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The Asymmetric Effect Of Quantitative Easing On Large And Small Firms
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Book Synopsis The Asymmetric Effect of Quantitative Easing on Large and Small Firms by : Marc Bartkowiak
Download or read book The Asymmetric Effect of Quantitative Easing on Large and Small Firms written by Marc Bartkowiak and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper looks at quantitative easing the Eurozone and the United States following the financial crisis of 2008. Particularly it investigates whether there were asymmetric effects with regards to firm size. The paper uses financial market data, including several MSCI indices and factors from the Kenneth R. French Library. Furthermore dates were researched, in order to identify the announcement dates of quantitative easing, in the case of the European Central Bank (as those for the Federal Reserve already exist in the academic literature). The panel data was then regressed using heteroscedastic consistent standard errors. In addition to this, a news-based variable was constructed in order to place event dates in the context of the media coverage at the time and hence be able to gauge the level of expectation of the announcement dates. The results indicate an asymmetric effect such that, on average, in the United States the equity prices of small firms performed superiorly than those of small firms on announcement days of quantitative easing. In the case of the Eurozone no significant statistical difference was observed. The results are largely consistent with the empirical evidence and the academic literature, that smaller firms are more financially constrained and therefore benefit more from monetary expansion and also support the portfolio rebalancing channel of monetary policy. At an event-level analysis, the results clearly indicate that the indices of small and large caps can react differently to announcements. This reaction is based on the type of programme announced as well as the nature of the announcement (whether it is an announcement to commence, reduce or increase the size of a programme). "Sell" announcements show to have relatively consistent results, whilst "buy" announcements vary significantly with regards to their impact.
Book Synopsis Quantitative Easing and Its Impact in the US, Japan, the UK and Europe by : Kjell Hausken
Download or read book Quantitative Easing and Its Impact in the US, Japan, the UK and Europe written by Kjell Hausken and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-06 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume empirically analyzes the effects of quantitative easing (QE) on interest rates and the economy in the US, Japan, UK and Europe. Using an event-study methodology, the authors find that the measures undertaken by the Federal Reserve and Bank of England, which focus primarily on bond purchases, are much more effective in lowering interest rates than those undertaken by the Bank of Japan and the European Central Bank, which have relied more heavily on lending to private financial institutions. Using large Bayesian vector autoregression (BVAR) models they also analyze the impact of QE on the wider economy. They produce no-QE counterfactual forecasts that are compared with their corresponding baseline forecasts, incorporating the effects of QE on government bond spreads. Despite the failure of stimulating economic activities as a whole, the simulation results suggest that the unconventional monetary policies have a positive influence on industrial production in the US, UK and Japan. The authors’ analysis finds that QE contributes to the reduction in unemployment in the US and Japan, and a rise in inflation-expectations in the US, UK and Euro zone. However, evidence on QE’s effect on house prices, stock prices, consumer confidence, and exchange rate, is mixed and thus inconclusive.
Book Synopsis Enabling Deep Negative Rates to Fight Recessions: A Guide by : Ruchir Agarwal
Download or read book Enabling Deep Negative Rates to Fight Recessions: A Guide written by Ruchir Agarwal and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-04-29 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The experience of the Great Recession and its aftermath revealed that a lower bound on interest rates can be a serious obstacle for fighting recessions. However, the zero lower bound is not a law of nature; it is a policy choice. The central message of this paper is that with readily available tools a central bank can enable deep negative rates whenever needed—thus maintaining the power of monetary policy in the future to end recessions within a short time. This paper demonstrates that a subset of these tools can have a big effect in enabling deep negative rates with administratively small actions on the part of the central bank. To that end, we (i) survey approaches to enable deep negative rates discussed in the literature and present new approaches; (ii) establish how a subset of these approaches allows enabling negative rates while remaining at a minimum distance from the current paper currency policy and minimizing the political costs; (iii) discuss why standard transmission mechanisms from interest rates to aggregate demand are likely to remain unchanged in deep negative rate territory; and (iv) present communication tools that central banks can use both now and in the event to facilitate broader political acceptance of negative interest rate policy at the onset of the next serious recession.
Book Synopsis Bank Leverage and Monetary Policy's Risk-Taking Channel by : Mr.Giovanni Dell'Ariccia
Download or read book Bank Leverage and Monetary Policy's Risk-Taking Channel written by Mr.Giovanni Dell'Ariccia and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2013-06-06 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We present evidence of a risk-taking channel of monetary policy for the U.S. banking system. We use confidential data on the internal ratings of U.S. banks on loans to businesses over the period 1997 to 2011 from the Federal Reserve’s survey of terms of business lending. We find that ex-ante risk taking by banks (as measured by the risk rating of the bank’s loan portfolio) is negatively associated with increases in short-term policy interest rates. This relationship is less pronounced for banks with relatively low capital or during periods when banks’ capital erodes, such as episodes of financial and economic distress. These results contribute to the ongoing debate on the role of monetary policy in financial stability and suggest that monetary policy has a bearing on the riskiness of banks and financial stability more generally.
Download or read book Doing Business 2020 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2019-11-21 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seventeen in a series of annual reports comparing business regulation in 190 economies, Doing Business 2020 measures aspects of regulation affecting 10 areas of everyday business activity.
Book Synopsis Essential Economics by : Matthew Bishop
Download or read book Essential Economics written by Matthew Bishop and published by Bloomberg Press. This book was released on 2004-05-01 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The World Bank Research Observer by :
Download or read book The World Bank Research Observer written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Flow and Stock Effects of Large-Scale Treasury Purchases by : Stefania D'Amico
Download or read book Flow and Stock Effects of Large-Scale Treasury Purchases written by Stefania D'Amico and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2011-02 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a print on demand edition of a hard to find publication. Using a panel of daily CUSIP-level data, the authors study the effects of the Federal Reserve¿s program to purchase $300 billion of U.S. Treasury coupon securities announced and implemented during 2009. The authors find that each purchase operation, on average, caused a decline in yields in the sector purchased of 3.5 basis points on the days when these purchases occurred (the ¿flow effect¿ of the program). In addition, the program as a whole resulted in a persistent downward shift in the yield curve of as much as 50 basis points (the ¿stock effect¿), with the largest impact in the 10- to 15-year sector. The coefficient patterns generally support a view of segmentation or imperfect substitution within the Treasury market. Charts and tables.
Book Synopsis Global Waves of Debt by : M. Ayhan Kose
Download or read book Global Waves of Debt written by M. Ayhan Kose and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2021-03-03 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global economy has experienced four waves of rapid debt accumulation over the past 50 years. The first three debt waves ended with financial crises in many emerging market and developing economies. During the current wave, which started in 2010, the increase in debt in these economies has already been larger, faster, and broader-based than in the previous three waves. Current low interest rates mitigate some of the risks associated with high debt. However, emerging market and developing economies are also confronted by weak growth prospects, mounting vulnerabilities, and elevated global risks. A menu of policy options is available to reduce the likelihood that the current debt wave will end in crisis and, if crises do take place, will alleviate their impact.
Book Synopsis International Macroeconomics in the Wake of the Global Financial Crisis by : Laurent Ferrara
Download or read book International Macroeconomics in the Wake of the Global Financial Crisis written by Laurent Ferrara and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-13 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book collects selected articles addressing several currently debated issues in the field of international macroeconomics. They focus on the role of the central banks in the debate on how to come to terms with the long-term decline in productivity growth, insufficient aggregate demand, high economic uncertainty and growing inequalities following the global financial crisis. Central banks are of considerable importance in this debate since understanding the sluggishness of the recovery process as well as its implications for the natural interest rate are key to assessing output gaps and the monetary policy stance. The authors argue that a more dynamic domestic and external aggregate demand helps to raise the inflation rate, easing the constraint deriving from the zero lower bound and allowing monetary policy to depart from its current ultra-accommodative position. Beyond macroeconomic factors, the book also discusses a supportive financial environment as a precondition for the rebound of global economic activity, stressing that understanding capital flows is a prerequisite for economic-policy decisions.
Book Synopsis Managing Elevated Risk by : Iwan J. Azis
Download or read book Managing Elevated Risk written by Iwan J. Azis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-11 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the risks and opportunities that arise in Emerging Asia given the context of a new environment in global liquidity and capital flows. It elaborates on the need to ensure financial and overall economic stability in the region through improved financial regulation and other policy measures to minimize the emergent risks. "Managing Elevated Risk: Global Liquidity, Capital Flows, and Macroprudential Policy—An Asian Perspective" also explores the range of policy options that may be deployed to address the impact of global liquidity on domestic financial and socio-economic conditions including income inequality. The book is primarily aimed at policy makers, financial market regulators and supervisory agencies to help them improve national regulatory systems and to promote harmonization of national regulations and practices in line with global standards. Scholars and researchers will also gain important information and knowledge about the overall impacts of changing global liquidity from the book.
Book Synopsis The Impact of the Subprime Crisis on Global Financial Markets, Banks and International Trade by : Indranarain Ramlall
Download or read book The Impact of the Subprime Crisis on Global Financial Markets, Banks and International Trade written by Indranarain Ramlall and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2014-10-02 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the occurrence of the US crisis, international focus has shifted from finance to financial stability. This book offers analyses of financial stability risk assessment at three main levels – namely international financial markets, banks and international trade – with the research being innovative, timely and much needed in terms of policy implications. New approaches to policy-making are also suggested to deal with the three crises that presently buffet the world: the debt crisis, an ageing population and climate change.
Book Synopsis Central Bank Finances by : David Archer
Download or read book Central Bank Finances written by David Archer and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Pledged Collateral Market's Role in Transmission to Short-Term Market Rates by : Mr.Manmohan Singh
Download or read book Pledged Collateral Market's Role in Transmission to Short-Term Market Rates written by Mr.Manmohan Singh and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-05-17 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In global financial centers, short-term market rates are effectively determined in the pledged collateral market, where banks and other financial institutions exchange collateral (such as bonds and equities) for money. Furthermore, the use of long-dated securities as collateral for short tenors—or example, in securities-lending and repo markets, and prime brokerage funding—impacts the risk premia (or moneyness) along the yield curve. In this paper, we deploy a methodology to show that transactions using long dated collateral also affect short-term market rates. Our results suggest that the unwind of central bank balance sheets will likely strengthen the monetary policy transmission, as dealer balance-sheet space is now relatively less constrained, with a rebound in collateral reuse.
Book Synopsis SMEs in Developing Asia by : Paul Vandenberg
Download or read book SMEs in Developing Asia written by Paul Vandenberg and published by . This book was released on 2017-02-28 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A vibrant stratum of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is critical for the growth and development of Asian economies. These enterprises generate employment, contribute to investment, participate in value chains, and support innovation. SMEs that seek to sustain and grow their operations, however, face a variety of constraints, many of which are directly related to size. These so-called "size-induced market failures" create a role for public policy interventions by governments throughout the region. This book focuses on the market failures encountered by enterprises in the key areas of technology and innovation, credit and finance, education and skills, and market access. Obstacles to participation in the rapidly expanding regional and global value chains are also examined. Among a variety of issues, the book explores the "missing middle" in credit facilities for enterprises that are beyond microcredit but not yet able to secure regular loans from banks. The book investigates the barriers to innovation and how best to combine internal and external research and development. It also looks at the hiring versus training options to build human capital. The various chapter authors examine national and multicountry experiences in South and East Asia, ranging from those in Pakistan to Japan.
Book Synopsis Business Environment in a Global Context by : Andrew Harrison
Download or read book Business Environment in a Global Context written by Andrew Harrison and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2016-10-14 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Andrew Harrison has expertly authored this engaging text on the business environment, offering theoretical rigour, along with a truly global focus, and an understanding of the economic dimensions of the subject. The text takes a unique approach exploring the business environment at different spatial levels (global, international, national, and regional), in different dimensions (culture, ethics, internationalization, markets, technology, and risk) and in the main geopolitical regions (Europe, the Americas, Asia, and Africa). The text is packed with up-to-date case studies that demonstrate how international companies are affected by, and deal with, serious global issues ranging from the Arab uprising to the growing influence of the BRIC countries. Practical insights interspersed in each chapter provide balanced commentary on the key issues and topics discussed, with further research being prompted by related questions. The text is accompanied by an Online Resource Centre, which includes: For Students: Chapter and case study updates Emerging issues Annotated web links Ideas for research topics For Lecturers: Lecture notes PowerPoint slides Assignment scenarios and questions Guidance on discussion questions and cases Figures and tables from the text
Book Synopsis Monetary Policy Alternatives at the Zero Bound by : Ben S. Bernanke
Download or read book Monetary Policy Alternatives at the Zero Bound written by Ben S. Bernanke and published by www.bnpublishing.com. This book was released on 2009-03 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The success over the years in reducing inflation and, consequently, the average level of nominal interest rates has increased the likelihood that the nominal policy interest rate may become constrained by the zero lower bound. When that happens, a central bank can no longer stimulate aggregate demand by further interest-rate reductions and must rely on "non-standard" policy alternatives. To assess the potential effectiveness of such policies, we analyze the behavior of selected asset prices over short periods surrounding central bank statements or other types of financial or economic news and estimate "noarbitrage" models of the term structure for the United States and Japan. There is some evidence that central bank communications can help to shape public expectations of future policy actions and that asset purchases in large volume by a central bank would be able to affect the price or yield of the targeted asset.
