The Case Of Academician Nikolai Nikolaevich Luzin

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The Case of Academician Nikolai Nikolaevich Luzin

Author : Sergei S. Demidov
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
ISBN 13 : 1470426080
Total Pages : 410 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis The Case of Academician Nikolai Nikolaevich Luzin by : Sergei S. Demidov

Download or read book The Case of Academician Nikolai Nikolaevich Luzin written by Sergei S. Demidov and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2016-05-25 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Soviet school, one of the glories of twentieth-century mathematics, faced a serious crisis in the summer of 1936. It was suffering from internal strains due to generational conflicts between the young talents and the old establishment. At the same time, Soviet leaders (including Stalin himself) were bent on “Sovietizing” all of science in the USSR by requiring scholars to publish their works in Russian in the Soviet Union, ending the nearly universal practice of publishing in the West. A campaign to “Sovietize” mathematics in the USSR was launched with an attack on Nikolai Nikolaevich Luzin, the leader of the Soviet school of mathematics, in Pravda. Luzin was fortunate in that only a few of the most ardent ideologues wanted to destroy him utterly. As a result, Luzin, though humiliated and frightened, was allowed to make a statement of public repentance and then let off with a relatively mild reprimand. A major factor in his narrow escape was the very abstractness of his research area (descriptive set theory), which was difficult to incorporate into a propaganda campaign aimed at the broader public. The present book contains the transcripts of five meetings of the Academy of Sciences commission charged with investigating the accusations against Luzin, meetings held in July of 1936. Ancillary material from the Soviet press of the time is included to place these meetings in context.

Naming Infinity

Author : Loren Graham
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674032934
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Naming Infinity by : Loren Graham

Download or read book Naming Infinity written by Loren Graham and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-03-31 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1913, Russian imperial marines stormed an Orthodox monastery at Mt. Athos, Greece, to haul off monks engaged in a dangerously heretical practice known as Name Worshipping. Exiled to remote Russian outposts, the monks and their mystical movement went underground. Ultimately, they came across Russian intellectuals who embraced Name Worshipping—and who would achieve one of the biggest mathematical breakthroughs of the twentieth century, going beyond recent French achievements. Loren Graham and Jean-Michel Kantor take us on an exciting mathematical mystery tour as they unravel a bizarre tale of political struggles, psychological crises, sexual complexities, and ethical dilemmas. At the core of this book is the contest between French and Russian mathematicians who sought new answers to one of the oldest puzzles in math: the nature of infinity. The French school chased rationalist solutions. The Russian mathematicians, notably Dmitri Egorov and Nikolai Luzin—who founded the famous Moscow School of Mathematics—were inspired by mystical insights attained during Name Worshipping. Their religious practice appears to have opened to them visions into the infinite—and led to the founding of descriptive set theory. The men and women of the leading French and Russian mathematical schools are central characters in this absorbing tale that could not be told until now. Naming Infinity is a poignant human interest story that raises provocative questions about science and religion, intuition and creativity.

Nikolai Demidov

Author : Nikolai Demidov
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317220684
Total Pages : 1166 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis Nikolai Demidov by : Nikolai Demidov

Download or read book Nikolai Demidov written by Nikolai Demidov and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-07-01 with total page 1166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the time of his death, Stanislavsky considered Nikolai Demidov to be ‘his only student, who understands the System’. Demidov’s incredibly forward-thinking processes not only continued his teacher’s pioneering work, but also solved the problems of an actor’s creativity that Stanislavsky never conquered. This book brings together Demidov’s five volumes on actor training. Supplementary materials, including transcriptions of Demidov’s classes, and notes and correspondence from the author make this the definitive collection on one of Russian theatre’s most important figures.

Mathematics in Politics and Governance

Author : Francisco J. Aragón-Artacho
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031527763
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Mathematics in Politics and Governance by : Francisco J. Aragón-Artacho

Download or read book Mathematics in Politics and Governance written by Francisco J. Aragón-Artacho and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zusammenfassung: This book presents the mathematical tools that politicians use to make rational decisions about health, education, culture, economy, finance, transportation, and national defense for their citizens. The selection of topics addressed is based on the experiences of four veteran politicians who have doctorates or master's degrees in mathematics. The exposition also considers the mathematical tools used by politicians to capture votes or optimize their impact on the design of electoral districts, i.e., gerrymandering, without forgetting the mathematics applied to parliamentary activity and political science. Aimed at a general educated readership, a basic knowledge of mathematics is the only requisite to understanding most of the book. Certain sections, denoted in the book with a star, contain more advanced material and require some knowledge of undergraduate math. A later chapter is dedicated to applications and techniques of machine learning and the final chapter discusses a variety of cases where political decisions have affected mathematical development. Readers gravitating towards this book are those who are curious about the history of mathematics, including optimizers and mathematicians who would like to learn more about the historical roots of their discipline. There will also be strong appeal to mathematically-oriented economists, political scientists, and people generally interested in mathematics. Mathematics is - or it should be! - an important part of our culture. The impact of mathematics is sometimes silent, but a powerful one. The authors of this book did an incredible work in digging out areas of mathematical reasoning that pervades social and political life. Reading this book, we will all enrich our vision of mathematics' value for society. (Nuno Crato, Professor of Applied Mathematics, University of Lisbon, former minister of Education and Science of Portugal 2011-2015) This monograph shows in an impressive way that mathematics can be very helpful in making and evaluating political decisions and that it is indispensable in the progressive penetration of all areas of society with scientific methods. This also includes politics. Not everything in politics can be justified or related to mathematics, but politics should not be made in contradiction to mathematical truths. For me, this is a central message of this publication. (Johanna Wanka, Professor of Applied Mathematics, Merseburg University of Applied Sciences, former Minister of Education and Research, Germany 2013-2018)

Toeplitz Matrices and Operators

Author : Nikolaï Nikolski
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108187579
Total Pages : 453 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis Toeplitz Matrices and Operators by : Nikolaï Nikolski

Download or read book Toeplitz Matrices and Operators written by Nikolaï Nikolski and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-01-02 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theory of Toeplitz matrices and operators is a vital part of modern analysis, with applications to moment problems, orthogonal polynomials, approximation theory, integral equations, bounded- and vanishing-mean oscillations, and asymptotic methods for large structured determinants, among others. This friendly introduction to Toeplitz theory covers the classical spectral theory of Toeplitz forms and Wiener–Hopf integral operators and their manifestations throughout modern functional analysis. Numerous solved exercises illustrate the results of the main text and introduce subsidiary topics, including recent developments. Each chapter ends with a survey of the present state of the theory, making this a valuable work for the beginning graduate student and established researcher alike. With biographies of the principal creators of the theory and historical context also woven into the text, this book is a complete source on Toeplitz theory.

New Atlantis Revisited

Author : Paul R. Josephson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780691044545
Total Pages : 351 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (445 download)

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Book Synopsis New Atlantis Revisited by : Paul R. Josephson

Download or read book New Atlantis Revisited written by Paul R. Josephson and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1958 construction began on Akademgorodok, a scientific utopian community modeled after Francis Bacon's vision of a "New Atlantis." The city, carved out of a Siberian forest 2,500 miles east of Moscow, was formed by Soviet scientists with Khrushchev's full support. They believed that their rational science, liberated from ideological and economic constraints, would help their country surpass the West in all fields. In a lively history of this city, a symbol of de-Stalinization, Paul Josephson offers the most complete analysis available of the reasons behind the successes and failures of Soviet science--from advances in nuclear physics to politically induced setbacks in research on recombinant DNA. Josephson presents case studies of high energy physics, genetics, computer science, environmentalism, and social sciences. He reveals that persistent ideological interference by the Communist Party, financial uncertainties, and pressures to do big science endemic in the USSR contributed to the failure of Akademgorodok to live up to its promise. Still, a kind of openness reigned that presaged the glasnost of Gorbachev's administration decades later. The openness was rooted in the geographical and psychological distance from Moscow and in the informal culture of exchange intended to foster the creative impulse. Akademgorodok is still an important research center, having exposed physics, biology, sociology, economics, and computer science to new investigations, distinct in pace and scope from those performed elsewhere in the Soviet scientific establishment.

In Search of Infinity

Author : N.Ya. Vilenkin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461208378
Total Pages : 151 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (612 download)

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Book Synopsis In Search of Infinity by : N.Ya. Vilenkin

Download or read book In Search of Infinity written by N.Ya. Vilenkin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of infinity is one of the most important, and at the same time, one of the most mysterious concepts of science. Already in antiquity many philosophers and mathematicians pondered over its contradictory nature. In mathematics, the contradictions connected with infinity intensified after the creation, at the end of the 19th century, of the theory of infinite sets and the subsequent discovery, soon after, of paradoxes in this theory. At the time, many scientists ignored the paradoxes and used set theory extensively in their work, while others subjected set-theoretic methods in mathematics to harsh criticism. The debate intensified when a group of French mathematicians, who wrote under the pseudonym of Nicolas Bourbaki, tried to erect the whole edifice of mathematics on the single notion of a set. Some mathematicians greeted this attempt enthusiastically while others regarded it as an unnecessary formalization, an attempt to tear mathematics away from life-giving practical applications that sustain it. These differences notwithstanding, Bourbaki has had a significant influence on the evolution of mathematics in the twentieth century. In this book we try to tell the reader how the idea of the infinite arose and developed in physics and in mathematics, how the theory of infinite sets was constructed, what paradoxes it has led to, what significant efforts have been made to eliminate the resulting contradictions, and what routes scientists are trying to find that would provide a way out of the many difficulties.

Revisionist Revolution in Vygotsky Studies

Author : Anton Yasnitsky
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317500423
Total Pages : 335 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)

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Book Synopsis Revisionist Revolution in Vygotsky Studies by : Anton Yasnitsky

Download or read book Revisionist Revolution in Vygotsky Studies written by Anton Yasnitsky and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-09-16 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Revisionist Revolution in Vygotsky Studies brings together recent critical investigations which examine historical and textual inaccuracies associated with received understandings of Vygotsky’s work. By deconstructing the Vygotskian narrative, the authors debunk the 'cult of Vygotsky', allowing for a new, exciting interpretation of the logic and direction of his theory. The chapters cover a number of important themes, including: The chronology of Vygotsky’s ideas and theory development, and the main core of his theoretical writings Relationships between Vygotskians and their Western colleagues The international reception of Vygotskian psychology and problems of translation The future development of Vygotskian science Using Vygotsky’s published and unpublished writings the authors present a detailed historical understanding of Vygotsky’s thought, and the circumstances in which he worked. It includes coverage of the organization of academic psychology in the Soviet Union, the network of scholars associated with Vygotsky in the interwar period, and the assumed publication ban on Vygotsky’s writings. This volume is the first to provide an overview of revisionist studies of Vygotsky’s work, and is the product of close international collaboration between revisionist scholars. It will be an essential contribution to Vygotskian scholarship, and of great interest to researchers in the history of psychology, history of science, Soviet/Russian history, philosophical psychology and philosophy of science.

Development Of Mathematics Between The World Wars, The: Case Studies, Examples And Analyses

Author : Martina Becvarova
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 1786349329
Total Pages : 623 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (863 download)

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Book Synopsis Development Of Mathematics Between The World Wars, The: Case Studies, Examples And Analyses by : Martina Becvarova

Download or read book Development Of Mathematics Between The World Wars, The: Case Studies, Examples And Analyses written by Martina Becvarova and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2021-05-14 with total page 623 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Development of Mathematics Between the World Wars traces the transformation of scientific life within mathematical communities during the interwar period in Central and Eastern Europe, specifically in Germany, Russia, Poland, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia. Throughout the book, in-depth mathematical analyses and examples are included for the benefit of the reader.World War I heavily affected academic life. In European countries, many talented researchers and students were killed in action and scientific activities were halted to resume only in the postwar years. However, this inhibition turned out to be a catalyst for the birth of a new generation of mathematicians, for the emergence of new ideas and theories and for the surprising creation of new and outstanding scientific schools.The final four chapters are not restricted to Central and Eastern Europe and deal with the development of mathematics between World War I and World War II. After describing the general state of mathematics at the end of the 19th century and the first third of the 20th century, three case studies dealing with selected mathematical disciplines are presented (set theory, potential theory, combinatorics), in a way accessible to a broad audience of mathematicians as well as historians of mathematics.

Handbook of the History and Philosophy of Mathematical Practice

Author : Bharath Sriraman
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031408462
Total Pages : 3221 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (314 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of the History and Philosophy of Mathematical Practice by : Bharath Sriraman

Download or read book Handbook of the History and Philosophy of Mathematical Practice written by Bharath Sriraman and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 3221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Scientific Communication Across the Iron Curtain

Author : Christopher D. Hollings
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319253468
Total Pages : 117 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Scientific Communication Across the Iron Curtain by : Christopher D. Hollings

Download or read book Scientific Communication Across the Iron Curtain written by Christopher D. Hollings and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-12 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph provides a concise introduction to the tangled issues of communication between Russian and Western scientists during the Cold War. It details the extent to which mid-twentieth-century researchers and practitioners were able to communicate with their counterparts on the opposite side of the Iron Curtain. Drawing upon evidence from a range of disciplines, a decade-by-decade account is first given of the varying levels of contact that existed via private correspondence and conference attendance. Next, the book examines the exchange of publications and the availability of one side's work in the libraries of the other. It then goes on to compare general language abilities on opposite sides of the Iron Curtain, with comments on efforts in the West to learn Russian and the systematic translation of Russian work. In the end, author Christopher Hollings argues that physical accessibility was generally good in both directions, but that Western scientists were afflicted by greater linguistic difficulties than their Soviet counterparts whose major problems were bureaucratic in nature. This volume will be of interest to historians of Cold War science, particularly those who study communications and language issues. In addition, it will be an ideal starting pointing for anyone looking to know more about this fascinating area.

Ensnared between Hitler and Stalin

Author : David K Zimmerman
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
ISBN 13 : 1487543662
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (875 download)

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Book Synopsis Ensnared between Hitler and Stalin by : David K Zimmerman

Download or read book Ensnared between Hitler and Stalin written by David K Zimmerman and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2022-12-21 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 1930s, hundreds of scientists and scholars fled Hitler’s Germany. Many found safety, but some made the disastrous decision to seek refuge in Stalin’s Soviet Union. The vast majority of these refugee scholars were arrested, murdered, or forced to flee the Soviet Union during the Great Terror. Many of the survivors then found themselves embroiled in the Holocaust. Ensnared between Hitler and Stalin explores the forced migration of these displaced academics from Nazi Germany to the Soviet Union. The book follows the lives of thirty-six scholars through some of the most tumultuous events of the twentieth century. It reveals that not only did they endure the chaos that engulfed central Europe in the decades before Hitler came to power, but they were also caught up in two of the greatest mass murders in history. David Zimmerman examines how those fleeing Hitler in their quests for safe harbour faced hardship and grave danger, including arrest, torture, and execution by the Soviet state. Drawing on German, Russian, and English sources, Ensnared between Hitler and Stalin illustrates the complex paths taken by refugee scholars in flight.

Antinomy and Symbol: Pavel Florensky’s Philosophy of Discontinuity

Author : Andrea Oppo
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004709835
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Antinomy and Symbol: Pavel Florensky’s Philosophy of Discontinuity by : Andrea Oppo

Download or read book Antinomy and Symbol: Pavel Florensky’s Philosophy of Discontinuity written by Andrea Oppo and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2024-10-31 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pavel Florensky (1882–1937) was a Russian philosopher, theologian, and scientist. He was considered by his contemporaries to be a polymath on a par with Pascal or Da Vinci. This book is the first comprehensive study in the English language to examine Florensky's entire philosophical oeuvre in its key metaphysical concepts. For Florensky, antinomy and symbol are the two faces of a single issue—the universal truth of discontinuity. This truth is a general law that represents, better than any other, the innermost structure of the universe. With its original perspective, Florensky’s philosophy is unique in the context of modern Russian thought, but also in the history of philosophy per se.

Mathematical Communities in the Reconstruction After the Great War 1918–1928

Author : Laurent Mazliak
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030616835
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Mathematical Communities in the Reconstruction After the Great War 1918–1928 by : Laurent Mazliak

Download or read book Mathematical Communities in the Reconstruction After the Great War 1918–1928 written by Laurent Mazliak and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-27 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a consequence of the international meeting organized in Marseilles in November 2018 devoted to the aftermath of the Great War for mathematical communities. It features selected original research presented at the meeting offering a new perspective on a period, the 1920s, not extensively considered by historiography. After 1918, new countries were created, and borders of several others were modified. Territories were annexed while some countries lost entire regions. These territorial changes bear witness to the massive and varied upheavals with which European societies were confronted in the aftermath of the Great War. The reconfiguration of political Europe was accompanied by new alliances and a redistribution of trade – commercial, intellectual, artistic, military, and so on – which largely shaped international life during the interwar period. These changes also had an enormous impact on scientific life, not only in practice, but also in its organization and communication strategies. The mathematical sciences, which from the late 19th century to the 1920s experienced a deep disciplinary evolution, were thus facing a double movement, internal and external, which led to a sustainable restructuring of research and teaching. Concomitantly, various areas such as topology, functional analysis, abstract algebra, logic or probability, among others, experienced exceptional development. This was accompanied by an explosion of new international or national associations of mathematicians with for instance the founding, in 1918, of the International Mathematical Union and the controversial creation of the International Research Council. Therefore, the central idea for the articulation of the various chapters of the book is to present case studies illustrating how in the aftermath of the war, many mathematicians had to organize their personal trajectories taking into account the evolution of the political, social and scientific environment which had taken place at the end of the conflict.

Mathematics across the Iron Curtain

Author : Christopher Hollings
Publisher : American Mathematical Society
ISBN 13 : 1470414937
Total Pages : 457 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Mathematics across the Iron Curtain by : Christopher Hollings

Download or read book Mathematics across the Iron Curtain written by Christopher Hollings and published by American Mathematical Society. This book was released on 2014-07-16 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theory of semigroups is a relatively young branch of mathematics, with most of the major results having appeared after the Second World War. This book describes the evolution of (algebraic) semigroup theory from its earliest origins to the establishment of a full-fledged theory. Semigroup theory might be termed `Cold War mathematics' because of the time during which it developed. There were thriving schools on both sides of the Iron Curtain, although the two sides were not always able to communicate with each other, or even gain access to the other's publications. A major theme of this book is the comparison of the approaches to the subject of mathematicians in East and West, and the study of the extent to which contact between the two sides was possible.

Meeting under the Integral Sign?: The Oslo Congress of Mathematicians on the Eve of the Second World War

Author : Christopher D. Hollings
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
ISBN 13 : 1470443538
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Meeting under the Integral Sign?: The Oslo Congress of Mathematicians on the Eve of the Second World War by : Christopher D. Hollings

Download or read book Meeting under the Integral Sign?: The Oslo Congress of Mathematicians on the Eve of the Second World War written by Christopher D. Hollings and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2020-04-08 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the historically unique conditions under which the International Congress of Mathematicians took place in Oslo in 1936. This Congress was the only one on this level to be held during the period of the Nazi regime in Germany (1933–1945) and after the wave of emigrations from it. Relying heavily on unpublished archival sources, the authors consider the different goals of the various participants in the Congress, most notably those of the Norwegian organizers, and the Nazi-led German delegation. They also investigate the reasons for the absence of the proposed Soviet and Italian delegations. In addition, aiming to shed light onto the mathematical dimension of the Congress, the authors provide overviews of the nineteen plenary presentations, as well as their planning and development. Biographical information about each of the plenary speakers rounds off the picture. The Oslo Congress, the first at which Fields Medals were awarded, is used as a lens through which the reader of this book can view the state of the art of mathematics in the mid-1930s.

V.A. Yankov on Non-Classical Logics, History and Philosophy of Mathematics

Author : Alex Citkin
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031068432
Total Pages : 319 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis V.A. Yankov on Non-Classical Logics, History and Philosophy of Mathematics by : Alex Citkin

Download or read book V.A. Yankov on Non-Classical Logics, History and Philosophy of Mathematics written by Alex Citkin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-11-08 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is dedicated to V.A. Yankov’s seminal contributions to the theory of propositional logics. His papers, published in the 1960s, are highly cited even today. The Yankov characteristic formulas have become a very useful tool in propositional, modal and algebraic logic. The papers contributed to this book provide the new results on different generalizations and applications of characteristic formulas in propositional, modal and algebraic logics. In particular, an exposition of Yankov’s results and their applications in algebraic logic, the theory of admissible rules and refutation systems is included in the book. In addition, the reader can find the studies on splitting and join-splitting in intermediate propositional logics that are based on Yankov-type formulas which are closely related to canonical formulas, and the study of properties of predicate extensions of non-classical propositional logics. The book also contains an exposition of Yankov’s revolutionary approach to constructive proof theory. The editors also include Yankov’s contributions to history and philosophy of mathematics and foundations of mathematics, as well as an examination of his original interpretation of history of Greek philosophy and mathematics.