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The Comparison Of Forecasting Performance Of Historical Volatility Versus Realized Volatility
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Book Synopsis The Comparison of Forecasting Performance of Historical Volatility Versus Realized Volatility by : Linkai Huang
Download or read book The Comparison of Forecasting Performance of Historical Volatility Versus Realized Volatility written by Linkai Huang and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When forecasting stock market volatility with a standard volatility method (GARCH), it is common that the forecast evaluation criteria often suggests that the realized volatility (the sum of squared high-frequency returns) has a better prediction performance compared to the historical volatility (extracted from the close-to-close return). Since many extensions of the GARCH model have been developed, we follow the previous works to compare the historical volatility with many new GARCH family models (i.e., EGARCH, TGARCH, and APARCH model) and realized volatility with the ARMA model. Our analysis is based on the S&P 500 index from August 1st, 2018 to February 1st, 2019 (127 trading days), and the data has been separated into an estimation period (90 trading days) and an evaluation period (37 trading days). In the evaluation period, by taking realized volatility as the proxy of the true volatility, our empirical result shows that the realized volatility with ARMA model provides more accurate predictions, compared to the historical volatility with the GARCH family models.
Book Synopsis A Practical Guide to Forecasting Financial Market Volatility by : Ser-Huang Poon
Download or read book A Practical Guide to Forecasting Financial Market Volatility written by Ser-Huang Poon and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-08-19 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Financial market volatility forecasting is one of today's most important areas of expertise for professionals and academics in investment, option pricing, and financial market regulation. While many books address financial market modelling, no single book is devoted primarily to the exploration of volatility forecasting and the practical use of forecasting models. A Practical Guide to Forecasting Financial Market Volatility provides practical guidance on this vital topic through an in-depth examination of a range of popular forecasting models. Details are provided on proven techniques for building volatility models, with guide-lines for actually using them in forecasting applications.
Book Synopsis Forecasting Volatility Using Long Memory and Comovements by : George J. Jiang
Download or read book Forecasting Volatility Using Long Memory and Comovements written by George J. Jiang and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Horizon-matched historical volatility is commonly used to forecast future volatility for option valuation under the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards 123R. In this paper, we empirically investigate the performance of using historical volatility to forecast long-term stock return volatility in comparison with a number of alternative forecasting methods. Analyzing forecasting errors and their impact on reported income due to option expensing, we find that historical volatility is a poor forecast for long-term volatility and shrinkage adjustment towards comparable-firm volatility only slightly improves its performance. Forecasting performance can be improved substantially by incorporating both long memory and comovements with common market factors. We also experiment with a simple mixed-horizon realized volatility model and find its long-term forecasting performance to be more accurate than historical forecasts but less accurate than long-memory forecasts.
Book Synopsis Forecasting Realized Volatility by : Daniele Mastro
Download or read book Forecasting Realized Volatility written by Daniele Mastro and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volatility forecasting is a critical task in financial markets and its importance has increased exponentially after the 2007-2008 financial crisis. As today, there is a lack of consensus among academics and practitioners on which is the most suitable forecasting model.This study contemplates two different categories of models: the well-known ARCH-family models, which model the historical volatility (or conditional variance) and the HAR-RV developed by Corsi (2004), which considers realized measures (the so called realized volatility). To compare the performance of the selected models the study proposes an in-sample as well as an out-of-sample comparison of the Mean Squared Errors (MSE) between the forecasted volatilities versus the actual or observed volatilities. The research focuses on four of the major equity indexes worldwide: the Standard and Poor's 500 (SPX), the FTSE 100 (UKX), the Deutsche Börse Stock Index (DAX) and the Nikkei 255 (NKY) from the 1st September 2009 to the 30th June 2014.The results of this paper are consistent with the recent literature. The HAR- RV outperforms ARCH-family models no matter the index and the time horizon, confirming that the realized volatility is by far a more precise measure of volatility than conditional variance. Also, log-realized volatilities are to be preferred in using the HAR-RV given the lognormal distribution of realized volatility, as suggested by Corsi (2009).
Book Synopsis Volatility and Correlation by : Riccardo Rebonato
Download or read book Volatility and Correlation written by Riccardo Rebonato and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-07-08 with total page 864 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Volatility and Correlation 2nd edition: The Perfect Hedger and the Fox, Rebonato looks at derivatives pricing from the angle of volatility and correlation. With both practical and theoretical applications, this is a thorough update of the highly successful Volatility & Correlation – with over 80% new or fully reworked material and is a must have both for practitioners and for students. The new and updated material includes a critical examination of the ‘perfect-replication’ approach to derivatives pricing, with special attention given to exotic options; a thorough analysis of the role of quadratic variation in derivatives pricing and hedging; a discussion of the informational efficiency of markets in commonly-used calibration and hedging practices. Treatment of new models including Variance Gamma, displaced diffusion, stochastic volatility for interest-rate smiles and equity/FX options. The book is split into four parts. Part I deals with a Black world without smiles, sets out the author’s ‘philosophical’ approach and covers deterministic volatility. Part II looks at smiles in equity and FX worlds. It begins with a review of relevant empirical information about smiles, and provides coverage of local-stochastic-volatility, general-stochastic-volatility, jump-diffusion and Variance-Gamma processes. Part II concludes with an important chapter that discusses if and to what extent one can dispense with an explicit specification of a model, and can directly prescribe the dynamics of the smile surface. Part III focusses on interest rates when the volatility is deterministic. Part IV extends this setting in order to account for smiles in a financially motivated and computationally tractable manner. In this final part the author deals with CEV processes, with diffusive stochastic volatility and with Markov-chain processes. Praise for the First Edition: “In this book, Dr Rebonato brings his penetrating eye to bear on option pricing and hedging.... The book is a must-read for those who already know the basics of options and are looking for an edge in applying the more sophisticated approaches that have recently been developed.” —Professor Ian Cooper, London Business School “Volatility and correlation are at the very core of all option pricing and hedging. In this book, Riccardo Rebonato presents the subject in his characteristically elegant and simple fashion...A rare combination of intellectual insight and practical common sense.” —Anthony Neuberger, London Business School
Book Synopsis Forecasting Volatility by : Stephen Figlewski
Download or read book Forecasting Volatility written by Stephen Figlewski and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Forecasting Volatility in the Financial Markets by : Stephen Satchell
Download or read book Forecasting Volatility in the Financial Markets written by Stephen Satchell and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-02-24 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forecasting Volatility in the Financial Markets, Third Edition assumes that the reader has a firm grounding in the key principles and methods of understanding volatility measurement and builds on that knowledge to detail cutting-edge modelling and forecasting techniques. It provides a survey of ways to measure risk and define the different models of volatility and return. Editors John Knight and Stephen Satchell have brought together an impressive array of contributors who present research from their area of specialization related to volatility forecasting. Readers with an understanding of volatility measures and risk management strategies will benefit from this collection of up-to-date chapters on the latest techniques in forecasting volatility. Chapters new to this third edition:* What good is a volatility model? Engle and Patton* Applications for portfolio variety Dan diBartolomeo* A comparison of the properties of realized variance for the FTSE 100 and FTSE 250 equity indices Rob Cornish* Volatility modeling and forecasting in finance Xiao and Aydemir* An investigation of the relative performance of GARCH models versus simple rules in forecasting volatility Thomas A. Silvey Leading thinkers present newest research on volatility forecasting International authors cover a broad array of subjects related to volatility forecasting Assumes basic knowledge of volatility, financial mathematics, and modelling
Book Synopsis Predicting Volatility by : Christopher Todd Higgins
Download or read book Predicting Volatility written by Christopher Todd Higgins and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Forecast Comparison of Volatility Models Using Realized Volatility by : Takahiro Hattori
Download or read book A Forecast Comparison of Volatility Models Using Realized Volatility written by Takahiro Hattori and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper first evaluates the volatility modeling in the Bitcoin market in terms of its realized volatility, which is considered to be a reliable proxy of its true volatility. In addition, we also rely on the important work by Patton (2011), which shows good measures for making the forecast accuracy robust to noise in the imperfect volatility proxy. We empirically show that (1) the asymmetric volatility models such as EGARCH and APARCH have a higher predictability, and (2) the volatility model with normal distribution performs better than the fat-tailed distribution such as skewed t distribution.
Book Synopsis Forecasting Currency Volatility by : Shiu-yan Eddie Pong
Download or read book Forecasting Currency Volatility written by Shiu-yan Eddie Pong and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We compare forecasts of the realized volatility of the pound, mark and yen exchange rates against the dollar, calculated from intraday rates, over horizons ranging from one day to three months. Our forecasts are obtained from a short memory ARMA model, a long memory ARFIMA model, a GARCH model and option implied volatilities. We find intraday rates provide the most accurate forecasts for the one-day and one-week forecast horizons while implied volatilities are at least as accurate as the historical forecasts for the one-month and three-month horizons. The superior accuracy of the historical forecasts, relative to implied volatilities, comes from the use of high frequency returns, and not from a long memory specification. We find significant incremental information in historical forecasts, beyond the implied volatility information, for forecast horizons up to one week.
Book Synopsis A Quick Tool to Forecast VaR Using Implied and Realized Volatilities by : Francesco Cesarone
Download or read book A Quick Tool to Forecast VaR Using Implied and Realized Volatilities written by Francesco Cesarone and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We propose here a naive model to forecast ex-ante Value-at-Risk (VaR) using a shrinkage estimator between realized volatility estimated on past return time series, and implied volatility extracted from option pricing data. Implied volatility is often indicated as the operators expectation about future risk, while the historical volatility straightforwardly represents the realized risk prior to the estimation point, which by definition is backward looking. In a nutshell, our prediction strategy for VaR uses information both on the expected future risk and on the past estimated risk.We examine our model, called Shrinked Volatility VaR, both in the univariate and in the multivariate cases, empirically comparing its forecasting power with that of two benchmark VaR estimation models based on the Historical Filtered Bootstrap and on the RiskMetrics approaches.The performance of all VaR models analyzed is evaluated using both statistical accuracy tests and efficiency evaluation tests, according to the Basel II and ESMA regulatory frameworks, on several major markets around the world over an out-of-sample period that covers different financial crises.Our results confirm the efficacy of the implied volatility indexes as inputs for a VaR model, but combined together with realized volatilities. Furthermore, due to its ease of implementation, our prediction strategy to forecast VaR could be used as a tool for portfolio managers to quickly monitor investment decisions before employing more sophisticated risk management systems.
Book Synopsis Long-Term Volatility Forecasting by : Nicholas Reitter
Download or read book Long-Term Volatility Forecasting written by Nicholas Reitter and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A variety of historical-volatility, peer-historical-volatility, implied-volatility and blended estimators of stock price volatility are developed and tested for a group of large U.S. companies over roughly a thirty-year window. Longer-term historical estimators (up to fifteen years) are found to outperform shorter-term estimators as forecasts of five- to seven-year realized volatility. Inclusion of implied volatility into forecasts at low weightings is found to have little discernible effect on overall results; at higher weightings, implied volatility appears actually to detract modestly from forecast accuracy. Nevertheless, certain correlations show that implied volatility may contribute strongly toward forecasting volatility in some situations. Finally, patterns of apparently-cyclical variation in historical forecast-errors are presented for exploration and inclusion in potential future modeling.
Book Synopsis An International Comparison of Implied, Realized and GARCH Volatility Forecasts by : Apostolos Kourtis
Download or read book An International Comparison of Implied, Realized and GARCH Volatility Forecasts written by Apostolos Kourtis and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We compare the predictive ability and economic value of implied, realized and GARCH volatility models for 13 equity indices from 10 countries. Model ranking is similar across countries, but varies with the forecast horizon. At the daily horizon, the Heterogeneous Autoregressive model offers the most accurate predictions while an implied volatility model that corrects for the volatility risk premium is superior at the monthly horizon. Widely used GARCH models have inferior performance in almost all cases considered. All methods perform significantly worse over the 2008-09 crisis period. Finally, implied volatility offers significant improvements against historical methods for international portfolio diversification.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Economic Forecasting by : Graham Elliott
Download or read book Handbook of Economic Forecasting written by Graham Elliott and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-08-23 with total page 667 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The highly prized ability to make financial plans with some certainty about the future comes from the core fields of economics. In recent years the availability of more data, analytical tools of greater precision, and ex post studies of business decisions have increased demand for information about economic forecasting. Volumes 2A and 2B, which follows Nobel laureate Clive Granger's Volume 1 (2006), concentrate on two major subjects. Volume 2A covers innovations in methodologies, specifically macroforecasting and forecasting financial variables. Volume 2B investigates commercial applications, with sections on forecasters' objectives and methodologies. Experts provide surveys of a large range of literature scattered across applied and theoretical statistics journals as well as econometrics and empirical economics journals. The Handbook of Economic Forecasting Volumes 2A and 2B provide a unique compilation of chapters giving a coherent overview of forecasting theory and applications in one place and with up-to-date accounts of all major conceptual issues. Focuses on innovation in economic forecasting via industry applications Presents coherent summaries of subjects in economic forecasting that stretch from methodologies to applications Makes details about economic forecasting accessible to scholars in fields outside economics
Book Synopsis Forecasting Volatility in Agricultural Commodities Markets Considering Market Structural Breaks by : Mario Amado Ortez Amador
Download or read book Forecasting Volatility in Agricultural Commodities Markets Considering Market Structural Breaks written by Mario Amado Ortez Amador and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This decade has seen movements in commodity futures markets never seen before. There are many factors that have intensified price movements and volatility behavior. Those factors likely altering supply and demand include governmental policy within and outside of the U.S, weather shocks, geopolitical conflicts, food safety concerns etc. Whatever the reasons are for price movements it is clear that the volatility behavior in commodity markets constantly change, and risk managers need to use current and efficient tools to mitigate price risk. This study identified market structural breaks of realized volatility in corn, wheat, soybeans, live cattle, feeder cattle and lean hogs futures markets. Furthermore, this study analyzes the forecasting performance of implied volatility, historical volatility, a composite approach and a naive approach as forecasters of realized volatility. The forecasting performance of these methods was analyzed in the full period of time of our weekly data from January 1995 to April 2014 and in each identified market regime for each commodity. Previous research has analyzed forecasting performance of implied volatility, a time series alternative and a composite method. However, to the best of my knowledge, they have not worried about market structural breaks in the data that might influence the performance of the mentioned forecasting methods in different periods of time. Overall, results indicate that indeed there are multiple market structural breaks present in the volatility datasets across all six commodities. We found differences in the forecasting performance of the analyzed methods when individual market regimes were analyzed. There seems to be evidence that corroborates the idea in the literature about the superiority of implied volatility over a historical volatility, a composite approach and a naive approach. Additionally, implied volatility encompassed all the information contained in the historical volatility and the naive measure across each identified market regime in all six commodities. Our results show that when both implied volatility and historical volatility are available, the benefit of combining those measures into a composite forecasting approach is very limited. Our results hold true for a short term 1 week ahead realized volatility forecast. It would be of interest to see how results vary for longer forecasting time horizons.
Book Synopsis Forecasting Volatility Using Historical Data by : Stephen Figlewski
Download or read book Forecasting Volatility Using Historical Data written by Stephen Figlewski and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applying modern option valuation theory requires the user to forecast the volatility of the underlying asset over the remaining life of the option, a formidable estimation problem for long maturity instruments. The standard statistical procedures using historical data are based on assumptions of stability, either constant variance, or constant parameters of the variance process, that are unlikely to hold over long periods. This paper examines the empirical performance of different historical variance estimators and of the GARCH (1,1) model for forecasting volatility in important financial markets over horizons up to five years. We find several surprising results: In general, historical volatility computed over many past periods provides the most accurate forecasts for both long and short horizons; root mean squared forecast errors are substantially lower for long term than for short term volatility forecasts; it is typically better to compute volatility around an assumed mean of zero than around the realized mean in the data sample, and the GARCH model tends to be less accurate and much harder to use than the simple historical volatility estimator for this application.
Book Synopsis Empirical Studies on Volatility in International Stock Markets by : Eugenie M.J.H. Hol
Download or read book Empirical Studies on Volatility in International Stock Markets written by Eugenie M.J.H. Hol and published by Taylor & Francis US. This book was released on 2003-07-31 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Financial market volatility plays a crucial role in financial decision making, as volatility forecasts are important input parameters in areas such as option pricing, hedging strategies, portfolio allocation and Value-at-Risk calculations. The fact that financial innovations arrive at an ever-increasing rate has motivated both academic researchers and practitioners and advances in this field have been considerable. The use of Stochastic Volatility (SV) models is one of the latest developments in this area. Empirical Studies on Volatility in International Stock Markets describes the existing techniques for the measurement and estimation of volatility in international stock markets with emphasis on the SV model and its empirical application. Eugenie Hol develops various extensions of the SV model, which allow for additional variables in both the mean and the variance equation. In addition, the forecasting performance of SV models is compared not only to that of the well-established GARCH model but also to implied volatility and so-called realised volatility models which are based on intraday volatility measures. The intended readers are financial professionals who seek to obtain more accurate volatility forecasts and wish to gain insight about state-of-the-art volatility modelling techniques and their empirical value, and academic researchers and students who are interested in financial market volatility and want to obtain an updated overview of the various methods available in this area.
