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Author : David LLoyd Biles
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)
Download or read book The Effect of Ambient Temperature on Cardiovascular Drift During Prolonged Exercise written by David LLoyd Biles and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Anne Mulholland
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (131 download)
Download or read book Effect of Work-To-Rest Cycles on Cardiovascular Drift and Maximal Oxygen Uptake During Heat Stress written by Anne Mulholland and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cardiovascular (CV) strain, indexed as CV drift-a progressive increase in heart rate (HR) and decrease in stroke volume (SV) during prolonged exercise-is exacerbated by environmental heat stress and is accompanied by a decrease in maximal work capacity (V? O 2max ). To attenuate CV strain, work:rest ratios have been recommended by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Whether these guidelines sufficiently mitigate CV drift and preserve V? O 2max is unknown. PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis that during moderate work (201-300 kcal/h) in hot conditions [indoor wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGTin )=29 ℗ʻC] utilizing the recommended 45:15 work:rest ratio, CV drift will 0́8accumulate' over time, and the magnitude of accumulated CV drift will be proportional to decrements in V? O 2max after 120 min. METHODS: Eight subjects [5 women; (mean℗łSD) age=25℗ł5 y; body mass=74.8℗ł11.6 kg; V? O 2max =42.9℗ł5.6 mL/kg/min] completed 3 sessions on different days. The first visit involved measurement of V? O 2max (WBGTin =18.1℗ł1.2 ℗ʻC). The following 2 experimental trials were counterbalanced (WBGTin =29.0℗ł0.6 ℗ʻC). Moderate work was achieved by 2.5 min of arm curls (4.5 kg at 20/min) and 20 min of walking (V? O 2 =1.00́31.1 L/min) on a treadmill, repeated once for a total of 45 min of work, and then followed by 15 min of seated rest. HR and SV were measured at 15 and 45 min of each work bout to evaluate CV drift. The 120-min trial consisted of 2 full work-rest cycles followed by measurement of V? O 2max ; the 15-min trial replicated the first 15 min of the 120-min visit followed by measurement of V? O 2max and was necessary to measure V? O 2max before CV drift occurred. RESULTS: CV drift accumulated between 15 and 105 min: HR increased 16.7% (18℗ł9 bpm, P=0.004) and SV decreased 16.9% (-12.3℗ł5.9 mL, P=0.003), but iii V? O 2max was not affected after 2 full work-rest cycles (P=0.14). Core body temperature increased by 0.5℗ł0.2 ℗ʻC (P=0.006) over 2 h. CONCLUSION: Although CV drift occurred after two 45:15 work:rest cycles, V? O 2max was unaffected. Work capacity is preserved during 2 hours of work in the heat with rest cycles patterned like those in this study, but CV and thermal strain persist unabated
Author : James Dallas Shaffrath
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)
Download or read book The Effects of Airflow and Workload on Cardiovascular Drift and Skin Blood Flow During Prolonged Exercise written by James Dallas Shaffrath and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Alan Denis Claremont
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 506 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book The Effects of Temperature on Metabolism During Prolonged Exercise written by Alan Denis Claremont and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Ricardo Gustavo Fritzsche
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 378 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (423 download)
Download or read book Cardiovascular drift during prolonged exercise written by Ricardo Gustavo Fritzsche and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Tracy Dottori
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (872 download)
Download or read book The Effects of Ambient Temperature on Post-exercise Blood Pressure written by Tracy Dottori and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the cardiovascular changes associated with dynamic exercise have been investigated, there still remain many unanswered questions with respect to blood pressure following exercise. This study examined the effect of temperature on systolic (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), oxygen consumption $\rm(VO\sb2),$ and skin temperature (Tsk) in 10 healthy, young males (23-28 years of age), during a 60-minute supine post-exercise recovery period. On separate occasions, 20 minutes of treadmill exercise at heart rate of 140 beats per minute, preceded a 60-minute recovery period in a supine position conducted at either $\rm18\sp\circ C,\ 27\sp\circ C,\ or\ 40\sp\circ C.$ Results indicated that mean SBP was significantly more above baseline values at $\rm18\sp\circ C$ than at either $\rm27\sp\circ C\ or\ 40\sp\circ C.$ However, no significant difference in SBP was observed between recovery at $\rm27\sp\circ C\ and\ 40\sp\circ C.$ Also, no significant differences were observed among the three conditions for mean DBP. HR decreased progressively during recovery but remained above baseline values, except at $\rm18\sp\circ C$. No significant differences among recovery conditions were observed for $\rm VO\sb2.$ Mean skin temperatures were significantly different among the three recovery conditions except immediately upon entering the chamber. It was concluded that recovery at $\rm18\sp\circ C$ maintained post-exercise SBP above baseline values while $\rm27\sp\circ C\ and\ 40\sp\circ$C caused a decrease in post-exercise SBP with respect to baseline values. DBP and $\rm VO\sb2$ during recovery were not influenced by temperature. HR decreased gradually post-exercise with the lowest HR observed during cold exposure. Therefore, for the conditions of this experiment temperature had a significant effect on SBP, HR and skin temperature all of which effectively appeared to be associated with peripheral vasodilation/constriction mechanisms.
Author : Ethan Nadel
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323160980
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (231 download)
Download or read book Problems with Temperature Regulation During Exercise written by Ethan Nadel and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Problems with Temperature Regulation during Exercise covers the proceedings of the 1976 Problems of Temperature Regulation during Exercise symposium in conjunction with the American College of Sports Medicine meeting, held in Anaheim, California. This book contains seven chapters that consider the various aspects of a specialized problem within the broader area of temperature regulation and exercise physiology. After briefly providing an overview of the temperature regulation during exercise, this text goes on discussing the physical means by which heat is transferred both within the body and between the body and its environment. These topics are followed by a presentation of the physiological systems that control the rates of heat transfer. The subsequent chapters examine the conditions in which the controlling systems are limited in their abilities to transfer heat and to adapt in their capabilities. The remaining chapters explore the specific influences that enhance heat dissipation mechanisms at a given level of central thermoregulatory drive. This work is of great benefit to circulatory physiologists and biophysicists.
Author : Marianne Gimble
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (33 download)
Download or read book The Effects of Ambient Heat During Exercise on Recovery Oxygen Consumption Kinetics and Resting Metabolic Rate written by Marianne Gimble and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Tracy Dottori
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (872 download)
Download or read book The Effects of Ambient Temperature on Post-exercise Blood Pressure written by Tracy Dottori and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the cardiovascular changes associated with dynamic exercise have been investigated, there still remain many unanswered questions with respect to blood pressure following exercise. This study examined the effect of temperature on systolic (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), oxygen consumption $\rm(VO\sb2), $ and skin temperature (Tsk) in 10 healthy, young males (23-28 years of age), during a 60-minute supine post-exercise recovery period. On separate occasions, 20 minutes of treadmill exercise at heart rate of 140 beats per minute, preceded a 60-minute recovery period in a supine position conducted at either $\rm18\sp\circ C, \ 27\sp\circ C, \ or\ 40\sp\circ C.$ Results indicated that mean SBP was significantly more above baseline values at $\rm18\sp\circ C$ than at either $\rm27\sp\circ C\ or\ 40\sp\circ C.$ However, no significant difference in SBP was observed between recovery at $\rm27\sp\circ C\ and\ 40\sp\circ C.$ Also, no significant differences were observed among the three conditions for mean DBP. HR decreased progressively during recovery but remained above baseline values, except at $\rm18\sp\circ C$. No significant differences among recovery conditions were observed for $\rm VO\sb2.$ Mean skin temperatures were significantly different among the three recovery conditions except immediately upon entering the chamber. It was concluded that recovery at $\rm18\sp\circ C$ maintained post-exercise SBP above baseline values while $\rm27\sp\circ C\ and\ 40\sp\circ$C caused a decrease in post-exercise SBP with respect to baseline values. DBP and $\rm VO\sb2$ during recovery were not influenced by temperature. HR decreased gradually post-exercise with the lowest HR observed during cold exposure. Therefore, for the conditions of this experiment temperature had a significant effect on SBP, HR and skin temperature all of which effectively appeared to be associated with peripheral vasodilation/constriction mechanisms.
Author : David L. Grimes
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (53 download)
Download or read book Effects of Temperature, Airflow and Work Rate on Cardiac Output written by David L. Grimes and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Charles P. Katica
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 86 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (88 download)
Download or read book Precooling and Exercise Capacity During Heat Stress written by Charles P. Katica and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vigorous exercise in a hot and humid environment can substantially impair exercise performance and exercise capacity compared to moderate temperature conditions. Cycling requires high force generation and consequently utilizes a high rate of energy expenditure and often takes place during the hot summer months, which also contributes to heat storage and a rise in core temperature during exercise. There are several factors that could affect exercise performance, however, one explanation for the decrease in exercise performance while working in the heat is the strain put on the cardiovascular system. Part of this strain involves cardiovascular drift (CV drift), defined as a steady increase in heart rate (HR) and a decrease in stroke volume (SV) that occur during an extended bout of constant-rate, submaximal exercise [50-75% of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max)]. Precooling has been shown in previous studies to diminish cardiovascular strain and thus, improve exercise performance during prolonged exercise lasting between 15 - 45 min in hot ambient temperatures. In order to evaluate the effects of precooling on cycling performance, two studies and a literature review were conducted. The first study evaluated the effects of 20 min of precooling the upper body (torso, head and neck) during an active warm-up, followed by a 15-km simulated time trial. The second study evaluated the effects on CV drift following 20 min of whole body (calve, thigh, torso, neck and head) precooling. Healthy and physically active male cyclists were recruited for both of the studies. A repeated measures, counterbalanced design was used for both of the studies. For both studies, the effect of pre-cooling on time trial performance and CV drift showed very limited differences between the cooling intervention and the control trials. The method of cooling used in both trials may not be the best way to truly decrease the core temperature enough to elicit a true ergogenic effect in time trial pace cycling and CV drift. More research looking at a practical and convenient way of cooling cyclists before exercising in the heat is warranted.
Author : Tori Stone
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (131 download)
Download or read book Cardiovascular Drift and Maximal Oxygen Uptake During Heat Stress in Women written by Tori Stone and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During prolonged constant-rate exercise, heart rate and stroke volume progressively increase and decrease, respectively, characterizing cardiovascular (CV) drift. CV drift is greater when driven by hyperthermia and generally results in proportional decreases in maximal oxygen uptake (♭́2O2max). Less is known about CV drift and decrements in ♭́2O2max in women because nearly all studies on this topic focused on men. This dissertation determined the effects of hormonal status, fitness level, and sudomotor function on CV drift and ♭́2O2max in women. In 3 separate studies, CV drift was measured during 45 min of cycling in 35 ℗ʻC, immediately followed by measurement of ♭́2O2max. ♭́2O2max also was measured after 15 min in a separate trial to assess changes in ♭́2O2max over the same time interval that CV drift occurred. Study 1 compared follicular (FP) and luteal phases (LP) of the menstrual cycle during exercise at 60% ♭́2O2max. Resting and exercise core temperatures (Tre) were higher in LP, but increases during exercise (Î4Tre) were similar to FP, so the CV drift/♭́2O2max relationship was not modulated by phase. Study 2 compared high-fit (HI) and low-fit (LO) women during exercise at 60% ♭́2O2max (REL) and 500 W of metabolic heat production (FIXED). During REL, heat production and Î4Tre were significantly greater in HI versus LO, as were magnitudes of CV drift and decrements in ♭́2O2max. During FIXED, heat production, Î4Tre, CV drift, and ♭́2O2max were similar between groups. Study 3 compared women to men during exercise at 500 W of metabolic heat production. For women, sweating plateaued and accelerated Î4Tre compared to men, but differences in CV drift and ♭́2O2max were not statistically discernible between sexes. In conclusion, the relationship between CV drift and ♭́2O2max during heat stress does not change across the menstrual cycle and is not affected by fitness level, independent of metabolic heat production. The relationship is similar between men and women during 45 min of exercise at the same, relatively high load.
Author : James Duncan MacDougall
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Circulatory Adaptations to Hyperthermia Encountered During Prolonged Heavy Exercise written by James Duncan MacDougall and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Julien D. Périard
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319935151
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)
Download or read book Heat Stress in Sport and Exercise written by Julien D. Périard and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-06 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is designed to provide a flowing description of the physiology of heat stress, the illnesses associated with heat exposure, recommendations on optimising health and performance, and an examination of Olympic sports played in potentially hot environmental conditions. In the first section the book examines how heat stress effects performance by outlining the basics of thermoregulation and how these responses impact on cardiovascular, central nervous system, and skeletal muscle function. It also outlines the pathophysiology and treatment of exertional heat illness, as well as the role of hydration status during exercise in the heat. Thereafter, countermeasures (e.g. cooling and heat acclimation) are covered and an explanation as to how they may aid in decreasing the incidence of heat illness and minimise the impairment in performance is provided. A novel and particular feature of the book is its inclusion of sport-specific chapters in which the influence of heat stress on performance and health is described, as well as strategies and policies adopted by the governing bodies in trying to offset the deleterious role of thermal strain. Given the breadth and scope of the sections, the book will be a reference guide for clinicians, practitioners, coaches, athletes, researchers, and students.
Author : Matthew Stueck Ganio
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (388 download)
Download or read book Effect of Ambient Temperature and Caffeine on Performance, Metabolic, Cardiovascular, Endocrine, Hematological, Perceptual, and Mood Measures During Endurance Exercise written by Matthew Stueck Ganio and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : J. Hankey
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)
Download or read book The Effect of Prolonged Exercise and Environmental Temperature Upon Left Ventricular Function and Cardiac Biomarker Release written by J. Hankey and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Loring B. Rowell
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Human Circulation written by Loring B. Rowell and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1986 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here is the first single-volume work to analyze in a comprehensive manner the mechanisms by which the human cardiovascular system adjusts to physical stresses such as exercise, heat, upright posture, and hypoxia. Emphasizing the regulation of regional blood flow and blood volume, the work delineates the unique character of the human cardiovascular system and the regulatory problems it faces. It represents a timely response to the growing interest in cardiovascular health, exercise, and physical conditioning. In describing the basic mechanisms of vasomotor control, the author focuses on the interaction between the arterial and venous systems. He indicates how control of regional circulations interacts with control of venous volume and cardiac performance, showing how vasomotor and venomotor regulation serves the entire organism. This treatment redresses an imbalance in contemporary teaching of cardiovascular physiology which has focused more on the heart than on the vasculature. The book utilizes graphics imaginatively throughout to clarify concepts in a fresh and effective way. Features: * Analytical, quantitative, and problem oriented * Uniquely comprehensive; coverage extends from small blood vessel functioning to the entire system * Imaginatively illustrated, with exceptionally clear graphics that explain basic principles and controversial ideas * Original, new ideas on how peripheral circulation influences heart performance * Probes the upper limits of human cardiovascular function, their causes and how they change
