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Author : M. Teague O'Mara
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (899 download)
Download or read book The Development of Sex Differences in Ring-tailed Lemur Feeding Ecology written by M. Teague O'Mara and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Michael Teague O'Mara
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (816 download)
Download or read book Development of Feeding in Ring-tailed Lemurs written by Michael Teague O'Mara and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamental hypotheses about the life history, complex cognition and social dynamics of humans are rooted in feeding ecology - particularly in the experiences of young animals as they grow. However, the few existing primate developmental data are limited to only a handful of species of monkeys and apes. Without comparative data from more basal primates, such as lemurs, we are limited in the scope of our understanding of how feeding has shaped the evolution of these extraordinary aspects of primate biology. I present a developmental view of feeding ecology in the ring-tailed lemur (Lemur catta) using a mixed longitudinal sample (infant through adult) collected at the Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve in southwestern Madagascar from May 2009 to March 2010. I document the development of feeding, including weaning, the transition to solid food, and how foods are included in infant diets. Early in juvenility ring-tailed lemurs efficiently process most foods, but that hard ripe fruits and insects require more time to master. Infants and juveniles do not use many of the social learning behaviors that are common in monkeys and apes, and instead likely rely both on their own trial and error and simple local enhancement to learn appropriate foods. Juvenile ring-tailed lemurs are competent and efficient foragers, and that mitigating ecological risks may not best predict the lemur juvenile period, and that increases in social complexity and brain size may be at the root of primate juvenility. Finally, from juvenility through adulthood, females have more diverse diets than males. The early emergence of sex differences in dietary diversity in juvenility that are maintained throughout adulthood indicate that, in addition to reproductive costs incurred by females, niche partitioning is an important aspect of sex differential feeding ecology, and that ontogenetic studies of feeding are particularly valuable to understanding how selection shapes adult, species-typical diets. Overall, lemur juvenility is a time to play, build social relationships, learn about food, and where the kernels of sex-typical feeding develop. This study of the ontogeny of feeding ecology contributes an important phylogenetic perspective on the relationship between juvenility and the emergent foraging behaviors of developing animals.
Author : J. Ganzhorn
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1489924124
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (899 download)
Download or read book Lemur Social Systems and Their Ecological Basis written by J. Ganzhorn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past decade has seen a steady increase in studies oflemur behavior and ecology. As a result, there is much novel information on newly studied populations, and even newly discovered species, that has not yet been published or summarized. In fact, lemurs have not been the focus of an international symposium since the Prosimian Biology Conference in London in 1972. Moreover, research on lemurs has reached a new quality by addressing general issues in behavioral ecology and evolutionary biology. Although lemurs provide important comparative information on these topics, this aspect of research on lemurs has not been reviewed and compared with similar studies in other primate radiations. Thus, as did many in the field, we felt that the time was ripe to review and synthesize our knowledge of lemur behavioral ecology. Following an initiative by Gerry Doyle, we organized a symposium at the XIVth Congress of the International Primatological Society in Strasbourg, France, where 15 contributions summarized much new information on lemur social systems and their ecological basis. This volume provides a collection of the papers presented at the Strasbourg symposium (plus two reports from recently completed field projects). Each chapter was peer-reviewed, typically by one "lemurologist" and one other biologist. The first three chapters present novel information from the first long-term field studies of three enigmatic species. Sterling describes the social organization of Daubentonia madagascariensis, showing that aye-aye ranging patterns deviate from those of all other nocturnal primates.
Author : Lisa Gould
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387345868
Total Pages : 466 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (873 download)
Download or read book Lemurs written by Lisa Gould and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-12-13 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together information from recent research, and provides new insight into the study of lemur origins, and the ecology and adaptation of both extant and recently extinct lemurs. In addition, it addresses issues of primate behavioral ecology and how environment can play a major role in explaining species variation. It is the only comprehensive volume to focus on lemur ecology and adaptability, with chapters written by all the big names in the field.
Author : Steven M. Goodman
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691229406
Total Pages : 2297 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)
Download or read book The New Natural History of Madagascar written by Steven M. Goodman and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2022-11-15 with total page 2297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A marvelously illustrated reference to the natural wonders of one of the most spectacular places on earth Separated from Africa’s mainland for tens of millions of years, Madagascar has evolved a breathtaking wealth of biodiversity, becoming home to thousands of species found nowhere else on the planet. The New Natural History of Madagascar provides the most comprehensive, up-to-date synthesis available of this island nation’s priceless biological treasures. Now fully revised and expanded, this beautifully illustrated compendium features contributions by more than 600 globally renowned experts who cover the history of scientific exploration in Madagascar, as well as the island’s geology and soils, climate, forest ecology, human ecology, marine and coastal ecosystems, plants, invertebrates, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. This invaluable two-volume reference also includes detailed discussions of conservation efforts in Madagascar that showcase several successful protected area programs that can serve as models for threatened ecosystems throughout the world. Provides the most comprehensive overview of Madagascar’s rich natural history Coedited by 18 different specialists Features hundreds of new contributions by world-class experts Includes hundreds of new illustrations Covers a broad array of topics, from geology and climate to animals, plants, and marine life Sheds light on newly discovered species and draws on the latest science An essential resource for anyone interested in Madagascar or tropical ecosystems in general, from biologists and conservationists to ecotourists and armchair naturalists
Author : Peter T. Ellison
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1351493515
Total Pages : 489 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (514 download)
Download or read book Reproductive Ecology and Human Evolution written by Peter T. Ellison and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-09-04 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of human reproductive ecology represents an important new development in human evolutionary biology. Its focus is on the physiology of human reproduction and evidence of adaptation, and hence the action of natural selection, in that domain. But at the same time the study of human reproductive ecology provides an important perspective on the historical process of human evolution, a lens through which we may view the forces that have shaped us as a species. In the end, all actions of natural selection can be reduced to variation in the reproductive success of individuals.Peter Ellison is one of the pioneers in the fast growing area of reproductive ecology. He has collected for this volume the research of thirty-one of the most active and influential scientists in the field. Thanks to recent noninvasive techniques, these contributors can present direct empirical data on the effect of a broad array of ecological, behavioral, and constitutional variables on the reproductive processes of humans as well as wild primates. Because biological evolution is cumulative, however, organisms in the present must be viewed as products of the selective forces of past environments. The study of adaptation thus often involves inferences about formative ecological relationships that may no longer exist, or not in the same form. Making such inferences depends on carefully weighing a broad range of evidence drawn from studies of contemporary ecological variation, comparative studies of related taxonomies, and paleontological and genetic evidence of evolutionary history. The result of this inquiry sheds light not only on the functional aspects of an organism's contemporary biology but also on its evolutionary history and the selective forces that have shaped it through time.Encompassing a range of viewpoints--controversy along with consensus--this far-ranging collection offers an indispensable guide for courses in biological anthropology, human biology, and primatology, along with
Author : Alison Jolly
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387341269
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (873 download)
Download or read book Ringtailed Lemur Biology written by Alison Jolly and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-11-30 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume includes up-to-date field research on the longest-studied and best known of lemur species. It contains articles by scientists from America, Europe, Japan and Madagascar, who combine their knowledge to describe an animal which is unique among primates. The papers review past research and add new dimensions of research related to nutrition, health, hormonal biology, plant ecology, behavioral ecology, and demography of Lemur catta.
Author : Tiffany Burgess
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 49 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (926 download)
Download or read book Female Social Rank and Steroid Production in Semi-free Ranging Lemur Catta on St. Catherines Island, Georgia written by Tiffany Burgess and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Author's abstract: Many mammalian species live in complex social groups that profoundly affect the behavior and ecology of their members. In ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) these groups are characterized by female dominance, where females have priority over males for food, grooming, and space. Among females there is also a linear dominance hierarchy. L. catta have a strong matrilineal social core due to females staying within their natal group and males dispersing at sexual maturity. Daughters "inherit" their mother's social rank. However, it is not known if the matrilineal lines are maintained through learned dominant/aggressive behavior or inherited via genetically determined hormonal blueprints. I studied the intrasexual relationships among females, and correlated social status with the production of three steroid products: estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone. Biological samples (n=192) were taken in summer 2012 from a captive population (n=93) of semi free-ranging L. catta on St. Catherines Island, GA. Samples (n=15) were analyzed for steroids using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Social status was determined via behavioral observations (50 hours). Due to the known negative relationship between cortisol and other steroids, its concentration was also analyzed to investigate a possible effect on agonistic behaviors. No significant differences in steroid concentrations or morphology were found between female ranks during the non-breeding season. Future studies should focus on determining the possible sex differences in androgen-receptor abundance and sensitivity in this and other female-dominant species.
Author : Anthony D. Pellegrini
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0195393007
Total Pages : 393 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of the Development of Play written by Anthony D. Pellegrini and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The role of play in human development has long been the subject of controversy. Despite being championed by many of the foremost scholars of the twentieth century, play has been dogged by underrepresentation and marginalization in literature across the scientific disciplines. The Oxford Handbook of the Development of Play marks the first attempt to examine the development of children's play through a rigorous and multidisciplinary approach. Comprising chapters from the foremost scholars in psychology, anthropology, and evolutionary biology, this handbook resets the landscape of developmental science and makes a compelling case for the benefits of play. Edited by respected play researcher Anthony D. Pellegrini, The Oxford Handbook of the Development of Play is both a scientific accomplishment and a shot across the bow for parents, educators, and policymakers regarding the importance of children's play in both development and learning.
Author : Michelle L. Sauther
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783318030242
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)
Download or read book Ring-tailed Lemurs written by Michelle L. Sauther and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For over 50 years, primatologists have conducted studies in the wild on Madagascar's ring-tailed Lemur catta, one of the best-known primate species. These varied studies have covered topics ranging from behaviour to biology, ecology, genetics and palaeobiology. This Folia Primatologica special topic issue takes that research a step further by not only adding to our knowledge of L. catta in long-term dry forest study sites such as Bezà Mahafaly or Berenty, but by also discussing populations residing at high altitude and in different forest types, namely limestone spiny, rocky-outcrop rupicolous or anthropogenically disturbed coastal habitats. The contributors comprise not only long-established experts in this field, but also a new generation of scientists dedicated to furthering our understanding of this important primate species. In addition to exploring behavioural ecological aspects in detail, this issue also offers an update on ring-tailed lemur life history, morphology, genetics and cognition.
Author : Stephanie Lynn Meredith
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (821 download)
Download or read book The Development of Adult Sex-typed Social Behavior in Lemur Catta written by Stephanie Lynn Meredith and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unanswered questions about the evolution of human gender abound and are salient across the anthropological disciplines and beyond. Did adult sex-typed behavioral tendencies actually evolve? If so, when? For what purpose? The best way to gain insight into the evolution of human gender is to understand the evolution and development of sex-typed behavior in comparative primate taxa. Captive research indicates that there are many proximate factors likely to shape the development of sex-typed behavior in non-human primates-- prenatal and postnatal endocrinological experience, social experience, ecological factors, and their interactions. However, it is largely unknown how sex-typed behavior proceeds and is shaped by those factors in evolutionarily salient environments. This study investigated one-- whether extrinsic sexually differentiated social interactions are likely influential in the development of adult sex-typed behavior in wild-living Lemur catta. Little is known about sex-typed development in this species or in strepsirrhines in general. This research therefore addresses an important phylogenetic gap in our understanding of primate sex-typed development. Behavioral observations were carried out on mixed cross-sectional sample of adult females (n=10), adult males (n=8), yearling females (n=4), yearling males (n=4), and newborn females (n=16) and males (n=14) at Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve in southwest Madagascar from September 2008 to August 2009. Twenty-three sex-typed behaviors were identified in adults using linear mixed effects models and models of group response profiles through time. Of those, only eight had a pre-pubertal developmental component. Infants did not exhibit any sex differences in behavior, but juveniles (prepubertal, weaned individuals) resembled adults in their (relatively few) patterns of expression of sex-typed behavior. Most adult sex-typed behaviors in this species apparently develop at or after puberty and may be under gonadal hormone control. Those that develop before puberty do not likely depend on extrinsic sexually differentiation social interactions for their development, because there is no clear evidence that infants and juvenile male and females are not treated differently by others according to sex. If sexually differentiated social interactions are important for sex-typed behavioral development in subadult Lemur catta, they are likely intrinsically (rather than extrinsically) driven.
Author : Joelle Riley
Publisher : Lerner Publications
ISBN 13 : 082259434X
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (225 download)
Download or read book Ring-Tailed Lemurs written by Joelle Riley and published by Lerner Publications. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Readers learn about the physical characteristics, habitat, and behavior of ring-tailed lemurs
Author : Judith Masters
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461445116
Total Pages : 411 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)
Download or read book Leaping Ahead written by Judith Masters and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-19 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leaping Ahead: Advances in Prosimian Biology presents a summary of the state of prosimian biology as we move into the second decade of the 21st century. The book covers a wide range of topics, from assessments of diversity and evolutionary scenarios, through ecophysiology, cognition, behavioral and sensory ecology, to the conservation and survival prospects of this extraordinary and diverse group of mammals. The collection was inspired by an international conference in Ithala, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa in 2007, where prosimian biologists gathered from Canada, Finland, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, Madagascar, South Africa, Tanzania, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America. The meeting reverberated with the passion prosimian researchers feel for their study subjects and with their deep concern for the future of prosimians in the face of ongoing habitat destruction and the burgeoning threat of bushmeat hunting. Chapters for this volume were contributed by researchers from across the globe; they attest to the diversity, vibrancy and rapid growth of prosimian biology, and to the intellectual advances that have revolutionized this field in recent years. Since its earliest beginnings, prosimian research and its resultant literature have had a strong francophone component, and researchers in many prosimian habitat countries are more comfortable reading and writing in French rather than English. French summaries of all chapters have been included. The volume is targeted at researchers, both those entering the field and established scientists, who have an interest in the biology of primates and small mammals. It is also aimed at conservation biologists seeking a deeper understanding of the faunas and conservation developments in Africa, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, and anyone who has an interest in discovering the true diversity of our order, the Primates.
Author : Peter M. Kappeler
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226424642
Total Pages : 420 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (264 download)
Download or read book Primate Life Histories and Socioecology written by Peter M. Kappeler and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2003-02 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We know a great deal about roles the environment plays in shaping survival, reproductive success, and even social systems among primates. But how do primate life histories affect social systems and vice versa? Do baboons' patterns of growth, for example, help to structure their societies? Does fission-fusion sociality interact with predator pressure to influence the timing of maturation in chimpanzees? Exploring these issues and many others, the contributors to Primate Life Histories and Socioecology provide the first systematic attempt to understand relationships among primate life histories, ecology, and social behavior conjointly. Topics covered include how primate life histories interact with rates of evolution, predator pressure, and diverse social structures; how the slow maturation of primates affects the behavior of both young and adult caregivers; and reciprocal relationships between large brains and increased social and behavioral complexity. The first collection of its kind, this book will interest a wide range of researchers, from anthropologists and evolutionary biologists to psychologists and ecologists. Contributors: Paul-Michael Agapow, Susan C. Alberts, Jeanne Altmann, Robert A. Barton, Nicholas G. Blurton Jones, Robert O. Deaner, Robin I. M. Dunbar, Jörg U. Ganzhorn, Laurie R. Godfrey, Kristen Hawkes, Nick J. B. Isaac, Charles H. Janson, Kate E. Jones, William L. Jungers, Peter M. Kappeler, Susanne Klaus, Phyllis C. Lee, Steven R. Leigh, Robert D. Martin, James F. O'Connell, Sylvia Ortmann, Michael E. Pereira, Andy Purvis, Caroline Ross, Karen E. Samonds, Jutta Schmid, Stephen C. Stearns, Michael R. Sutherland, Carel P. van Schaik, and Andrea J. Webster.
Author :
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832543731
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)
Download or read book Sex and Gender Effects on Power, Status, Dominance, and Leadership – An Interdisciplinary Look at Human and Other Mammalian Societies written by and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-02-20 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unequal power and status between the sexes usually translates into one sex monopolizing valuable resources and exercising control at the expense of the other. These inequalities not only have negative consequences for the fitness and wellbeing of the underpowered sex but also hinder the path to peaceful and prosperous societies. Intersexual power refers to an asymmetry in the degree of control that one sex exerts over the other. It can arise, for example, from sex differences in social dominance (i.e., imposed by threat or force), leverage (i.e., conferred by the possession of a resource that cannot be taken by force such as knowledge or fertilizable eggs), motivation, and (in humans in particular) social norms and privileged positions in society.
Author : Ruth Owen
Publisher : The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc
ISBN 13 : 1477790438
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (777 download)
Download or read book Ring-Tailed Lemurs written by Ruth Owen and published by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. This book was released on 1900-01-01 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the habitat, diet, and life cycle of the ring-tailed lemur.
Author : Robert W. Sussman
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1442249005
Total Pages : 699 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (422 download)
Download or read book The Natural History of Primates written by Robert W. Sussman and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2022-10-20 with total page 699 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The interest in primates, from lemurs to gorillas, has never been greater. Primatologists are continually finding evidence in the behavior and ecology of our closest genetic relatives that sheds light on human origins. So, just who are these 520+ species of complex and intelligent mammals inhabiting the Neotropics, Africa, Madagascar, and Asia? The Natural History of Primates provides the most current information on wild primates from experts who have studied them in their natural environments. This volume provides up-to-date facts and figures on how groups of social primates interact with each other and the plants and other animal species in their ecosystems: what they eat, which predators might eat them, how males and females seek mates, how infants are raised, and myriad other fascinating details about their visual and vocal communication, their ability to craft and use tools, and the varieties of locomotion they employ. As human populations continue to expand into the rainforests, savannas, and woodlands where nonhuman primates dwell, the preservation of these species becomes ever more important. The Natural History of Primates is unique in its emphasis on the conservation status of primate species and its ample discussions of how humans and nonhuman primates can coexist in the twenty-first century.
