The Armenian Legionnaires

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The Armenian Legionnaires

Author : Susan Paul Pattie
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1838609296
Total Pages : 407 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (386 download)

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Book Synopsis The Armenian Legionnaires by : Susan Paul Pattie

Download or read book The Armenian Legionnaires written by Susan Paul Pattie and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2018-08-30 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the devastation resulting from the Armenian Genocide in the Ottoman Empire beginning in 1915, the survivors of the massacres were dispersed across the Middle East, Europe and North and South America. Not content with watching World War I silently from the sidelines, a large number of Armenian volunteers joined the Legion d'Orient. They were trained in Cyprus and fought courageously in Palestine and Cilicia alongside Allied commander General Allenby, eventually playing a crucial role in defeating German and Ottoman forces in Palestine at the Battle of Arara in September 1918. The Armenian Legionnaires signed up on the understanding that they would be fighting in Syria and Turkey, and, should the Allies be successful, they would be part of an occupying army in their old homelands, laying the foundation for a self-governing Armenian state. Susan Paul Pattie describes the motivations and dreams of the Armenian Legionnaires and their ultimate betrayal as the French and the British shifted priorities, leaving their ancestral Armenian homelands to the emerging Republic of Turkey. Complete with eyewitness accounts, letters and photographs, this book provides an insight into relations between the Great Powers through the lens of a small, vulnerable people caught in a war that was not their own, but which had already destroyed their known world.

The Lions of Marash

Author : Stanley Elphinstone Kerr
Publisher : SUNY Press
ISBN 13 : 9780873952002
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (52 download)

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Book Synopsis The Lions of Marash by : Stanley Elphinstone Kerr

Download or read book The Lions of Marash written by Stanley Elphinstone Kerr and published by SUNY Press. This book was released on 1973-01-01 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Lions of Marash is an eye-witness account by an American Near East Relief official of the tragic events which resulted in the annihilation of the Armenian population of Marash, in Central Anatolia, following World War I. On 10 February 1920, the French garrison at Marash withdrew abruptly under cover of darkness, thus abandoning more than twenty thousand Armenians to the Turkish Nationalist forces. The French pullout caused considerable embarrassment in Paris and roused a storm of angry protest in England and the United States, but for the Armenians of Marash, and all of Cilicia, it led to renewed massacre and to final exodus. American philanthropy administered through Near East Relief, successor organization to the American Committee for Relief in the Near East, saved thousands of starving Armenian women and children from Turkish marauders. Workshops and other rehabilitative establishments built by ACRNE and NER slightly mitigated the bitter disappointments arising from the American refusal to ensure the Armenian people a collective future by accepting a protective mandate over the independent Armenian state that had been sanctioned by the Paris Peace Conference. In Cilicia NER worked among the repatriates for four years and, after the total Armenian exodus in 1922, attempted to assist the refugee throngs to resettle in Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, and other lands of the Middle East. Among the scores of men and women who responded to the ACRNE call for volunteers in 1919 was Stanley E. Kerr, then an officer in the United States Army Sanitary Corps. First serving at Aleppo in a multiplicity of positions, including clinical biochemist, and photographer, Kerr transferred in the autumn of 1919 to Marash, where he took charge of American relief operations after the French withdrawal. In view of the fact that many Turks regarded the Americans as collaborators with the French and Armenians, it was at no small risk that Kerr and his courageous colleagues stayed at their posts to help the thousands of Armenians whom the French had deserted. Indeed, the uncertainties of a hostage-like existence did not end until Kerr departed for Beirut with the last caravan of Armenian orphans in 1922. Now, fifty years after leaving Cilicia, Dr. Kerr presents his account of the happenings of Marash. Although his personal experiences form the basis for narrative, the author has also utilized the studies and memoirs of French officers, and priests, Turkish military historians, and Armenian survivors, particularly prominent Protestant and Catholic spokesmen.

The Armenians of Aintab

Author : mit Kurt
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674247949
Total Pages : 401 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (742 download)

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Book Synopsis The Armenians of Aintab by : mit Kurt

Download or read book The Armenians of Aintab written by mit Kurt and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2021-04-13 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A TurkÕs discovery that Armenians once thrived in his hometown leads to a groundbreaking investigation into the local dynamics of genocide. mit Kurt, born and raised in Gaziantep, Turkey, was astonished to learn that his hometown once had a large and active Armenian community. The Armenian presence in Aintab, the cityÕs name during the Ottoman period, had not only been destroyedÑit had been replaced. To every appearance, Gaziantep was a typical Turkish city. Kurt digs into the details of the Armenian dispossession that produced the homogeneously Turkish city in which he grew up. In particular, he examines the population that gained from ethnic cleansing. Records of land confiscation and population transfer demonstrate just how much new wealth became available when the prosperous ArmeniansÑwho were active in manufacturing, agricultural production, and tradeÑwere ejected. Although the official rationale for the removal of the Armenians was that the group posed a threat of rebellion, Kurt shows that the prospect of material gain was a key motivator of support for the Armenian genocide among the local Muslim gentry and the Turkish public. Those who benefited mostÑprovincial elites, wealthy landowners, state officials, and merchants who accumulated Armenian capitalÑin turn financed the nationalist movement that brought the modern Turkish republic into being. The economic elite of Aintab was thus reconstituted along both ethnic and political lines. The Armenians of Aintab draws on primary sources from Armenian, Ottoman, Turkish, British, and French archives, as well as memoirs, personal papers, oral accounts, and newly discovered property-liquidation records. Together they provide an invaluable account of genocide at ground level.

Forgotten Wars

Author : Włodzimierz Borodziej
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108944884
Total Pages : 391 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Forgotten Wars by : Włodzimierz Borodziej

Download or read book Forgotten Wars written by Włodzimierz Borodziej and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-04-01 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Włodzimierz Borodziej and Maciej Górny set out to salvage the historical memory of the experience of war in the lands between Riga and Skopje, beginning with the two Balkan conflicts of 1912–1913 and ending with the death of Emperor Franz Joseph in 1916. The First World War in the East and South-East of Europe was fought by people from a multitude of different nationalities, most of them dressed in the uniforms of three imperial armies: Russian, German, and Austro-Hungarian. In this first volume of Forgotten Wars, the authors chart the origins and outbreak of the First World War, the early battles, and the war's impact on ordinary soldiers and civilians through to the end of the Romanian campaign in December 1916, by which point the Central Powers controlled all of the Balkans except for the Peloponnese. Combining military and social history, the authors make extensive use of eyewitness accounts to describe the traumatic experience that established a region stretching between the Baltic, Adriatic, and Black Seas.

The Armenian Genocide

Author : Raymond Kévorkian
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0857719300
Total Pages : 1038 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (577 download)

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Book Synopsis The Armenian Genocide by : Raymond Kévorkian

Download or read book The Armenian Genocide written by Raymond Kévorkian and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2011-03-30 with total page 1038 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Armenian Genocide was one of the greatest atrocities of the twentieth century, an episode in which up to 1.5 million Armenians lost their lives. In this major new history, the renowned historian Raymond Kevorkian provides an authoritative account of the origins, events and consequences of the years 1915 and 1916. He considers the role that the Armenian Genocide played in the construction of the Turkish nation state and Turkish identity, as well as exploring the ideologies of power, rule and state violence. Crucially, he examines the consequences of the violence against the Armenians, the implications of deportations and attempts to bring those who committed the atrocities to justice. Kevorkian offers a detailed and meticulous record, providing an authoritative analysis of the events and their impact upon the Armenian community itself, as well as the development of the Turkish state. This important book will serve as an indispensable resource to historians of the period, as well as those wishing to understand the history of genocidal violence more generally.

Memoirs of the Foreign Legion

Author : Maurice Magnus
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Memoirs of the Foreign Legion by : Maurice Magnus

Download or read book Memoirs of the Foreign Legion written by Maurice Magnus and published by . This book was released on 1924 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The International Politics of the Armenian-Azerbaijani Conflict

Author : Svante E. Cornell
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137600063
Total Pages : 227 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (376 download)

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Book Synopsis The International Politics of the Armenian-Azerbaijani Conflict by : Svante E. Cornell

Download or read book The International Politics of the Armenian-Azerbaijani Conflict written by Svante E. Cornell and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-20 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book frames the Armenian-Azerbaijani conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh in the context of European and international security. It is the first book to focus on the politics of the conflict rather than the dispute itself. Since their emergence twenty years ago, this and other “frozen conflicts” of Eurasia have been affected by transformations in European security, and many ways absorbed into an ever fiercer geopolitical struggle for influence. The wars in Georgia and Ukraine brought greater attention to some unresolved conflicts, but not to the conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan. As the contributors to this volume argue, the conflict merits much greater European attention, for several reasons: it is on a path of escalation, existing mediation regimes are dysfunctional, and as both Georgia and Ukraine have showed, any outbreak of serious fighting will force the EU to respond. This book thus explains the interlocking interests of Russia, Turkey, Iran, the EU and United States in the conflict, and analyzes the negotiation process and the conflict’s international legal aspects.

Memoirs of a Soldier about the Days of Tragedy

Author : Bedros Haroian
Publisher : Bookbaby
ISBN 13 : 9781737555803
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (558 download)

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Book Synopsis Memoirs of a Soldier about the Days of Tragedy by : Bedros Haroian

Download or read book Memoirs of a Soldier about the Days of Tragedy written by Bedros Haroian and published by Bookbaby. This book was released on 2022-03-11 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The youth of Bedros Haroian prepared him for the life of a soldier. He grew up an orphan in a cold and half-destroyed house in a village of the Ottoman Empire at the dawn of the 20th century. He grew up in a despised and impoverished Christian community in the Ottoman Empire, which was the Caliphate and operating under Shari'a law. Those beginnings made Haroian a revolutionary. When W.W. I breaks out, Haroian will find himself serving in four armies. The Ottoman Army conscripts him, and he joins with zeal to gain martial skills, and he provides one of the only descriptions of a survivor of the defeat at the Battle of Sarikamish. He later escapes to join the Imperial Russian Army to help fight for the Armenians surviving the Genocide. He ends up serving in the British Army in Batum (a Black Sea port), At the end, Bedros Haroian joins the French Foreign Legion's auxiliary unit of Armenian Legionnaires to defend the Armenian survivors in Cilicia (bordering the Mediterranean Sea). History and horror--those two words describe Haroian's experience as a soldier. His memoirs provide on-the-ground details and insights into historical battles, ones that increase our understanding beyond the limits of official reports on these battles.--Publisher.

The Armenians and the Fall of the Ottoman Empire

Author : Ari Şekeryan
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108918247
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis The Armenians and the Fall of the Ottoman Empire by : Ari Şekeryan

Download or read book The Armenians and the Fall of the Ottoman Empire written by Ari Şekeryan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-12-31 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Armistice of Mudros was signed on 30 October 1918 and on the morning of 13 November 1918, a mighty fleet of battleships from Britain, France, Italy and Greece sailed to Istanbul, and dropped anchor without encountering resistance. This day marked the beginning of the end of the Ottoman Empire, a dissolution that would bring great suffering and chaos, but also new opportunities for all Ottomans, Muslim and non-Muslim alike. Drawing upon a previously untouched collection of Armenian and Ottoman Turkish primary sources, Ari Şekeryan considers these understudied post-war years. Examining the Armenian community as they emerged from the aftermath of war and genocide, Şekeryan outlines their shifting political position and the strategies they used to survive this turbulent period. By focusing on the Ottoman Armistice (1918–1923), Şekeryan illuminates an oft-neglected period in history, and develops a new case study for understanding the political reactions of ethnic groups to the fall of empires and nation-states.

The Armenian Rebellion at Van

Author : Justin McCarthy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (97 download)

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Book Synopsis The Armenian Rebellion at Van by : Justin McCarthy

Download or read book The Armenian Rebellion at Van written by Justin McCarthy and published by . This book was released on 2006-09-29 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents a long-overdue examination of the actions at Van, an ancient city in southeastern Anatolia, where the Armenian Revolt is believed to have been a precursor to a great massacre of the people of the East.

The Kremlin Letters

Author : David Reynolds
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300241046
Total Pages : 693 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis The Kremlin Letters by : David Reynolds

Download or read book The Kremlin Letters written by David Reynolds and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2018-11-27 with total page 693 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A penetrating account of the dynamics of World War II’s Grand Alliance through the messages exchanged by the "Big Three" Stalin exchanged more than six hundred messages with Allied leaders Churchill and Roosevelt during the Second World War. In this riveting volume—the fruit of a unique British-Russian scholarly collaboration—the messages are published and also analyzed within their historical context. Ranging from intimate personal greetings to weighty salvos about diplomacy and strategy, this book offers fascinating new revelations of the political machinations and human stories behind the Allied triumvirate. Edited and narrated by two of the world’s leading scholars on World War II diplomacy and based on a decade of research in British, American, and newly available Russian archives, this crucial addition to wartime scholarship illuminates an alliance that really worked while exposing its fractious limits and the issues and egos that set the stage for the Cold War that followed.

The White Kepi

Author : Walter Kanitz
Publisher : Pickle Partners Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1787205762
Total Pages : 519 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (872 download)

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Book Synopsis The White Kepi by : Walter Kanitz

Download or read book The White Kepi written by Walter Kanitz and published by Pickle Partners Publishing. This book was released on 2017-06-28 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heroic figures galloping across the loose sands of the Sahara, their flowing white kepis a symbol of the highest romance and adventure...or murderers and human derelicts, rejected by society and hunted by the police, seeking escape from prison in the ranks of the Légion Étrangère? Neither picture—so commonly held by the general public—is even partially accurate, writes Walter Kanitz. During World War II, Walter Kanitz fought with the Foreign Legion in Africa. He has done a vast amount of research and reading about the Legion, and has made every possible effort to check his facts. His book represents the first comprehensive and objective history of the French Foreign Legion since its inception in 1831 by the royal decree of Louis Philippe. For the better part of its history, the Foreign Legion, remote, fascinating, somewhat sinister, has been shrouded in mystery. It has been called everything from “Desert Carrion” to the “Legion of Beggars.” It was often said that “dogs bark when the Legion passes.” Yet, in battle, the Légionnaires are famed for a courage and heroism that knows no fear of death. They are considered by most professional soldiers to be, as a unit, the best fighting force in the world. When a new recruit applies for enlistment, he is made to wait 24 hours to reconsider his decision. The ranks are made up of men of all nationalities—Germans, Poles, Czechs, Slavs, Spaniards, Americans. It is the only army in existence today made up of mercenaries who have voluntarily signed to serve five years for the government of France. The discipline is harsh and the pay meager. The call to battle has taken Legion units from Mexico to Norway, from China to Morocco. Outside of battle, life consists of infinite boredom broken only by alcohol and an occasional woman. And yet, says ex-Legionnaire Kanitz, “Qu’importe, quand la Légion passe, que les chiens viennent aboyer après d’elle! Vive la Légion!”

Joining Hitler's Crusade

Author : David Stahel
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316510344
Total Pages : 457 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (165 download)

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Book Synopsis Joining Hitler's Crusade by : David Stahel

Download or read book Joining Hitler's Crusade written by David Stahel and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A ground-breaking study that looks at why European nations sent troops to take part in Hitler's invasion of the Soviet Union.

Holy Legionary Youth

Author : Roland Clark
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 0801456347
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Holy Legionary Youth by : Roland Clark

Download or read book Holy Legionary Youth written by Roland Clark and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2015-06-05 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Founded in 1927, Romania’s Legion of the Archangel Michael was one of Europe’s largest and longest-lived fascist social movements. In Holy Legionary Youth, Roland Clark draws on oral histories, memoirs, and substantial research in the archives of the Romanian secret police to provide the most comprehensive account of the Legion in English to date. Clark approaches Romanian fascism by asking what membership in the Legion meant to young Romanian men and women. Viewing fascism "from below," as a social category that had practical consequences for those who embraced it, he shows how the personal significance of fascism emerged out of Legionaries’ interactions with each other, the state, other political parties, families and friends, and fascist groups abroad. Official repression, fascist spectacle, and the frequency and nature of legionary activities changed a person’s everyday activities and relationships in profound ways. Clark’s sweeping history traces fascist organizing in interwar Romania to nineteenth-century grassroots nationalist movements that demanded political independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire. It also shows how closely the movement was associated with the Romanian Orthodox Church and how the uniforms, marches, and rituals were inspired by the muscular, martial aesthetic of fascism elsewhere in Europe. Although antisemitism was a key feature of official fascist ideology, state violence against Legionaries rather than the extensive fascist violence against Jews had a far greater impact on how Romanians viewed the movement and their role in it. Approaching fascism in interwar Romania as an everyday practice, Holy Legionary Youth offers a new perspective on European fascism, highlighting how ordinary people "performed" fascism by working together to promote a unique and totalizing social identity.

The Armenians of Musa Dagh, 1915–1939

Author : Kemal Çiçek
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 179362917X
Total Pages : 133 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (936 download)

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Book Synopsis The Armenians of Musa Dagh, 1915–1939 by : Kemal Çiçek

Download or read book The Armenians of Musa Dagh, 1915–1939 written by Kemal Çiçek and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2020-11-18 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the insurgency and flight of the Armenian communities in Musa Dagh between 1915 and 1939. It analyzes the narratives surrounding the Armenian rebellion against the Ottoman Empire, including the community’s resistance against the imperial order for relocation and the flight to the Musa Mountain.

The Fall of the Ottomans

Author : Eugene Rogan
Publisher : Basic Books
ISBN 13 : 0465056695
Total Pages : 514 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (65 download)

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Book Synopsis The Fall of the Ottomans by : Eugene Rogan

Download or read book The Fall of the Ottomans written by Eugene Rogan and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2015-03-10 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A remarkably readable, judicious and well-researched account" (Financial Times) of World War I in the Middle East By 1914 the powers of Europe were sliding inexorably toward war, and they pulled the Middle East along with them into one of the most destructive conflicts in human history. In The Fall of the Ottomans, award-winning historian Eugene Rogan brings the First World War and its immediate aftermath in the Middle East to vivid life, uncovering the often ignored story of the region's crucial role in the conflict. Unlike the static killing fields of the Western Front, the war in the Middle East was fast-moving and unpredictable, with the Turks inflicting decisive defeats on the Entente in Gallipoli, Mesopotamia, and Gaza before the tide of battle turned in the Allies' favor. The postwar settlement led to the partition of Ottoman lands, laying the groundwork for the ongoing conflicts that continue to plague the modern Arab world. A sweeping narrative of battles and political intrigue from Gallipoli to Arabia, The Fall of the Ottomans is essential reading for anyone seeking to understand the Great War and the making of the modern Middle East.

The Heroic Battle of Aintab

Author : Kevork Baboian
Publisher : Gomidas Institute Books
ISBN 13 : 9781909382411
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (824 download)

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Book Synopsis The Heroic Battle of Aintab by : Kevork Baboian

Download or read book The Heroic Battle of Aintab written by Kevork Baboian and published by Gomidas Institute Books. This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Heroic Battle of Aintab is an invaluable primary source that shows the perspective of Armenians - survivors of the Armenian Genocide - during the Franco-Turkish conﬂict in Aintab in 1920-1921. Armenians were in a difﬁcult position as they tried to negotiate a path between their former executioners and an invading French army. They even had to resort to arms and ﬁght on their own account against hostile forces. "The famous battle of Aintab ... seems to have been as much the organised struggle of a group of [Turkish] genocide proﬁteers seeking to hold onto their loot as it was a ﬁght against an occupying force. The resistance ... sought to make it impossible for the Armenian repatriates to remain in their native towns, terrorising them [again] in order to make them ﬂee. In short, not only did the local ... landowners, industrialists and civil-military bureaucratic elites lead the resistance movement, but they also ﬁnanced it in order to cleanse Aintab of Armenians."