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The Biological Production Of Liquid Fuels From Biomass University Of Pennsylvania Annual Report September 1 1978 August 31 1979
Download The Biological Production Of Liquid Fuels From Biomass University Of Pennsylvania Annual Report September 1 1978 August 31 1979 full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online The Biological Production Of Liquid Fuels From Biomass University Of Pennsylvania Annual Report September 1 1978 August 31 1979 ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis The Biological Production of Liquid Fuels from Biomass, University of Pennsylvania, Annual Report, September 1, 1978 - August 31, 1979 by : E. Kendall Pye
Download or read book The Biological Production of Liquid Fuels from Biomass, University of Pennsylvania, Annual Report, September 1, 1978 - August 31, 1979 written by E. Kendall Pye and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Biological Production of Liquid Fuels from Biomass by : E. Kendall Pye
Download or read book The Biological Production of Liquid Fuels from Biomass written by E. Kendall Pye and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study is to investigate a scheme for the production of liquid fuels from renewable resources such as poplar wood and lignocellulosic wastes from a refuse hydropulper. The particular scheme being studied involves the conversion of a cellulosic residue, resulting from a solvent delignified lignocellulosic feed, into either high concentration sugar syrups or into ethyl and/or butyl. alcohol. The process is aimed at achieving total raw material utilization and maximization of high value by-product recovery. Specific goals of the investigation are the demonstration of the process technical feasibility and economic practicality and its optimization for maximum economic yield and efficiency. During the period covered by this report the construction of a pilot apparatus for solvent delignifying 150g samples of lignocellulosic feeds has been completed. Also, an analysis method for characterizing the delignified product has been selected and tested. This is a method recommended in the Forage Fiber Handbook. Delignified samples are now being prepared and tested for their extent of delignification and susceptibility to enzyme hydrolysis.
Book Synopsis Biological Production of Liquid Fuels from Biomass. Annual Report, September 1, 1978-August 31, 1979 by :
Download or read book Biological Production of Liquid Fuels from Biomass. Annual Report, September 1, 1978-August 31, 1979 written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The production of liquid fuels from renewable resources such as poplar wood and lignocellulosic wastes from a refuse hydropulper were studied. The particular scheme being studied involves the conversion of a cellulosic residue, resulting from a solvent delignified lignocellulosic feed, into either high concentration sugar syrups or into ethyl and/or butyl alcohol. The process is aimed at achieving total raw material utilization and maximization of high value by-product recovery. Specific goals of the investigation are the demonstration of the process technical feasibility and economic practicality and its optimization for maximum economic yield and efficiency. The construction of a pilot apparatus for solvent delignifying 150g samples of lignocellulosic feeds has been completed. Also, an analysis method for characterizing the delignified product has been selected and tested. Delignified samples are now being prepared and tested for their extent of delignification and susceptibility to enzyme hydrolysis.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 760 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semiannual, with semiannual and annual indexes. References to all scientific and technical literature coming from DOE, its laboratories, energy centers, and contractors. Includes all works deriving from DOE, other related government-sponsored information, and foreign nonnuclear information. Arranged under 39 categories, e.g., Biomedical sciences, basic studies; Biomedical sciences, applied studies; Health and safety; and Fusion energy. Entry gives bibliographical information and abstract. Corporate, author, subject, report number indexes.
Book Synopsis Wood a Agricultural Residues by : Ed Soles
Download or read book Wood a Agricultural Residues written by Ed Soles and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 631 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wood and Agricultural Residues Research on Use for Feed, Fuels, and Chemicals covers the proceedings of the 1982 "Feed, Fuels, and Chemicals from Wood and Agricultural Residues symposium, held in Kansas City and sponsored by Cellulose, Paper, and Textile Division of the American Chemical Society. Organized into seven parts encompassing 31 chapters, the book discusses the plant cell wall; the cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin; the lignocellulosics for ruminants; the biological and thermochemical conversion; and the approached for utilization. The introductory part describes the anatomy, permeability, ultrastructure, and digestion of plant cell wall. The following section examines the structure, characteristics, derivatives, recycle and recovery through solvent systems, and utilization for enzyme and protein production of cellulose and hemicelluloses. This section also discusses the synthesis, structure, properties, and analysis of hydroxypropyl lignin derivatives. The third section characterizes the fibrous fractions of forages and presents traditional methods for qualitative and quantitative analyses of lignocellulosics. This text includes discussions on methods for improving utilization of unconventional feed sources by ruminants; the digestion impeding factors; and the effect of chemical, physical, and biological treatments in upgrading the digestibility and nutritive value of crop residues. The subsequent sections describe the biological, chemical, physical, and thermochemical conversion of wood fibers. Such methods include fermentation, acid and steam hydrolysis, saccharification, hydrogenolysis, and pyrolysis. The concluding section covers mechanical treatments to improve lignocelluloses properties, such as steam explosion and solvent systems. This book is an ideal source of information for botanists and feed scientists and researchers.
Download or read book Solar Energy Update written by and published by . This book was released on 1980-10 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Government Reports Annual Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Annual Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 1236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Liquid Fuels Production from Biomass. Progress Report No. 7, January 1-March 31, 1979 by :
Download or read book Liquid Fuels Production from Biomass. Progress Report No. 7, January 1-March 31, 1979 written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current program to convert biomass into liquid hydrocarbon fuels is an extension of the previous program to ferment marine algae to acetic acid. In that study, it was found that marine algae could be converted to higher aliphatic organic acids and that these acids could be readily removed from the fermentation broth by membrane or liquid-liquid extraction. It was then proposed to convert these higher organic acids to aliphatic hydrocarbons via Kolbe Electrolysis, which may be used as a diesel fuel. The specific goals for the current program are: (1) establish conditions under which substrates other than marine algae may be converted in good yield to organic acids. The primary task in this regard is methane suppression; (2) modify the current 300 liter fixed packed bed batch fermenter to operate in a continuous mode; (3) change from membrane extraction of organic acids to liquid-liquid extraction; (4) optimize the energy balance of the electrolytic oxidation process. The primary task in this regard is to reduce the working potential required for the electrolysis while maintaining an adequate current density; (5) scale the entire process up to match the ouput of the 300 liter fermenter. The accomplishments in this program are on schedule. Experimental results have shown that the electrolysis of organic acids produced by fermentation to liquid hydrocarbon fuels is already operating with a favorable energy balance of 6/1 based on the applied potential and over 10/1 based on the working potential. 2-Bromoethanesulfonic acid, a coenzyme M analogue, has been shown to be an effective methane suppressor, and the program is being rapidly expanded to include biomass substrates other than marine algae. In addition, considerable effort has been directed toward refining the process design and economic analysis presented previously.
Book Synopsis Energy, the Biomass Options by : Henry Robert Bungay
Download or read book Energy, the Biomass Options written by Henry Robert Bungay and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1981 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomass feedstocks; Potential products; Thermochemical processes; Biological concepts; Anaerobic digestion; Fractionation and pretreatment; Fermentation; Photobiological processes; Costs; Environmental impacts.
Book Synopsis Liquid Fuels Production from Biomass by : John E. Sanderson
Download or read book Liquid Fuels Production from Biomass written by John E. Sanderson and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Liquid Fuels Production from Biomass by : John E. Sanderson
Download or read book Liquid Fuels Production from Biomass written by John E. Sanderson and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Liquid Fuels Production from Biomass. Progress Report No. 8, July 1-September 30, 1979 by :
Download or read book Liquid Fuels Production from Biomass. Progress Report No. 8, July 1-September 30, 1979 written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It was found that marine algae could be converted to higher aliphatic organic acids and that these acids could be readily removed from the fermentation broth by membrane or liquid-liquid extraction. It was then proposed to convert these higher organic acids to aliphatic hydrocarbons via Kolbe electrolysis, which may be used as a diesel fuel. A coenzyme M analogue, 2-bromoethanesulfonic acid has been shown to be an effective suppressor of methane in nonsterile anaerobic fermentation of cellulosic substrates. A tapered auger device has been designed and built which has been demonstrated on the bench to be effective for adding substrate and removing residue in a continuous manner from a fixed packed bed fermenter. A solvent extracter system using kerosene as the nonaqueous phase has been constructed and is currently in operation in series with the 300 liter fixed packed bed fermenter. The electrolytic oxidation of organic acids produced in the 300 liter fixed packed bed fermenter is operating with a favorable energy balance of 6/1 based on the applied potential. As stated earlier the liquid-liquid extractor system is operating in line with the 300 liter fixed packed bed fermentor. The other components of an integrated continuous system, the continuous feed device and the Kolbe electrolysis cell are operating satisfactorily out of line on a scale compatible with the 300 liter fixed packed bed fermentor. An economic analysis for a 1000 ton per day plant has been performed and has been improved and updated based on additional experimental results. Currently a cost based on utility financing including a reasonable return on investment of $5.48/million Btu is estimated, making the process fully competitive with the most favorable estimates from other processes for producing liquid fuels from renewable resources.
Book Synopsis Government Reports Announcements & Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements & Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 1564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Liquid Fuels Production from Biomass by : John E. Sanderson
Download or read book Liquid Fuels Production from Biomass written by John E. Sanderson and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Liquid Fuels Production from Biomass. Progress Report No. 10, October 1-December 31, 1979 by :
Download or read book Liquid Fuels Production from Biomass. Progress Report No. 10, October 1-December 31, 1979 written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It was found that marine algae could be converted to higher aliphatic organic acids and that these acids could be readily removed from the fermentation broth by membrane or liquid-liquid extraction. It was then proposed to convert these higher organic acids via Kolbe Electrolysis to aliphatic hydrocarbons, which may be used as a diesel fuel. A coenzyme M analogue, 2-bromoethanesulfonic acid has been shown to be an effective suppressor of methane in nonsterile anaerobic fermentation of cellulosic substrates. Preliminary experiments have also been completed utilizing corn meal in which 2-bromoethanesulfonic acid and carbon monoxide were both found to be effective methane suppressors. An analysis of the energy outputs and requirements for the production of liquid hydrocarbon fuel from corn has been performed. As a means of expanding the number of potential substrates, pretreatment schemes are being investigated. A tapered auger device has been designed and built which has been demonstrated on the bench to be effective for adding substrate and removing residue in a continuous manner from a fixed packed bed fermenter. A solvent extractor system using kerosene as the nonaqueous phase has been constructed and is currently in operation in series with the 300 liter fixed packed bed fermenter. Although additional work is required to optimize the electrolysis process, the electrolytic oxidation of organic acids produced in the 300 liter fixed packed bed fermenter is operating with a favorable energy balance of 6/1 based on the applied potential.
Book Synopsis Liquid Fuels Production from Biomass by :
Download or read book Liquid Fuels Production from Biomass written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biological Production of Liquid Fuels from Biomass by :
Download or read book Biological Production of Liquid Fuels from Biomass written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A scheme for the production of liquid fuels from renewable resources such as poplar wood and lignocellulosic wastes from a refuse hydropulper was investigated. The particular scheme being studied involves the conversion of a cellulosic residue, resulting from a solvent delignified lignocellulosic feed, into either high concentration sugar syrups or into ethyl and/or butyl alcohol. The construction of a pilot apparatus for solvent delignifying 150 g samples of lignocellulosic feeds was completed. Also, an analysis method for characterizing the delignified product has been selected and tested. This is a method recommended in the Forage Fiber Handbook. Delignified samples are now being prepared and tested for their extent of delignification and susceptibility to enzyme hydrolysis. Work is continuing on characterizing the cellulase and cellobiase enzyme systems derived from the YX strain of Thermomonospora.
