The Contribution Of Skilled Immigration And International Graduated Students To Us Innovation

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The Contribution of Skilled Immigration and International Graduate Students to U.S. Innovation

Author : Gnanaraj Chellaraj
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0505151251
Total Pages : 35 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis The Contribution of Skilled Immigration and International Graduate Students to U.S. Innovation by : Gnanaraj Chellaraj

Download or read book The Contribution of Skilled Immigration and International Graduate Students to U.S. Innovation written by Gnanaraj Chellaraj and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: The impact of international students and skilled immigration in the United States on innovative activity is estimated using a model of idea generation. In the main specification a system of three equations is estimated, where dependent variables are total patent applications, patents awarded to U.S. universities, and patents awarded to other U.S. entities, each scaled by the domestic labor force. Results indicate that both international graduate students and skilled immigrants have a significant and positive impact on future patent applications, as well as on future patents awarded to university and nonuniversity institutions. The central estimates suggest that a 10 percent increase in the number of foreign graduate students would raise patent applications by 4.7 percent, university patent grants by 5.3 percent, and nonuniversity patent grants by 6.7 percent. Thus, reductions in foreign graduate students from visa restrictions could significantly reduce U.S. innovative activity. Increases in skilled immigration also have a positive, but smaller, impact on patenting.

The Contribution of Skilled Immigration and International Graduate Students to U.S. Innovation

Author : Gnanaraj Chellaraj
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (931 download)

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Book Synopsis The Contribution of Skilled Immigration and International Graduate Students to U.S. Innovation by : Gnanaraj Chellaraj

Download or read book The Contribution of Skilled Immigration and International Graduate Students to U.S. Innovation written by Gnanaraj Chellaraj and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The impact of international students and skilled immigration in the United States on innovative activity is estimated using a model of idea generation. In the main specification a system of three equations is estimated, where dependent variables are total patent applications, patents awarded to U.S. universities, and patents awarded to other U.S. entities, each scaled by the domestic labor force. Results indicate that both international graduate students and skilled immigrants have a significant and positive impact on future patent applications, as well as on future patents awarded to university and nonuniversity institutions. The central estimates suggest that a 10 percent increase in the number of foreign graduate students would raise patent applications by 4.7 percent, university patent grants by 5.3 percent, and nonuniversity patent grants by 6.7 percent. Thus, reductions in foreign graduate students from visa restrictions could significantly reduce U.S. innovative activity. Increases in skilled immigration also have a positive, but smaller, impact on patenting.

The Contribution of Skilled Immigration and International Graduate Students to U.S. Innovation

Author : Gnanaraj Chellaraj
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 33 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (611 download)

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Book Synopsis The Contribution of Skilled Immigration and International Graduate Students to U.S. Innovation by : Gnanaraj Chellaraj

Download or read book The Contribution of Skilled Immigration and International Graduate Students to U.S. Innovation written by Gnanaraj Chellaraj and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The impact of international students and skilled immigration in the United States on innovative activity is estimated using a model of idea generation. In the main specification a system of three equations is estimated, where dependent variables are total patent applications, patents awarded to U.S. universities, and patents awarded to other U.S. entities, each scaled by the domestic labor force. Results indicate that both international graduate students and skilled immigrants have a significant and positive impact on future patent applications, as well as on future patents awarded to university and nonuniversity institutions. The central estimates suggest that a 10 percent increase in the number of foreign graduate students would raise patent applications by 4.7 percent, university patent grants by 5.3 percent, and nonuniversity patent grants by 6.7 percent. Thus, reductions in foreign graduate students from visa restrictions could significantly reduce U.S. innovative activity. Increases in skilled immigration also have a positive, but smaller, impact on patenting.

Contribution of International Graduate Students to US Innovation

Author : Gnanaraj Chellaraj
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis Contribution of International Graduate Students to US Innovation by : Gnanaraj Chellaraj

Download or read book Contribution of International Graduate Students to US Innovation written by Gnanaraj Chellaraj and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Roles of Immigrants and Foreign Students in US Science, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship

Author : Ina Ganguli
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022669576X
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (266 download)

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Book Synopsis The Roles of Immigrants and Foreign Students in US Science, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship by : Ina Ganguli

Download or read book The Roles of Immigrants and Foreign Students in US Science, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship written by Ina Ganguli and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2020-02-19 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The number of immigrants in the US science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) workforce and among recipients of advanced STEM degrees at US universities has increased in recent decades. In light of the current public debate about immigration, there is a need for evidence on the economic impacts of immigrants on the STEM workforce and on innovation. Using new data and state-of-the-art empirical methods, this volume examines various aspects of the relationships between immigration, innovation, and entrepreneurship, including the effects of changes in the number of immigrants and their skill composition on the rate of innovation; the relationship between high-skilled immigration and entrepreneurship; and the differences between immigrant and native entrepreneurs. It presents new evidence on the postgraduation migration patterns of STEM doctoral recipients, in particular the likelihood these graduates will return to their home country. This volume also examines the role of the US higher education system and of US visa policy in attracting foreign students for graduate study and retaining them after graduation.

The Contribution of Skilled Immigration and International Graduated Students to U.S. Innovation

Author : Gnanaraj Chellaraj
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 33 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (255 download)

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Book Synopsis The Contribution of Skilled Immigration and International Graduated Students to U.S. Innovation by : Gnanaraj Chellaraj

Download or read book The Contribution of Skilled Immigration and International Graduated Students to U.S. Innovation written by Gnanaraj Chellaraj and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

U.S. High-Skilled Immigration, Innovation and Entrepreneurship: Empirical Approaches and Evidence

Author : World Intellectual Property Organization
Publisher : WIPO
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis U.S. High-Skilled Immigration, Innovation and Entrepreneurship: Empirical Approaches and Evidence by : World Intellectual Property Organization

Download or read book U.S. High-Skilled Immigration, Innovation and Entrepreneurship: Empirical Approaches and Evidence written by World Intellectual Property Organization and published by WIPO. This book was released on 2013 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-skilled immigrants are a very important component of U.S. innovation and entrepreneurship. Studies regarding the impact of immigrants on natives tend to find limited consequences in the short-run, while the results in the long-run are more varied and much less certain. Immigrants in the United States aid business and technology exchanges with their home countries, but the overall effect that the migration has on the home country remains unclear. Little is known about return migration of workers engaged in innovation and entrepreneurship, except that it is rapidly growing in importance.

Innovation Policy and the Economy 2014

Author : William R. Kerr
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022626856X
Total Pages : 211 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (262 download)

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Book Synopsis Innovation Policy and the Economy 2014 by : William R. Kerr

Download or read book Innovation Policy and the Economy 2014 written by William R. Kerr and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2015-03-22 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fifteenth volume of Innovation Policy and the Economy is the first to focus on a single theme: high-skilled immigration to the United States. The first paper is the product of a long-term research effort on the impact of immigration to the United States of Russian mathematicians beginning around 1990 as the Soviet Union collapsed. The second paper describes how obtaining a degree from a US undergraduate university can open an important pathway for immigrants to participate in the US labor market in IT occupations. The third paper considers the changing nature of postdoctoral positions in science departments, which are disproportionately held by immigrant researchers. The fourth paper considers the role of US firms in high-skilled immigration. The last paper describes how strong growth in global scientific and technological knowledge production has reduced the share of world scientific activity in the United States, increased the immigrant proportion of scientists and engineers at US universities and firms, and fostered cross-border collaborations for US scientists.

The Contribution of High-Skilled Immigrants to Innovation in the United States

Author : Shai Bernstein
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis The Contribution of High-Skilled Immigrants to Innovation in the United States by : Shai Bernstein

Download or read book The Contribution of High-Skilled Immigrants to Innovation in the United States written by Shai Bernstein and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We characterize the contribution of immigrants to US innovation, both through their direct productivity as well as through their indirect spillover effects on their native collaborators. To do so, we link patent records to a database containing the first five digits of more than 230 million of Social Security Numbers (SSN). By combining this part of the SSN together with year of birth, we identify whether individuals are immigrants based on the age at which their Social Security Number is assigned. We find immigrants represent 16 percent of all US inventors, but produced 23 percent of total innovation output, as measured by number of patents, patent citations, and the economic value of these patents. Immigrant inventors are more likely to rely on foreign technologies, to collaborate with foreign inventors, and to be cited in foreign markets, thus contributing to the importation and diffusion of ideas across borders. Using an identification strategy that exploits premature inventor deaths, we find that immigrant inventors create especially strong positive externalities on the innovation production of their collaborators, while natives have a much weaker impact. A simple decomposition illustrates that immigrants are responsible for 36% of aggregate innovation, two-thirds of which is due to their innovation externalities on their native-born collaborators.

Industrial Organization, Trade, and Social Interaction

Author : Gregory K. Dow
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
ISBN 13 : 0802097022
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Industrial Organization, Trade, and Social Interaction by : Gregory K. Dow

Download or read book Industrial Organization, Trade, and Social Interaction written by Gregory K. Dow and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: B. Curtis Eaton is one of Canada's leading microeconomists. As an applied economic theorist, Eaton has contributed greatly to industrial organization literature and has also worked in labour economics, economic geography, and organizational theory. The essays in this volume, by former students and present and former colleagues, call attention to the path-breaking work of Professor Eaton. The first two chapters provide a short overview of Eaton's research contributions and argue that his work laid the foundation for important research programs across the country. The remaining chapters, including an unpublished paper by Eaton himself, consist of original work that can be divided into the three broad categories of industrial organization and spatial competition, trade and productivity, and social interaction. Not only a collection of laudatory essays, Industrial Organization, Trade, and Social Interaction presents cutting edge research by leading scholars.

International Handbook of Research on Multicultural Science Education

Author : Mary M. Atwater
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030831221
Total Pages : 1629 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis International Handbook of Research on Multicultural Science Education by : Mary M. Atwater

Download or read book International Handbook of Research on Multicultural Science Education written by Mary M. Atwater and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-30 with total page 1629 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook gathers in one volume the major research and scholarship related to multicultural science education that has developed since the field was named and established by Atwater in 1993. Culture is defined in this handbook as an integrated pattern of shared values, beliefs, languages, worldviews, behaviors, artifacts, knowledge, and social and political relationships of a group of people in a particular place or time that the people use to understand or make meaning of their world, each other, and other groups of people and to transmit these to succeeding generations. The research studies include both different kinds of qualitative and quantitative studies. The chapters in this volume reflect differing ideas about culture and its impact on science learning and teaching in different K-14 contexts and policy issues. Research findings about groups that are underrepresented in STEM in the United States, and in other countries related to language issues and indigenous knowledge are included in this volume.

Policy Implications of International Graduate Students and Postdoctoral Scholars in the United States

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309096138
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Policy Implications of International Graduate Students and Postdoctoral Scholars in the United States by : National Research Council

Download or read book Policy Implications of International Graduate Students and Postdoctoral Scholars in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-10-12 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Policy Implications of International Graduate Students and Postdoctoral Scholars in the United States explores the role and impact of students and scholars on US educational institutions and the US economy. The nation has drawn increasingly on human resources abroad for its science and engineering workforce. However, competition for talent has grown as other countries have expanded their research infrastructure and created more opportunities for international students. The report discusses trends in international student enrollments, stay rates, and examines the impact of visa policies on international mobility of the highly skilled.

Immigrants

Author : Philippe Legrain
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400865417
Total Pages : 391 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Immigrants by : Philippe Legrain

Download or read book Immigrants written by Philippe Legrain and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2014-11-28 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immigration divides our globalizing world like no other issue. We are swamped by illegal immigrants and infiltrated by terrorists, our jobs stolen, our welfare system abused, our way of life destroyed--or so we are told. At a time when National Guard units are deployed alongside vigilante Minutemen on the U.S.-Mexico border, where the death toll in the past decade now exceeds 9/11's, Philippe Legrain has written the first book about immigration that looks beyond the headlines. Why are ever-rising numbers of people from poor countries arriving in the United States, Europe, and Australia? Can we keep them out? Should we even be trying? Combining compelling firsthand reporting from around the world, incisive socioeconomic analysis, and a broad understanding of what's at stake politically and culturally, Immigrants is a passionate but lucid book. In our open world, more people will inevitably move across borders, Legrain says--and we should generally welcome them. They do the jobs we can't or won't do--and their diversity enriches us all. Left and Right, free marketeers and campaigners for global justice, enlightened patriots--all should rally behind the cause of freer migration, because They need Us and We need Them.

International Innovation Networks and Knowledge Migration

Author : Andreas Pyka
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317429028
Total Pages : 365 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)

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Book Synopsis International Innovation Networks and Knowledge Migration by : Andreas Pyka

Download or read book International Innovation Networks and Knowledge Migration written by Andreas Pyka and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-07-15 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Migration is conceived differently in Europe compared with countries like the US, Canada or Australia. International Innovation Networks and Knowledge Migration confronts traditional views on migration with modern theories of brain circulation and innovation networks, showing that migration leads to mutual benefits for both the home and host countries This new volume brings together several case studies and empirical in-depth analyses which are constructed from the strong migration relationship between Turkey and Germany that has existed for more than 50 years. Bringing together over 20 international contributors, this book highlights that knowledge migration and cultural diversity can strongly stimulate entrepreneurial activities, competence acquisition and economic development of countries and regions. The authors highlight the considerable scope for improvement of European migration policies in order to be better prepared to successfully process structural changes stemming from an aging society in Europe, and an increasing international division of labour. This volume is suitable for those who study industrial economics, international economics and European economics. It is also of interest to those who want to delve deeper into the Turkish-German migration nexus.

Journal of International Students, 2019 Vol 9(3)

Author : Krishna Bista
Publisher : OJED/STAR
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 932 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Journal of International Students, 2019 Vol 9(3) by : Krishna Bista

Download or read book Journal of International Students, 2019 Vol 9(3) written by Krishna Bista and published by OJED/STAR. This book was released on 2019-08-10 with total page 932 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Journal of International Students (JIS), an academic, interdisciplinary, and peer-reviewed publication (Print ISSN 2162-3104 & Online ISSN 2166-3750), publishes scholarly peer reviewed articles on international students in tertiary education, secondary education, and other educational settings that make significant contributions to research, policy, and practice in the internationalization of higher education. visit: www.ojed.org/jis EDITORIAL Focusing on International Graduate Students Shyam Sharma RESEARCH ARTICLES The Price of Being International Career Outcomes of International Master's Recipients in U.S. Labor Market Xiushan Jiang, Dongbin Kim 732-757 Motivations for Studying Abroad and Immigration Intentions: The Case of Vietnamese Students Tran Le Huu Nghia 758-776 Social Capital and the U.S. College Experiences of International Student-Athletes and Non-Athletes Helen Forbes-Mewett, Madeleine Pape 777-794 Satisfiers and Dissatisfiers for International Vocational Education Students: A Case Study Using Narrative Frames Jonathon Ryan, Michael Rabbidge, Yi Wang, Jenny Field 795-814 Jeitinho as a Coping Strategy Used by Brazilian International Students for Acculturative Stress Silvia Alves Nishioka, Defne Akol 815-833 Exploring Oral English Learning Motivation in Chinese International Students with Low Oral English Proficiency Deyu Xing, Benjamin Bolden 834-855 Understanding Ostracism from Attachment Perspective: Testing a Moderated Mediation Model Ning Hou, Jinyan Fan, James Tan, Melissa Stuhlman, Cong Liu, Gustavo Valdez 856-872 Examining the Correlation between American Students’ Cultural Intelligence, Political Affiliations, and Their Social Distances from Their International Peers Sami B Mejri 873-895 Familiarity as a Family Close Friendships Between Malaysian Students and their Co-National Friends in the UK Nur Hafeeza Ahmad Pazil 896-911 RESEARCH IN BRIEF Mentoring and Supervising International Students in School Counseling Programs Bridget Asempapa 912-928 BOOK REVIEWS International Students in First-Year Writing A Journey Through Socio-Academic Space Anthony Schmidt 929-932

Making Value for America

Author : National Academy of Engineering
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309326567
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Making Value for America by : National Academy of Engineering

Download or read book Making Value for America written by National Academy of Engineering and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-02-27 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globalization, developments in technology, and new business models are transforming the way products and services are conceived, designed, made, and distributed in the U.S. and around the world. These forces present challenges - lower wages and fewer jobs for a growing fraction of middle-class workers - as well as opportunities for "makers" and aspiring entrepreneurs to create entirely new types of businesses and jobs. Making Value for America examines these challenges and opportunities and offers recommendations for collaborative actions between government, industry, and education institutions to help ensure that the U.S. thrives amid global economic changes and remains a leading environment for innovation. Filled with real-life examples, Making Value for America presents a roadmap to enhance the nation's capacity to pursue opportunities and adapt to transforming value chains by widespread adoption of best practices, a well-prepared and innovative workforce, local innovation networks to support startups and new products, improved flow of capital investments, and infrastructure upgrades.

Internationalization of Higher Education in East Asia

Author : Ka-Ho Mok
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134715005
Total Pages : 219 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (347 download)

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Book Synopsis Internationalization of Higher Education in East Asia by : Ka-Ho Mok

Download or read book Internationalization of Higher Education in East Asia written by Ka-Ho Mok and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-12 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rise in demand for higher education in the Asia-Pacific region is an undeniable reflection of the growing pace of globalization and the subsequent pressures imposed by it. Aspiring to become globally competitive and to position favourably in the global university league tables, governments in Asia have either engaged in a serious quest to become a regional education hub or they have concentrated on developing transnational higher education to create more opportunities, in order to meet their citizens’ pressing demand for higher education. Internationalization of Higher Education in East Asia critically examines and provides comparative perspectives on the major strategies that selected Asian countries and societies have adopted to transform their higher education sector and enhance their national competitiveness in the increasingly globalized world. This volume by leading scholars in the field of education development and policy studies makes critical reflections on how Asian governments in particular and universities in general have responded to the growing challenges of globalization by promoting more internationalization, student mobility and entrepreneurship in higher education. This book is an essential collection for policy makers, researchers and postgraduate students studying higher education, Asian education and international education.