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The Effect Of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation On Mitochondrial Chanes And Neuroprotection In Chronic Celebral Hypoperfusion Induced Neurodegeneration In Rats
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Book Synopsis The Effect of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Mitochondrial Chanes and Neuroprotection in Chronic Celebral Hypoperfusion-induced Neurodegeneration in Rats by : Phoo Pwint Maw Khine
Download or read book The Effect of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Mitochondrial Chanes and Neuroprotection in Chronic Celebral Hypoperfusion-induced Neurodegeneration in Rats written by Phoo Pwint Maw Khine and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurodegeneration is highly associated with oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction that are initiated by reduced cerebral blood flow in aging process. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common neurodegenerative disorder that has huge impact on societies and prevalence of this disease is rising rapidly without curative treatment. Permanent, bilateral common carotid arteries ligation (2 vessels occlusion-2VO) animal model has been established to study neurodegeneration, particularly Alzheimer’s disease which is correlated with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Coenzyme Q10 is a strong antioxidant and has been used in mitochondrial disorders and neurodegenerative disorders. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on mitochondrial changes and neuroprotection in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-induced neurodegeneration in 2VO model of rats. We studied the effect of CoQ10 on neuronal damage in the CA1 region of the dorsal hippocampus, oxidative stress level and mitochondrial morphological changes in pyramidal hippocampal cells. Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, each group having 7 rats (n=7). The groups were as follows: sham control (C), untreated 2VO (2VO), vehicle treated 2VO (2VO+V) and Coenzyme Q10 treated group (2VO+CoQ10). After 8 weeks of treatment with CoQ10 and vehicle, right hippocampal tissue was dissected out and examined for viable neuronal cells in CA1 region under light microscope, and left hippocampal tissue was examined for measurement of TBARS level, ultrastructural and mitochondrial morphological changes under transmission electron microscope (TEM). 2VO+CoQ10 group revealed significantly higher number of viable cells in CA1 region of hippocampus than 2VO and 2VO+V groups (p
Book Synopsis Assessment of Oxidative Stress Status and Neuroprotection by Vitamin E in Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion-induced Neurodegeneration in Rats by : Sayyada Sayeed
Download or read book Assessment of Oxidative Stress Status and Neuroprotection by Vitamin E in Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion-induced Neurodegeneration in Rats written by Sayyada Sayeed and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disorders of the cerebral circulation have been associated with various neurological illnesses in elderly. Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most eminent form of dementia, is an irremediable, escalating disorder characterized by gradual cell death in the hippocampus and the frontal cortex which in the long run leads to loss of intellectual abilities. A persistent reduction in regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) compromises memory and cognitive functions. To explicate the neuropathological consequences of a reduced CBF, a cognate condition has been created in rats by common carotid artery occlusion (2 vessel occlusion, 2VO). Oxidative stress, caused due to a disproportionate release of free radicals, has been associated with neuronal cell death in various regions of the brain. Enhanced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and perturbed antioxidant defenses determine the chemical changes in all cellular components resulting in their damage. The most promising strategy to mollify the effect of ROS-induced oxidative damage is through antioxidants. Vitamin E (Vit E), an effective lipid soluble antioxidant is speculated to break the propagation of the free radical chain reaction in the lipid part of the biological membrane and decrease lipid peroxidation which contributes to its antioxidant activity. After acclimatization, twenty four Sprague Dawley rats weighing 200-250 g were equally divided into three groups. Group A - sham control, Group B - 2VO, and Group C - 2VO+E (treated daily with Vit E, 100 mg/kg, orally following 2VO). On the 8th week, all the rats were euthanized and the hippocampi were isolated. Viable neuronal cell count in the hippocampal region was estimated. The Isoprostane F2 (F2-IsoPs) levels were deliberated in the brain homogenates to quantify the oxidative stress status. There was significant difference in neuronal cell death in 2VO group in comparison to the sham group. In 2VO+E rats, the viable neuronal cell count of the hippocampal region was significantly higher (p
Book Synopsis Cerebral Small Vessel Disease by : Leonardo Pantoni
Download or read book Cerebral Small Vessel Disease written by Leonardo Pantoni and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-05 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Up-to-date discussion of the etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of this common cause of stroke and cognitive impairment.
Book Synopsis Primer on Cerebrovascular Diseases by : K. Michael Welch
Download or read book Primer on Cerebrovascular Diseases written by K. Michael Welch and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1997-04-24 with total page 855 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Primer on Cerebrovascular Diseases is a handy reference source for scientists, students, and physicians needing reliable, up-to-date information on basic mechanisms, physiology, pathophysiology, and medical issues related to brain vasculature. The book consists of short, specific chapters written by international experts on cerebral vasculature, and presents the information in a comprehensive and easily accessible manner. The book also contains valuable information on practical applications of basic research. Presents topics in a comprehensive and accessible format Written by international authorities on cerebral vasculature Provides practical applications for researchers
Book Synopsis The Handbook of Neuroprotection by : Kewal K. Jain
Download or read book The Handbook of Neuroprotection written by Kewal K. Jain and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-15 with total page 857 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fully revised edition explores the management of neurological disorders with a focus on neuroprotection, disease modification, and neuroregeneration rather than symptomatic treatment. Since the publication of the first edition, advances in biotechnology, particularly in cell and gene therapies, are reflected in this volume, as are numerous new and repurposed drugs in clinical trials. Overall, The Handbook of Neuroprotection serves as a comprehensive review of neuroprotection based on knowledge of the molecular basis of disorders of the central nervous system. In-depth and authoritative, The Handbook of Neuroprotection, Second Edition features a compendium of vital knowledge aimed at providing researchers with an essential reference for this key neurological area of study.
Book Synopsis Brain Repair After Stroke by : Steven C. Cramer
Download or read book Brain Repair After Stroke written by Steven C. Cramer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-10-28 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing evidence identifies the possibility of restoring function to the damaged brain via exogenous therapies. One major target for these advances is stroke, where most patients can be left with significant disability. Treatments have the potential to improve the victim's quality of life significantly and reduce the time and expense of rehabilitation. Brain Repair After Stroke reviews the biology of spontaneous brain repair after stroke in animal models and in humans. Detailed chapters cover the many forms of therapy being explored to promote brain repair and consider clinical trial issues in this context. This book provides a summary of the neurobiology of innate and treatment-induced repair mechanisms after hypoxia and reviews the state of the art for human therapeutics in relation to promoting behavioral recovery after stroke. Essential reading for stroke physicians, neurologists, rehabilitation physicians and neuropsychologists.
Book Synopsis Jasper's Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies by : Jeffrey Noebels
Download or read book Jasper's Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies written by Jeffrey Noebels and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2012-06-29 with total page 1258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jasper's Basic Mechanisms, Fourth Edition, is the newest most ambitious and now clinically relevant publishing project to build on the four-decade legacy of the Jasper's series. In keeping with the original goal of searching for "a better understanding of the epilepsies and rational methods of prevention and treatment.", the book represents an encyclopedic compendium neurobiological mechanisms of seizures, epileptogenesis, epilepsy genetics and comordid conditions. Of practical importance to the clinician, and new to this edition are disease mechanisms of genetic epilepsies and therapeutic approaches, ranging from novel antiepileptic drug targets to cell and gene therapies.
Book Synopsis Drug Design and Discovery in Alzheimer’s Disease by : Atta-ur Rahman
Download or read book Drug Design and Discovery in Alzheimer’s Disease written by Atta-ur Rahman and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-06-27 with total page 785 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drug Design and Discovery in Alzheimer’s Disease includes expert reviews of recent developments in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and neurodegenerative disease research. Originally published by Bentham as Frontiers in Drug Design and Discovery, Volume 6and now distributed by Elsevier, this compilation of the sixteen articles, written by leading global researchers, focuses on key developments in the understanding of the disease at molecular levels, identification and validation of molecular targets, as well as innovative approaches towards drug discovery, development, and delivery. Beginning with an overview of AD pharmacotherapy and existing blockbuster drugs, the reviews cover the potential of both natural and synthetic small molecules; the role of cholinesterases in the on-set and progression of AD and their inhibition; the role of beta-site APP clearing enzyme-1 (BACE-1) in the production of ß-amyloid proteins, one of the key reasons of the progression of AD; and other targets identified for AD drug discovery. Edited and written by leading experts in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative disease drug development Describes existing drugs for AD and current molecular understanding of the condition Reviews recent advances in the field, including coverage of cholinesterases, BACE-1, and other drug development targets
Book Synopsis Neurodegenerative Diseases by : Shamim I. Ahmad
Download or read book Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Shamim I. Ahmad and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-03-12 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The editor of this volume, having research interests in the field of ROS production and the damage to cellular systems, has identified a number of enzymes showing ·OH scavenging activities details of which are anticipated to be published in the near future as confirmatory experiments are awaited. It is hoped that the information presented in this book on NDs will stimulate both expert and novice researchers in the field with excellent overviews of the current status of research and pointers to future research goals. Clinicians, nurses as well as families and caregivers should also benefit from the material presented in handling and treating their specialised cases. Also the insights gained should be valuable for further understanding of the diseases at molecular levels and should lead to development of new biomarkers, novel diagnostic tools and more effective therapeutic drugs to treat the clinical problems raised by these devastating diseases.
Book Synopsis Surgically Treated Intracerebral Haemorrhage by : Lovisa Tobieson
Download or read book Surgically Treated Intracerebral Haemorrhage written by Lovisa Tobieson and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2019-04-17 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mortality and morbidity of intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is excessively high, and the case fatality rate has not improved in the last decades. Although surgery for ICH can be life-saving, no positive effect on functional outcome has been found in large cohorts of ICH patients. Increased understanding of the pathophysiology of ICH is needed to develop improved treatment strategies. In 17 ICH patients, paired cerebral microdialysis (CMD) catheters were inserted in the perihaemorrhagic zone (PHZ) and in normal uninjured cortex at time of surgery. Despite normalisation of cerebral blood flow, a persistent metabolic crisis indicative of mitochondrial dysfunction was detected in the PHZ. This metabolic pattern was not observed in the uninjured cortex. CMD was also used to sample proteins for proteomic analysis. A distinct proteome profile that changed over time was found in the PHZ when compared to the seemingly normal, uninjured cortex. However, protein adsorption to CMD membranes, which may interfere with concentration measurements, was substantial. Surgical treatment of 578 ICH patients was analysed in a nation-wide retrospective multi-centre study in Sweden over five years. Patients selected for surgery had similar age, pre-operative level of consciousness and co-morbidity profiles, but ICH volume and the proportion of deep-seated ICH differed among the six neurosurgical centres. Furthermore, there was variability in the post-operative care, including the use and duration of intracranial pressure monitoring, cerebrospinal fluid drainage and mechanical ventilation. In conclusion, the results of this thesis show that: (i) Despite surgical removal of an ICH a metabolic crisis caused by mitochondrial dysfunction, a potential future therapeutic target, persists in the perihaemorrhagic zone. (ii-iii) CMD is a valuable tool in ICH research for sampling novel biomarkers using proteomics, which may aid in the development of improved therapeutic interventions. However, caveats of the technique, such as protein adsorption to the CMD membrane, must be considered. (iv) The nation-wide study illustrates similar clinical features in patients selected for ICH surgery, but substantial variability in ICH volume and location as well as neurocritical care strategies among Swedish neurosurgical centres. Development of refined clinical guidelines may reduce such intercentre variability and lead to improved functional outcome for ICH patients.
Download or read book Food Bioactives written by Munish Puri and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-04-07 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on various types of bioactive compounds, including secondary metabolites, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, flavonoids, peptides/proteins, carotenoid pigments, quinones, terpenes, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, and presents an overview of their nutraceutical activities. It covers the current status and future potential of food compounds, as well as extraction technologies for bioactives derived from plant, fungi and marine-derived bioactive agents. Finally, health-promoting effects of plant, fungi and marine-derived bioactive agents are discussed. Chapters come from top researchers in this area from around the globe. The volume caters to the needs of undergraduate and post-graduate students in the area of food biotechnology, food bioprocessing, biotechnology, food engineering, etc., and also contains information pertinent to researchers.
Book Synopsis Acute Perinatal Asphyxia in Term Infants by : Linda L. Wright
Download or read book Acute Perinatal Asphyxia in Term Infants written by Linda L. Wright and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1997-07 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews the current knowledge of the definition & diagnosis of acute perinatal asphyxia in term infants in order to develop operational & specific criteria to be tested in new studies. Summarized information currently available on this topic. Contents: scientific basis of brain injury in acute perinatal asphyxia; clinical assessment -- obstetrics; clinical assessment -- neonatal; interventions (conventional management; neuronal rescue & neuronal prohylaxis; glutamate antagonists, calcium channel blockers & Allopurinol); clinical studies of long-term outcome; clinical research. Charts & tables.
Book Synopsis Neuropsychology of Cardiovascular Disease by : Shari R. Waldstein
Download or read book Neuropsychology of Cardiovascular Disease written by Shari R. Waldstein and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2015-02-11 with total page 675 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States and most westernized nations. Both CVDs and their risk factors confer substantial risk for stroke and dementia, but are also associated with more subtle changes in brain structure and function and cognitive performance prior to such devastating clinical outcomes. It has been suggested that there exists a continuum of brain abnormalities and cognitive difficulties associated with increasingly severe manifestations of cardiovascular risk factors and diseases that precede vascular cognitive impairment and may ultimately culminate in stroke or dementia. This second edition examines the relations of a host of behavioral and biomedical risk factors, in addition to subclinical and clinical CVDs, to brain and cognitive function. Associations with dementia and pre-dementia cognitive performance are reported, described, and discussed with a focus on underlying brain mechanisms. Future research agendas are suggested, and clinical implications are considered. The volume is a resource for professionals and students in neuropsychology, behavioral medicine, neurology, cardiology, cardiovascular and behavioral epidemiology, gerontology, geriatric medicine, nursing, adult developmental psychology, and for other physicians and health care professionals who work with patients with, or at risk for, CVDs.
Book Synopsis Advances in Geroscience by : Felipe Sierra
Download or read book Advances in Geroscience written by Felipe Sierra and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-10 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the first comprehensive overview of a new scientific discipline termed Geroscience. Geroscience examines the molecular and cellular mechanisms that might explain why aging is the main risk factor for most chronic diseases affecting the elderly population. Over the past few decades, researchers have made impressive progress in understanding the genetics, biology and physiology of aging. This book presents vital research that can help readers to better understand how aging is a critical malleable risk factor in most chronic diseases, which, in turn, could lead to interventions that can help increase a healthy lifespan, or ‘healthspan.’ The book begins with an analysis of the Geroscience hypothesis, as well as the epidemiological underpinnings that define aging as a candidate main risk factor for most chronic diseases. Next, each chapter focuses on one particular disease, or group of diseases, with an emphasis on how basic molecular and cellular biology might explain why aging is a major risk factor for it. Coverage in the book includes: cancer, cardiovascular disease, dementias, stroke, Parkinson's and Alzheimer’s diseases, osteoporosis, arthritis, diabetes asthma, emphysema, kidney disease, vision impairment, and AIDS/HIV. It finishes with a chapter on pain in the elderly and an overview of future steps needed to bring the newly acquired knowledge into the clinic and the public at large.
Book Synopsis Reconstructive Neurosurgery by : Wen-Ta Chiu
Download or read book Reconstructive Neurosurgery written by Wen-Ta Chiu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-01-22 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International experts present in this volume advances in reconstructive neurosurgery focusing on the fields of neurotrauma and neurodegenerative disorders. The highlights include building an international strategy for risk reduction, documentating an multidisciplinary approach towards restoration of function in paraplegic spinal cord-injured patients, describing a new approach for statistical analysis in traumatic brain injury trials, describing blood flow changes in diffuse brain injury, discussing rehabilitation programs in Germany following acute brain injury, describing research data form Taiwan on neurotrauma, showing the neuropsychiatric effects from deep brain stimuation fro ovement disorders, difining the role played by imanging for deep brain stimulation targeting in mental illness, using radiosurgery in decompresssion in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia, describing the development of radiosurgery from brain to the spine, listing new transgenic animal models of Parkinson's disease, discussing gene therapy for neuropathic pain and Parkinson's disease, and finally, discussing constrained-induced movement therapy fro stroke patients, and endovascular therapy for cerebrovenous disorders.
Book Synopsis Geriatric Anesthesiology by : Jeffrey Silverstein
Download or read book Geriatric Anesthesiology written by Jeffrey Silverstein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-04-16 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geriatric anesthesia is a rapidly growing and evolving field and this is the major revision of a classic anesthesia reference. The last few years have seen significant advancements and important new modalities for addressing the needs of an aging population. The editors of this second edition are uniquely situated to put together a text highlighting both essential knowledge and recent breakthroughs of importance to all who work with the elderly. This edition easily maintains the high standard for quality scholarship and useful material set by the first.
Book Synopsis Neurodegenerative Diseases by : Philip Beart
Download or read book Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Philip Beart and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-03 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a timely overview of critical advances in molecular and cellular neurobiology, covers key methodologies driving progress, and highlights key future directions for research on neuronal injury and neurodegeneration relevant to neuronal brain pathologies. The editors bring together contributions from internationally recognized workers in the field to provide an up to date account of how and why molecular and cellular neurobiology is such an important area for clinical neuroscience. Understanding the molecular aspects of a number of neurodegenerative conditions such as Parkinson's or Alzheimer's disease for the purpose of improving patient management remains a major challenge of neurobiology be it from the basic or clinical perspective. A strategic evaluation of research contributions and the power of modern methods will help advance knowledge over the next years.
