The Doctrine Of Res Judicata Before International Commercial Arbitral Tribunals

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The Doctrine of Res Judicata Before International Commercial Arbitral Tribunals

Author : Silja Schaffstein
Publisher : Oxford International Arbitrati
ISBN 13 : 9780198715610
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (156 download)

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Book Synopsis The Doctrine of Res Judicata Before International Commercial Arbitral Tribunals by : Silja Schaffstein

Download or read book The Doctrine of Res Judicata Before International Commercial Arbitral Tribunals written by Silja Schaffstein and published by Oxford International Arbitrati. This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today, international commercial disputes regularly involve multiple parties, contracts, and issues. As a result, the number of disputes that are tried in two or more different forums has increased, giving rise to difficult issues regarding the conclusive and preclusive effects of prior judgments or awards. As a result, the doctrine of res judicata , which requires that a final decision by a court or arbitral tribunal is conclusive and should not be re-litigated, is of increasing significance. Dr Silja Schaffstein provides the first practical and comprehensive guidelines for matters of res judicata for international commercial arbitration practitioners. Structured in two parts, part one examines the doctrine of res judicata in domestic and international litigation whilst part two determines whether and how the res judicata doctrine may be applied by international commercial arbitral tribunals. Dr Schaffstein identifies situations in which res judicata issues are likely to arise before international commercial arbitral tribunals and provides actionable solutions. The book determines the key features of the doctrine of res judicata in the laws of England, the United States, France and Switzerland, as representative of the common law system on the one hand and the civil law system on the other hand. The book also presents the doctrine of res judicata in the context of private international law, alongside its crucial aspects and application in public international law by international courts and tribunals. The aim of the work is to demonstrate how transnational principles of res judicata should be elaborated for international commercial arbitral tribunals. The analysis looks at how the doctrine should be applied by international commercial arbitral tribunals in their relations with other arbitral tribunals or state courts, and within the arbitral proceedings pending before them. The work sets out the transnational principles in the form of guidelines for international arbitrators.

The Doctrine of Res Judicata in International Commercial Arbitrations

Author : Adams Rajab Makmot-Kibwanga
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 366888045X
Total Pages : 6 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (688 download)

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Book Synopsis The Doctrine of Res Judicata in International Commercial Arbitrations by : Adams Rajab Makmot-Kibwanga

Download or read book The Doctrine of Res Judicata in International Commercial Arbitrations written by Adams Rajab Makmot-Kibwanga and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2019-02-19 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Academic Paper from the year 2018 in the subject Law - Miscellaneous, grade: A, , course: MASTER OF LAWS IN OIL AND GAS, language: English, abstract: Generally, in simple terms, it is agreed that disputes subjected to neutral parties for determination must come to an end. It is also the position of the law that a dispute between parties, once determined by a competent neutral party, shall not resurface before another neutral party between the same disputing parties and on the same issues or cause of action as the case may be except where an appeal or application to the same court level or higher court is allowed by law. The law calls this res judicata. In International Arbitration the principle is not any different except that it is developed to fit the transnational nature of disputes.

Third-Party Effects of Arbitral Awards

Author : Maximilian Pika
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN 13 : 9403512652
Total Pages : 700 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Third-Party Effects of Arbitral Awards by : Maximilian Pika

Download or read book Third-Party Effects of Arbitral Awards written by Maximilian Pika and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2019-07-11 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The specialization and financial demand of global business render international transactions inherently multilateral and thus best effected through arbitration agreements. However, it often happens that – for various reasons, such as a debtor’s failure to pay damages ordered by an arbitral tribunal – third parties who did not consent to the original arbitration enter the scene. This is the first book to examine the binding effects of international commercial arbitral awards in follow-up disputes against third parties. It comprehensively analyses arbitral awards’ third-party effects under national arbitration laws, the New York Convention and private international law. Moreover, it proposes solutions under transnational law before both courts and arbitral tribunals. Applying a continuously comparative methodology that refers to specific statutory, jurisprudential and scholarly sources, this book explores the nature and implications of such aspects of third-party involvement as the following: the foundations of the doctrine of res judicata and its intrinsic connection to other tools of forum coordination; the distinction between res judicata before courts on the one hand and arbitral tribunals on the other; the application of non-mutual preclusion in favour of third parties; the potential for arbitral awards to constitute a fact in follow-up disputes; a comparison of rules and uncertainties on awards’ third-party effects under various national arbitration acts; preclusion agreements; the arbitration agreement’s scope; and judgments’ third-party effects as a shift of the participatory burden. For civil law, the author focuses on France and Switzerland (as predominant arbitral seats) and on Germany (as a Model Law example). Among common-law countries, he concentrates on England and Wales and on the United States. Statutory sources (with specific wording), leading cases and summaries of the most important scholarly discussions are all invoked. With its clear guidelines for matters currently not addressed in previous publications and likely to be raised in specific cases, this book will prove to be of immeasurable value for arbitration practitioners and academics in any jurisdiction. Business parties that seek to prevent contradicting decisions in multilateral transactions will appreciate the practically feasible alternatives it presents in the event of follow-up disputes involving third parties.

Contract Interpretation in Investment Treaty Arbitration

Author : Yuliya Chernykh
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004414703
Total Pages : 629 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis Contract Interpretation in Investment Treaty Arbitration by : Yuliya Chernykh

Download or read book Contract Interpretation in Investment Treaty Arbitration written by Yuliya Chernykh and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2022-01-17 with total page 629 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contracts are relevant, frequently central, for a significant number of investment disputes. Yet, the way tribunals ascertain their content remains largely underexplored. How do tribunals interpret contracts in investment treaty arbitration? How should they interpret contracts? Does national law have any role to play? Contract Interpretation in Investment Treaty Arbitration: A Theory of the Incidental Issue addresses these questions. The monograph offers a valuable insight into the practice and theory of contract interpretation in investment treaty arbitration. By proposing a theoretical frame for seamless integration of contract interpretation into the overall structure of decision-making, the book contributes to predictability, coherence, sufficiency and correctness of the tribunals’ interpretative practices in investment treaty arbitration.

Shareholders' Claims for Reflective Loss in International Investment Law

Author : Lukas Vanhonnaeker
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108801390
Total Pages : 431 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Shareholders' Claims for Reflective Loss in International Investment Law by : Lukas Vanhonnaeker

Download or read book Shareholders' Claims for Reflective Loss in International Investment Law written by Lukas Vanhonnaeker and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-07-16 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, investor-state tribunals have often permitted shareholders' claims for reflective loss despite the well-established principle of no reflective loss applied consistently in domestic regimes and in other fields of international law. Investment tribunals have justified their decisions by relying on definitions of 'investment' in investment agreements that often include 'shares', while the no-reflective-loss principle is generally justified on the basis of policy considerations pertaining to the preservation of the efficiency of the adjudicatory process and to the protection of other stakeholders, such as creditors. Although these policy considerations militating for the prohibition of shareholders' claims for reflective loss also apply in investor-state arbitration, they are curable in that context and must be balanced with policy considerations specific to the field of international investment law that weigh in favor of such claims: the protection of foreign investors in order to promote trade and investment liberalization.

Parallel Proceedings in International Arbitration

Author : Nadja Erk
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789041152640
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (526 download)

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Book Synopsis Parallel Proceedings in International Arbitration by : Nadja Erk

Download or read book Parallel Proceedings in International Arbitration written by Nadja Erk and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book depicts and evaluates, in a European context, the pleas and actions which parties may make use of to dissolve the parallel jurisdiction of a national court and an arbitral tribunal. The author undertakes a thorough comparative analysis of the motivations for, and practice of, such pleas and actions with special regard to the major hubs where elaborate arbitration laws are tried and tested by the arbitration community - Germany, France, Switzerland, and England. 0On the basis of four scenarios of parallel proceedings before national courts and arbitral tribunals, the analysis tackles such issues and topics as the following: motivations for initiating parallel proceedings from the various parties' perspectives; remedies available to parties in situations of jurisdictional conflicts; effect of the principle of competence-competence on national courts' review of arbitration agreements; pleas restricting national courts' exercise of jurisdiction to a review of core principles (arbitration defence); self-restraining pleas independent of an arbitration agreement (plea of litispendence); actions for declaratory relief; actions aimed at restraining another court's or tribunal's jurisdiction (anti-suit/anti-arbitration injunctions); pleas invoked to avoid procedural inefficiencies and inconsistencies (plea of res judicata); counsel's duty of care and arbitral tribunal's mandate to issue an enforceable award; and litigation culture versus arbitration-friendliness.

The ICSID Convention

Author : Christoph Schreuer (juriste)
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521885590
Total Pages : 1599 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (218 download)

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Book Synopsis The ICSID Convention by : Christoph Schreuer (juriste)

Download or read book The ICSID Convention written by Christoph Schreuer (juriste) and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 1599 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a practice-oriented guide, including text, commentary, tables and index, for anyone dealing with the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID).

International Arbitration Review

Author : James H Carter
Publisher : Law Business Research Ltd.
ISBN 13 : 1912377713
Total Pages : 592 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (123 download)

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Book Synopsis International Arbitration Review by : James H Carter

Download or read book International Arbitration Review written by James H Carter and published by Law Business Research Ltd.. This book was released on 2017-09-19 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Arbitration Review, edited by James H Carter of Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr, provides an analytical review of what has occurred in each of the important arbitration jurisdictions during the past year, capturing recent developments and putting them in the context of the jurisdiction's legal arbitration structure and selecting the most important matters for comment. In this book, leading practitioners seek to provide current information on both general international commercial arbitration and international investment arbitration, treating important investor-state dispute developments in each jurisdiction as a separate but closely related topic. There are in-depth examinations of arbitration in 41 jurisdictions as well as editorial chapters on The Impact of Corporate Taxation on Economic Losses, and overviews on ASEAN and Africa. Contributors include: Bart Legum, Michelle Bradfield and Jean-Christophe Honlet, Dentons; James Nicholson, FTI Consulting."e;This new and timely publication promises to tackle pressing and present day global concerns and to make valuable contributions to the ongoing dialogue on international arbitration"e; - Peter Tomka, President, International Court of Justice, The Hague"e;Comprehensive and topical, an excellent reference."e; - Professor Christine Mallin, University of Birmingham Business School"e;The most discursive and engaging survey of the world of arbitration today."e; - Jamie Maples, Weil Gotshal & Manges LLP

International Arbitration and Private International Law

Author : George A. Bermann
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004348271
Total Pages : 648 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis International Arbitration and Private International Law by : George A. Bermann

Download or read book International Arbitration and Private International Law written by George A. Bermann and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2017-05-15 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No field of legal scholarship or practice operates in the world of private international law as continuously and pervasively as does international arbitration, commercial and investment alike. Arbitration’s dependence on private international law manifests itself throughout the life-cycle of arbitration, from the crafting of an enforceable arbitration agreement, through the entire arbitral process, to the time an award comes before a national court for annulment or for recognition and enforcement. Thus international arbitration provides both arbitral tribunals and courts with constant challenges. Courts may come to the task already equipped with longstanding private international law assumptions, but international arbitrators must largely find their own way through the private international law thicket. Arbitrators and courts take guidance in their private international law inquiries from multiple sources: party agreement, institutional rules, treaties, the national law of competing jurisdictions and an abundance of “soft law”, some of which may even be regarded as expressing an international standard. In a world of this sort, private international law resourcefulness is fundamental.

Yearbook on International Investment Law and Policy, 2013-2014

Author : Andrea K. Bjorklund
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190265779
Total Pages : 736 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Yearbook on International Investment Law and Policy, 2013-2014 by : Andrea K. Bjorklund

Download or read book Yearbook on International Investment Law and Policy, 2013-2014 written by Andrea K. Bjorklund and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-08-14 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International investment law today consists of a network of multifaceted, multilayered international treaties that, in one way or another, involve virtually every country of the world. The evolution of this network raises a host of issues regarding international investment law and policy, especially in the area of international investment disputes.The Yearbook on International Investment Law & Policy 2013-2014 monitors current developments in international investment law and policy, focusing on recent trends and issues in foreign direct investment (FDI). With contributions by leading experts in the field, this title provides timely, authoritative information on FDI that can be used by a wide audience, including practitioners, academics, researchers, and policy makers. The 2013-2014 Yearbook begins with trends in international investment and the activities of multinational enterprises, a review of trends and new approaches in international investment agreements for 2013-2014, and a review of international investment law and arbitration for 2013. This edition contains a sample of the research and ideas generated by the Investment Treaty Forum at the British Institute of International and Comparative Law--The Investment Treaty Forum brings together experts in international investment law to engage in high-level debate about salient topics in investment law. This edition covers many important topics, such as the principle of proportionality and the problem of indeterminacy in international investment treaties; proportionality, reasonableness and standards of review in investment treaty arbitration; and the role of investors' legitimate expectations in defense of investment treaty claims. The general articles included in this volume provide analysis of balancing investor protection and regulatory freedom in international investment law. The jurisprudential interaction between ICSID tribunals and the International Court of Justice are also discussed, along with inconsistencies in investor-state awards, the role of state interpretations; old and new ways for host states to defend against investment arbitrations, and approaches and analogies in the countermeasures defense in investor-state disputes. This volume explores the political economy of crises and the international law of necessity after the great recession. In addition to this are articles on minilateral treaty-making and bilateral investment treaties; investment promotion, agencies; the trend toward open contracting; and new regulations on foreign acquisitions of land in Brazil and Argentina. This volume concludes with the winning memorials from the 2013 FDI International Moot Competition.

Deference in International Commercial Arbitration

Author : Franco Ferrari
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN 13 : 9403503173
Total Pages : 560 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Deference in International Commercial Arbitration by : Franco Ferrari

Download or read book Deference in International Commercial Arbitration written by Franco Ferrari and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2023-05-12 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In international arbitration, deference entails that one decision-maker does not make an autonomous assessment but limits its decision-making power out of respect for the decision or authority of another actor. For example, a court exercising post-award review might refrain from reviewing a question of procedure de novo but instead defer to a prior determination made by the arbitral tribunal. In this book, prominent arbitration practitioners and academics offer the first systematic analysis of such deference in international arbitration. With abundant reference to case law from major arbitration hubs, the analysis is organized around the three relationships in which questions of deference arise: public-private relationships in which a State actor (e.g., a court) must decide whether it should pay deference to determinations made by a private actor (e.g., a tribunal or an arbitral institution); public-public relationships in which a State actor (e.g., a court at the place of recognition and enforcement) must decide whether it should pay deference to another State actor (e.g., a court at the seat); and private-private relationships in which a private actor (e.g., an arbitral tribunal) must decide whether it should pay deference to another private actor (e.g., another arbitral tribunal or an arbitral institution). The book makes an important contribution to tracing the boundaries of the multiple layers of control over arbitration proceedings. It takes a giant step towards establishing the right equilibrium between the different layers of authority and thus meeting a pivotal challenge for the viability of arbitration as a form of dispute resolution.

International Commercial Arbitration

Author : Gary B. Born
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN 13 : 9041154159
Total Pages : 5391 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (411 download)

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Book Synopsis International Commercial Arbitration by : Gary B. Born

Download or read book International Commercial Arbitration written by Gary B. Born and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2014-10-01 with total page 5391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of Gary Born's International Commercial Arbitration is an authoritative 4,408 page treatise, in three volumes, providing the most comprehensive commentary and analysis, on all aspects of the international commercial arbitration process, that is available. The first edition of International Commercial Arbitration is widely acknowledged as the preeminent commentary in the field. It was awarded the 2011 Certificate of Merit by the American Society of International Law and was voted the International Dispute Resolution Book of the Year by the Oil, Gas, Mining and Infrastructure Dispute Management list serve in 2010. The first edition has been extensively cited in national court decisions and arbitral awards around the world. The treatise comprehensively examines the law and practice of contemporary international commercial arbitration, thoroughly explicating all relevant international conventions, national arbitration statutes and institutional arbitration rules. It focuses on both international instruments (particularly the New York Convention) and national law provisions in all leading jurisdictions (including the UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration). Practitioners, academics, clients, institutions and other users of international commercial arbitration will find clear and authoritative guidance in this work. The second edition of International Commercial Arbitration has been extensively revised, expanded and updated, to include all material legislative, judicial and arbitral authorities in the field of international arbitration prior to January 2014. It also includes expanded treatment of annulment, recognition of awards, counsel ethics, arbitrator independence and impartiality and applicable law. Overview of volumes: Volume I, covering International Arbitration Agreements,provides a comprehensive discussion of international commercial arbitration agreements. It includes chapters dealing with the legal framework for enforcing international arbitration agreements; the separability presumption; choice of law; formation and validity; nonarbitrability; competence-competence and the allocation of jurisdictional competence; the effects of arbitration agreements; interpretation and non-signatory issues. Volume II, covering International Arbitration Procedures, provides a detailed discussion of international arbitral procedures. It includes chapters dealing with the legal framework for international arbitral proceedings; the selection, challenge and replacement of arbitrators; the rights and duties of international arbitrators; selection of the arbitral seat; arbitration procedures; disclosure and discovery; provisional measures; consolidation, joinder and intervention; choice of substantive law; confidentiality; and legal representation and standards of professional conduct. Volume III, dealing with International Arbitral Awards, provides a detailed discussion of the issues arising from international arbitration awards. It includes chapters covering the form and contents of awards; the correction, interpretation and supplementation of awards; the annulment and confirmation of awards; the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards; and issues of preclusion, lis pendens and staredecisis.

Addressing Corruption Allegations in International Arbitration

Author : Brody Greenwald
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004410910
Total Pages : 99 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis Addressing Corruption Allegations in International Arbitration by : Brody Greenwald

Download or read book Addressing Corruption Allegations in International Arbitration written by Brody Greenwald and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2019-08-26 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Addressing Corruption Allegations in International Arbitration, Brody K. Greenwald and Jennifer A. Ivers draw upon their experience in international arbitrations involving allegations of corruption to provide a comprehensive overview of the key issues that arise in these high-stakes cases.

General Principles of Law and International Investment Arbitration

Author : Andrea Gattini
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004368388
Total Pages : 475 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis General Principles of Law and International Investment Arbitration by : Andrea Gattini

Download or read book General Principles of Law and International Investment Arbitration written by Andrea Gattini and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2018-06-01 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In General Principles of Law in Investment Arbitration, the authors address selected general principles of law, assessing their functions in investment arbitration. The resulting picture is that of a lively source that escapes doctrinal straitjackets and maintains its relevance.

General Principles of Law and International Due Process

Author : Charles T. Kotuby, Jr.
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190642726
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis General Principles of Law and International Due Process by : Charles T. Kotuby, Jr.

Download or read book General Principles of Law and International Due Process written by Charles T. Kotuby, Jr. and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-02-15 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Article 38 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice defines "international law" to include not only "custom" and "convention" between States but also "the general principles of law recognized by civilized nations" within their municipal legal systems. In 1953, Bin Cheng wrote his seminal book on general principles, identifying core legal principles common to various domestic legal systems across the globe. This monograph summarizes and analyzes the general principles of law and norms of international due process, with a particular focus on developments since Cheng's writing. The aim is to collect and distill these principles and norms in a single volume as a practical resource for international law jurists, advocates, and scholars. The information contained in this book holds considerable importance given the growth of inter-state intercourse resulting in the increased use of general principles over the past 60 years. General principles can serve as rules of decision, whether in interpreting a treaty or contract, determining causation, or ascertaining unjust enrichment. They also include a core set of procedural requirements that should be followed in any adjudicative system, such as the right to impartiality and the prohibition on fraud. Although the general principles are, by definition, basic and even rudimentary, they hold vital importance for the rule of law in international relations. They are meant not to define a rule of law, but rather the rule of law.

The Use of Commercial Arbitration Rules in Investment Treaty Disputes

Author : Joel Dahlquist
Publisher : International Litigation in Press
ISBN 13 : 9789004413672
Total Pages : 333 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (136 download)

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Book Synopsis The Use of Commercial Arbitration Rules in Investment Treaty Disputes by : Joel Dahlquist

Download or read book The Use of Commercial Arbitration Rules in Investment Treaty Disputes written by Joel Dahlquist and published by International Litigation in Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Arbitration clauses in investment treaties often provide investors with a choice between ICSID arbitration, on the one hand, and rules originally drafted for commercial arbitration on the other. The Use of Commercial Arbitration Rules in Investment Treaty Disputes studies how domestic courts and commercial arbitration institutions impact the scope of arbitral tribunal jurisdiction when commercial arbitration rules are used. Based on extensive studies of court decisions and previously-unknown arbitral awards, Joel Dahlquist's book analyses the practice of domestic courts in reviewing treaty-based jurisdiction, and explains how the two most used commercial arbitration institutions - the ICC and the SCC - have drafted, interpreted and applied their arbitration rules in treaty-based disputes"--

Document Production in International Arbitration

Author : Reto Marghitola
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN 13 : 9041166971
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (411 download)

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Book Synopsis Document Production in International Arbitration by : Reto Marghitola

Download or read book Document Production in International Arbitration written by Reto Marghitola and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2015-10-20 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because document production can discover written evidence that would otherwise not be available, it is often the key to winning a case. However, document production proceedings can be a costly and time-consuming exercise, and arbitral awards in particular are often challenged on grounds that relate to document production orders. The task of balancing the conflicting interests of the parties in this context is a major responsibility of arbitral tribunals. This book's analysis focuses on whether there exist legal principles on which arbitrators should establish rules of document production in both civil law and common law countries, and shows how international arbitration is affected. The author examines the relevant discretion of arbitral tribunals under US, English, Swiss, German, and Austrian law, and under nine of the most important sets of institutional rules, including the ICC Rules, the LCIA Rules, and the Swiss Rules. The presentation mines case law and legal literature for concepts based on the common expectations of the parties, the legitimate expectations of a party, the duty to balance different procedural expectations of the parties, the presumed intent of the parties, the underlying hypothetical bargain, implied terms, and the arbitrators' discretion. Among the topics and issues investigated are the following: - procedural rules on document production versus procedural flexibility; - how arbitral tribunals can modify the IBA Rules on a case-by-case basis; - discretion granted by legislation in each country covered; - electronic document production; - how to deal with privilege and confidentiality objections; - how to formulate or answer document production requests; - effective sanctions in case of non-compliance with procedural orders of the arbitral tribunal; - what grounds for annulment and non-enforcement a losing party can raise in what countries. Perhaps the greatest benefit of the book is the inclusion of model clauses, commensurate with both civil law and common law expectations. The author explicates the advantages and inconveniences of each model clause, and clarifies the influence of each clause on the efficiency of the proceedings and the enforcement risk. For practitioners, the book not only gives counsel a thorough overview of possible arguments for and against document production, but also assists arbitrators find a way through the jungle of opinions on the interpretation of the IBA Rules. Legal academics will appreciate the author's deeply informed analysis and commentary and the book's contribution to increasing the predictability of arbitral decisions on document production and showing how issues in dispute can be narrowed by tailor-made rules, thus helping to raise the efficiency and reduce the costs of arbitral proceedings.