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The Economy Of Romania
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Book Synopsis The Romanian Economic Reform Program by : Mr.Dimitri G. Demekas
Download or read book The Romanian Economic Reform Program written by Mr.Dimitri G. Demekas and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1991-06-15 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper outlines the main characteristics and the development of the centrally planned economic sysetm in Romania before the beginnings of the transition to a market eonomy it then presents the design, objectives, and implementation of the reform program.
Book Synopsis The Romanian Economy in the Twentieth Century by : David Turnock
Download or read book The Romanian Economy in the Twentieth Century written by David Turnock and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1986 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Markets and People written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2020-02-10 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Romania’s income per capita has increased from 26 percent of the EU-28 average in 2000 to 63 percent in 2017, but this economic success rests on the wobbly foundations of unfavorable demographics, weak human capital, and ineffective institutions. Going forward, stronger competition and better human capital are critical to increasing the economy’s growth potential. Romanian manufacturing ï¬?rms are exposed to domestic and international competition, ensuring the flow of resources and market shares to more efï¬?cient players. This has not been the case for services, where anticompetitive regulations and direct state control often limit efï¬?ciency gains. Romanian state-owned enterprises do not compete on an equal footing with private sector ï¬?rms, distorting market outcomes and hampering the efï¬?cient allocation of resources. Removal of these restrictions would have a signiï¬?cant positive impact on GDP growth. Competitively neutral policies are needed to ensure that all enterprises, public or private, domestic or foreign, face the same set of rules. Romania’s human capital accumulation--proxied by the World Bank’s Human Capital Index (HCI)--is the lowest in the European Union and varies widely across counties. Disparities in education outcomes remain relevant across and within regions of Romania. Learning gaps in primary and secondary education persist. These can be seen clearly between urban and rural areas, across regions, and across social groups, requiring changes both at the systems level and at the learning-center level. In the labor market, the automation of production processes has started driving demand for higher levels of cognitive skills, while jobs involving the routine application of procedural knowledge are shrinking in number. A paradigm shift would require reforms in primary and secondary schooling, in addition to more targeted actions, to establish an effective skills development system to bolster human capital.
Book Synopsis Romania's Economic History by : N. N. Constantinescu
Download or read book Romania's Economic History written by N. N. Constantinescu and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Economy of Romania: How it Compares to Other Centrally-Planned Economies in Eastern Europe by : Grace Marie Charney
Download or read book The Economy of Romania: How it Compares to Other Centrally-Planned Economies in Eastern Europe written by Grace Marie Charney and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis is an examination of the Romanian economy. It begins with a basic description of socialist economies, outlining characteristics and procedures common to many socialist economies. For purpose of comparison, the next section cites recent economic information of Eastern European socialist countries other than Romania. The section on Romania compares its economy to the socialist model; describes its formal structure, composition, and distribution; and identifies trade relations. It traces the development of the economy through the seven five-year plans from 1951-1985. It then highlights economic events that reflect dissent in Romania and economic reform programs. Useful definitions, tabular examples of Romanian trade, graphic displays of economic features, and the text of the 1975 Helsinki Agreement which galvanized East European dissent movements are included in the appendices. Keywords include: Romania; economy; Communist party; development; economic policy; industrialization; politics; COMICON; Eastern Europe; International trade; and agriculture Ceauseseu.
Book Synopsis The Economy of Romania by : M. A. Lupu
Download or read book The Economy of Romania written by M. A. Lupu and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monograph on the economy of Romania - gives historical background up to 1944, covers economic development in the light of socialist ideology, economic policy, industrialization, the reorganisation and modernisation of agriculture, foreign trade growth, the improvement of the standard of living, etc. Statistical tables.
Author :Luminita Chivu Publisher :Peter Lang Gmbh, Internationaler Verlag Der Wissenschaften ISBN 13 :9783631792056 Total Pages :0 pages Book Rating :4.7/5 (92 download)
Book Synopsis The Romanian Economy. a Century of Transformation (1918-2018) by : Luminita Chivu
Download or read book The Romanian Economy. a Century of Transformation (1918-2018) written by Luminita Chivu and published by Peter Lang Gmbh, Internationaler Verlag Der Wissenschaften. This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book contains researchers' scientific statements and ideas covering the stages of the evolution of the Romanian economy and society during the one hundred years since the Great Union and the representation of Romania in European and world context, with a special focus on sectoral problems.
Book Synopsis Basic Data on the Economy of Romania by : Michael H. Goldman
Download or read book Basic Data on the Economy of Romania written by Michael H. Goldman and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Doing Business 2020 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2019-11-21 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seventeen in a series of annual reports comparing business regulation in 190 economies, Doing Business 2020 measures aspects of regulation affecting 10 areas of everyday business activity.
Book Synopsis The Romanian Economic Reform Program by : Mr.Dimitri G. Demekas
Download or read book The Romanian Economic Reform Program written by Mr.Dimitri G. Demekas and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1991-08-01 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the start of the process of its transition to a market economy in early 1990, Romania joined the ranks of other reforming Eastern European countries. At the starting point of its reform program, however, Romania was in a deep economic and institutional crisis and had no experience in even modest attempts to reform its economy. This paper outlines the main characteristics of the Romanian economic system before the reform, and presents the evolution of the reform program, as well as its achievements in the first year or so since it was launched.
Book Synopsis Deindustrialization and Reindustrialization in Romania by : Luminița Chivu
Download or read book Deindustrialization and Reindustrialization in Romania written by Luminița Chivu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-26 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses the multidimensional condition of the Romanian industrial landscape, which played host to a multitude of demo-economic, financial, trade, and trans- and inter-sectoral development practices before the intense period of European deindustrialisation. The authors stress the need to recognise the economic importance of industry and renewed investment in infrastructure, tracing its impact on GDP, growth and labour productivity. With a focus on R&D, technological innovations and government funding, this volume highlights a strategy for the reindustrialisation, with consistent enablers, of Romania that can also be applied to other EU countries to ensure positive economic development in the context of new European and international policies. Awarded the prize for best book in Economics published in the academic year 2017-2018 by the Romanian Association of Economics Faculties (AFER).
Book Synopsis Economy of Romania by : Ivan Kushnir
Download or read book Economy of Romania written by Ivan Kushnir and published by Economy in Countries. This book was released on 2019-01-28 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book about the economy of Romania from the 1970s to the 2010s. Source data from UN Data.Size. In the 2010s, the gross domestic product of Romania was equal to $186.4 billion per year; the value of agriculture was $9.1 billion; the value of manufacturing was $39.2 billion. Since the share in the world is between .1% and 1%, the country is classified as an average economy.Productivity. In the 2010s, the gross domestic product per capita was $9 304.1, the value of agriculture per capita was $455.6, the value of manufacturing per capita was $1 957.8. Since the productivity is between the average of below average and the average, the economy is classified as developing.Growth. In the 2010s, the growth of gross domestic product was 2.8%; the growth of agriculture was 2.5%; the growth of manufacturing was 3.1%.Structure. In the 2010s, the economy of Romania consisted of: industry (49.0%), service (17.9%), agriculture (14.9%), construction (7.8%), trade (5.7%), and transportation (4.8%).Export and import. In the 2010s, the import was 6.7% higher than the export, the net import was equal to 2.6% of the GDP. The technological structure of export is better than the structure of import.Consumption and reproduction. The attitude of reproduction to the consumption is better than the global average, so the share of GDP in the world will increase.
Book Synopsis Development in Turbulent Times by : Paul Dobrescu
Download or read book Development in Turbulent Times written by Paul Dobrescu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-20 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book explores the most recent trends in the EU in terms of development, progress, and performance. Ten years after the 2008 economic crisis, and amidst a digital revolution that is intensifying the development race, the European Union, and especially Central and Eastern Europe, are ardently searching for their development priorities. Against this background, by relying on a cross-national perspective, the authors reflect upon the developmental challenges of the moment, such as sustainable development, reducing inequality, ensuring social cohesion, and driving the digital revolution. They particularly focus on the relation between the less-developed Eastern part of the EU and its more developed Western counterpart, and discuss the consequences of this development gap in detail. Lastly, the book presents a range of case studies from different areas of governance, such as economy and commerce, health services, education, migration and public opinion in order to investigate the trends most likely to impact the European Union's medium and long-term development.
Book Synopsis Romania Since 1989 by : Henry F. Carey
Download or read book Romania Since 1989 written by Henry F. Carey and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2004 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most comprehensive study of Romanian politics ever published abroad, this volume represents an effort to collect and analyze data on the complex problems of Romania's journey from sultanistic national communism to a yet-unreached democratic government.
Book Synopsis The Restructuring of Romania's Economy by : Raphael Shen
Download or read book The Restructuring of Romania's Economy written by Raphael Shen and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1997-11-20 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given the political, financial, social, and economic conditions inherited from Communist rule, Romania's new government concluded that a shock therapy approach to reform would create unmanageable chaos and enduring instability. Though committed to economic liberalization, decisionmakers espoused a gradualist approach to economic reform. The government pursued its objectives by implementing policies it considered functionally operational. Although Romania experienced the macro dislocations and downturns that are common in transitional economies in the region, the country sustained shallower recessions, lower inflationary spirals, and shorter production losses than many reforming economies. This study analyzes how, against calculated probabilities and within a relatively short time period, Romania has stabilized and assembled all the basic ingredients for a successful transformation from a centralized system to a market-driven economy. The lessons derivable from Romania's relatively successful experiment with systemic transformation could be beneficial to reform architects in all newly liberalized economies in Eastern Europe. The conclusions of this study reinforce the view that it is imperative to examine and foster the existing preconditions, including political, institutional, and financial components, before subjecting an economy to extensive and intensive shocks that could be judiciously mitigated or circumvented. Unlike other newly liberalized economies in Eastern Europe, where the once disgraced Communists have returned to power, sympathy for a centralized system has been steadily and swiftly declining in Romania. The primary factor in Romania's success, the author claims, is its circumspect approach to reform.
Book Synopsis Romania Under the Tyranny of Small Figures by : Ilie Șerbănescu
Download or read book Romania Under the Tyranny of Small Figures written by Ilie Șerbănescu and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ilie Serbanescu, a distinguished economist, launches a comprehensive study of the contemporary Romanian economy and its problems. He critically evaluates Romanian transition and the main issues facing the stability of the Romanian economy, and then proposes solutions to be undertaken by the Romanian government.
Download or read book Romania written by Michael Shafir and published by Burns & Oates. This book was released on 1985 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
