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The Dynamics Of Satellite And Dark Matter Halo Interactions On Galaxy Formation And Evolution
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Book Synopsis The Dynamics of Satellite and Dark Matter Halo Interactions on Galaxy Formation and Evolution by : Jun-Hwan Choi
Download or read book The Dynamics of Satellite and Dark Matter Halo Interactions on Galaxy Formation and Evolution written by Jun-Hwan Choi and published by ProQuest. This book was released on 2007 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Galaxy Formation and Evolution by : Houjun Mo
Download or read book Galaxy Formation and Evolution written by Houjun Mo and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-05-20 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapidly expanding field of galaxy formation lies at the interface between astronomy, particle physics, and cosmology. Covering diverse topics from these disciplines, all of which are needed to understand how galaxies form and evolve, this book is ideal for researchers entering the field. Individual chapters explore the evolution of the Universe as a whole and its particle and radiation content; linear and nonlinear growth of cosmic structure; processes affecting the gaseous and dark matter components of galaxies and their stellar populations; the formation of spiral and elliptical galaxies; central supermassive black holes and the activity associated with them; galaxy interactions; and the intergalactic medium. Emphasizing both observational and theoretical aspects, this book provides a coherent introduction for astronomers, cosmologists, and astroparticle physicists to the broad range of science underlying the formation and evolution of galaxies.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Galaxy Dynamics, Formation and Evolution by : Ignacio Ferreras
Download or read book Fundamentals of Galaxy Dynamics, Formation and Evolution written by Ignacio Ferreras and published by UCL Press. This book was released on 2019-04-02 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Galaxies, along with their underlying dark matter halos, constitute the building blocks of structure in the Universe. Of all fundamental forces, gravity is the dominant one that drives the evolution of structures from small density seeds at early times to the galaxies we see today. The interactions among myriads of stars, or dark matter particles, in a gravitating structure produce a system with fascinating connotations to thermodynamics, with some analogies and some fundamental differences. Ignacio Ferreras presents a concise introduction to extragalactic astrophysics, with emphasis on stellar dynamics, and the growth of density fluctuations in an expanding Universe. Additional chapters are devoted to smaller systems (stellar clusters) and larger ones (galaxy clusters). Fundamentals of Galaxy Dynamics, Formation and Evolution is written for advanced undergraduates and beginning postgraduate students, providing a useful tool to get up to speed in a starting research career. Some of the derivations for the most important results are presented in detail to enable students appreciate the beauty of maths as a tool to understand the workings of galaxies. Each chapter includes a set of problems to help the student advance with the material.
Book Synopsis The Formation and Survival of Disk Galaxies by : James E. Taylor
Download or read book The Formation and Survival of Disk Galaxies written by James E. Taylor and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dynamical evolution of substructure within dark matter halos is of central importance in determining many aspects of galaxy formation and galaxy evolution in cold dark matter cosmologies. The overall sequence in which the different stellar components of galaxies are assembled, the survival of galactic disks, the number of dwarf satellites orbiting giant galaxies, and the nature of stellar material in galactic halos all depend on the dynamics of halo substructure. In this thesis, I develop an analytic description of the evolution of substructure within a dark matter halo, and use it to construct a semi-analytic model of the formation and evolution of disk galaxies. Substructure within an individual halo is modelled as a set of distinct subhalos, orbiting in a smooth background. These subhalos evolve through three main processes: dynamical friction, tidal mass loss, and tidal heating. By including analytic descriptions of these three processes explicitly in a simple orbital integration scheme, it is possible to reproduce the results of high-resolution numerical simulations at a fraction of the computational expense. The properties of a subhalo can be estimated with an accuracy of 20%, until it has lost most of its mass or been disrupted. Using this description of satellite dynamics, I construct a semi-analytic model for the evolution of a galaxy or cluster halo. I show that this model reproduces the basic features of numerical simulations, and use it to investigate two major problems in current galaxy formation scenarios: the prediction of excessive substructure in galaxy halos, and the survival of galactic disks in halos filled with substructure. I show that the small number of dwarf galaxies observed in the Local Group can be explained by considering the effects of reionisation on star formation in small halos. The stellar luminosities predicted in this case match the observed luminosities of local satellites. The predicted spatial distribution, sizes and characteristic velocities of dwarf galaxies are also consistent with those observed locally. Many of these satellite galaxies are disrupted by tidal stripping or encounters. I investigate the properties of their debris, and show that its total mass and spatial distribution are similar to those of the stellar halo of the Milky Way. Furthermore, the stars in this debris are mainly old, satisfying another observational constraint on models of galaxy formation. Some satellites have been disrupted fairly recently, however, suggesting that coherent tidal streams may still be visible at the present day. Finally, I investigate the effects of encounters on the central disk within the main halo. I find that the rate of disruptive encounters drops off sharply after the galaxy is assembled, such that the typical disk has remained undisturbed for the past 8-10 billion years. Less disruptive encounters are more common, and disks are often heated as they re-form after their last disruption, producing components like the thick disk of the Milky Way. These results may resolve the long-standing uncertainty about disk ages in hierarchical, cold dark matter cosmologies. It is less clear whether the bulge-to-disk mass ratios predicted by the model, for the currently favoured LCDM cosmology, are consistent with observations. The relative mass of the bulge in typical disk galaxies may place an upper limit on the age of their stellar contents.
Book Synopsis Galaxy Formation and Mergers with Stars and Massive Black Holes by : Chi-hun Kim
Download or read book Galaxy Formation and Mergers with Stars and Massive Black Holes written by Chi-hun Kim and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While mounting observational evidence suggests the coevolution of galaxies and their embedded massive black holes (MBHs), a comprehensive astrophysical understanding which incorporates both galaxies and MBHs has been missing. To tackle the nonlinear processes of galaxy formation, we develop a state-of-the-art numerical framework which self-consistently models the interplay between galactic components: dark matter, gas, stars, and MBHs. Utilizing this physically motivated tool, we present an investigation of a massive star-forming galaxy hosting a slowly growing MBH in a cosmological LCDM simulation. The MBH feedback heats the surrounding gas and locally suppresses star formation in the galactic inner core. In simulations of merging galaxies, the high-resolution adaptive mesh allows us to observe widespread starbursts via shock-induced star formation, and the interplay between the galaxies and their embedding medium. Fast growing MBHs in merging galaxies drive more frequent and powerful jets creating sizable bubbles at the galactic centers. We conclude that the interaction between the interstellar gas, stars and MBHs is critical in understanding the star formation history, black hole accretion history, and cosmological evolution of galaxies. Expanding upon our extensive experience in galactic simulations, we are well poised to apply this tool to other challenging, yet highly rewarding tasks in contemporary astrophysics, such as high-redshift quasar formation.
Book Synopsis Satellite Dynamics in Dark Matter Halos by : Farbod Kamiab
Download or read book Satellite Dynamics in Dark Matter Halos written by Farbod Kamiab and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I have used an analytic model of tidal interactions to predict the evolution of a substructure in a static dark matter halo. Given the initial conditions of the satellite and background halo, the model predicts with high accuracy the mass loss of the satellite and also its density evolution. The main phenomena taken into account in the model are tidal truncation at the tidal radius of the satellite and heating due to tidal shocks at the pericenter of its orbit.
Book Synopsis Introduction to Galaxy Formation and Evolution by : Andrea Cimatti
Download or read book Introduction to Galaxy Formation and Evolution written by Andrea Cimatti and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-10-17 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive examination of nearly fourteen billion years of galaxy formation and evolution, from primordial gas to present-day galaxies.
Book Synopsis Merging Galaxies and Dark Matter Halos by : Andrew Rodger Wetzel
Download or read book Merging Galaxies and Dark Matter Halos written by Andrew Rodger Wetzel and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mergers between distinct objects are a natural part of hierarchical structure formation. Mergers are also one of the most critical elements in the evolution of both galaxies and halos. I use high-resolution, cosmological volume simulations to explore galaxy and halo evolution and merging activity in a cosmological context, including environmental dependence, merger rates and dynamics, and how these processes in halos connect with those of galaxies. I first explore halo merging and evolution, focusing on its interplay with large-scale environment. While halo spatial clustering has been thought to depend only on mass, I ex- amine how spatial clustering depends on secondary parameters such as halo formation time, concentration, and recent merger history, a phenomenon known as "assembly bias". Next, I examine the extent to which close spatial pairs of objects can be used to predict mergers, finding limited utility to the pair-merger method arising from a competition between merger efficiency and completeness. I also explore the dependence of merging on environmental density, discovering that merging is less efficient in overdense environments. I then investigate how a massive galaxy/halo population at high redshift connects to a massive population of the same number density today, finding that scatter in mass growth and mergers between massive objects preclude a direct population mapping either forward or backward in time. In the latter part of this work, I explore the dynamics and mergers of galaxies in groups and clusters. I first examine the orbital distributions of satellite halos/galaxies at the time of infall onto a more massive host halo, finding that satellite orbits become more radial and penetrate deeper at higher host halo mass and higher redshift. I then track the evolution of galaxies in groups directly, examining the merger rates of galaxies over time and finding that galaxy mergers do not simply trace halo mergers. I also examine the small-scale environments of galaxy mergers, discovering that recently merged galaxies exhibit enhanced small-scale spatial clustering for a short time after a merger. Finally, by using abundance matching to assign stellar mass to subhalos, I explore the importance of merging vs. disruption processes for satellite galaxy evolution. I rigorously test the connection of galaxies to subhalos by comparing simulations against observed galaxy spatial clustering, satellite fractions, and cluster satellite luminosity functions, finding agreement in all cases.
Book Synopsis Satellite Dynamics in Spiral Galaxies with Dark Matter Haloes by :
Download or read book Satellite Dynamics in Spiral Galaxies with Dark Matter Haloes written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study analyses the dynamical evolution of satellite galaxies in spirals embedded in a Dark Matter halo. The main goals of this Thesis have been: (i) The performance of a detailed theoretical analysis of dynamical friction, the main process that leads to satellite merging into the more massive parent galaxies and (ii) the influence that the asphericity of haloes induces on this process and the possible consequences on the observational satellite distribution.
Book Synopsis The Cosmic Century by : Malcolm S. Longair
Download or read book The Cosmic Century written by Malcolm S. Longair and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-06-15 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews the historical development of all the key areas of modern astrophysics.
Book Synopsis Star Formation in Galaxy Evolution: Connecting Numerical Models to Reality by : Nickolay Y. Gnedin
Download or read book Star Formation in Galaxy Evolution: Connecting Numerical Models to Reality written by Nickolay Y. Gnedin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-09-09 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the elaborated and updated versions of the 24 lectures given at the 43rd Saas-Fee Advanced Course. Written by four eminent scientists in the field, the book reviews the physical processes related to star formation, starting from cosmological down to galactic scales. It presents a detailed description of the interstellar medium and its link with the star formation. And it describes the main numerical computational techniques designed to solve the equations governing self-gravitating fluids used for modelling of galactic and extra-galactic systems. This book provides a unique framework which is needed to develop and improve the simulation techniques designed for understanding the formation and evolution of galaxies. Presented in an accessible manner it contains the present day state of knowledge of the field. It serves as an entry point and key reference to students and researchers in astronomy, cosmology, and physics.
Book Synopsis The Role of Halo Substructure in Gamma-Ray Dark Matter Searches by : Miguel A. Sánchez-Conde
Download or read book The Role of Halo Substructure in Gamma-Ray Dark Matter Searches written by Miguel A. Sánchez-Conde and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-05-28 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An important, open research topic today is to understand the relevance that dark matter halo substructure may have for dark matter searches. In the standard cosmological model, halo substructure or subhalos are predicted to be largely abundant inside larger halos, for example, galaxies such as ours, and are thought to form first and later merge to form larger structures. Dwarf satellite galaxies—the most massive exponents of halo substructure in our own galaxy—are already known to be excellent targets for dark matter searches, and indeed, they are constantly scrutinized by current gamma-ray experiments in the search for dark matter signals. Lighter subhalos not massive enough to have a visible counterpart of stars and gas may be good targets as well, given their typical abundances and distances. In addition, the clumpy distribution of subhalos residing in larger halos may boost the dark matter signals considerably. In an era in which gamma-ray experiments possess, for the first time, the exciting potential to put to test the preferred dark matter particle theories, a profound knowledge of dark matter astrophysical targets and scenarios is mandatory should we aim for accurate predictions of dark matter-induced fluxes for investing significant telescope observing time on selected targets and for deriving robust conclusions from our dark matter search efforts. In this regard, a precise characterization of the statistical and structural properties of subhalos becomes critical. In this Special Issue, we aim to summarize where we stand today on our knowledge of the different aspects of the dark matter halo substructure; to identify what are the remaining big questions, and how we could address these; and, by doing so, to find new avenues for research.
Download or read book The Dark Universe written by Mario Livio and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-02-26 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents especially written articles by a host of world experts working on all aspects of dark matter and theories of gravity. This is an indispensable collection of review articles for researchers and graduate students.
Book Synopsis Galaxy Collisions by : Curtis Struck
Download or read book Galaxy Collisions written by Curtis Struck and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-02-04 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The spectacular images of galaxy collisions capture the imagination. This book will show what is out there in the universe, what it’s like in other galaxies, what they might look like, and how cosmic processes might affect life in other solar systems. It will explain crucial stages in the development of physical structure in the universe, and the effect of galaxy scale processes. Professor Struck will explore all the issues surrounding galaxy collisions. He will begin with a brief broad review of the background on galaxies, the history of their discovery, and how this has been driven by steadily improving technology. Chapters 2 gives details of the early stages of different types of galaxy collision - Rings of Fire, Tidal Swings and Retrograde and Sideways Reels - while Chapter 3 describes collisions between galaxies of very different masses: minor merger or dwarf destruction. Chapter 4 covers ultra-luminous infrared galaxies and major mergers and Chapter 5 briefly examines the techniques used for computer simulation results and how increasing computer capacity has affected the development of this field. The following chapter looks at understanding the physical processes of triggered star formation and nuclear activity. Chapters 7-9 look at the broader view of cosmological structure growth which determines the environment and conditions in which galaxy collisions occur. In the densest environments, this process repeats itself on the larger scale of galaxy clusters. The concluding chapter considers what a galaxy collision looks like from a solar system like ours. Although the galaxy is completely restructured and the night sky view would change greatly over the course of several hundred million years, the direct effects on our planet would be few and infrequent, with only a small probability of being truly catastrophic. These issues will be explored along with the ideas that galaxies must reach a certain evolutionary "maturity" before they can even form solar systems, and that there are habitable zones within galaxies. Thus, galaxy scale processes, like collisions, can determine the fate of life on Earth-like planets.
Book Synopsis Dark Matter And Cosmic Web Story by : Jaan Einasto
Download or read book Dark Matter And Cosmic Web Story written by Jaan Einasto and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013-11-05 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concepts of dark matter and the cosmic web are some of the most significant developments in cosmology in the past century. They have decisively changed the classical cosmological paradigm, which was first elaborated upon during the first half of the 20th century but ran into serious problems in the second half. Today, they are integral parts of modern cosmology, which explains everything from the Big Bang to inflation to the large scale structure of the Universe.Dark Matter and Cosmic Web Story describes the contributions that led to a paradigm shift from the Eastern point of view. It describes the problems with the classical view, the attempts to solve them, the difficulties encountered by those solutions, and the conferences where the merits of the new concepts were debated. Amidst the science, the story of scientific work in a small country occupied by the Soviet Union and the tumultuous events that led to its breakup are detailed as well.This book is accompanied by a website which contains additional material: copies of the originals of some crucial papers, astronomical movies, and movies which showcase the private life of the author.
Book Synopsis Dark Matter in the Universe by : John N. Bahcall
Download or read book Dark Matter in the Universe written by John N. Bahcall and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2004 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If standard gravitational theory is correct, then most of the matterin the universe is in an unidentified form which does not emit enoughlight to have been detected by current instrumentation. This book isthe second editon of the lectures given at the 4th Jerusalem WinterSchool for Theoretical Physics, with new material added. The lecturesare devoted to the missing matter problem in the universe, thesearch to understand dark matter. The goal of this volume is to makecurrent research work on unseen matter accessible to students withoutprior experience in this area and to provide insights for experts inrelated research fields. Due to the pedagogical nature of the originallectures and the intense discussions between the lecturers and thestudents, the written lectures included in this volume often containtechniques and explanations not found in more formal journalpublications.
Book Synopsis Dark Matter And Cosmic Web Story (Second Edition) by : Jaan Einasto
Download or read book Dark Matter And Cosmic Web Story (Second Edition) written by Jaan Einasto and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2024-04-29 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concepts of dark matter and the cosmic web are some of the most significant developments in cosmology in the past century. They have decisively changed the classical cosmological paradigm, which was first elaborated upon during the first half of the 20th century but ran into serious problems in the second half. Today, they are integral parts of modern cosmology, which explains everything from the Big Bang to inflation to the large-scale structure of the Universe.Dark Matter and Cosmic Web Story describes the contributions that led to a paradigm shift from the Eastern point of view. It describes the problems with the classical view, the attempts to solve them, the difficulties encountered by those solutions, and the conferences where the merits of the new concepts were debated. Amidst the science, the story of scientific work in a small country occupied by the Soviet Union and the tumultuous events that led to its breakup are detailed as well.The development of cosmology has often treated as a West-East conflict between the American school led by Jim Peebles in Princeton and the Soviet team led by Yakov Zeldovich in Moscow. Actually, the development of ideas was broader, and a certain role played the Tartu team. The Tartu cosmology school was founded by Ernst Öpik and has its own traditions and attitude to science. In the new edition of the book the interplay between three cosmology schools is written in more detail. The recent development of dark matter and cosmic web studies is described, as well as the evolution of global properties of the cosmic web.This book is accompanied by a website which contains additional material: copies of the originals of some crucial papers, astronomical movies, and movies which showcase the private life of the author. In this second edition, two chapters on the statistical description of the cosmic web and its development were added, as well as chapter on the sociology of science. To keep the length of this book reasonable, a lot of reorganisation of the text has been done as well.
