The Baltic States In Peace And War 1917 1945

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The Baltic States in Peace and War, 1917-1945

Author : Vytas Stanley Vardys
Publisher : Penn State University Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Baltic States in Peace and War, 1917-1945 by : Vytas Stanley Vardys

Download or read book The Baltic States in Peace and War, 1917-1945 written by Vytas Stanley Vardys and published by Penn State University Press. This book was released on 1978 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nation building--a striking phenomenon of modern times--was given a significant albeit unsuccessful trial in the Baltic area. Rising to independence from Russian rule and German occupation during World War I, the Baltic states--Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania--were annexed by the Soviet Union during World War II. The rise and fall of these nations reflects the great historical developments of the 20th century including the transformation of Wilsonian idealism into today's harsh realism. Following a historical introduction to the political developments of the Baltic states, this book examines the internal and external aspects of Lithuanian, Latvian, and Estonian nationhood. Part I depicts the triumph of independence movements. Part II compares the new nations' domestic policies, notably treatment of ethnic minorities and authoritarian responses to economic problems. Part III analyzes the Baltic states' relations with Germany, Great Britain, and the USSR, as well as efforts among some Balts to form a Baltic Union. Part IV examines the events surrounding Soviet annexation of the Baltic nations in 1944, together with the Soviet interpretation of this annexation. Sources for the book are Finnish, German, British, American, and especially Soviet (both Russian and Lithuanian) archives including some hitherto unpublished documents. Many of the book's ideas stem from conferences in the United States and Sweden co-sponsored by the Association for the Advancement of Baltic Studies, which also helped support this publication.

The Baltic States in Peace and War 1917-1945. Edited by V. Stanley Vardys, Romuald J. Misiunas

Author : Vytas Stanley Vardys
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (848 download)

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Book Synopsis The Baltic States in Peace and War 1917-1945. Edited by V. Stanley Vardys, Romuald J. Misiunas by : Vytas Stanley Vardys

Download or read book The Baltic States in Peace and War 1917-1945. Edited by V. Stanley Vardys, Romuald J. Misiunas written by Vytas Stanley Vardys and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Baltic States

Author : Thomas Lane
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 113648311X
Total Pages : 708 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (364 download)

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Book Synopsis The Baltic States by : Thomas Lane

Download or read book The Baltic States written by Thomas Lane and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-05 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the end of the Cold War there has been an increased interest in the Baltics. The Baltic States brings together three titles, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, to provide a comprehensive and analytical guide integrating history, political science, economic development and contemporary events into one account. Since gaining their independence, each country has developed at its own pace with its own agenda and facing its own obstacles. The authors examine the tensions accompanying a post-communist return to Europe after the long years of separation and how each country has responded to the demands of becoming a modern European state. Estonia was the first of the former Soviet republics to enter membership negotiations with the European Union in 1988 and is a potential candidate for the next round of EU expansion in 2004. Lithuania and Latvia have also expressed their desire for future membership of NATO and the EU.

The Baltic States

Author : Graham Smith
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 134914150X
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (491 download)

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Book Synopsis The Baltic States by : Graham Smith

Download or read book The Baltic States written by Graham Smith and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-27 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Baltic States examines the struggles of the Baltic peoples for national self-determination. It is divided into two parts. Part one explores their nationalist awakening, how the realization of national self-determination during the inter-war years of independent statehood manifested itself, and the impact that fifty years of subsequent incorporation into the Soviet Union has had on Baltic politics and national cultures. Part two examines the nationalist reawakening in the late 1980s, the re-establishment of Baltic national self-governance in 1990-91 and the problems that these countries now face as sovereign entities.

The Baltic States And The Great Powers

Author : David Crowe
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000314804
Total Pages : 255 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis The Baltic States And The Great Powers by : David Crowe

Download or read book The Baltic States And The Great Powers written by David Crowe and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-07-11 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first complete account of the diplomatic relations and military steps leading to Estonia's, Latvia's, and Lithuania's forcible absorption into the USSR in 1940. David Crowe—making use of recently opened archival sources—traces the Baltic states' relations with the Soviet Union, Germany, Poland, Great Britian, France and with one another from 1917-1940. He starts with an overview of 1917-1936 and then offers a detailed description of the diplomatic maneuvering that marked Europe's collective slide toward war. Crowe covers the Sudeten and Memel crises involving German communities in 1938, the German-Soviet Pact in August 1939, the mutual assistance pacts between the Baltic States and the USSR, the Baltic German migration, Soviet use of Estonia's military installations during their assault on Finland, and the subsequent Soviet occupation of the Baltic states. The story ends with the election of new, Soviet-sponsored legislatures that sought admission into the USSR as Soviet republics in 1940—a step that most Western countries never recognized, and one that the Baltic states finally reversed when they regained their independence fifty-one years later in August 1991.

The History of the Baltic States

Author : Kevin C. O'Connor Ph.D.
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 1610699165
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis The History of the Baltic States by : Kevin C. O'Connor Ph.D.

Download or read book The History of the Baltic States written by Kevin C. O'Connor Ph.D. and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2015-06-04 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Updating the popular 2003 first edition, this book is a narrative history of the Baltic States with particular focus on the events of the 20th and 21st centuries. The Baltic States—Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania—were granted independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. Since then, the three countries have struggled with sluggish economies, tensions with Russia, and government corruption. This extensively updated second edition of a well-regarded reference illuminates the events of the last decade, including the acceptance of all three nations into the European Union in 2004. Although it concentrates on the 20th and 21st centuries, the wide-ranging work covers major historical currents that have swept through Europe from the age of the Crusades through two world wars and into modern times. Updates include events that have occurred since 2003, such as the area's declining birth rates and inflation problems that led to the European Union denying the adoption of the Euro in Lithuania. A new chapter entitled "The Totalitarian Experience, 1940–1953" focuses specifically on the major tragedies of the 20th century: the Baltic States' loss of independence, their conquest by Nazi Germany, the Holocaust, and the horrors of the first years of Soviet rule. Historical controversies concerning World War II and the Soviet era are also addressed. Additionally, the Notable Figures section has been updated, the bibliography now includes many electronic resources, and photographs have been added.

Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania: Country Studies

Author : Walter Iwaskiw
Publisher : CreateSpace
ISBN 13 : 9781490435572
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (355 download)

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Book Synopsis Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania: Country Studies by : Walter Iwaskiw

Download or read book Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania: Country Studies written by Walter Iwaskiw and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2013-06-13 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is one in a continuing series of books prepared by the Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress. This volume is about Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.

The Baltic States and Weimar Ostpolitik

Author : John Hiden
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521893251
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (932 download)

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Book Synopsis The Baltic States and Weimar Ostpolitik by : John Hiden

Download or read book The Baltic States and Weimar Ostpolitik written by John Hiden and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-05-02 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study of German economic influence in the Baltic states after World War I.

The Baltic and the Outbreak of the Second World War

Author : John Hiden
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521531207
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (312 download)

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Book Synopsis The Baltic and the Outbreak of the Second World War by : John Hiden

Download or read book The Baltic and the Outbreak of the Second World War written by John Hiden and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-01-30 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first to highlight the importance of the Baltic region in the approach to war in 1939. Amid the welter of publications on the origins of the Second World War none has sought hitherto to focus on the Baltic region, where peace finally and irrevocably broke down. Central strategic and international issues of the interwar years are thus illuminated from a fresh perspective by a distinguished team of specialists that includes a number of native Baltic historians. The themes discussed by the contributors acquired renewed relevance, as the Baltic republics asserted their rejection of incorporation within the Soviet Union following the Nazi-Soviet pact of 1939. The Baltic and the outbreak of the Second World War makes an important contribution to the perennial debate on the immediate causes of the conflict, and should interest specialists in a variety of fields within international relations, modern European and diplomatic history.

The Baltic Nations and Europe

Author : John Hiden
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317890566
Total Pages : 227 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (178 download)

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Book Synopsis The Baltic Nations and Europe by : John Hiden

Download or read book The Baltic Nations and Europe written by John Hiden and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-01-14 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Of all the Soviet Union's subject nationalities, the three Baltic republics, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, were the most determined and best organised in seizing the opportunities created by glasnost and perestroika to win freedom from Moscow's grip. At the time of first publication, in 1991, the final section of the book was speculative. Now for this revised edition, the authors have provided a new final chapter which brings the story up to date -- and the three republics to political independence again.

A Concise History of the Baltic States

Author : Andrejs Plakans
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139867180
Total Pages : 611 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis A Concise History of the Baltic States by : Andrejs Plakans

Download or read book A Concise History of the Baltic States written by Andrejs Plakans and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-02-24 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Baltic region is frequently neglected in broader histories of Europe and its international significance can be obscured by separate treatments of the various Baltic states. With this wide-ranging survey, Andrejs Plakans presents an integrated history of three Baltic peoples - Estonians, Latvians and Lithuanians - and draws out the common threads to show how it has been shaped by their location in a strategically desirable corner of Europe. Subordinated in turn by Baltic German landholders, the Polish nobility and gentry, and then by Russian and Soviet administrators, the three nations have nevertheless kept their distinctive identities - significantly retaining three separate languages in an ethnically diverse region. The book traces the countries' evolution from their ninth-century tribal beginnings to their present status as three thriving and separate nation states, focusing particularly on the region's complex twentieth-century history, which culminated in the eventual re-establishment of national sovereignty after 1991.

East and Central European History Writing in Exile 1939-1989

Author : Maria Zadencka
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004299696
Total Pages : 445 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis East and Central European History Writing in Exile 1939-1989 by : Maria Zadencka

Download or read book East and Central European History Writing in Exile 1939-1989 written by Maria Zadencka and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2015-07-28 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The studies in East and Central European History Writing in Exile 1939-1989, all written by experts in the history of the region, give answers to the comprehensive question of how the experience of exile during the time of the Nazi and Communist totalitarianism influenced and still influences history writing and the historical consciousness both in the countries hosting exile historians, as well as in the home countries which these historians left. The volume comprises difficult-to-access information about the organization and the work of historians exiled from the Baltic States, including Baltic Germans, Belorusia, Ukraine, and Poland. And it provides reflections on the intellectuals networking between their own national and the foreign traditions in the exile. Contributors are: Olavi Arens, Mirosław Filipowicz, Jörg Hackmann, Volodymyr Kravchenko, Oleg Łatyszonek, Andreas Lawaty, Iveta Leitāne, Artur Mękarski, Andrzej Nowak, Gert von Pistohlkors, Andrejs Plakans, Toivo Raun, Rafał Stobiecki, Mirosław A. Supruniuk, Jaan Undusk, and Maria Zadencka.

Latvia in Transition

Author : Juris Dreifelds
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521555371
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (553 download)

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Book Synopsis Latvia in Transition by : Juris Dreifelds

Download or read book Latvia in Transition written by Juris Dreifelds and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-02-23 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During its post-Soviet reconstruction Latvia has become a role model in macroeconomic stabilization and democratization. Latvia in Transition provides the material necessary to understand present-day Latvia. The author examines the main events, processes and problems of this country during the period of transition from a dependent and Moscow-dominated Soviet Republic to an independent and also interdependent state. The book presents the most relevant and essential aspects of Latvia's history, politics, economics and society.

Historical Dictionary of Estonia

Author : Toivo Miljan
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 0810875136
Total Pages : 647 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Historical Dictionary of Estonia by : Toivo Miljan

Download or read book Historical Dictionary of Estonia written by Toivo Miljan and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2015-05-21 with total page 647 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estonia is a small European Union country (population 1.3 million but physically the size of Netherlands and Switzerland) at the historic interface of East and West, Europe and Russia, free from Soviet occupation only for twenty-five years. Estonia boasts many notable achievements in the past has one of the most advanced economies in the region. It has made impressive progress politically, having shed a half century of communist domination and shifted to democracy, making it a model for other transitional states. It is at the forefront of Internet services: its secure digital ID cards are used for all interactions with government agencies, for voting at elections, and among government agencies, as well as in private banking. This second edition of Historical Dictionary of Estonia covers its history through a chronology, an introductory essay, glossary, appendixes, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 300 cross-referenced entries on important personalities, politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. This book is an excellent access point for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Estonia.

The Baltic World 1772-1993

Author : David Kirby
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317902173
Total Pages : 430 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (179 download)

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Book Synopsis The Baltic World 1772-1993 by : David Kirby

Download or read book The Baltic World 1772-1993 written by David Kirby and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-07-15 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eagerly-awaited sequel shares the characteristics of its distinguished predecessor -- wide geographical and chronological span; expert mingling of political, social and economic history; and Dr Kirby's ability to keep the separate national threads of his account from tangling as he weaves them into the broad regional picture that is his main concern. Here he tackles the contrasting experiences of Europe's northern periphery -- affluence and democracy in the north, stagnation and authoritarianism in the south -- from the French Revolution to the collapse of the USSR and beyond. This is a masterly study of a region that is far from peripheral politically to the post-Soviet world.

Latvia in World War II

Author : Valdis O. Lumans
Publisher : Fordham Univ Press
ISBN 13 : 9780823226276
Total Pages : 572 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (262 download)

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Book Synopsis Latvia in World War II by : Valdis O. Lumans

Download or read book Latvia in World War II written by Valdis O. Lumans and published by Fordham Univ Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Valdis Lumans provides an authoritative, balanced, and comprehensive account of one of the most complex, and conflicted, arenas of the Second World War. Struggling against both Germany and the Soviet Union, Latvia emerged as an independent nation state after the First World War. In 1940, the Soviets occupied neutral Latvia, deporting or executing more than 30,000 Latvians before the Nazis invaded in 1941 and installed a puppet regime. The Red Army expelled the Germans in 1944 and reincorporated Latvia as a Soviet Republic. By the end of the war, an estimated 180,000 Latvians fled to the West. The Soviets would deport at least another 100,000. Drawing on a wide range of sources--many brought together here for the first time--Lumans synthesizes political, military, social, economic, diplomatic, and cultural history. He moves carefully through traditional sources, many of them partisan, to scholarship emerging since the end of the Cold War, to confront such issues as political loyalties, military collaboration, resistance, capitulation, the Soviet occupation, anti-Semitism, and the Latvian role in the Holocaust.

Estonia and the Estonians

Author : Toivo U. Raun
Publisher : Hoover Press
ISBN 13 : 9780817928537
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (285 download)

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Book Synopsis Estonia and the Estonians by : Toivo U. Raun

Download or read book Estonia and the Estonians written by Toivo U. Raun and published by Hoover Press. This book was released on 2002-02-01 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estonia and the Estonians provides the first compendious survey in any language of Estonian history, from prehistoric times to the twenty-first century. Estonia's strategic geopolitical location—a crossroads where the major powers of northeastern Europe have struggled for influence—and the small number of ethnic Estonians are crucial factors that have shaped the history of the area and its inhabitants. The book emphasizes the period since the mid-nineteenth century, when a national movement calling for Estonian cultural and political autonomy began to emerge. During the two world wars, Estonia gained and lost political self-determination. Yet a modern Estonian culture was firmly established, and a strong sense of national identity survived the Soviet era.