The Destruction Of Romanian And Ukrainian Jews During The Antonescu Era

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The Destruction of Romanian and Ukrainian Jews During the Antonescu Era

Author : Randolph L. Braham
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Destruction of Romanian and Ukrainian Jews During the Antonescu Era by : Randolph L. Braham

Download or read book The Destruction of Romanian and Ukrainian Jews During the Antonescu Era written by Randolph L. Braham and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Romanian chapter in the history of European Jewry during the Nazi era is replete with complex and controversial issues, including the anti-Jewish measures of the late-1930s, the pogroms of the early-1940s and the mass murders of Jews in Romanian-occupied parts of Ukraine. This book, divided into four parts, includes an analytical view of anti-Semitism as reflected in the 1940-1944 records of the Council of Ministers; the genocidal drive against Romanian and Ukrainian Jews during the Antonescu era; the foreign factor in the history of the Holocaust in Romania; and the myths and history-cleansing campaigns spearheaded by Romanian nationalists.

The Holocaust in Romania

Author : Radu Ioanid
Publisher : Ivan R. Dee
ISBN 13 : 1461694906
Total Pages : 382 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (616 download)

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Book Synopsis The Holocaust in Romania by : Radu Ioanid

Download or read book The Holocaust in Romania written by Radu Ioanid and published by Ivan R. Dee. This book was released on 2008-02-18 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1930, 757,000 Jews lived in Romania; they constituted the third largest Jewish community in Europe. Today not more than 14,000 Jews live in Romania, most of them elderly. The record of the Holocaust in Romania includes many curious chapters of support and betrayal, but they have been largely unavailable until now. Radu Ioanid’s account based upon privileged access to secret East European government archives, is an unprecedented analysis of heretofore purposely hidden materials. Archival records, published and unpublished reports, memoirs of survivors, letters—Mr. Ioanid uses all these elements to build an accurate perspective on Romanian policies of racism, anti-Semitism, and Jewish extermination during the regime of Ion Antonescu. The publication of The Holocaust in Romania is timely as well as important, for there is now in Romania a growing effort to deny the government’s role in the tragedy. Mr. Ioanid sheds light on the reality of the persecutions, the cruelty of the perpetrators, their blatant opportunism and endless cynicism. The story is one of destruction and survival; of German dissatisfaction with Romanian ad hoc violence; of an elusive national policy and the strategies of Romanian authorities that allowed 300,000 Romanian Jews to survive the war. "Invaluable...monumental...no comparable work in any language has documented this important history with the thoroughness, skill, and analytical sophistication this book demonstrates.”—Leo Spitzer, Dartmouth College. Published in association with the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. With 8 pages of photographs.

The Holocaust in Romania

Author : Radu Ioanid
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1538138093
Total Pages : 663 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (381 download)

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Book Synopsis The Holocaust in Romania by : Radu Ioanid

Download or read book The Holocaust in Romania written by Radu Ioanid and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2022-04-20 with total page 663 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Ioanid explores in great detail the physical destruction of Romania’s Jewish and Roma communities, including the pogroms of Bucharest and Iaşi as well as the deportations and the massacres from Bessarabia, Bukovina, and Transnistria. Based on thousands of archival documents and testimonies of survivors, The Holocaust in Romania sheds new light on Romania’s prefascist and fascist antisemitic legislation and its implementation. New chapters consider the forced labor of the Jews, persecution by the Protestant churches, and the decision-making process of the Antonescu government in its treatment of Jews and Roma. With this book, the Romanian Holocaust will no longer be forgotten.

The Holocaust Under the Antonescu Government

Author : Marcu Rozen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Holocaust Under the Antonescu Government by : Marcu Rozen

Download or read book The Holocaust Under the Antonescu Government written by Marcu Rozen and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pp. 5-15 contain Rozen's memoirs on the deportation of his family from Dorohoi to Transnistria in November 1941 and on his survival in Transnistria in 1941-43. He was the only survivor of his family of five. The rest of the book describes Antonescu's policies toward the Romanian and Ukrainian Jews under his rule. In the area which can be called the "death zone" (which included Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina, Dorohoi, and Transnistria), these policies were genocidal. In the rest of Romania, thousands of Jews were also killed, including 8,000 in the Iaşi pogrom in 1941. In all, 270,000 Romanian and Ukrainian Jews fell victim to Antonescu's regime. Pp. 92-97 contain a chronology of events between December 1937-August 1944. Pp. 98-128 contain statistical data on the Holocaust in the areas under Romanian control during World War II.

Romania and the Holocaust

Author : Simon Geissbühler
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 3838269241
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (382 download)

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Book Synopsis Romania and the Holocaust by : Simon Geissbühler

Download or read book Romania and the Holocaust written by Simon Geissbühler and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2016-10-11 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From summer 1941 onwards, Romania actively pursued at its own initiative the mass killing of Jews in the territories it controlled. 1941 saw 13,000 Jewish residents of the Romanian city of Ia?i killed, the extermination of thousands of Jews in Northern Bukovina and Bessarabia by Romanian armed forces and local people, large-scale deportations of Jews to the camps and ghettos of Transnistria, and massacres in and around Odessa. Overall, more than 300,000 Jews of Romanian and Soviet or Ukrainian origin were murdered in Romanian-controlled territories during the Second World War. In this volume, a number of renowned experts shed light on the events, the contexts, and the aftermath of this under-researched and lesser-known dimension of the Holocaust. 75 years on, this book gives a much-needed impetus to research on the Holocaust in Romania and Romanian-controlled territories.

The Economic Destruction of Romanian Jewry

Author : Jean Ancel
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Economic Destruction of Romanian Jewry by : Jean Ancel

Download or read book The Economic Destruction of Romanian Jewry written by Jean Ancel and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes Romania's antisemitic policies in the interwar period and the genocide of Jews in Romania and Romanian-controlled Transnistria (including Odessa) during World War II, stressing the economic aspect of these policies. The first clearly antisemitic law enacted in Romania was the Law to Reexamine Citizenship of January 1938, which stripped thousands of Jews of their citizenship. The great upheavals of 1938-42, including the loss of territories in 1940, an attempted Legionnaire takover in January 1941, and Romania's entrance into the war in June 1941, brought about an escalation in antisemitic policies. These included a boycott of Jewish trade, seizure of Jewish property, dismissals of Jewish workers, forced labor, measures to Romanize the country's cultural and intellectual life, and outright plunder. The Iron Guard played a leading role in the economic destruction of Romanian Jewry, reinforced with terror. Antonescu tried not to lag behind the previous Iron Guard regime in expropriation policies. The genocidal acts of Antonescu's regime (e.g. the pogrom in Iaşi and murders in Bessarabia, Bukovina, Odessa, and Transnistria) were accompanied by expropriation of Jewish property, plunder, extortion of money by selling food and water at inflated prices in ghettos and camps, and exploitation of Jewish labor.

The Holocaust in the Romanian Borderlands

Author : Mihai I Poliec
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429561261
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (295 download)

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Book Synopsis The Holocaust in the Romanian Borderlands by : Mihai I Poliec

Download or read book The Holocaust in the Romanian Borderlands written by Mihai I Poliec and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-06-14 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines the changing role which ordinary members of society played in the state-sponsored persecution of the Jews in Bukovina and Bessarabia, both during the summer of 1941, when Romania joined the Nazi invasion of the Soviet Union, and beyond. It establishes different patterns of civilian complicity and discusses the significance of the phenomenon in the context of the exterminatory campaign pursued by the Romanian military authorities against the Jews living in the borderlands.

Shattered! 50 Years of Silence

Author : Felicia Steigman Carmelly
Publisher : Scarborough, Ont. : Abbeyfield Publishers
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 544 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Shattered! 50 Years of Silence by : Felicia Steigman Carmelly

Download or read book Shattered! 50 Years of Silence written by Felicia Steigman Carmelly and published by Scarborough, Ont. : Abbeyfield Publishers. This book was released on 1997 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pt. 1 (pp. 1-176), "Geographic and Historic Background", contains a historical essay on the Holocaust in Romania and Romanian-annexed Transnistria. Deals with the antisemitic policies of Antonescu's regime in 1940-44; pogroms in Romania before it entered the war (e.g. in Dorohoi and Bucharest), the pogrom in Iaşi in June-July 1941, and pogroms in reconquered Bessarabia and northern Bukovina; deportations of Jews to Transnistria; the Odessa massacre in October 1941 and the massacres in Bogdanovka, Domanyovka, and Akhmechetka; assistance given by Jews in Romania to the deportees in Transnistria; activities of the Zionist underground during the war. Pt. 2 (pp. 179-464), "Personal Testimonies", contains accounts of survival in Vapnyarka, Sharhorod, Mogilyov-Podolskii, Odessa, Bogdanovka, and other towns and camps in Transnistria. Pt. 3 (pp. 465-498) contains lists of those who perished in Transnistria, photographs of memorials, tables, documents, and maps.

Final Report

Author : International Commission on the Holocaust in Romania
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Final Report by : International Commission on the Holocaust in Romania

Download or read book Final Report written by International Commission on the Holocaust in Romania and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Commission on the Holocaust in Romania was established in October 2003 on the initiative of Ion Iliescu, the President of Romania; this final report was presented to him in November 2004. The aim of the Commission was to research the facts and determine the truth about the Holocaust in Romania during World War II. The report examines various aspects of the state-organized participation of Romania in the mass murder of Jews in Romania and in Romanian-controlled territories, as well as in northern Transylvania where the genocide was perpetrated by the Nazis and their Hungarian allies. Inter alia, it discusses antisemitism and the evolution of Romanian anti-Jewish policies from the late 1930s to 1944, the impact of the Soviet annexation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina on antisemitism in Romania, anti-Jewish incidents in 1940 and the pogroms in Bucharest and Iaşi, mass murders of Jews in the recaptured provinces and deportation to Transnistria in 1941, mass murder of Jews in Odessa and in Transnistrian camps, the "Romanianization" of the economy and the expropriation of Romanian Jews, the reaction of the Jewish community in Romania to anti-Jewish policies, and the personal responsibility of Ion Antonescu for the genocide. Relates, also, to war crimes trials held in Romania, and to the trivialization of the Holocaust and its "selective" and outright denial in postwar Romania.

The Origins and Onset of the Romanian Holocaust

Author : Henry Eaton
Publisher : Wayne State University Press
ISBN 13 : 0814338569
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (143 download)

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Book Synopsis The Origins and Onset of the Romanian Holocaust by : Henry Eaton

Download or read book The Origins and Onset of the Romanian Holocaust written by Henry Eaton and published by Wayne State University Press. This book was released on 2013-05-15 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first mass killings of the Romanian Holocaust in late June to early July 1941 brutally claimed thousands of victims and marked the beginning of the government's plan to "cleanse the land" of Jews. Moreover, of all the Third Reich's allies, only Romania undertook its genocide campaign without the intervention of Himmler's SS. In The Origins and Onset of the Romanian Holocaust, author Henry Eaton traces the historical path to this tragedy by examining both Romania's antisemitic history and looking at the initial mass killings in detail. First, Eaton traces the roots of the Romanian government's decision to exterminate Jews in Romania and in its annexed areas through its long and often violent antisemitic past. While the decision to target the Jews might have been ordered by dictator Ion Antonescu and his top civil and military officials, Eaton argues that it found its basis in an entrenched cultural abuse of Jews dating back to the nineteenth century. In the second section, Eaton analyzes the Romanian government's first killing operations: the execution of 311 Jewish men, women, and children at Stânca Rosnovanu by men of the Romanian 6th Cavalry Regiment; the great pogrom in the city of Iasi triggered by agents of the government's intelligence service; and the two "death trains" in which some 2,700 pogrom survivors perished in freight cars turned into ovens by the summer heat. In the final chapters, Eaton examines the victims and perpetrators in detail and addresses the possible German connections to the killings. The Origins and Onset of the Romanian Holocaust persuasively challenges the idea that Romania's adoption of murder as state policy was due to outside pressure. Eaton's volume will be illuminating reading for Holocaust studies scholars and readers interested in World War II history.

Hitler's Forgotten Ally

Author : D. Deletant
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 0230502091
Total Pages : 389 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Hitler's Forgotten Ally by : D. Deletant

Download or read book Hitler's Forgotten Ally written by D. Deletant and published by Springer. This book was released on 2006-04-12 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first complete study in English of Antonescu's part in the Second World War. Antonescu was a major ally of Hitler and Romania fielded the third largest Axis army, joined the Tripartite Pact in November 1940 as a sovereign state and participated in the attack on the Soviet Union of 22 June 1941 as an equal partner of Germany.

The Holocaust and the Germanization of Ukraine

Author : Eric C. Steinhart
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 131624041X
Total Pages : 277 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (162 download)

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Book Synopsis The Holocaust and the Germanization of Ukraine by : Eric C. Steinhart

Download or read book The Holocaust and the Germanization of Ukraine written by Eric C. Steinhart and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-02-09 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The German invasion of the Soviet Union during the Second World War was central to Nazi plans for territorial expansion and genocidal demographic revolution. To create 'living space', Nazi Germany pursued two policies. The first was the systematic murder of millions of Jews, Slavs, Roma, and other groups that the Nazis found undesirable on racial, religious, ethnic, ideological, hereditary, or behavioral grounds. It also pursued a parallel, albeit smaller, program to mobilize supposedly Germanic residents of Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union - so-called Volksdeutsche or ethnic Germans - as the vanguard of German expansion. This study recovers the intersection of these two projects in Transnistria, a portion of southern Ukraine that, because of its numerous Volksdeutsche communities, became an epicenter of both Nazi Volksdeutsche policy and the Holocaust in conquered Soviet territory, ultimately asking why local residents, whom German authorities identified as Volksdeutsche, participated in the Holocaust with apparent enthusiasm.

Jewish Forced Labor in Romania, 1940–1944

Author : Dallas Michelbacher
Publisher : Indiana University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780253047434
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (474 download)

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Book Synopsis Jewish Forced Labor in Romania, 1940–1944 by : Dallas Michelbacher

Download or read book Jewish Forced Labor in Romania, 1940–1944 written by Dallas Michelbacher and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 2020-05-05 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Between Romania's entry into World War II in 1941 and the ouster of dictator Ion Antonescu three years later, over 105,000 Jews were forced to work in internment and labor camps, labor battalions, government institutions, and private industry. Particularly for those in the labor battalions, this period was characterized by extraordinary physical and psychological suffering, hunger, inadequate shelter, and dangerous or even deadly working conditions. And yet the situation that arose from the combination of Antonescu's paranoias and the peculiarities of the Romanian system of forced-labor organization meant that most Jewish laborers survived. Jewish Forced Labor in Romania explores the ideological and legal background of this system of forced labor, its purpose, and its evolution. Author Dallas Michelbacher examines the relationship between the system of forced labor and the Romanian government's plans for the "solution to the Jewish question." In doing so, Michelbacher highlights the key differences between the Romanian system of forced labor and the well-documented use of forced labor in Nazi Germany and neighboring Hungary. Jewish Forced Labor in Romania explores the internal logic of the Antonescu regime and how it balanced its ideological imperative for antisemitic persecution with the economic needs of a state engaged in total war whose economy was still heavily dependent on the skills of its Jewish population.

The History of the Holocaust in Romania

Author : Jean Ancel
Publisher : Comprehensive History of the H
ISBN 13 : 9780803290617
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis The History of the Holocaust in Romania by : Jean Ancel

Download or read book The History of the Holocaust in Romania written by Jean Ancel and published by Comprehensive History of the H. This book was released on 2017-05-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing from an exhaustive collection of original Jewish accounts and sources not available until the fall of Nicolae Ceausescu in the late 1980s, Jean Ancel provides a detailed analysis of the path of antisemitism that led to the unspeakable horrors of the Holocaust in Romania. The Romanians and other nations inside and outside the Balkans related differently to "their Jews" and "other Jews," that is, those living in districts annexed to Romania after the First World War and those in areas occupied and annexed to the Romanian military administration after the Soviet invasion in June 1941. The Jews of the Regat, the core Romanian principality, suffered pogroms, decrees, and degradation, but on the whole they survived the Holocaust. Although more Jews survived in Romania than in any other non-occupied country allied with Germany, contemporary Romanian sources show that the Antonescu regime and Romania itself killed at least 400,000 Jews, including 180,000 Ukranian Jews. Among Nazi Germany's allies, Romania contributed most to the extermination of the Jewish people. Jean Ancel (1940-2008) was a Romanian-born Israeli independent historian and a research associate of Yad Vashem's International Institute for Holocaust Research. He is the author and editor of numerous books, including The Economic Destruction of Romanian Jewry (Yad Vashem, 2007), Prelude to Mass Murder: The Pogrom in Iisi, Romania, June 28 and Thereafter (Yad Vashem, 2014), and Resisting the Storm: Romania, 1940-1947: Memoirs.

The Ransom of the Jews

Author : Radu Ioanid
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1538140756
Total Pages : 433 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (381 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ransom of the Jews by : Radu Ioanid

Download or read book The Ransom of the Jews written by Radu Ioanid and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2021-06-23 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After 1948, the 370,000 Jews of Romania who survived the Holocaust became one of the main sources of immigration for the new state of Israel as almost all left their homeland to settle in Palestine and Israel. Romania's decision to allow its Jews to leave was baldly practical: Israel paid for them, and Romania wanted influence in the Middle East. For its part, Israel was rescuing a community threatened by economic and cultural extinction and at the same time strengthening itself with a massive infusion of new immigrants. Radu Ioanid traces the secret history of the longest and most expensive ransom arrangement in recent times, a hidden exchange that lasted until the fall of the Communist regime. Including a wealth of recently declassified documents from the archives of the Romanian secret police, this updated edition follows Israel’s long and expensive ransom arrangement with Communist Romania. Ioanid uncovers the elaborate mechanisms that made it successful for decades, the shadowy figures responsible, and the secret channels of communication and payment. As suspenseful as a Cold-War thriller, his book tells the full, startling story of an unprecedented slave trade.

Jews and Germans in Eastern Europe

Author : Tobias Grill
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110492482
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Jews and Germans in Eastern Europe by : Tobias Grill

Download or read book Jews and Germans in Eastern Europe written by Tobias Grill and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-09-24 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For many centuries Jews and Germans were economically and culturally of significant importance in East-Central and Eastern Europe. Since both groups had a very similar background of origin (Central Europe) and spoke languages which are related to each other (German/Yiddish), the question arises to what extent Jews and Germans in Eastern Europe share common historical developments and experiences. This volume aims to explore not only entanglements and interdependences of Jews and Germans in Eastern Europe from the late middle ages to the 20th century, but also comparative aspects of these two communities. Moreover, the perception of Jews as Germans in this region is also discussed in detail.

The Shoah in Ukraine

Author : Ray Brandon
Publisher : Indiana University Press
ISBN 13 : 0253001595
Total Pages : 394 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (53 download)

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Book Synopsis The Shoah in Ukraine by : Ray Brandon

Download or read book The Shoah in Ukraine written by Ray Brandon and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 2008-05-28 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On the eve of the Nazi invasion of the USSR in 1941, Ukraine was home to the largest Jewish community in Europe. Between 1941 and 1944, some 1.4 million Jews were killed there, and one of the most important centers of Jewish life was destroyed. Yet, little is known about this chapter of Holocaust history. Drawing on archival sources from the former Soviet Union and bringing together researchers from Ukraine, Germany, Great Britain, the Netherlands, and the United States, The Shoah in Ukraine sheds light on the critical themes of perpetration, collaboration, Jewish-Ukrainian relations, testimony, rescue, and Holocaust remembrance in Ukraine. Contributors are Andrej Angrick, Omer Bartov, Karel C. Berkhoff, Ray Brandon, Martin Dean, Dennis Deletant, Frank Golczewski, Alexander Kruglov, Wendy Lower, Dieter Pohl, and Timothy Snyder.