Temperature Stress And Strength Development Of Early Age Bridge Deck Concrete

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Temperature, Stress, and Strength Development of Early-age Bridge Deck Concrete

Author : Phillip Wayne Pesek
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 514 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (755 download)

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Book Synopsis Temperature, Stress, and Strength Development of Early-age Bridge Deck Concrete by : Phillip Wayne Pesek

Download or read book Temperature, Stress, and Strength Development of Early-age Bridge Deck Concrete written by Phillip Wayne Pesek and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In bridge deck concrete, early-age cracking can lead to substantial serviceability and structural integrity issues over the lifespan of the bridge. An understanding of the temperature, stress, and strength development of concrete can aid determining the early-age cracking susceptibility. This project, funded by the Texas Department of Transportation, evaluated these properties for various bridge deck materials and mixture proportions. The research presented in this thesis involved a laboratory testing program that used a combination of semi-adiabatic calorimetry, rigid cracking frame, free shrinkage frame, and match cured cylinder testing program that allowed the research team to simulate the performance of common bridge deck mixture designs under hot and cold weather conditions. In this program, the semi-adiabatic calorimetry was used, with previously generated models, to generate the temperature profile of the mixture. The rigid cracking frame and free shrinkage frame were used to evaluate the restrained stress development and the unrestrained volume changes, respectively, under the simulated temperatures. The match-cure cylinder testing program allowed the research team to generate a strength development profile for the concrete mixtures under the various simulated temperature profiles. Results from the laboratory program revealed that in hot weather simulations, ground granulated blast furnace slag mixtures developed the lowest stress / strength ratios, and in cold weather simulations, Class F fly ash mixtures developed the lowest stress / strength ratios. In general, use of SCMs and limestone coarse aggregate results in mixtures that generate less heat and lower stress / strength ratios. Isothermal testing showed that shrinkage reducing admixtures were effective in reducing early-age strains from chemical shrinkage. In addition to the laboratory testing program, a field testing program was completed to measure the temperature development of four bridge decks during the winter and summer months. The recorded concrete temperatures and the effects of the environmental conditions at the time of the pour will aid in the calibration and validation of the temperature prediction component of ConcreteWorks for bridge deck construction. In addition, experience gained through these field pours resulted in an optimized instrumentation procedure that will aid in the successful collection of data in future projects.

Phase 1 Report on the Development of Predictive Model for Bridge Deck Cracking and Strength Development

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Phase 1 Report on the Development of Predictive Model for Bridge Deck Cracking and Strength Development by :

Download or read book Phase 1 Report on the Development of Predictive Model for Bridge Deck Cracking and Strength Development written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Early-age cracking, typically caused by drying shrinkage (and often coupled with autogenous and thermal shrinkage), can have several detrimental effects on long-term behavior and durability. Cracking can also provide ingress of water that can drive chemical reactions, such as alkali-silica reaction (ASR) and sulfate attack. Because of the problems associated with cracking observed in bridge decks, and the impact of early-age cracking on long-term performance and durability, it is imperative that bridge decks be constructed with minimal early-age cracking and that exhibit satisfactory long-term performance and durability. To achieve these goals for bridges in the state of Texas, a research team has been assembled that possesses significant expertise and background in cement chemistry, concrete materials and durability, structural performance, computational mechanics (finite difference/element), bridge deck construction and maintenance, monitoring of in-site behavior of field structures, and the development of test methods and specifications aimed at practical implementation by state highway departments. This proposal describes a laboratory- and field-based research program aimed at developing a bridge deck cracking model that will ultimately be integrated into ConcreteWorks, a suite of software programs developed for TxDOT by this same research team.

Thermal Cracking in Concrete at Early Ages

Author : R. Springenschmid
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780419187103
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (871 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermal Cracking in Concrete at Early Ages by : R. Springenschmid

Download or read book Thermal Cracking in Concrete at Early Ages written by R. Springenschmid and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1994-10-13 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Restraint and intrinsic stresses in concrete at early ages are vitally important for concrete structures which must remain free of water-permeable cracks, such as water-retaining structures, tunnel linings, locks and dams. The development of hydration heat, stiffness and strength, also the degree of restraint and, especially for high-strength concrete, non-thermal effects, are decisive for sensitivity to cracking. Determining thses stresses in the laboratory and in construction components has led to a clearer understanding of how they develop and how to optimize mix design, temperature and curing conditions. New testing equipment has enabled the effects of all the important parameters to be qualified and more reliable models for predictiong restraint stresses to be developed. Thermal Cracking in Conrete at Early Ages contains 56 contributions by leading international specialists presented at the RILEM Symposium held in October 1994 at the Technical University of Munich. It will be valuable for construction and site engineers, concrete technologists and scientists.

מחזור מנהג אשכנז המערבי לחגי חודש תשרי

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (232 download)

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Book Synopsis מחזור מנהג אשכנז המערבי לחגי חודש תשרי by :

Download or read book מחזור מנהג אשכנז המערבי לחגי חודש תשרי written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Study of Internal Strains Developed in Concrete Decks at Early Ages in Steel Continuous Bridges

Author : Fernando Rafael Benitez Ortiz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (123 download)

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Book Synopsis Study of Internal Strains Developed in Concrete Decks at Early Ages in Steel Continuous Bridges by : Fernando Rafael Benitez Ortiz

Download or read book Study of Internal Strains Developed in Concrete Decks at Early Ages in Steel Continuous Bridges written by Fernando Rafael Benitez Ortiz and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Arkansas Department of Transportation (ARDOT) has identified bridge deck cracking shortly after concrete decks are placed and prior to applying traffic loads. Previous researchers have confirmed improper construction practices and design methods can lead to deck cracking. Currently, many contractors throughout Arkansas are using continuous deck pours. This construction approach may restrict the concrete slab from movement during early age shrinkage, causing tensile stresses to develop. The final stresses at the end of construction must be lower than the concrete tensile strength, if not cracking issues will develop. Eventually, these cracks may enlarge due to service load stresses and environmental damage. A nation-wide Department of Transportation (US DOTs) survey was performed to investigate the early age cracking extensiveness level in other state's bridges and what corrections, if any, they have made to address this problem. Additionally, Arkansas bridges with early age cracking were visited to examine any trends and inform instrumentation for bridge testing. A bridge deck was instrumented with 32 vibrating wire strain gauges prior to concrete placement to investigate strain and temperature changes in the first 14 days. Eurocode and ACI approximations for concrete mechanical properties were compared to field measured data for improving the understanding of an early age concrete deck behavior in a continuous steel bridge. Stress analysis study through the span length of bridge 030428 detected some locations prone to concrete cracking due to the variability of concrete mechanical properties and stress developed in the concrete deck. This thesis describes the results of this monitoring and anything that can be learned about formation of concrete stresses in continuous concrete bridge deck pours.

Construction Loads and Vibrations

Author : Mohsen A. Issa
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Construction Loads and Vibrations by : Mohsen A. Issa

Download or read book Construction Loads and Vibrations written by Mohsen A. Issa and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective and scope of this research was to investigate the effects of construction loads and vibrations on typical newly poured reinforced concrete bridge decks. A compendium was developed that takes into consideration all the factors influencing the effects of construction loads and vibrations on the performance of reinforced concrete bridge decks, in particular, the structural cracking of the concrete. The parameters considered for the evaluation stages were age of concrete, stage and sequence of pours, curing procedures, heat of hydration, strength gain, thermal changes, type of construction, adjacent traffic, adjacent pile driving, and construction equipment. The identification process consisted of a comprehensive literature review and questionnaire survey. Due to the complexity of the subject, limited and often conflicting information was identified. An experimental program was conducted to determine the modulus of elasticity of concrete as well as the maximum curvatures that fresh concrete can withstand. A computer program was developed to identify the best possible pouring sequence for continuous span bridges. Two bridges for which the plans and other relevant information were made available by the Illinois Department of Transportation were modeled for construction loads and vibrations. The time history and dynamic analysis indicated that the sequence of pour has a significant effect on the deformation of the concrete at early ages. The mode shapes obtained by the finite element analysis were used to optimize sensor locations for the dynamic field testing. Locations at the supports and along the two exterior girders of both bridges were selected for instrumentation based on the dynamic analysis results.

Early-age Cracking Control on Modern Concrete

Author : Dejian Shen
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9819714958
Total Pages : 447 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis Early-age Cracking Control on Modern Concrete by : Dejian Shen

Download or read book Early-age Cracking Control on Modern Concrete written by Dejian Shen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Early-age Thermal Crack Control in Concrete

Author : P. B. Bamforth
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Early-age Thermal Crack Control in Concrete by : P. B. Bamforth

Download or read book Early-age Thermal Crack Control in Concrete written by P. B. Bamforth and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guide provides a method for estimating the magnitude of crack inducing strain and the risk of cracking; and where cracking will occur guidance is provided on the design of reinforcement to control crack widths.

Prevention of Thermal Cracking in Concrete at Early Ages

Author : R. Springenschmid
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1482271818
Total Pages : 365 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (822 download)

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Book Synopsis Prevention of Thermal Cracking in Concrete at Early Ages by : R. Springenschmid

Download or read book Prevention of Thermal Cracking in Concrete at Early Ages written by R. Springenschmid and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-06-02 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An important new report from the RILEM Technical Committee 119. This book presents models and methods to determine thermal stresses and cracking risks in concrete. The possible influences on and causes of thermal cracking of concrete are discussed and cases of practical measures for avoiding cracking are detailed.

Thermal Cracking in Concrete at Early Ages

Author : R. Springenschmid
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780419187103
Total Pages : 960 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (871 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermal Cracking in Concrete at Early Ages by : R. Springenschmid

Download or read book Thermal Cracking in Concrete at Early Ages written by R. Springenschmid and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1994-10-13 with total page 960 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Restraint and intrinsic stresses in concrete at early ages are vitally important for concrete structures which must remain free of water-permeable cracks, such as water-retaining structures, tunnel linings, locks and dams. The development of hydration heat, stiffness and strength, also the degree of restraint and, especially for high-strength concrete, non-thermal effects, are decisive for sensitivity to cracking. Determining thses stresses in the laboratory and in construction components has led to a clearer understanding of how they develop and how to optimize mix design, temperature and curing conditions. New testing equipment has enabled the effects of all the important parameters to be qualified and more reliable models for predictiong restraint stresses to be developed. Thermal Cracking in Conrete at Early Ages contains 56 contributions by leading international specialists presented at the RILEM Symposium held in October 1994 at the Technical University of Munich. It will be valuable for construction and site engineers, concrete technologists and scientists.

Restrained Shrinkage Behavior of Heat-cured, High Early-strength High-performance Concrete (HES-HPC)

Author : Jonathan Eagelton
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 106 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (872 download)

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Book Synopsis Restrained Shrinkage Behavior of Heat-cured, High Early-strength High-performance Concrete (HES-HPC) by : Jonathan Eagelton

Download or read book Restrained Shrinkage Behavior of Heat-cured, High Early-strength High-performance Concrete (HES-HPC) written by Jonathan Eagelton and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For decades, High Performance Concrete has commonly been used in bridge decks due to its high strength and durability. Despite these properties, cracking in decks continues to be a challenge for bridge engineers. Cracking in bridge decks can lead to weaker structural members, increased damage during freeze-thaw cycles, and accelerated corrosion. These issues lead to more frequent maintenance as the deck needs to be replaced, which raises costs. Causes of cracking includes: harsh weather conditions during pour or curing, high shrinkage stresses, and extremely high live loads due to overweight truck traffic. There is some belief that freshly poured concrete will develop some stress as adjacent lanes are loaded with trucks. Since the concrete is still weak at this stage, it is believed that the strain caused by this stress generation may be large enough to cause cracking. Because of this, the New Jersey Turnpike Authority (NJTA) has recently developed Supplementary Technical Specifications for a High Early Strength HPC (HES-HPC) to replace bridge decks during staged construction. Higher early age strength can be achieved by increasing the rate of hydration, which can be accomplished with higher temperatures. Part of the specifications suggests the use of a heat blanket to keep the concrete at higher temperatures in the early hours to achieve a faster strength gain. Despite this proposition, heat blanket cured concrete has yet to be tested for restrained shrinkage using the ring test. Additionally, shrinkage reducing admixture has yet to be studied for HES-HPC, despite the possibility of its applicability. The restrained shrinkage ring test is used to compare the cracking tendency of HPC, typical HES-HPC, and heat cured HES-HPC. Shrinkage reducing admixture is also studied to determine if it can be practically applied to HES-HPC. Results of the restrained shrinkage test are also correlated with the free shrinkage results. Crack development is monitored throughout the test and used for comparison.

Thermal Cracking in Concrete at Early Ages

Author : R. Springenschmid
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 148227129X
Total Pages : 491 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (822 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermal Cracking in Concrete at Early Ages by : R. Springenschmid

Download or read book Thermal Cracking in Concrete at Early Ages written by R. Springenschmid and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1994-10-13 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Restraint and intrinsic stresses in concrete at early ages are vitally important for concrete structures which must remain free of water-permeable cracks, such as water-retaining structures, tunnel linings, locks and dams. The development of hydration heat, stiffness and strength, also the degree of restraint and, especially for high-strength concr

Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management, Life-Cycle Sustainability and Innovations

Author : Hiroshi Yokota
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000173755
Total Pages : 926 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management, Life-Cycle Sustainability and Innovations by : Hiroshi Yokota

Download or read book Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management, Life-Cycle Sustainability and Innovations written by Hiroshi Yokota and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-04-20 with total page 926 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management, Life-Cycle Sustainability and Innovations contains lectures and papers presented at the Tenth International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management (IABMAS 2020), held in Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan, April 11–15, 2021. This volume consists of a book of extended abstracts and a USB card containing the full papers of 571 contributions presented at IABMAS 2020, including the T.Y. Lin Lecture, 9 Keynote Lectures, and 561 technical papers from 40 countries. The contributions presented at IABMAS 2020 deal with the state of the art as well as emerging concepts and innovative applications related to the main aspects of maintenance, safety, management, life-cycle sustainability and technological innovations of bridges. Major topics include: advanced bridge design, construction and maintenance approaches, safety, reliability and risk evaluation, life-cycle management, life-cycle sustainability, standardization, analytical models, bridge management systems, service life prediction, maintenance and management strategies, structural health monitoring, non-destructive testing and field testing, safety, resilience, robustness and redundancy, durability enhancement, repair and rehabilitation, fatigue and corrosion, extreme loads, and application of information and computer technology and artificial intelligence for bridges, among others. This volume provides both an up-to-date overview of the field of bridge engineering and significant contributions to the process of making more rational decisions on maintenance, safety, management, life-cycle sustainability and technological innovations of bridges for the purpose of enhancing the welfare of society. The Editors hope that these Proceedings will serve as a valuable reference to all concerned with bridge structure and infrastructure systems, including engineers, researchers, academics and students from all areas of bridge engineering.

Concrete Maturity

Author : Matthew L. LaCome
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (452 download)

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Book Synopsis Concrete Maturity by : Matthew L. LaCome

Download or read book Concrete Maturity written by Matthew L. LaCome and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Early Age Shrinkage and Cracking of Nevada Concrete Bridge Decks

Author : Heinere Howard Ah-Sha
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Early Age Shrinkage and Cracking of Nevada Concrete Bridge Decks by : Heinere Howard Ah-Sha

Download or read book Early Age Shrinkage and Cracking of Nevada Concrete Bridge Decks written by Heinere Howard Ah-Sha and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Measuring, Monitoring and Modeling Concrete Properties

Author : Maria S. Konsta-Gdoutos
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402051042
Total Pages : 761 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Measuring, Monitoring and Modeling Concrete Properties by : Maria S. Konsta-Gdoutos

Download or read book Measuring, Monitoring and Modeling Concrete Properties written by Maria S. Konsta-Gdoutos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-23 with total page 761 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This state-of-the-art volume covers the latest and future trends in measuring, monitoring and modeling the properties of cement based materials. The book contains 94 papers and presents the latest research work of renowned experts. It acts as a survey of the most up-to-date research in the field.

Cracking Control on Early-Age Concrete Through Internal Curing

Author : Dejian Shen
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811983984
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (119 download)

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Book Synopsis Cracking Control on Early-Age Concrete Through Internal Curing by : Dejian Shen

Download or read book Cracking Control on Early-Age Concrete Through Internal Curing written by Dejian Shen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-07-10 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph is written based on the author's research on the assessment, control, and repair of cracking of early-age concrete in the recent decade. The technique of internal curing for increasing cracking resistance of early-age concrete is further developed through experimental and theoretical research. It establishes models for predicting the internal relative humidity and autogenous shrinkage of internally cured concrete at early age; reveals the variation law and mechanism of early-age tensile creep of internally cured concrete; and explores the variation law and mechanism of early-age cracking resistance of internally cured concrete under continuous restrained condition or uniaxial restrained condition. It is designed as a reference work for professionals or practitioners and a textbook for undergraduates or postgraduates. As such, this book provides valuable knowledge, useful methods, and practical experience that can be considered in the field of concrete cracking control.