationship Between Body Composition and Bone Mineral Density in Women written by Pei-Yang Liu and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: The relationship between body composition and bone mineral density in women. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between body composition (fat and lean mass), body weight, body mass index (BMI) and bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) in women across the age span. Methods: 1046 healthy Caucasian women (49.9 " 15.9 years old) were recruited and categorized to four age groups, ranging from 18 to 35 years old, 35 years to before the age of menopause, menopause to 65 years and over 65 years old. Each different age group was further categorized according to subjects' body mass index (BMI 25, BMI =25-30, and BMI 30). Measurements included anthropometrics, body composition and BMC/BMD by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Results: Subjects in the younger groups were taller, weight less and had greater total body BMC/BMD and BMD at spine, femoral neck, and total femur (p
